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1. In Situ Monitoring of Groundwater Contamination Using the Kalman Filter

Author:
Schmidt, Franziska; Wainwright, Haruko M.; Faybishenko, Boris; Denham, Miles; Eddy-Dilek, Carol
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7418-7425
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
early warning systems; groundwater; groundwater contamination; models; monitoring; pH; principal component analysis; tritium; uranium; water quality; Savannah River Site
Abstract:
... This study presents a Kalman filter-based framework to establish a real-time in situ monitoring system for groundwater contamination based on in situ measurable water quality variables, such as specific conductance (SC) and pH. First, this framework uses principal component analysis (PCA) to identify correlations between the contaminant concentrations of interest and in situ measurable variables. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00017

2. Decoupling Livestock from Land Use through Industrial Feed Production Pathways

Author:
Pikaar, Ilje; Matassa, Silvio; Bodirsky, Benjamin L.; Weindl, Isabelle; Humpenöder, Florian; Rabaey, Korneel; Boon, Nico; Bruschi, Michele; Yuan, Zhiguo; van Zanten, Hannah; Herrero, Mario; Verstraete, Willy; Popp, Alexander
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7351-7359
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
cropland; environmental impact; feeds; greenhouse gas emissions; land use; livestock; microbial proteins; nitrogen; pollution; rearing; socioeconomic development
Abstract:
... One of the main challenges for the 21st century is to balance the increasing demand for high-quality proteins while mitigating environmental impacts. In particular, cropland-based production of protein-rich animal feed for livestock rearing results in large-scale agricultural land-expansion, nitrogen pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. Here we propose and analyze the long-term potential of al ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00216

3. Exposure to Human-Associated Chemical Markers of Fecal Contamination and Self-Reported Illness among Swimmers at Recreational Beaches

Author:
Napier, Melanie D.; Poole, Charles; Stewart, Jill R.; Weber, David J.; Glassmeyer, Susan T.; Kolpin, Dana W.; Furlong, Edward T.; Dufour, Alfred P.; Wade, Timothy J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7513-7523
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
beaches; biomarkers; bisphenol A; cholesterol; diarrhea; freshwater; gastrointestinal system; humans; pollution; rain; respiratory tract diseases; risk; sand; water temperature; United States
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic chemicals have been proposed as potential markers of human fecal contamination in recreational water. However, to date, there are no published studies describing their relationships with illness risks. Using a cohort of swimmers at seven U.S. beaches, we examined potential associations between the presence of chemical markers of human fecal pollution and self-reported gastrointestina ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00639
PubMed:
29901991
PubMed Central:
PMC6192706

4. Uncertainty of Consumption-Based Carbon Accounts

Author:
Rodrigues, João F. D.; Moran, Daniel; Wood, Richard; Behrens, Paul
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7577-7586
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
carbon; carbon footprint; climate; databases; environmental science; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; international trade; multivariate analysis; supply chain; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Consumption-based carbon accounts (CBCAs) track how final demand in a region causes carbon emissions elsewhere due to supply chains in the global economic network, taking into account international trade. Despite the importance of CBCAs as an approach for understanding and quantifying responsibilities in climate mitigation efforts, very little is known of their uncertainties. Here we use five glob ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00632
PubMed:
29897752
PubMed Central:
PMC6150677

5. Concentration Dependent Effects of Bovine Serum Albumin on Graphene Oxide Colloidal Stability in Aquatic Environment

Author:
Sun, Binbin; Zhang, Yinqing; Chen, Wei; Wang, Kunkun; Zhu, Lingyan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7212-7219
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquatic environment; bovine serum albumin; calcium chloride; coagulation; electrolytes; environmental science; graphene oxide; light scattering; lysine; magnesium chloride; models; pH; sodium chloride
Abstract:
... The impacts of a model globular protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) on aggregation kinetics of graphene oxide (GO) in aquatic environment were investigated through time-resolved dynamic light scattering at pH 5.5. Aggregation kinetics of GO without BSA as a function of electrolyte concentrations (NaCl, MgCl₂, and CaCl₂) followed the traditional Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory, and t ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06218

6. Performance of Modified LaxSr1–xMnO3 Perovskite Catalysts for NH3 Oxidation: TPD, DFT, and Kinetic Studies

Author:
Wang, Dong; Peng, Yue; Yang, Qilei; Xiong, Shangchao; Li, Junhua; Crittenden, John
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7443-7449
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; ammonia; catalysts; cations; density functional theory; environmental science; lanthanum; manganese; nitric oxide; nitrous oxide; oxidation; oxygen; sulfur dioxide; temperature
Abstract:
... The modified perovskites (LaₓSr₁–ₓMnO₃) were prepared using the selective dissolution method for the selective catalytic oxidation (SCO) of NH₃. We found that more Mn⁴⁺ cations and active surface oxygen species formed on the catalyst’s surface with increasing the dissolution time (dis). The 1h-dis catalyst exhibited excellent NH₃ conversion, and it performed well in the presence of SO₂ and H₂O. Th ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01352

7. Hydroxyl Radical Based Photocatalytic Degradation of Halogenated Organic Contaminants and Paraffin on Silica Gel

Author:
Qu, Ruijuan; Li, Chenguang; Liu, Jiaoqin; Xiao, Ruiyang; Pan, Xiaoxue; Zeng, Xiaolan; Wang, Zunyao; Wu, Jichun
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7220-7229
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; bromine; density functional theory; energy; environmental science; hydroxyl radicals; hydroxylation; irradiation; organic halogen compounds; phenols; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; photolysis; silica gel; solar radiation
Abstract:
... Photochemical materials are of scientific and practical importance in the field of photocatalysis. In this study, the photochemistry of several organic contaminants, including decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), halogenated phenols (C₆X₅OH, X = F, Cl, Br) and paraffin, on silica gel (SG) surface was investigated under simulated solar irradiation conditions. Photolysis of these compounds at the soli ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00499

8. Why Variant Colloid Transport Behaviors Emerge among Identical Individuals in Porous Media When Colloid–Surface Repulsion Exists

Author:
Johnson, W. P.; Rasmuson, A.; Pazmiño, E.; Hilpert, M.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7230-7239
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
collectors; colloids; environmental science; glass; porous media; prediction; quartz; sand
Abstract:
... We herein demonstrate the cause of well-observed variant transport behaviors for apparently identical colloids in porous media under conditions of colloid-collector repulsion (unfavorable attachment conditions). We demonstrate that variant colloid transport behavior under unfavorable conditions can be explained by inherently variable colloid residence times prior to arrest on grains (collectors). ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00811

9. Validation of a Method for Extracting Microplastics from Complex, Organic-Rich, Environmental Matrices

Author:
Hurley, Rachel R.; Lusher, Amy L.; Olsen, Marianne; Nizzetto, Luca
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7409-7417
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
hydrogen peroxide; organic matter; oxidation; plastics; potassium hydroxide; protocols; sludge; sodium hydroxide; soil; soil sampling; wet digestion method
Abstract:
... Complex and organic-rich solid substrates such as sludge and soil have been shown to be contaminated by microplastics; however, methods for extracting plastic particles have not yet been systemically tested or standardized. This study investigated four main protocols for the removal of organic material during analysis of microplastics from complex solid matrices: oxidation using H₂O₂, Fenton’s rea ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01517

10. Pore Structure-Dependent Mass Transport in Flow-through Electrodes for Water Remediation

Author:
Zhou, Yujun; Ji, Qinghua; Liu, Huijuan; Qu, Jiuhui
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7477-7485
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
active sites; decontamination; electrochemistry; electrodes; electron transfer; graphene; mass transfer; microstructure; nanosheets; reaction kinetics; remediation; surface area; water purification
Abstract:
... Hierarchical three-dimensional architectures of granphene-based materials with tailored microstructure and functionality exhibit unique mass transport behaviors and tunable active sites for various applications. The micro- /nanochannels in the porous structure can act as micro- /nano- reactors, which optimize the transport and conversion of contaminants. However, the size-effects of the micro- /na ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01728

11. In Silico Computational Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Endocrine Disruptors in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Author:
Basili, Danilo; Zhang, Ji-Liang; Herbert, John; Kroll, Kevin; Denslow, Nancy D.; Martyniuk, Christopher J.; Falciani, Francesco; Antczak, Philipp
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7553-7565
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Micropterus salmoides; animal ovaries; databases; dynamic models; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; environmental science; estradiol; females; fish communities; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; gonadosomatic index; liver; males; ovarian development; prediction; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; quercetin; transcription (genetics); transcriptomics; vitellogenin
Abstract:
... In recent years, decreases in fish populations have been attributed, in part, to the effect of environmental chemicals on ovarian development. To understand the underlying molecular events we developed a dynamic model of ovary development linking gene transcription to key physiological end points, such as gonadosomatic index (GSI), plasma levels of estradiol (E2) and vitellogenin (VTG), in largemo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b02805

12. Autotrophic Vanadium(V) Bioreduction in Groundwater by Elemental Sulfur and Zerovalent Iron

Author:
Zhang, Baogang; Qiu, Rui; Lu, Lu; Chen, Xi; He, Chao; Lu, Jianping; Ren, Zhiyong Jason
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7434-7442
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
autotrophs; bioremediation; genes; groundwater; groundwater contamination; heterotrophs; human health; iron; metabolites; microbial communities; sulfur; vanadium
Abstract:
... Vanadium (V) is an emerging contaminant in groundwater that can adversely affect human health. Although bioremediation has been shown effective, little is known on autotrophic V(V) bioreduction in the context of oligotrophic characteristics of groundwater. In this study, we demonstrate that efficient V(V) bioreductions can be coupled with bio-oxidation of elemental sulfur (S(0)) or zerovalent iron ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01317

13. Chlorinated and Brominated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Metallurgical Plants

Author:
Xu, Yang; Yang, Lili; Zheng, Minghui; Jin, Rong; Wu, Xiaolin; Li, Cui; Liu, Guorui
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7334-7342
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; aluminum; bromination; dioxins; environmental science; gas emissions; incinerators; industry; iron; lead; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; toxicity
Abstract:
... In this study, we investigated several metallurgical industries, including iron ore sintering, secondary aluminum smelting, and secondary lead smelting, as potential sources of Cl-PAHs and Br-PAHs. Stack gas emissions of 19 Cl-PAH and 19 Br-PAH congeners from the investigated metallurgical plants were in the ranges of 68.3–156 ng Nm–³ and 2.9–13.5 ng Nm–³, respectively. Cl/Br-PAHs in ambient air s ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01638

14. Correlation of crAssphage qPCR Markers with Culturable and Molecular Indicators of Human Fecal Pollution in an Impacted Urban Watershed

Author:
Stachler, Elyse; Akyon, Benay; de Carvalho, Nathalia Aquino; Ference, Christian; Bibby, Kyle
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7505-7512
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
quantitative polymerase chain reaction; public health; humans; monitoring; indicator species; sewage; Polyomaviridae; Enterococcus; pathogens; streams; watersheds; pollution; coliphages; rain; genetic markers; Escherichia coli
Abstract:
... Environmental waters are monitored for fecal pollution to protect public health. Many previously developed human-specific fecal pollution indicators lack adequate sensitivity to be reliably detected in environmental waters or do not correlate well with viral pathogens. Recently, two novel human sewage-associated source tracking qPCR markers were developed based on the bacteriophage crAssphage, CPQ ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00638

15. Humic-Like Substances (HULIS) in Aerosols of Central Tibetan Plateau (Nam Co, 4730 m asl): Abundance, Light Absorption Properties, and Sources

Author:
Wu, Guangming; Wan, Xin; Gao, Shaopeng; Fu, Pingqing; Yin, Yongguang; Li, Gang; Zhang, Guoshuai; Kang, Shichang; Ram, Kirpa; Cong, Zhiyuan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7203-7211
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorption; aerosols; altitude; biomass; burning; carbon; diurnal variation; emissions; environmental science; optical properties; oxidation; summer; winter; China; India
Abstract:
... Humic-like substances (HULIS) are major components of light-absorbing brown carbon that play an important role in Earth’s radiative balance. However, their concentration, optical properties, and sources are least understood over Tibetan Plateau (TP). In this study, the analysis of total suspended particulate (TSP) samples from central of TP (i.e., Nam Co) reveal that atmospheric HULIS are more abu ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01251

16. Modeling the Time-Variant Dietary Exposure of PCBs in China over the Period 1930 to 2100

Author:
Zhao, Shizhen; Breivik, Knut; Jones, Kevin C.; Sweetman, Andrew J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7371-7379
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
bioaccumulation; diet; dietary exposure; electronic wastes; emissions; exposure profile; females; human health; humans; models; polychlorinated biphenyls; China
Abstract:
... This study aimed for the first time to reconstruct historical exposure profiles for PCBs to the Chinese population, by examining the combined effect of changing temporal emissions and dietary transition. A long-term (1930–2100) dynamic simulation of human exposure using realistic emission scenarios, including primary emissions, unintentional emissions, and emissions from e-waste, combined with die ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01228

17. Identification of Degradation Pathways of Chlorohydrocarbons in Saturated Low-Permeability Sediments Using Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis

Author:
Wanner, Philipp; Parker, Beth L.; Chapman, Steven W.; Lima, Glaucia; Gilmore, Adam; Mack, E. Erin; Aravena, Ramon
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7296-7306
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquifers; carbon; carbon tetrachloride; chloroform; environmental fate; isotopes; mathematical models; methylene chloride; microorganisms; prediction; sediments
Abstract:
... This study aims to investigate whether compound-specific carbon isotope analysis (CSIA) can be used to differentiate the degradation pathways of chlorohydrocarbons in saturated low-permeability sediments. For that purpose, a site was selected, where a complex mixture of chlorohydrocarbons contaminated an aquifer–aquitard system. Almost 50 years after contaminant releases, high-resolution concentra ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01173

18. Modeling Ozone in the Eastern U.S. using a Fuel-Based Mobile Source Emissions Inventory

Author:
McDonald, Brian C.; McKeen, Stuart A.; Cui, Yu Yan; Ahmadov, Ravan; Kim, Si-Wan; Frost, Gregory J.; Pollack, Ilana B.; Peischl, Jeff; Ryerson, Thomas B.; Holloway, John S.; Graus, Martin; Warneke, Carsten; Gilman, Jessica B.; de Gouw, Joost A.; Kaiser, Jennifer; Keutsch, Frank N.; Hanisco, Thomas F.; Wolfe, Glenn M.; Trainer, Michael
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7360-7370
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
United States Environmental Protection Agency; carbon monoxide; emissions; environmental science; inventories; models; nitric oxide; nitrogen dioxide; ozone; uncertainty; volatile organic compounds; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... Recent studies suggest overestimates in current U.S. emission inventories of nitrogen oxides (NOₓ = NO + NO₂). Here, we expand a previously developed fuel-based inventory of motor-vehicle emissions (FIVE) to the continental U.S. for the year 2013, and evaluate our estimates of mobile source emissions with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) interpolated to ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00778

19. Molecular Structure Characterization of Riverine and Coastal Dissolved Organic Matter with Ion Mobility Quadrupole Time-of-Flight LCMS (IM Q-TOF LCMS)

Author:
Lu, Kaijun; Gardner, Wayne S.; Liu, Zhanfei
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7182-7191
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquatic environment; biochemical compounds; carbon sinks; coastal water; databases; dissolved organic matter; environmental science; geometry; isomers; liquid chromatography; rivers; spectrometers; Texas
Abstract:
... Deciphering molecular structures of dissolved organic matter (DOM) components is key to understanding the formation and transformation of this globally important carbon pool in aquatic environments. Such a task depends on the integrated use of complementary analytical techniques. We characterize the molecular structure of natural DOM using an ion mobility quadrupole time of flight liquid chromatog ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00999

20. A Cross-species Quantitative Adverse Outcome Pathway for Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Leading to Early Life Stage Mortality in Birds and Fishes

Author:
Doering, Jon A.; Wiseman, Steve; Giesy, John P.; Hecker, Markus
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.13 pp. 7524-7533
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adverse effects; adverse outcome pathways; birds; developmental stages; dose response; environmental science; fish; mortality; regression analysis; transcriptional activation
Abstract:
... Dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) elicit adverse effects through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Prior investigations demonstrated that sensitivity to activation of AHR1 in an in vitro AHR transactivation assay is predictive of early life stage mortality among birds. The present study investigated the link between sensitivity to activation of AHR1s and AHR2s and early life stage mort ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01438