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1. The Story of Ever Diminishing Vehicle Tailpipe Emissions as Observed in the Chicago, Illinois Area

Author:
Bishop, Gary A.; Haugen, Molly J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7587-7593
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
carbon monoxide; durability; environmental science; fuels; hydrocarbons; models; nitric oxide; particulate emissions; statistical analysis; Illinois
Abstract:
... The University of Denver has collected on-road fuel specific vehicle emissions measurements in the Chicago area since 1989. This nearly 30 year record illustrates the large reductions in light-duty vehicle tailpipe emissions and the remarkable improvements in emissions control durability to maintain low emissions over increasing periods of time. Since 1989 fuel specific carbon monoxide (CO) emissi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00926

2. Dynamic Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric Organic Aerosol under Ambient Sunlight

Author:
Jiang, Huanhuan; Jang, Myoseon
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7496-7504
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; aerosols; alpha-pinene; chemical composition; combustion; dithiothreitol; environmental science; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; gasoline; hydroperoxides; isoprene; moieties; nitrates; oxidants; quinones; smoke; solar radiation; toluene; wood
Abstract:
... The atmospheric process dynamically changes the chemical compositions of organic aerosol (OA), thereby complicating the interpretation of its health effects. In this study, the dynamic evolution of the oxidative potential of various OA was studied, including wood combustion particles and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) generated from different hydrocarbons (i.e., gasoline, toluene, isoprene, and ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00148

3. High Permeation Rates in Liposome Systems Explain Rapid Glyphosate Biodegradation Associated with Strong Isotope Fractionation

Author:
Ehrl, Benno N.; Mogusu, Emmanuel O.; Kim, Kyoungtea; Hofstetter, Heike; Pedersen, Joel A.; Elsner, Martin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7259-7268
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Ochrobactrum; biodegradation; carbon; cell membranes; glyphosate; isotope fractionation; isotopes; mass transfer; models; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pH; pollutants; soil; transporters
Abstract:
... Bacterial uptake of charged organic pollutants such as the widely used herbicide glyphosate is typically attributed to active transporters, whereas passive membrane permeation as an uptake pathway is usually neglected. For 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) liposomes, the pH-dependent apparent membrane permeation coefficients (Pₐₚₚ) of glyphosate, determined by nuclear magneti ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01004
PubMed:
29790342
PubMed Central:
PMC7193547

4. Trace Organic Pollutant Removal by VUV/UV/chlorine Process: Feasibility Investigation for Drinking Water Treatment on a Mini-Fluidic VUV/UV Photoreaction System and a Pilot Photoreactor

Author:
Li, Mengkai; Hao, Mengyu; Yang, Laxiang; Yao, Hong; Bolton, James R.; Blatchley, Ernest R.; Qiang, Zhimin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7426-7433
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
antibiotics; aquatic environment; chlorine; cost analysis; drinking water; electric power; fluid mechanics; lamps; models; organic matter; oxidation; photochemical reactions; pollutants; synergism; water treatment
Abstract:
... The vacuum-ultraviolet/ultraviolet/chlorine (VUV/UV/chlorine) process, with a VUV/UV mercury lamp used as the light source, was found to be a highly efficient advanced oxidation process (AOP) in a previous study. Hence, its application feasibility for trace organic pollutant removal from drinking water becomes attractive. In this work, a bench-scale mini-fluidic VUV/UV photoreaction system was use ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00611

5. Revealing Environmental Inequality Hidden in China’s Inter-regional Trade

Author:
Zhang, Wei; Liu, Yu; Feng, Kuishuang; Hubacek, Klaus; Wang, Jinnan; Liu, Miaomiao; Jiang, Ling; Jiang, Hongqiang; Liu, Nianlei; Zhang, Pengyan; Zhou, Ying; Bi, Jun
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7171-7181
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air pollutants; air pollution; coasts; emissions; inventories; models; pollution control; public services and goods; supply chain; trade; value added; China
Abstract:
... Trade among regions or countries not only allows the exchange of goods and services but also leads to the transfer of pollution. The unequal exchange of goods and services and associated value added and pollution may be subject to environmental inequality in China given that Chinese provinces are in different development stages. By using the latest multiregional input–output tables and the sectora ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00009

6. Production Temperature Effects on the Structure of Hydrochar-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter and Associated Toxicity

Author:
Hao, Shilai; Zhu, Xiangdong; Liu, Yuchen; Qian, Feng; Fang, Zhi; Shi, Quan; Zhang, Shicheng; Chen, Jianmin; Ren, Zhiyong Jason
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7486-7495
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biochar; chemical structure; dissolved organic matter; environmental impact; furans; hydrochars; hydrothermal liquefaction; molecular weight; organic acids and salts; phenols; spectroscopy; sugars; temperature; toxicity
Abstract:
... Hydrochar is a carbonaceous material derived from hydrothermal liquefaction, and it carries good potential as a new material for environmental applications. However, little is known about the dissolved organic matter (DOM) associated with hydrochar and the consequences of its release. The relationship between the production temperature and the characteristics of DOM released from hydrochar as well ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b04983

7. Examining the Potential for Agricultural Benefits from Pollinator Habitat at Solar Facilities in the United States

Author:
Walston, Leroy J.; Mishra, Shruti K.; Hartmann, Heidi M.; Hlohowskyj, Ihor; McCall, James; Macknick, Jordan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7566-7576
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Citrus; agricultural land; alfalfa; almonds; cotton; ecological function; ecosystem services; environmental science; foraging; habitats; humans; land use change; pollinating insects; pollination; solar energy; soybeans; spatial data; vegetation; United States
Abstract:
... Of the many roles insects serve for ecosystem function, pollination is possibly the most important service directly linked to human well-being. However, land use changes have contributed to the decline of pollinators and their habitats. In agricultural landscapes that also support renewable energy developments such as utility-scale solar energy [USSE] facilities, opportunities may exist to conserv ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00020

8. How Persistent and Bioavailable Are Oxygenated Deepwater Horizon Oil Transformation Products?

Author:
Aeppli, Christoph; Swarthout, Robert F.; O’Neil, Gregory W.; Katz, Samuel D.; Nabi, Deedar; Ward, Collin P.; Nelson, Robert K.; Sharpless, Charles M.; Reddy, Christopher M.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7250-7258
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
analytical methods; aromatic compounds; beaches; chemical composition; environmental assessment; environmental fate; hydrocarbons; hydrophobicity; models; oil spills; oils; risk assessment; sand; toxic substances; water solubility; Gulf of Mexico
Abstract:
... About half of the surface oil floating on the Gulf of Mexico in the aftermath of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill was transformed into oxygenated hydrocarbons (OxHC) within days to weeks. These OxHC persist for years in oil/sand aggregates in nearshore and beach environments, and there is concern that these aggregates might represent a long-term source of toxic compounds. However, because this OxH ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01001

9. Impact of Chloride Ions on UV/H2O2 and UV/Persulfate Advanced Oxidation Processes

Author:
Zhang, Weiqiu; Zhou, Shiqing; Sun, Julong; Meng, Xiaoyang; Luo, Jinming; Zhou, Dandan; Crittenden, John
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7380-7389
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
anions; chlorides; chlorine; environmental science; free radicals; hydroxyl radicals; mathematical models; organic compounds; oxidation; sulfates
Abstract:
... Chloride ion (Cl–) is one of the most common anions in the aqueous environment. A mathematical model was developed to determine and quantify the impact of Cl– on the oxidization rate of organic compounds at the beginning stage of the UV/persulfate (PS) and UV/H₂O₂ processes. We examined two cases for the UV/PS process: (1) when the target organic compounds react only with sulfate radicals, the rat ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01662

10. Iodoacetic Acid Disrupting the Thyroid Endocrine System in Vitro and in Vivo

Author:
Xia, Ying; Mo, Yan; Yang, Qiyuan; Yu, Yang; Jiang, Meiyu; Wei, Shumao; Lu, Du; Wu, Huan; Lu, Guodong; Zou, Yunfeng; Zhang, Zhiyong; Wei, Xiao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7545-7552
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
byproducts; cell proliferation; cytotoxicity; disinfection; drinking water; endocrine system; environmental science; gene expression; hypothalamus; indole acetic acid; iodides; iodoacetic acid; messenger RNA; mutagens; protein synthesis; rats; sodium; symporters; thyrotropin; thyrotropin receptors; thyrotropin-releasing hormone; triiodothyronine
Abstract:
... Exposure to drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) is potentially associated with adverse developmental effects. Iodoacetic acid (IAA), an unregulated DBP, has been shown to be cytotoxic, mutagenic, genotoxic, and tumorigenic. However, its endocrine-disrupting effects remain unknown. This study evaluated the IAA-induced disruption of the thyroid endocrine system using in vitro and in vivo a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01802

11. Atmospheric Concentrations of New Persistent Organic Pollutants and Emerging Chemicals of Concern in the Group of Latin America and Caribbean (GRULAC) Region

Author:
Rauert, Cassandra; Harner, Tom; Schuster, Jasmin K.; Eng, Anita; Fillmann, Gilberto; Castillo, Luisa Eugenia; Fentanes, Oscar; Villa Ibarra, Martín; Miglioranza, Karina S. B.; Moreno Rivadeneira, Isabel; Pozo, Karla; Aristizábal Zuluaga, Beatriz Helena
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7240-7249
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; esters; flame retardants; organophosphorus compounds; perfluoroalkyl acids; perfluorocarbons; persistent organic pollutants; pesticides; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; population density; siloxanes; sulfonates; Brazil; Caribbean; Colombia; Latin America
Abstract:
... A special initiative was run by the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) Network to provide atmospheric data on a range of emerging chemicals of concern and candidate and new persistent organic pollutants in the Group of Latin America and Caribbean (GRULAC) region. Regional-scale data for a range of flame retardants (FRs) including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphate este ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00995

12. Life Cycle Assessment of Biofertilizer Production and Use Compared with Conventional Liquid Digestate Management

Author:
Styles, David; Adams, Paul; Thelin, Gunnar; Vaneeckhaute, Céline; Chadwick, David; Withers, Paul J. A.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7468-7476
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acidification; ammonia; anaerobic digestion; antimony; biofertilizers; carbon dioxide; energy; eutrophication; food waste; global warming; greenhouse gas emissions; life cycle assessment; liquids; magnesium ammonium phosphate; methane; mineral fertilizers; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; nutrient use efficiency; nutrients; phosphorus; sulfur dioxide
Abstract:
... Handling of digestate produced by anaerobic digestion impacts the environment through emission of greenhouse gases, reactive nitrogen, and phosphorus. Previous life cycle assessments (LCA) evaluating the extraction of nutrients from digestate using struvite precipitation and ammonia stripping did not relate synthetic fertilizer substitution (SFS) to nutrient use efficiency consequences. We applied ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01619

13. Mechanism of the Thermal Decomposition of Chlorpyrifos and Formation of the Dioxin Analog, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro-1,4-dioxino-dipyridine (TCDDpy)

Author:
Kennedy, Eric M.; Mackie, John C.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7327-7333
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
chlorpyrifos; dioxins; environmental science; ethylene; free radicals; kinetics; models; organic halogen compounds; oxygen; thermal degradation
Abstract:
... Thermal decomposition of the pesticide, chlorpyrifos (CPf) and its major degradation product, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCpyol), has been studied by quantum chemical calculation using density functional methods at the M06-2X/GTLarge//M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. Chlopyrifos was found to undergo a series of unimolecular stepwise elimination reactions releasing two molecules of ethylene an ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01626

14. Seasonally Varying Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation From In-Situ Oxidation of Near-Highway Air

Author:
Saha, Provat K.; Reece, Stephen M.; Grieshop, Andrew P.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7192-7202
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aerosols; air; chemical composition; emissions; environmental science; oxidants; oxidation; ozone; seasonal variation; summer; temperature; traffic; vehicles (equipment); winter; North Carolina
Abstract:
... The extent to which motor vehicles contribute to ambient secondary organic aerosol (SOA) remains uncertain. Here, we present in situ measurements of SOA formation at a near-highway site with substantial tree-cover 10 m from Interstate 40 near Durham, North Carolina. In July 2015 (summer) and February 2016 (winter), we exposed ambient air to a range of oxidant (O₃ and OH) concentrations in an oxida ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01134

15. Global Transcriptomic Effects of Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of the Neonicotinoids Clothianidin, Imidacloprid, and Thiamethoxam in the Brain of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

Author:
Christen, Verena; Schirrmann, Melanie; Frey, Juerg E.; Fent, Karl
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7534-7544
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Apis mellifera; adverse effects; alpha-amylase; brain; carbohydrate metabolism; clothianidin; environmental science; gene ontology; genes; glucose; imidacloprid; lipid metabolism; nucleotidase; pentose phosphate cycle; proteins; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; royal jelly; sequence analysis; starch; sucrose; sulfur; thiamethoxam; transcriptomics; worker honey bees
Abstract:
... Neonicotinoids are implicated in the decline of honey bees, but the molecular basis underlying adverse effects is poorly known. Here we describe global transcriptomic profiles in the brain of honey bee workers exposed for 48 h at one environmentally realistic and one sublethal concentration of 0.3 and 3.0 ng/bee clothianidin and imidacloprid, respectively, and 0.1 and 1.0 ng/bee thiamethoxam (1–30 ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01801

16. High Performance Nanofiltration Membrane for Effective Removal of Perfluoroalkyl Substances at High Water Recovery

Author:
Boo, Chanhee; Wang, Yunkun; Zucker, Ines; Choo, Youngwoo; Osuji, Chinedum O.; Elimelech, Menachem
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7279-7288
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
calcium; calcium chloride; cations; gypsum; molecular weight; nanofiltration; nanopores; organochlorine compounds; perfluorocarbons; perfluorooctanoic acid; piperazine; polyamides; polymerization; remediation; sodium chloride; sodium sulfate
Abstract:
... We demonstrate the fabrication of a loose, negatively charged nanofiltration (NF) membrane with tailored selectivity for the removal of perfluoroalkyl substances with reduced scaling potential. A selective polyamide layer was fabricated on top of a poly(ether sulfone) support via interfacial polymerization of trimesoyl chloride and a mixture of piperazine and bipiperidine. Incorporating high molec ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01040

17. Monothioarsenate Transformation Kinetics Determining Arsenic Sequestration by Sulfhydryl Groups of Peat

Author:
Besold, Johannes; Biswas, Ashis; Suess, Elke; Scheinost, Andreas C.; Rossberg, André; Mikutta, Christian; Kretzschmar, Ruben; Gustafsson, Jon Petter; Planer-Friedrich, Britta
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7317-7326
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; arsenic; arsenites; dissociation; dominant species; environmental science; models; moieties; organic matter; pH; peat; peatlands; sorption; sulfhydryl groups; sulfur; Switzerland
Abstract:
... In peatlands, arsenite was reported to be effectively sequestered by sulfhydryl groups of natural organic matter. To which extent porewater arsenite can react with reduced sulfur to form thioarsenates and how this affects arsenic sequestration in peatlands is unknown. Here, we show that, in the naturally arsenic-enriched peatland Gola di Lago, Switzerland, up to 93% of all arsenic species in surfa ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01542

18. Chemotaxis Increases the Retention of Bacteria in Porous Media with Residual NAPL Entrapment

Author:
Adadevoh, Joanna S. T.; Ramsburg, C. Andrew; Ford, Roseanne M.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7289-7295
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Pseudomonas putida; aquifers; bacteria; chemoattractants; chemotaxis; ganglia; migratory behavior; models; mutants; naphthalene; nonaqueous phase liquids; porous media; sand
Abstract:
... Chemotaxis has the potential to decrease the persistence of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contaminants in aquifers by allowing pollutant-degrading bacteria to move toward sources of contamination and thus influence dissolution. This experimental study investigated the migratory response of chemotactic bacteria to a distribution of residual NAPL ganglia entrapped within a laboratory-scale sand col ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01172

19. Competing Interactions of As Adsorption and Fe(III) Polymerization during Ferric Coprecipitation Treatment

Author:
Shi, Qiantao; Jing, Chuanyong; Meng, Xiaoguang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7343-7350
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; arsenic; coprecipitation; ferric chloride; ions; iron; oxides; pH; particle size; polymerization; polymers; sludge; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... This study revealed the effect of As on the formation and dissolution of iron (hydr)oxides and its further impact on the As removal efficacy of FeCl₃ treatment. Adding 6.7 mg/L FeCl₃ into 325 μg/L As solution (coprecipitation) resulted in more As removal (99% As(V) and 75% As(III)) at 2 min than adding As into aged FeCl₃ solution (preaged, 52–87% As(V) and 7–42% As(III)) at pH 7. However, soluble ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01845

20. Fossil Fuel-Derived Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Taiwan Strait, China, and Fluxes across the Air–Water Interface

Author:
Ya, Miaolei; Xu, Li; Wu, Yuling; Li, Yongyu; Zhao, Songhe; Wang, Xinhong
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7307-7316
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
fluorenes; volatilization; carbon; burning; summer; radionuclides; water currents; anthracenes; estuaries; fossil fuels; winter; fossils; models; dry deposition; biomass; liquid-air interface; rivers; phenanthrenes; seawater; radiocarbon dating; South China Sea; Taiwan; China
Abstract:
... On the basis of the application of compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) and air–water exchange models, the contributions of fossil fuel and biomass burning derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as well as their air–water transport were elucidated. The results showed that fossil fuel-derived PAHs (an average contribution of 89%) presented the net volatilization process at the air ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01331