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1. Altered Microbiome Leads to Significant Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Differences in a Lipid Accumulating Chlorophyte

Author:
Richter, Lubna V.; Mansfeldt, Cresten B.; Kuan, Michael M.; Cesare, Alexandra E.; Menefee, Stephen T.; Richardson, Ruth E.; Ahner, Beth A.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6854-6863
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Chlorella; Rhodobacter; Ruegeria; biodiesel; bioreactors; carbon cycle; environmental science; feedstocks; gene expression; genes; genetic variation; microalgae; microbial communities; microbiome; nitrogen; oxidative stress; phenotype; photosynthesis; ribosomal RNA; transcriptomics; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... Given the challenges facing the economically favorable production of products from microalgae, understanding factors that might impact productivity rates including growth rates and accumulation of desired products, for example, triacylglycerols (TAG) for biodiesel feedstock, remains critical. Although operational parameters such as media composition and reactor design can clearly effect growth rat ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06581

2. Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment and Reactive Nitrogen Inputs Interactively Stimulate Soil Cation Losses and Acidification

Author:
Zhang, Li; Qiu, Yunpeng; Cheng, Lei; Wang, Yi; Liu, Lingli; Tu, Cong; Bowman, Dan C.; Burkey, Kent O.; Bian, Xinmin; Zhang, Weijian; Hu, Shuijin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6895-6902
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acidification; agricultural soils; agroecosystems; ammonium nitrogen; calcium; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide enrichment; cations; climate change; cropland; leachates; magnesium; nitrogen; nutrient availability; nutrients; organic matter; plant growth; plant response; soil acidification; soil pH; soil solution
Abstract:
... Reactive N inputs (Nr) may alleviate N-limitation of plant growth and are assumed to help sustain plant responses to the rising atmospheric CO₂ (eCO₂). However, Nr and eCO₂ may elicit a cascade reaction that alters soil chemistry and nutrient availability, shifting the limiting factors of plant growth, particularly in acidic tropical and subtropical croplands with low organic matter and low nutrie ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00495

3. Big Groundwater Data Sets Reveal Possible Rare Contamination Amid Otherwise Improved Water Quality for Some Analytes in a Region of Marcellus Shale Development

Author:
Wen, Tao; Niu, Xianzeng; Gonzales, Matthew; Zheng, Guanjie; Li, Zhenhui; Brantley, Susan L.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7149-7159
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Clean Air Act; acid deposition; arsenic; barium; data collection; groundwater; iron; lead; manganese; methane; oil fields; pH; rural areas; shale; shale gas; sodium; steel; sulfates; valleys; water quality; wells; United States
Abstract:
... Eleven thousand groundwater samples collected in the 2010s in an area of Marcellus shale-gas development are analyzed to assess spatial and temporal patterns of water quality. Using a new data mining technique, we confirm previous observations that methane concentrations in groundwater tend to be naturally elevated in valleys and near faults, but we also show that methane is also more concentrated ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01123

4. Bromate and Nitrate Bioreduction Coupled with Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate Production in a Methane-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor

Author:
Lai, Chun-Yu; Lv, Pan-Long; Dong, Qiu-Yi; Yeo, Shi Lei; Rittmann, Bruce E.; Zhao, He-Ping
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7024-7031
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Comamonadaceae; Meiothermus; Methylocystis; Methylomonas; biofilm; bromates; denitrification; denitrifying bacteria; environmental science; genes; metagenomics; methane; methanotrophs; nitrate reductase; nitrates; nitric oxide reductase (cytochrome c); nitrite reductase; nitrous-oxide reductase; oxidation; poly-3-hydroxybutyrate; prediction; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... This work demonstrates bromate (BrO₃–) reduction in a methane (CH₄)-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR), and it documents contrasting impacts of nitrate (NO₃–) on BrO₃– reduction, as well as formation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), an internal C- and electron-storage material. When the electron donor, CH₄, was in ample supply, NO₃– enhanced BrO₃– reduction by stimulating the growth of denitrif ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00152

5. Brown Carbon Aerosol in Urban Xi’an, Northwest China: The Composition and Light Absorption Properties

Author:
Huang, Ru-Jin; Yang, Lu; Cao, Junji; Chen, Yang; Chen, Qi; Li, Yongjie; Duan, Jing; Zhu, Chongshu; Dai, Wenting; Wang, Kai; Lin, Chunshui; Ni, Haiyan; Corbin, Joel C.; Wu, Yunfei; Zhang, Renjian; Tie, Xuexi; Hoffmann, Thorsten; O’Dowd, Colin; Dusek, Uli
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6825-6833
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorption; aerosols; air quality; biomass; burning; chemical analysis; chemical composition; climate; emissions; optical properties; organic carbon; photochemistry; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; radiative forcing; summer; troposphere; water solubility; winter; China
Abstract:
... Light-absorbing organic carbon (i.e., brown carbon or BrC) in the atmospheric aerosol has significant contribution to light absorption and radiative forcing. However, the link between BrC optical properties and chemical composition remains poorly constrained. In this study, we combine spectrophotometric measurements and chemical analyses of BrC samples collected from July 2008 to June 2009 in urba ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b02386

6. Capture–Ferment–Upgrade: A Three-Step Approach for the Valorization of Sewage Organics as Commodities

Author:
Alloul, Abbas; Ganigué, Ramon; Spiller, Marc; Meerburg, Francis; Cagnetta, Cristina; Rabaey, Korneel; Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6729-6742
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
European Union; Monte Carlo method; bioplastics; biorefining; chemical oxygen demand; esters; feedstocks; fermentation; fish meal; hydrolysis; issues and policy; polyhydroxyalkanoates; sewage; sludge; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... This critical review outlines a roadmap for the conversion of chemical oxygen demand (COD) contained in sewage to commodities based on three-steps: capture COD as sludge, ferment it to volatile fatty acids (VFA), and upgrade VFA to products. The article analyzes the state-of-the-art of this three-step approach and discusses the bottlenecks and challenges. The potential of this approach is illustra ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05712

7. Combining High-Throughput Sequencing of sedaDNA and Traditional Paleolimnological Techniques To Infer Historical Trends in Cyanobacterial Communities

Author:
Tse, Timothy J.; Doig, Lorne E.; Tang, Song; Zhang, Xiaohui; Sun, Weimin; Wiseman, Steve B.; Feng, Cindy Xin; Liu, Hongling; Giesy, John P.; Hecker, Markus; Jones, Paul D.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6842-6853
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Bacillariophyceae; DNA; anthropogenic activities; climate change; community structure; correlation; environmental quality; genes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; lakes; microbial communities; microcystins; monitoring; nutrients; paleoecology; pigments; ribosomal RNA; sediments; sterols; toxicity; Great Plains region
Abstract:
... Freshwaters worldwide are under increasing pressure from anthropogenic activities and changing climate. Unfortunately, many inland waters lack sufficient long-term monitoring to assess environmental trends. Analysis of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) is emerging as a means to reconstruct the past occurrence of microbial communities of inland waters. The purpose of this study was to assess a comb ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06386

8. Combining Measurements from Mobile Monitoring and a Reference Site To Develop Models of Ambient Ultrafine Particle Number Concentration at Residences

Author:
Simon, Matthew C.; Patton, Allison P.; Naumova, Elena N.; Levy, Jonathan I.; Kumar, Prashant; Brugge, Doug; Durant, John L.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6985-6995
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
environmental science; epidemiological studies; land use; models; monitoring; regression analysis; temporal variation; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... Significant spatial and temporal variation in ultrafine particle (UFP; <100 nm in diameter) concentrations creates challenges in developing predictive models for epidemiological investigations. We compared the performance of land-use regression models built by combining mobile and stationary measurements (hybrid model) with a regression model built using mobile measurements only (mobile model) in ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00292

9. Discrete Organic Phosphorus Signatures are Evident in Pollutant Sources within a Lake Erie Tributary

Author:
Brooker, M. R.; Longnecker, K.; Kujawinski, E. B.; Evert, M. H.; Mouser, P. J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6771-6779
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
algal blooms; dissolved organic matter; lipids; mass spectrometry; nitrogen; organophosphorus compounds; phosphorus; pollutants; pollution load; rivers; wastewater treatment; watersheds; Canada; Lake Erie; United States
Abstract:
... Phosphorus loads are strongly associated with the severity of harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie, a Great Lake situated between the United States and Canada. Inorganic and total phosphorus measurements have historically been used to estimate nonpoint and point source contributions, from contributing watersheds with organic phosphorus often neglected. Here, we used ultrahigh resolution mass spectrom ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05703

10. Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Spreading Oil and Gas Wastewater on Roads

Author:
Tasker, T. L.; Burgos, W. D.; Piotrowski, P.; Castillo-Meza, L.; Blewett, T. A.; Ganow, K. B.; Stallworth, A.; Delompré, P. L. M.; Goss, G. G.; Fowler, L. B.; Vanden Heuvel, J. P.; Dorman, F.; Warner, N. R.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7081-7091
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Daphnia magna; aquatic organisms; bioassays; carcinogens; drinking water; dust; human health; metabolism; oils; pollutants; radioactivity; radium; rain; roads; signal transduction; surface water; toxicity; wastewater; wastewater treatment; xenobiotics; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Thirteen states in the United States allow the spreading of O&G wastewaters on roads for deicing or dust suppression. In this study, the potential environmental and human health impacts of this practice are evaluated. Analyses of O&G wastewaters spread on roads in the northeastern, U.S. show that these wastewaters have salt, radioactivity, and organic contaminant concentrations often many times ab ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00716

11. Environmentally Relevant Freeze–Thaw Cycles Enhance the Redox-Mediated Morphological Changes of Silver Nanoparticles

Author:
Guo, Xiaoru; Yin, Yongguang; Tan, Zhiqiang; Liu, Jingfu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6928-6935
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquatic environment; bioavailability; calcium; chlorides; environmental assessment; environmental factors; environmental fate; freeze-thaw cycles; freezing; isotopes; nanosilver; organic matter; physicochemical properties; redox reactions; risk assessment; silver; temperature; toxicity; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are inevitably released into natural systems, particularly into aquatic environments, where they are oxidized and release Ag⁺, which is reduced back to AgNPs. Environmental freeze–thaw cycles or freezing may accelerate the dynamic transformation between AgNPs and Ag⁺. Herein, the significant morphological changes caused by freezing treatments were assessed by UV–vis sp ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00694

12. Environmental Risks of Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (MCCPs): A Review

Author:
Glüge, Juliane; Schinkel, Lena; Hungerbühler, Konrad; Cariou, Ronan; Bogdal, Christian
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6743-6760
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
alkanes; aquatic environment; bioaccumulation; environmental science; humans; risk; sediments; soil; toxicity; China
Abstract:
... Chlorinated paraffins are industrial chemicals that can be subdivided into short-chain (SCCP), medium-chain (MCCP), and long-chain (LCCP) chlorinated paraffins. The global production volumes of MCCPs are nowadays suspected to be much higher than those of S- and LCCPs, and the few available studies on the environmental occurrence of chlorinated paraffins report often higher MCCP concentrations than ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06459

13. From Water-Use to Water-Scarcity Footprinting in Environmentally Extended Input–Output Analysis

Author:
Ridoutt, Bradley G.; Hadjikakou, Michalis; Nolan, Martin; Bryan, Brett A.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6761-6770
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
agricultural products; emissions; environmental policy; environmental science; input output analysis; models; politics; public services and goods; water shortages; Australia
Abstract:
... Environmentally extended input–output analysis (EEIOA) supports environmental policy by quantifying how demand for goods and services leads to resource use and emissions across the economy. However, some types of resource use and emissions require spatially explicit impact assessment for meaningful interpretation, which is not possible in conventional EEIOA. For example, water use in locations of ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00416

14. Identifying the Nonradical Mechanism in the Peroxymonosulfate Activation Process: Singlet Oxygenation Versus Mediated Electron Transfer

Author:
Yun, Eun-Tae; Lee, Jeong Hoon; Kim, Jaesung; Park, Hee-Deung; Lee, Jaesang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7032-7042
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
azides; carbon nanotubes; deuterium oxide; electron transfer; environmental science; free radicals; furfuryl alcohol; histidine; oxidation; pH; singlet oxygen; solvents; sulfates
Abstract:
... Select persulfate activation processes were demonstrated to initiate oxidation not reliant on sulfate radicals, although the underlying mechanism has yet to be identified. This study explored singlet oxygenation and mediated electron transfer as plausible nonradical mechanisms for organic degradation by carbon nanotube (CNT)-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The degradation of furfuryl alcohol (F ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00959

15. Impact of Water-Induced Soil Erosion on the Terrestrial Transport and Atmospheric Emission of Mercury in China

Author:
Liu, Maodian; Zhang, Qianru; Luo, Yao; Mason, Robert P.; Ge, Shidong; He, Yipeng; Yu, Chenghao; Sa, Rina; Cao, Hanlin; Wang, Xuejun; Chen, Long
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6945-6956
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air temperature; emissions; humans; issues and policy; land use change; mercury; soil; streams; terrestrial ecosystems; vegetation cover; water erosion; China
Abstract:
... Terrestrial mercury (Hg) transport, induced by water erosion and exacerbated by human activities, constitutes a major disturbance of the natural Hg cycle, but the processes are still not well understood. In this study, we modeled these processes using detailed information on erosion and Hg in soils and found that vast quantities of total Hg (THg) are being removed from land surfaces in China as a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01319

16. Improving Photocatalytic Water Treatment through Nanocrystal Engineering: Mesoporous Nanosheet-Assembled 3D BiOCl Hierarchical Nanostructures That Induce Unprecedented Large Vacancies

Author:
Guo, Sheng-qi; Zhu, Xiao-he; Zhang, Hai-jun; Gu, Bing-chuan; Chen, Wei; Liu, Lu; Alvarez, Pedro J. J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6872-6880
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
bisphenol A; density functional theory; disinfection; electrons; energy; environmental science; mineralization; nanocrystals; nanosheets; nitrates; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; porous media; semiconductors; thermodynamics; water purification
Abstract:
... Vacancy control can significantly enhance the performance of photocatalytic semiconductors for water purification. However, little is known about the mechanisms and approaches that could generate stable large vacancies. Here, we report a new mechanism to induce vacancy formation on nanocrystals for enhanced photocatalytic activity: the introduction of mesopores. We synthesized two nanosheet-assemb ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00352

17. Influence of Metal Contamination and Sediment Deposition on Benthic Invertebrate Colonization at the North Fork Clear Creek Superfund Site, Colorado, USA

Author:
Dabney, Brittanie L.; Clements, William H.; Williamson, Jacob L.; Ranville, James F.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7072-7080
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
United States Environmental Protection Agency; acid mine drainage; community structure; environmental monitoring; field experimentation; habitats; macroinvertebrates; sediment deposition; sediments; streams; water quality; Colorado
Abstract:
... Assessing benthic invertebrate community responses to multiple stressors is necessary to improve the success of restoration and biomonitoring projects. Results of mesocosm and field experiments were integrated to predict how benthic macroinvertebrate communities would recover following the removal of acid mine drainage from the North Fork of Clear Creek (NFCC), a U.S. EPA Superfund site in Colorad ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06556

18. Influence of Oxalate on Ni Fate during Fe(II)-Catalyzed Recrystallization of Hematite and Goethite

Author:
Flynn, Elaine D.; Catalano, Jeffrey G.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6920-6927
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aqueous solutions; crystallization; environmental science; goethite; hematite; iron; nickel; nutrient availability; oxalates; oxides; pH
Abstract:
... During biogeochemical iron cycling at redox interfaces, dissolved Fe(II) induces the recrystallization of Fe(III) oxides. Oxalate and other organic acids promote dissolution of these minerals and may also induce recrystallization. These processes may redistribute trace metals among the mineral bulk, mineral surface, and aqueous solution. However, the impact of interactions among organic acids, dis ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00641

19. Lead Speciation and Association with Organic Matter in Various Particle-Size Fractions of Contaminated Soils

Author:
Landrot, Gautier; Khaokaew, Saengdao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6780-6788
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-radiation; absorption; cerussite; goethite; lead; organic matter; particle size; polluted soils; remediation; soil sampling; spectroscopy; villages; Thailand
Abstract:
... Lead (Pb) stabilization in polluted soils treated by a Pb immobilization technique may be dependent on the speciation of Pb present in specific particle-size fractions of the soil. However, the scale-dependency of Pb speciation in contaminated soils is still not clearly understood. In this study, the natures and amounts of Pb chemical forms were determined in five Pb-polluted soil samples from Kli ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00004

20. Light Absorption Enhancement of Black Carbon Aerosol Constrained by Particle Morphology

Author:
Wu, Yu; Cheng, Tianhai; Liu, Dantong; Allan, James D.; Zheng, Lijuan; Chen, Hao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6912-6919
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorption; aerosols; carbon; climate; climate change; climate models; environmental science; radiative forcing; theoretical models; uncertainty
Abstract:
... The radiative forcing of black carbon aerosol (BC) is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in climate change assessments. Contrasting results of BC absorption enhancement (Eₐbₛ) after aging are estimated by field measurements and modeling studies, causing ambiguous parametrizations of BC solar absorption in climate models. Here we quantify Eₐbₛ using a theoretical model parametrized by the co ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00636