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1. A Method for the Measurement of the Water Solubility Distribution of Atmospheric Organic Aerosols

Author:
Aikaterini Liangou; Kalliopi Florou; Magda Psichoudaki; Evangelia Kostenidou; Epameinondas Tsiligiannis; Spyros N. Pandis
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 3952-3959
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aerosols; biomass; environmental science; mass spectrometry; organic carbon; oxidation; water solubility
Abstract:
... A method for the measurement of the water solubility distribution of atmospheric organic aerosols is presented. This method is based on the extraction of organic aerosols collected on filters, using different amounts of water and measurement of the corresponding water-soluble organic carbon concentration. The solubility distribution is then estimated using the solubility basis set. The method was ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06854

2. A Neural Network-Assisted Euler Integrator for Stiff Kinetics in Atmospheric Chemistry

Author:
Yuanlong Huang; John H. Seinfeld
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4676-4685
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air pollution; algebra; algorithms; atmospheric chemistry; chemical reactions; models; technology
Abstract:
... Atmospheric chemistry, characterized by highly coupled sets of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), is dynamically stiff owing to the fact that both fast and slow processes exist simultaneously. We develop here a neural network-assisted Euler integrator for the kinetics of atmospheric chemical reactions. We show that the integral kernel of the chemical reaction system can be represented by a ne ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07648

3. A New Approach to Characterizing the Partitioning of Volatile Organic Compounds to Cotton Fabric

Author:
Jie Yu; Frank Wania; Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3365-3374
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; carbon; clothing; cotton fabric; desorption; environmental science; humans; inhalation exposure; mass spectrometry; solvation; technology; vapor pressure; volatile organic compounds; water solubility
Abstract:
... Chemical partitioning to surfaces can influence human exposure by various pathways, resulting in adverse health consequences. Clothing can act as a source, a barrier, or a transient reservoir for chemicals that can affect dermal and inhalation exposure rates. A few clothing-mediated exposure studies have characterized the accumulation of a select number of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08239

4. A Novel UVA/ClO₂ Advanced Oxidation Process for the Degradation of Micropollutants in Water

Author:
Jiadong Peng; Ran Yin; Xin Yang; Chii Shang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 1257-1266
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
chlorates; chlorine; chlorine dioxide; energy efficiency; kinetics; oxidants; oxidation; ozone; pH; photolysis; pollutants; simulation models; technology; ultraviolet radiation; wastewater
Abstract:
... Ultraviolet (UV)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are increasingly used for the degradation of micropollutants in water and wastewater. This study reports a novel UVA/chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) AOP based on the photolysis of ClO₂ using energy-efficient UV radiation sources in the UVA range (e.g., UVA-LEDs). At a ClO₂ dosage of 74 μM (5.0 mg L–¹ as ClO₂) and a UV fluence at 47.5 mJ cm–², the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05133

5. Absorption Enhancement of Black Carbon Aerosols Constrained by Mixing-State Heterogeneity

Author:
Jinghao Zhai; Xin Yang; Ling Li; Bin Bai; Pengfei Liu; Yuanlong Huang; Tzung-May Fu; Lei Zhu; Zhenzhong Zeng; Shu Tao; Xiaohui Lu; Xingnan Ye; Xiaofei Wang; Lin Wang; Jianmin Chen
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1586-1593
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorption; aerosols; carbon; environmental science; models; technology
Abstract:
... Atmospheric black carbon (BC) has a large yet highly uncertain contribution to global warming. When mixed with non-BC/coating material during atmospheric aging, the BC light absorption can be enhanced through the lensing effect. Laboratory and modeling studies have consistently found strong BC absorption enhancement, while the results in ambient measurements are conflicting, with some reporting we ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06180

6. Accelerated Degradation of Perfluorosulfonates and Perfluorocarboxylates by UV/Sulfite + Iodide: Reaction Mechanisms and System Efficiencies

Author:
Zekun Liu; Zhanghao Chen; Jinyu Gao; Yaochun Yu; Yujie Men; Cheng Gu; Jinyong Liu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3699-3709
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
environmental science; iodides; iodine; perfluorocarbons; sulfites; sulfonates; technology
Abstract:
... The addition of iodide (I–) in the UV/sulfite system (UV/S) significantly accelerated the reductive degradation of perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs, CₙF₂ₙ₊₁SO₃–) and perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs, CₙF₂ₙ₊₁COO–). Using the highly recalcitrant perfluorobutane sulfonate (C₄F₉SO₃–) as a probe, we optimized the UV/sulfite + iodide system (UV/S + I) to degrade n = 1–7 PFCAs and n = 4, 6, 8 PFSAs. In general, th ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07608

7. Accumulation and Speciation of Cobalt in Paracentrotus lividus

Author:
Benjamin Reeves; Maria Rosa Beccia; Aurélie Jeanson; Pier Lorenzo Solari; Bruno Siberchicot; Catherine Berthomieu; Didier Marcellin; Nicolas Bremond; Tamar Kerdikoshvili; Hervé Michel; Luisa Passeron Mangialajo; Marguerite Monfort; Christophe Moulin; Christophe Den Auwer
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3462-3470
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Paracentrotus lividus; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; cobalt; humans; industry; intestines; molecular dynamics; pollution; probability; seawater; technology
Abstract:
... Since the first human release of radionuclides on Earth at the end of the Second World War, impact assessments have been implemented. Radionuclides are now ubiquitous, and the impact of local accidental release on human activities, although of low probability, is of tremendous social and economic consequences. Although radionuclide inventories (at various scales) are essential as input data for im ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06702

8. Aerosol Proteinaceous Matter in Coastal Okinawa, Japan: Influence of Long-Range Transport and Photochemical Degradation

Author:
Xiaoying Li; Yingyi Zhang; Luhan Shi; Kimitaka Kawamura; Bhagawati Kunwar; Akinori Takami; Takemitsu Arakaki; Senchao Lai
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5256-5265
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Ryukyu Archipelago; aerosols; coasts; dominant species; environmental science; oxidation; ozone; photochemical reactions; technology; ultraviolet radiation; China; East China Sea; Mongolia; Pacific Rim; Yellow Sea
Abstract:
... The characteristics, sources, and atmospheric oxidation processes of marine aerosol proteinaceous matter (APM), including total proteins and free amino acids (FAAs), were investigated using a set of 1 year total suspended particulate (TSP) samples collected in the coastal area of Okinawa Island in the western North Pacific rim. The concentrations of APM at this site (total proteins: 0.16 ± 0.10 μg ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08658

9. Aging of Volatile Organic Compounds in October 2017 Northern California Wildfire Plumes

Author:
Yutong Liang; Robert J. Weber; Pawel K. Misztal; Coty N. Jen; Allen H. Goldstein
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1557-1567
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biomass; environmental science; furans; maleic anhydrides; mass spectrometry; organic carbon; oxidation; ozone; particulates; smoke; technology; terpenoids; urban areas; volatile organic compounds; wildfires; California
Abstract:
... In the western United States, the number and severity of large wildfires have been growing for decades. Biomass burning (BB) is a major source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere both globally and regionally. Following emission, BB VOCs are oxidized while being transported downwind, producing ozone, secondary organic aerosols, and secondary hazardous VOCs. In this research, we m ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05684

10. Alkali and Heavy Metal Copoisoning Resistant Catalytic Reduction of NOₓ via Liberating Lewis Acid Sites

Author:
Zhi Shen; Xiangyu Liu; Sarawoot Impeng; Chengbiao Zhang; Tingting Yan; Penglu Wang; Dengsong Zhang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5141-5149
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Lewis acids; adsorption; catalysts; environmental science; heavy metals; occupations; spectroscopy; technology
Abstract:
... The catalyst deactivation caused by the coexistence of alkali and heavy metals remains an obstacle for selective catalytic reduction of NOₓ with NH₃. Moreover, the copoisoning mechanism of alkali and heavy metals is still unclear. Herein, the copoisoning mechanism of K and Cd was revealed from the adsorption and variation of reaction intermediates at a molecular level through time-resolved in situ ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08096

11. Altered Larval Yellow Perch Swimming Behavior Due to Methylmercury and PCB126 Detected Using Hidden Markov Chain Models

Author:
Janice L. Albers; Juan P. Steibel; Rebekah H. Klingler; Lori N. Ivan; Natàlia Garcia-Reyero; Michael J. Carvan; Cheryl A. Murphy
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3514-3523
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Markov chain; Perca flavescens; analytical methods; animal behavior; ecotoxicology; environmental science; methylmercury compounds; neurodevelopment; neurotoxins; technology
Abstract:
... Fish swimming behavior is a commonly measured response in aquatic ecotoxicology because behavior is considered a whole organism-level effect that integrates many sensory systems. Recent advancements in animal behavior models, such as hidden Markov chain models (HMM), suggest an improved analytical approach for toxicology. Using both new and traditional approaches, we examined the sublethal effects ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07505

12. An Outdoor Aging Study to Investigate the Release of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Functional Textiles

Author:
Steffen Schellenberger; Ioannis Liagkouridis; Raed Awad; Stuart Khan; Merle Plassmann; Gregory Peters; Jonathan P. Benskin; Ian T. Cousins
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3471-3479
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
analytical methods; color; environmental science; fabrics; heat; molecular weight; perfluorocarbons; polyamides; solar radiation; wind; Australia
Abstract:
... The emission of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from functional textiles was investigated via an outdoor weathering experiment in Sydney, Australia. Polyamide (PA) textile fabrics treated with different water-repellent, side-chain fluorinated polymers (SFPs) were exposed on a rooftop to multiple natural stressors, including direct sunlight, precipitation, wind, and heat for 6-months. Af ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06812

13. Anaerobic Microbial Dechlorination of 6:2 Chlorinated Polyfluorooctane Ether Sulfonate and the Underlying Mechanisms

Author:
Shujun Yi; Nadia Morson; Elizabeth A. Edwards; Diwen Yang; Runzeng Liu; Lingyan Zhu; Scott A. Mabury
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 907-916
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Dehalobacter; Dehalococcoides; Geobacter; anaerobic digesters; aquifers; biosolids; dechlorination; metabolites; microbial communities; perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; sludge; sorption; sulfonates; wastewater
Abstract:
... The microbial transformation potential of 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorooctane ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA) was explored in anaerobic microbial systems. Microbial communities from anaerobic wastewater sludge, an anaerobic digester, and anaerobic dechlorinating cultures enriched from aquifer materials reductively dechlorinated 6:2 Cl-PFESA to 6:2 hydrogen-substituted polyfluorooctane ether sulfonate ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05475

14. Analysis of Ozonation Processes Using Coupled Modeling of Fluid Dynamics, Mass Transfer, and Chemical Reaction Kinetics

Author:
Boyue Lian; Qi Jiang; Shikha Garg; Yuan Wang; Yuting Yuan; T. David Waite
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4377-4385
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
formates; hydrodynamics; hydroxyl radicals; industrial wastewater; interphase; mass transfer; models; oxidation; ozonation; ozone; reaction kinetics; stoichiometry; technology
Abstract:
... The efficacy of oxidation of recalcitrant organic contaminants in municipal and industrial wastewaters by ozonation is influenced by chemical reaction kinetics and hydrodynamics within a reactor. A 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model incorporating both multiphase flow and reaction kinetics describing ozone decay, hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation, and organic oxidation was developed to sim ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07694

15. Anthraquinone-2-Sulfonate as a Microbial Photosensitizer and Capacitor Drives Solar-to-N₂O Production with a Quantum Efficiency of Almost Unity

Author:
Man Chen; Quanhua Cai; Xiangyu Chen; Shaofu Huang; Qinyuan Feng; Tetsuro Majima; Raymond Jianxiong Zeng; Shungui Zhou
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5161-5169
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Thiobacillus denitrificans; anthraquinones; biocompatible materials; capacitors; electron transfer; energy conversion; nitrate reduction; nitrates; photochemical reactions; photosensitizing agents; photosynthesis; reaction kinetics; solar energy; technology; wastewater
Abstract:
... Semiartificial photosynthesis shows great potential in solar energy conversion and environmental application. However, the rate-limiting step of photoelectron transfer at the biomaterial interface results in an unsatisfactory quantum yield (QY, typically lower than 3%). Here, an anthraquinone molecule, which has dual roles of microbial photosensitizer and capacitor, was demonstrated to negotiate t ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08710

16. Anthropogenic Drivers of Variation in Concentrations of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Otters (Lutra lutra) from England and Wales

Author:
Emily O’Rourke; Juliet Hynes; Sara Losada; Jonathan L. Barber; M. Glória Pereira; Eleanor F. Kean; Frank Hailer; Elizabeth A. Chadwick
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1675-1687
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Lutra lutra; arable soils; manufacturing; perfluorononanoic acid; perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; perfluorooctanoic acid; pollution; polytetrafluoroethylene; sewage; wastewater treatment; wildlife; England
Abstract:
... Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been linked to adverse health effects in wildlife and humans. Here, we report the presence of PFASs in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in England and Wales and their association with anthropogenic sources. The following 15 compounds were analyzed: 10 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), 4 perfluoroalk ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05410

17. Anthropogenic Emission Sources of Sulfate Aerosols in Hangzhou, East China: Insights from Isotope Techniques with Consideration of Fractionation Effects between Gas-to-Particle Transformations

Author:
Yu-Chi Lin; Mingyuan Yu; Feng Xie; Yanlin Zhang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 3905-3914
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
ambient temperature; cities; climate; coal; combustion; environmental science; fractionation; heat; oils; sulfates; sulfur; traffic; winter; China
Abstract:
... Sulfate (SO₄²–) is a major species in atmospheric fine particles (PM₂.₅), inducing haze formation and influencing Earth’s climate. In this study, the δ³⁴S values in PM₂.₅ sulfate (δ³⁴S-SO₄²–) were measured in Hangzhou, east China, from 2015 September to 2016 October. The result showed that the δ³⁴S-SO₄²– values varied from 1.6 to 6.4‰ with the higher values in the winter. The estimated fractionati ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05823

18. Antibiotic Chlortetracycline Causes Transgenerational Immunosuppression via NF-κB

Author:
Wenhui Qiu; Bei Chen; Liang Tang; Chunmiao Zheng; Bentuo Xu; Zhiyu Liu; Jason T. Magnuson; Shuwen Zhang; Daniel Schlenk; Elvis Genbo Xu; Baoshan Xing
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4251-4261
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Danio rerio; antagonists; chlortetracycline; environmental science; fish; immune response; immunosuppression; immunotoxicity; macrophages; models; neutrophils; progeny; risk; technology
Abstract:
... The extensive and increasing global use of antibiotics results in the ubiquitous presence of antibiotics in the environment, which has made them “pseudo persistent organic contaminants.” Despite numerous studies showing wide adverse effects of antibiotics on organisms, the chronic environmental risk of their exposure is unknown, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of antibiotic toxicity rema ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07343

19. Applicability Domain of Polyparameter Linear Free Energy Relationship Models Evaluated by Leverage and Prediction Interval Calculation

Author:
Satoshi Endo
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5572-5579
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Gibbs free energy; data collection; environmental science; prediction; technology
Abstract:
... Polyparameter linear free energy relationships (PP-LFERs) are accurate and robust models employed to predict equilibrium partition coefficients (K) of organic chemicals. The accuracy of predictions by a PP-LFER depends on the composition of the respective calibration data set. Generally, extrapolation outside the domain defined by the calibration data is likely to be less accurate than interpolati ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00865

20. Aqueous Iron(IV)–Oxo Complex: An Emerging Powerful Reactive Oxidant Formed by Iron(II)-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes for Oxidative Water Treatment

Author:
Zhen Wang; Wei Qiu; Su-yan Pang; Qin Guo; Chaoting Guan; Jin Jiang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1492-1509
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Lewis acids; electron transfer; environmental science; hydrides; hydroxyl radicals; iron; oxidants; oxidation; sulfates; water treatment
Abstract:
... High-valent iron(IV)–oxo complexes are of great significance as reactive intermediates implicated in diverse chemical and biological systems. The aqueous iron(IV)–oxo complex (FeₐqᴵⱽO²⁺) is the simplest but one of the most powerful ferryl ion species, which possesses a high-spin state, high reduction potential, and long lifetime. It has been well documented that FeₐqᴵⱽO²⁺ reacts with organic compo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c04530

21. Artificial Intelligence Approach for Estimating Dairy Methane Emissions

Author:
Seongeun Jeong; Marc L. Fischer; Hanna Breunig; Alison R. Marklein; Francesca M. Hopkins; Sebastien C. Biraud
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 4849-4858
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
anaerobic digesters; artificial intelligence; dairy industry; environmental science; greenhouse gases; herd size; humans; inventories; methane; remote sensing; California
Abstract:
... California’s dairy sector accounts for ∼50% of anthropogenic CH₄ emissions in the state’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emission inventory. Although California dairy facilities’ location and herd size vary over time, atmospheric inverse modeling studies rely on decade-old facility-scale geospatial information. For the first time, we apply artificial intelligence (AI) to aerial imagery to estimate dairy CH₄ ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08802

22. Artificial Light Pollution with Different Wavelengths at Night Interferes with Development, Reproduction, and Antipredator Defenses of Daphnia magna

Author:
Da Li; Jing Huang; Qiming Zhou; Lei Gu; Yunfei Sun; Lu Zhang; Zhou Yang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1702-1712
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Daphnia magna; antipredatory behavior; body length; eyes; fish; freshwater crustaceans; instars; kairomones; life tables; lighting; pollution; reproduction; sexual maturity; tail; zooplankton
Abstract:
... Artificial light at night (ALAN) dramatically alters the natural daily cycle of light and may cause a suite of physiological and behavioral responses of freshwater crustacean Daphnia. Here, we conducted a life table experiment to investigate the effect of different wavelengths [white (L-L, 400–800 nm), red (R, 614 nm), green (G, 527 nm), and blue (B, 447 nm)] and flashing modes [three colors flash ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06286

23. Assessing Unconventional Oil and Gas Exposure in the Appalachian Basin: Comparison of Exposure Surrogates and Residential Drinking Water Measurements

Author:
Cassandra J. Clark; Boya Xiong; Mario A. Soriano; Kristina Gutchess; Helen G. Siegel; Emma C. Ryan; Nicholaus P. Johnson; Kelsie Cassell; Elise G. Elliott; Yunpo Li; Austin J. Cox; Nicolette Bugher; Lukas Glist; Rebecca J. Brenneis; Keli M. Sorrentino; Julie Plano; Xiaomei Ma; Joshua L. Warren; Desiree L. Plata; James E. Saiers; Nicole C. Deziel
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 1091-1103
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
United States Environmental Protection Agency; basins; benzene; confidence interval; groundwater; groundwater flow; odds ratio; oils; technology; toluene; water pollution; xylene; Ohio; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Health studies report associations between metrics of residential proximity to unconventional oil and gas (UOG) development and adverse health endpoints. We investigated whether exposure through household groundwater is captured by existing metrics and a newly developed metric incorporating groundwater flow paths. We compared metrics with detection frequencies/concentrations of 64 organic and inor ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05081

24. Assessing the Lability and Environmental Mobility of Organically Bound Copper by Stable Isotope Dilution

Author:
Ezzat R. Marzouk; Erica Donner; Frank von der Kammer; Elizabeth H. Bailey; Waleed H. Shetaya; Scott D. Young; Enzo Lombi
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5580-5589
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
environmental science; gel chromatography; isotope dilution technique; organic matter; risk assessment; stable isotopes; technology; toxicity
Abstract:
... The environmental mobility of Cu and therefore its potential toxicity are closely linked to its attachment to natural organic matter (NOM). Geochemical models assume full lability of metals bound to NOM, especially under strong oxidizing conditions, which often leads to an overestimation of the lability of soil metals. Stable isotope dilution (SID) has been successfully applied to estimate the lab ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00964

25. Assessment of Non-Occupational 1,4-Dioxane Exposure Pathways from Drinking Water and Product Use

Author:
Daniel Dawson; Hunter Fisher; Abigail E. Noble; Qingyu Meng; Anne Cooper Doherty; Yuko Sakano; Daniel Vallero; Rogelio Tornero-Velez; Elaine A. Cohen Hubal
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5266-5275
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
United States Environmental Protection Agency; byproducts; environmental protection; human health; humans; industrial wastes; people; risk; technology; water pollution
Abstract:
... 1,4-Dioxane is a persistent and mobile organic chemical that has been found by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to be an unreasonable risk to human health in some occupational contexts. 1,4-Dioxane is released into the environment as industrial waste and occurs in some personal-care products as an unintended byproduct. However, limited exposure assessments have been conduc ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06996

26. Asymmetric and Symmetric Redox Flow Batteries for Energy-Efficient, High-Recovery Water Desalination

Author:
Gowri Mohandass; Weikun Chen; Sitaraman Krishnan; Taeyoung Kim
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4477-4488
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
brackish water; citrates; cyanides; desalination; electric potential difference; electrochemistry; energy efficiency; environmental science; freshwater; infrastructure; power generation; solar energy
Abstract:
... Electrochemical separation offers an energy-efficient means to desalinate brackish water, a relatively untapped but increasingly utilized water source for freshwater supply. Several electrochemical techniques are being developed to enable low-energy desalination combined with energy storage. We report a new approach that produced a peak power density of 6.0 mW cm–² from the energy stored in iron c ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08609

27. Beyond the Tip of the Iceberg: Suspect Screening Reveals Point Source-Specific Patterns of Emerging and Novel Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in German and Chinese Rivers

Author:
Hanna Joerss; Frank Menger; Jianhui Tang; Ralf Ebinghaus; Lutz Ahrens
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5456-5465
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
environmental science; perfluorocarbons; polymers; river water; rivers; sulfonic acids; technology; watersheds; Europe
Abstract:
... Only a few dozens of the several thousand existing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are monitored using conventional target analysis. This study employed suspect screening to examine patterns of emerging and novel PFAS in German and Chinese river water affected by industrial point sources. In total, 86 PFAS were (tentatively) identified and grouped into 18 structure categories. Homologue ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07987

28. Biodegradation of Terrigenous Organic Matter in a Stratified Large-Volume Water Column: Implications of the Removal of Terrigenous Organic Matter in the Coastal Ocean

Author:
Xilin Xiao; Leanne C. Powers; Jihua Liu; Michael Gonsior; Rui Zhang; Lianbao Zhang; Hugh L. MacIntyre; Xiaowei Chen; Chen Hu; John Batt; Qiang Shi; Dapeng Xu; Yao Zhang; Nianzhi Jiao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5234-5246
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aromatic compounds; bacterial communities; biodegradation; carbon sequestration; community structure; environmental science; fluorescence; oxygen consumption; photobleaching; technology
Abstract:
... Large amounts of terrigenous organic matter (TOM) are delivered to the ocean every year. However, removal processes of TOM in the ocean are still poorly constrained. Here, we report results from a 339-day dark incubation experiment with a unique system holding a vertically stratified freshwater–seawater column. The quality and quantity of dissolved organic matter (DOM), RNA-based size-fraction mic ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08317

29. Biotemplate Fabrication of Hollow Tubular CeₓSr₁–ₓTiO₃ with Regulable Surface Acidity and Oxygen Mobility for Efficient Destruction of Chlorobenzene: Intrinsic Synergy Effect and Reaction Mechanism

Author:
Yukun Sun; Shuai Xu; Bo Bai; Lu Li; Yu Kang; Xingquan Hu; Zehuihuang Liao; Chi He
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5796-5807
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Lewis acids; Platanus; acidity; byproducts; carbon dioxide; chlorine; chlorobenzene; dechlorination; desorption; electron transfer; fruits; oxidation; oxygen; reaction mechanisms; technology; vegetation; wastes
Abstract:
... Developing economic and applicable catalysts with elegant chlorine resistance and organic byproduct inhibition capability is of great significance for chlorinated volatile organic compounds (Cl-VOCs) eco-friendly purification. Here, ternary CeₓSr₁–ₓTiO₃ catalysts with tunable surface acidity and oxygen species mobility were creatively fabricated using the hollow tubular-structured fruit hair of Pl ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00270

30. Biotransformation of 2D Nanomaterials through Stimulated Bacterial Respiration-Produced Extracellular Reactive Oxygen Species: A Common but Overlooked Process

Author:
Shuyi Shen; Weining Sun; Kun Yang; Haichun Gao; Daohui Lin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5508-5519
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli; Shewanella oneidensis; biotransformation; environmental fate; hydrazine; nanosheets; oxidation; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... The biotransformation of 2D nanomaterials is still poorly understood, although their environmental fates are becoming an increasing concern with their broad applications. Here, we found that Ti₃C₂Tₓ nanosheets, a typical 2D nanomaterial, could be oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Shewanella oneidensis) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtili ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08481

31. Bromine Radical (Br• and Br₂•–) Reactivity with Dissolved Organic Matter and Brominated Organic Byproduct Formation

Author:
Yu Lei; Xin Lei; Paul Westerhoff; Xingyu Tong; Jianing Ren; Yangjian Zhou; Shuangshuang Cheng; Gangfeng Ouyang; Xin Yang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5189-5199
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
bromination; bromine; byproducts; dissolved organic matter; electron transfer; environmental science; kinetics; water treatment
Abstract:
... Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a major scavenger of bromine radicals (e.g., Br• and Br₂•–) in sunlit surface waters and during oxidative processes used in water treatment. However, the literature lacks quantitative measurements of reaction rate constants between bromine radicals and DOM and lacks information on the extent to which these reactions form brominated organic byproducts. Based on tra ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00549

32. CRISPR-Cas12a-Based Aptasensor for On-Site and Highly Sensitive Detection of Microcystin-LR in Freshwater

Author:
Yuliang Kang; Gaoxing Su; Yanyan Yu; Jiajia Cao; Jiali Wang; Bing Yan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4101-4110
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
CRISPR-Cas systems; DNA; aptasensors; detection limit; environmental monitoring; fluorescence; freshwater; magnetism; microcystin-LR; oligonucleotides; pollutants; technology; temperature
Abstract:
... On-site monitoring of trace organic pollutants with facile methods is critical to environmental pollutant prevention and control. Herein, we proposed a CRISPR-Cas12a-based aptasensor platform (named as MC-LR-Casor) for on-site and sensitive detection of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). After hybridization with blocker DNA, the MC-LR aptamers were conjugated to magnetic beads (MBs) to get the MB aptasensor. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06733

33. Can International Nonsewered Sanitation Standards Help Solve the Global Sanitation Crisis?

Author:
Clément A Cid; Francine Abiola; Markus Starkl
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 699-706
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; excreta; human health; humans; sanitation; sludge; technology
Abstract:
... To address one of the most severe global challenges affecting human health and the environment, two new voluntary product standards (ISO 30500 and ISO 31800) for nonsewered sanitation systems (NSSS) and fecal sludge treatment units (FSTUs) have been developed and published. While providing stringent voluntary product requirements for the containment and the treatment of human excreta with safe out ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c03471

34. Can We Arrest the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance? The Differences between the Effects of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Ions

Author:
Huiru Zhao; Meiling Wang; Yueting Cui; Chengdong Zhang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5090-5101
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
DNA replication; anaerobiosis; antibiotic resistance; ciprofloxacin; environmental science; folic acid; methionine; multiple drug resistance; nanosilver; oxidative stress; selection pressure; silver; stress response; virulence
Abstract:
... Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are effective antimicrobial substances that show promise in combatting multidrug resistance. The potential application and release of AgNPs into the environment may neutralize the selective advantage of antibiotic resistance. Systemic knowledge regarding the effect of NPs on the evolution of antibiotic resistance is lacking. Our results showed that bacteria slowly deve ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00116

35. Canopy-Level Flux and Vertical Gradients of Hg⁰ Stable Isotopes in Remote Evergreen Broadleaf Forest Show Year-Around Net Hg⁰ Deposition

Author:
Bo Wang; Wei Yuan; Xun Wang; Kai Li; Che-Jen Lin; Ping Li; Zhiyun Lu; Xinbin Feng; Jonas Sommar
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5950-5959
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
deciduous forests; environmental science; hardwood forests; montane forests; spring; technology
Abstract:
... Vegetation uptake represents the dominant route of Hg input to terrestrial ecosystems. However, this plant-directed sink is poorly constrained due to the challenges in measuring the net Hg⁰ exchange on the ecosystem scale over a long period. Particularly important is the contribution in the subtropics/tropics, where the bulk (∼70%) of the Hg⁰ deposition is considered to occur. Using the relaxed ed ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00778

36. Capillary-Assisted Fabrication of Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes for Improved Solute–Solute Separation

Author:
Yangying Zhao; Xin Tong; Juhee Kim; Tiezheng Tong; Ching-Hua Huang; Yongsheng Chen
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5849-5859
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
coordination polymers; crosslinking; municipal wastewater; nanocomposites; nanofiltration; polyamides; polymerization; solutes
Abstract:
... Efficient separation of harmful contaminants (e.g., per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFASs) from valuable components (water and nutrients) is essential to the resource recovery from domestic wastewater for agricultural purposes. Such selective recovery requires precise separation at the angstrom scale. Although nanofiltration (NF) has the potential to achieve solute–solute separation, the stat ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c01728
CHORUS:
10.1021/acs.est.2c01728

37. Caribbean Lead and Mercury Pollution Archived in a Crater Lake

Author:
Colin A. Cooke; Jason H. Curtis; William F. Kenney; Paul Drevnick; Peter E. Siegel
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1736-1742
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
atmospheric deposition; ecosystems; lakes; land use and land cover maps; lead; mercury; organic matter; pollution; sediments; technology; watersheds; Caribbean; Grenada
Abstract:
... Lead and mercury have long histories of anthropogenic use and release to the environment extending into preindustrial times. Yet, the timing, magnitude, and persistence of preindustrial emissions remain enigmatic, especially for mercury. Here, we quantify tropical lead and mercury deposition over the past ∼3000 years using a well-dated sediment core from a small crater lake (Lake Antoine, Grenada) ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06791

38. Catalyst-Free Periodate Activation by Solar Irradiation for Bacterial Disinfection: Performance and Mechanisms

Author:
Fuyang Liu; Zhengmao Li; Qiqi Dong; Chenyi Nie; Shuai Wang; Boaiqi Zhang; Peng Han; Meiping Tong
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4413-4424
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Bacillus subtilis; DNA; Escherichia coli; cell membranes; detection limit; disinfection; environmental science; humic acids; irradiation; oxidation; pH; rivers; solar radiation; water treatment
Abstract:
... Periodate (PI)-based advanced oxidation process has recently attracted great attention in the water treatment processes. In this study, solar irradiation was used for PI activation to disinfect waterborne bacteria. The PI/solar irradiation system could inactivate Escherichia coli below the limit of detection (LOD, 10 CFU mL–¹) with initial concentrations of 1 × 10⁶, 1 × 10⁷, and 1 × 10⁸ CFU mL–¹ w ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08268

39. Century-Long Homogenization of Algal Communities Is Accelerated by Nutrient Enrichment and Climate Warming in Lakes and Reservoirs of the North Temperate Zone

Author:
Shouliang Huo; Hanxiao Zhang; Marie-Eve Monchamp; Rong Wang; Nanyan Weng; Jingtian Zhang; Hong Zhang; Fengchang Wu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3780-3790
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
DNA; eutrophication; homogenization; lakes; phytoplankton; poisonous algae; sediments; temperate zones
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic pressures can threaten lake and reservoir ecosystems, leading to harmful algal blooms that have become globally widespread. However, patterns of phytoplankton diversity change and community assembly over long-term scales remain unknown. Here, we explore biodiversity patterns in eukaryotic algal (EA) and cyanobacterial (CYA) communities over a century by sequencing DNA preserved in th ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06958

40. Changes in Chemical Composition and Copepod Toxicity during Petroleum Photo-oxidation

Author:
Samuel D. Katz; Haining Chen; David M. Fields; Erin C. Beirne; Phoebe Keyes; Greg T. Drozd; Christoph Aeppli
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5552-5562
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Acartia tonsa; Calanus finmarchicus; alkanes; bioaccumulation; biomimetics; chemical composition; irradiation; lipids; mortality; oil spills; oils; petroleum; photooxidation; solubility; toxicity
Abstract:
... Photoproducts can be formed rapidly in the initial phase of a marine oil spill. However, their toxicity is not well understood. In this study, oil was irradiated, chemically characterized, and tested for toxicity in three copepod species (Acartia tonsa, Temora longicornis, and Calanus finmarchicus). Irradiation led to a depletion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes in oil resi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00251

41. Characterization of Ambient Air Quality in Selected Urban Areas in Uganda Using Low-Cost Sensing and Measurement Technologies

Author:
Deo Okure; Joel Ssematimba; Richard Sserunjogi; Nancy Lozano Gracia; Maria Edisa Soppelsa; Engineer Bainomugisha
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3324-3339
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acute exposure; air pollution; air quality; citizen science; issues and policy; particulates; pollutants; technology; Uganda
Abstract:
... Air pollution is prevalent in cities and urban centers in developing countries including sub-Saharan Africa, but ground monitoring data on local pollution remain inadequate, hindering effective mitigation. We employed low-cost sensing and measurement technologies to quantify pollution levels based on particulate matter (PM₂.₅), NO₂, and O₃ over a 6 month period for selected urban centers in three ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c01443

42. Characterization of Atmospheric Processes of Brevetoxins in Sea Spray Aerosols from Red Tide Events

Author:
Karen Sem; Myoseon Jang; Richard Pierce; Patricia Blum; Zechen Yu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1811-1819
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Karenia brevis; aerosols; algal blooms; brevetoxins; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; high performance liquid chromatography; longevity; oxidation; ozonolysis; photochemistry; seawater; solar radiation; tandem mass spectrometry; Florida
Abstract:
... Atmospheric processes can affect the longevity of harmful toxins in sea spray aerosols (SSA). This study characterized the degradation of brevetoxin (BTx) in SSA under different environmental conditions. The samples of seawater collected during a Karenia brevis bloom in Manasota, Florida, were nebulized into a large outdoor photochemical chamber to mimic the atmospheric oxidation of aerosolized to ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05740

43. Characterization of Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances Present in Commercial Anti-fog Products and Their In Vitro Adipogenic Activity

Author:
Nicholas J. Herkert; Christopher D. Kassotis; Sharon Zhang; Yuling Han; Vivek Francis Pulikkal; Mei Sun; P. Lee Ferguson; Heather M. Stapleton
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 1162-1173
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
cytotoxicity; environmental science; fluorine; mice; polymers; technology; triacylglycerols; water vapor
Abstract:
... Anti-fog sprays and solutions are used on eyeglasses to minimize the condensation of water vapor, particularly while wearing a mask. Given their water-repellent properties, we sought to characterize per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substance (PFAS) compounds in four anti-fog spray products, five anti-fog cloth products, and two commercial fluorosurfactant formulations suspected to be used in prepari ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06990

44. Characterizing Differences in Sources of and Contributions to Fecal Contamination of Sediment and Surface Water with the Microbial FIT Framework

Author:
Corinne Wiesner-Friedman; Rachelle E. Beattie; Jill R. Stewart; Krassimira R. Hristova; Marc L. Serre
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4231-4240
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
cattle; land cover; pollution control; public health; rivers; sediment contamination; sediments; stream channels; surface water
Abstract:
... Surface water monitoring and microbial source tracking (MST) are used to identify host sources of fecal pollution and protect public health. However, knowledge of the locations of spatial sources and their relative impacts on the environment is needed to effectively mitigate health risks. Additionally, sediment samples may offer time-integrated information compared to transient surface water. Thus ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00224

45. Circadian Rhythm and Neurotransmitters Are Potential Pathways through Which Ocean Acidification and Warming Affect the Metabolism of Thick-Shell Mussels

Author:
Yu Tang; Xueying Du; Shuge Sun; Wei Shi; Yu Han; Weishang Zhou; Jiongming Zhang; Shuangshuang Teng; Peng Ren; Guangxu Liu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4324-4335
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Mytilus coruscus; acetylcholinesterase; acidification; ammonia; circadian rhythm; energy; excretion; metabolism; mussels; neurotransmitters; ocean acidification; oxygen consumption; pyruvate kinase; technology
Abstract:
... Although the impacts of ocean acidification and warming on marine organisms have been increasingly documented, little is known about the affecting mechanism underpinning their interactive impacts on physiological processes such as metabolism. Therefore, the effects of these two stressors on metabolism were investigated in thick-shell mussel Mytilus coruscus in this study. In addition, because meta ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06735

46. Climate Change Impacts on Urban Sanitation: A Systematic Review and Failure Mode Analysis

Author:
Leonie Hyde-Smith; Zhe Zhan; Katy Roelich; Anna Mdee; Barbara Evans
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5306-5321
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
climate; climate change; infrastructure; sanitation; sludge; systematic review; technology
Abstract:
... Climate change will stress urban sanitation systems. Although urban sanitation uses various infrastructure types and service systems, current research appears skewed toward a small subset of cases. We conducted a systematic literature review to critically appraise the evidence for climate change impacts on all urban sanitation system types. We included road-based transport networks, an essential p ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07424

47. Combined Effects of Fe(III)-Bearing Nontronite and Organic Ligands on Biogenic U(IV) Oxidation

Author:
Qingyin Xia; Qusheng Jin; Yu Chen; Limin Zhang; Xiaoxu Li; Sheng He; Dongyi Guo; Juan Liu; Hailiang Dong
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1983-1993
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
EDTA (chelating agent); citrates; clay; deferoxamine; ligands; longevity; oxidation; pH; radioactive waste; remediation; siderophores; technology; uranium
Abstract:
... Bioreduction of soluble U(VI) to sparingly soluble U(IV) solids was proposed as a remediation method for uranium contamination. Therefore, the stability and longevity of biogenic U(IV) are critical to the success of uranium remediation. However, co-occurrence of clay minerals and organic ligands could potentially reoxidize U(IV) to U(VI). Herein, we report a combined effect of Fe(III)-rich nontron ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c04946

48. Combining Machine Learning and Numerical Simulation for High-Resolution PM₂.₅ Concentration Forecast

Author:
Jianzhao Bi; K. Emma Knowland; Christoph A. Keller; Yang Liu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1544-1556
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; algorithms; mathematical models; pollution; time series analysis; uncertainty; China
Abstract:
... Forecasting ambient PM₂.₅ concentrations with spatiotemporal coverage is key to alerting decision makers of pollution episodes and preventing detrimental public exposure, especially in regions with limited ground air monitoring stations. The existing methods rely on either chemical transport models (CTMs) to forecast spatial distribution of PM₂.₅ with nontrivial uncertainty or statistical algorith ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05578

49. Common Single-Use Consumer Plastic Products Release Trillions of Sub-100 nm Nanoparticles per Liter into Water during Normal Use

Author:
Christopher D. Zangmeister; James G. Radney; Kurt D. Benkstein; Berc Kalanyan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5448-5455
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
beverages; environmental science; humans; nylon; polyethylene; water temperature
Abstract:
... This study demonstrates that commonly used consumer products such as single-use food grade nylon bags and hot beverage cups lined with low-density polyethylene release nanometer-sized plastic particles at number densities >10¹² L–¹ when exposed to water. The number of particles released was a function of the initial water temperature (high temperature vs ambient) for each of the tested materials. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06768

50. Competitive Uptake of Dimethylamine and Trimethylamine against Ammonia on Acidic Particles in Marine Atmospheres

Author:
Dihui Chen; Xiaohong Yao; Chak Keung Chan; Xiaomeng Tian; Yangxi Chu; Simon Leslie Clegg; Yanjie Shen; Yang Gao; Huiwang Gao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5430-5439
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aerosols; air; ammonia; chromatography; coasts; dimethylamine; environmental science; models; standard deviation; technology; thermodynamics; trimethylamine; China
Abstract:
... Alkaline gases such as NH₃ and amines play important roles in neutralizing acidic particles in the atmosphere. Here, two common gaseous amines (dimethylamine (DMA) and trimethylamine (TMA)), NH₃, and their corresponding ions in PM₂.₅ were measured semicontinuously using an ambient ion monitor-ion chromatography (AIM-IC) system in marine air during a round-trip cruise of approximately 4000 km along ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08713

51. Complex Bilateral Interactions Determine the Fate of Polystyrene Micro- and Nanoplastics and Soil Protists: Implications from a Soil Amoeba

Author:
Siyi Zhang; Zhenzhen He; Chenyuan Wu; Zihe Wang; Yingwen Mai; Ruiwen Hu; Xiaojie Zhang; Wei Huang; Yuehui Tian; Dehua Xia; Cheng Wang; Qingyun Yan; Zhili He; Longfei Shu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 4936-4949
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Amoeba; Dictyostelium discoideum; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; biodegradation; edaphic factors; energy; environmental science; morphogenesis; nanoplastics; oxidation; phagocytosis; polystyrenes; protists; slugs; soil; soil ecosystems
Abstract:
... Nano- and microplastics have become a serious global concern, threatening our living environments. Previous studies have shown that many organisms, including bacteria, animals, and plants, can be affected by microplastics. However, little is known about one ecologically important group of soil organisms, the protists. In this study, we investigated how polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics interacte ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06178

52. Comprehensive Effect of Oxidant Addition in an FGD Slurry on the Removal and Distribution of Selenium: A Field Study

Author:
Qiyu Weng; Xiongwei Tian; Huiqing Wang; Xusheng Wu; Shujuan Wang; Yuqun Zhuo; Yaming Fan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3544-3551
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
coal; environmental science; flue gas desulfurization; gypsum; leachates; liquids; oxidants; redox potential; selenium; slurries
Abstract:
... Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) scrubbers capture selenium in coal-fired power plants, leading to a high concentration of selenium in the slurry. This research proves that SO₃²– is preferentially oxidized compared to SeO₃²– by S₂O₈²–. With the increase in the oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) caused by S₂O₈²– addition, the conversion rate of SO₃²– increased and the size of gypsum grains grew from ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07708

53. Comprehensive Evaluation of Dietary Exposure and Health Risk of Polychlorinated Naphthalenes

Author:
Cui Li; Lei Zhang; Qiuting Yang; Yongning Wu; Minghui Zheng; Lili Yang; Bing Lyu; Xiaoyun Liu; Rong Jin; Yuxiang Sun; Changzhi Chen; Yujue Yang; Linjun Qin; Bingcheng Lin; Da Li; Jingguang Li; Guorui Liu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5520-5529
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
chlorinated naphthalenes; dietary exposure; environmental science; humans; risk; technology; toxicity
Abstract:
... Intake from food is considered an important route of human exposure to polychlorinated naphthalenes. To our knowledge, several studies have quantified dietary exposure but only in European countries and measuring only a few of the 75 congeners. In addition, the influence of source diversity on human exposure has seldom been assessed. We analyzed 192 composite food samples composed of 17,280 subsam ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08614

54. Construction of Confined Bifunctional 2D Material for Efficient Sulfur Resource Recovery and Hg²⁺ Adsorption in Desulfurization

Author:
Lei Xing; Meng Li; Tieyue Qi; Liang Mao; Zhigang Hu; En Zhang; Guang-Ping Hao; Boyang Mao; Lidong Wang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4531-4541
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; carbon; catalysts; catalytic activity; cost effectiveness; desulfurization; economic feasibility; energy efficiency; environmental science; heat; industry; mercury; nanosheets; oxidation; risk; sulfates; sulfites; sulfur
Abstract:
... Substantial energy penalty of valuable sulfate recovery restricts the efficiency of wet desulfurization and increases the risk of Hg⁰ reemission. Although the enhanced sulfite oxidation rate with cobalt-based materials can increase the energy efficiency, inactivation and poisoning of catalyst due to the competition of reactant must be addressed. Here we obtained a superwetting two-dimensional coba ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00377

55. Contrasting Impacts of Photochemical and Microbial Processing on the Photoreactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter in an Adirondack Lake Watershed

Author:
Joseph Wasswa; Charles T. Driscoll; Teng Zeng
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1688-1701
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biodegradation; dissolved organic matter; energy; environmental science; irradiation; lakes; leaves; photolysis; singlet oxygen; soil; watersheds; New York
Abstract:
... Photochemical and microbial processing are the prevailing mechanisms that shape the composition and reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM); however, prior research has not comparatively evaluated the impacts of these processes on the photoproduction of reactive intermediates (RIs) from freshly sourced terrestrial DOM. We performed controlled irradiation and incubation experiments with leaf a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06047

56. Contribution, Composition, and Structure of EPS by In Vivo Exposure to Elucidate the Mechanisms of Nanoparticle-Enhanced Bioremediation to Metals

Author:
Xiufeng Cao; Liang Xu; Yung Pin Chen; Alan W. Decho; Zhaojie Cui; Jamie R. Lead
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 896-906
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Halomonas; adsorption; bioremediation; glucose; iron oxides; mannose; polysaccharides; polyvinylpyrrolidone
Abstract:
... Bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have been recently found to contribute most for metal removal in nanoenhanced bioremediation. However, the mechanism by which NPs affect EPS–metal interactions is not fully known. Here, Halomonas sp. was employed to explore the role of EPS after in vivo exposure to Cd/Pb and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs, 20 mg ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05326

57. Cryptic Sulfur and Oxygen Cycling Potentially Reduces N₂O-Driven Greenhouse Warming: Underlying Revision Need of the Nitrogen Cycle

Author:
Bo Shao; Ruochen Zhang; Xijun Xu; Li Niu; Kaili Fan; Zhengda Lin; Lei Zhao; Xu Zhou; Nanqi Ren; Duu-Jong Lee; Chuan Chen
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5960-5972
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biosphere; biotopes; denitrification; environmental science; greenhouse effect; greenhouse gases; greenhouses; nitrogen cycle; nitrous oxide; oxygen; sediments; sulfur; technology
Abstract:
... Increasing global deoxygenation has widely formed oxygen-limited biotopes, altering the metabolic pathways of numerous microbes and causing a large greenhouse effect of nitrous oxide (N₂O). Although there are many sources of N₂O, denitrification is the sole sink that removes N₂O from the biosphere, and the low-level oxygen in waters has been classically thought to be the key factor regulating N₂O ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08113

58. Current and Future Trends of Low and High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water and Sediments of China: Insights from Their Long-Term Relationships between Concentrations and Emissions

Author:
Weiwei Wang; Jialu Xu; Xiaolei Qu; Daohui Lin; Kun Yang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3397-3406
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biomass; coal; environmental science; molecular weight; surface water; technology; China
Abstract:
... In this study, we analyzed the temporal trend of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in China using data reported over the past 20 years. We found that the total concentrations of low molecular weight PAHs (CΣLPAHₛ) in surface water and sediments were positively correlated with their total emissions (EΣLPAHₛ), which increased between 2000 and 2008, then decreased until 2017. Additionally, the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05323

59. Deceleration of Cropland-N₂O Emissions in China and Future Mitigation Potentials

Author:
Xiaoqing Cui; Ziyin Shang; Longlong Xia; Rongting Xu; Wulahati Adalibieke; Xiaoying Zhan; Pete Smith; Feng Zhou
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4665-4675
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
agricultural management; agronomy; corn; crop yield; data collection; environmental science; models; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; technology; China
Abstract:
... Agricultural soils are the largest anthropogenic emission source of nitrous oxide (N₂O). National agricultural policies have been implemented to increase crop yield and reduce nitrogen (N) losses to the environment. However, it is difficult to effectively quantify crop-specific and regional N₂O mitigation priorities driven by policies, due to lack of long-term, high-resolution crop-specific activi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07276

60. Dehalococcoides-Containing Enrichment Cultures Transform Two Chlorinated Organophosphate Esters

Author:
Xifen Zhu; Shaofu Deng; Yun Fang; Sen Yang; Yin Zhong; Dan Li; Heli Wang; Junhong Wu; Ping’an Peng
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1951-1962
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Dehalococcoides; cleavage (chemistry); environmental science; ethane; ethylene; genes; metagenomics; organophosphorus compounds; phosphates; propylene; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; technology
Abstract:
... Although chlorinated organophosphate esters (Cl-OPEs) have been reported to be ubiquitously distributed in various anoxic environments, little information is available on their fate under anoxic conditions. In this study, we report two Dehalococcoides-containing enrichment cultures that transformed 3.88 ± 0.22 μmol tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and 2.61 ± 0.02 μmol tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) p ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06686

61. Dehalogenation of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Catalyzed by a Reductive Dehalogenase in Dehalococcoides mccartyi Strain MB

Author:
Guofang Xu; Siyan Zhao; Chen Chen; Xuejie Zhao; Rajaganesan Ramaswamy; Jianzhong He
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4039-4049
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Dehalococcoides mccartyi; biphenyl; cell growth; chlorine; dechlorination; enantioselectivity; nucleotide sequences; polychlorinated biphenyls; proteomics; technology; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are notorious persistent organic pollutants. However, few organohalide-respiring bacteria that harbor reductive dehalogenases (RDases) capable of dehalogenating these pollutants have been identified. Here, we report reductive dehalogenation of penta-BDEs and PCBs byDehalococcoides mccartyi strain MB. The PCE-pregrown cultu ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05170

62. Design of Ionic Liquids for Fluorinated Gas Absorption: COSMO-RS Selection and Solubility Experiments

Author:
Julio E. Sosa; Rubén Santiago; Andres E. Redondo; Jocasta Avila; Luiz F. Lepre; Margarida Costa Gomes; João M. M. Araújo; José Palomar; Ana B. Pereiro
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5898-5909
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorbents; absorption; air; climate change; equipment; hydrofluorocarbons; ionic liquids; phosphates; refrigeration; solubility; specific heat; viscosity
Abstract:
... In recent years, the fight against climate change and the mitigation of the impact of fluorinated gases (F-gases) on the atmosphere is a global concern. Development of technologies that help to efficiently separate and recycle hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) at the end of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment life is a priority. The technological development is important to stimulate the F-ga ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00051

63. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Proteins in Wastewater Samples by Mass Spectrometry

Author:
Linda R. Lara-Jacobo; Golam Islam; Jean-Paul Desaulniers; Andrea E. Kirkwood; Denina B. D. Simmons
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5062-5070
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
COVID-19 infection; RNA; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; biomarkers; feces; mass spectrometry; peptides; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; urine; vaccination; viral nonstructural proteins; viruses; wastewater; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... The recent COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed the health system worldwide, and there was a need to track outbreaks and try to use this information as an early warning system. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) enabled detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater treatment plant influents. Until now, the most used technique for this detection has been the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c04705

64. Developing a High-Resolution Emission Inventory of China’s Aviation Sector Using Real-World Flight Trajectory Data

Author:
Jingran Zhang; Shaojun Zhang; Xiaole Zhang; Jing Wang; Ye Wu; Jiming Hao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5743-5752
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; air transportation; altitude; aviation; carbon dioxide; combustion; economic development; energy use and consumption; globalization; inventories; latitude; longitude; markets; nitrogen; traffic
Abstract:
... Economic growth and globalization have led to a surge in civil aviation transportation demand. Among the major economies in the world, China has experienced a 12-fold increase in terms of total passenger aviation traffic volume since 2000 and is expected to be the largest aviation market soon. To better understand the environmental impacts of China’s aviation sector, this study developed a real-wo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08741

65. Dietary Exposure to Bifenthrin and Fipronil Impacts Swimming Performance in Juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Author:
Jason T. Magnuson; Neil Fuller; Kara E. Huff Hartz; Sara Anzalone; Gregory W. Whitledge; Shawn Acuña; Michael J. Lydy; Daniel Schlenk
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5071-5080
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Chironomidae; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; aspartate transaminase; bifenthrin; dietary exposure; environmental science; fipronil; glucose; juveniles; liver; predator avoidance; technology; toxicity; wild fish
Abstract:
... Two commonly used insecticides, bifenthrin and fipronil, can accumulate in the prey of juvenile Chinook salmon, yet the effects of dietary exposure are not understood. Therefore, to better characterize the effect of a dietary exposure route, juvenile Chinook salmon were fed chironomids dosed with a concentration of 9 or 900 ng/g of bifenthrin, fipronil, or their mixture for 25 days at concentratio ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06609

66. Direct and Indirect Electron Transfer Routes of Chromium(VI) Reduction with Different Crystalline Ferric Oxyhydroxides in the Presence of Pyrogenic Carbon

Author:
Zibo Xu; Yulu Yu; Xiaoyun Xu; Daniel C. W. Tsang; Chengbo Yao; Jin Fan; Ling Zhao; Hao Qiu; Xinde Cao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1724-1735
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biochar; carbon; chromium; crystal structure; crystallization; electron transfer; geochemistry; iron oxyhydroxides; soil; sorption; technology
Abstract:
... Electron transfer mediated by iron minerals is considered as a critical redox step for the dynamics of pollutants in soil. Herein, we explored the reduction process of Cr(VI) with different crystalline ferric oxyhydroxides in the presence of pyrogenic carbon (biochar). Both low- and high-crystallinity ferric oxyhydroxides induced Cr(VI) immobilization mainly via the sorption process, with a limite ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06642

67. Discovery of Polar Ozonation Byproducts via Direct Injection of Effluent Organic Matter with Online LC-FT-ICR-MS

Author:
Elaine Jennings; Arina Kremser; Limei Han; Thorsten Reemtsma; Oliver J. Lechtenfeld
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1894-1904
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
environmental impact; mass spectrometry; organic matter; ozonation; ozone; reversed-phase liquid chromatography; solid phase extraction; wastewater
Abstract:
... Effluent organic matter (EfOM), a major ozone consumer during wastewater ozonation, is a complex mixture of natural and anthropogenic organic molecules. Ozonation of EfOM adds to molecular complexity by introducing polar and potentially mobile ozonation byproducts (OBPs). Currently, nontargeted direct infusion (DI) ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (e.g. FT-ICR-MS) is used to study OBPs but r ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c04310

68. Dissolved Organic Matter Acting as a Microbial Photosensitizer Drives Photoelectrotrophic Denitrification

Author:
Shaofu Huang; Man Chen; Youming Diao; Qinyuan Feng; Raymond Jianxiong Zeng; Shungui Zhou
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4632-4641
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Thiobacillus; denitrification; denitrifying microorganisms; dissolved organic matter; environmental science; humification; irradiation; nitrate reduction; nitrates; nitrogen; photosensitivity; photosensitizing agents; trophic relationships
Abstract:
... The biogeochemical fates of dissolved organic matter (DOM) show important environmental significance in aqueous ecosystems. However, the current understanding of the trophic relationship between DOM and microorganisms limits the ability of DOM to serve as a heterotrophic substrate or electron shuttle for microorganisms. In this work, we provide the first evidence of photoelectrophy, a new trophic ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07556

69. Distinctive Microbial Processes and Controlling Factors Related to Indirect N₂O Emission from Agricultural and Urban Rivers in Taihu Watershed

Author:
Kang Song; Yeerken Senbati; Lu Li; Xiaoli Zhao; Yunpeng Xue; Min Deng
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4642-4654
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Dechloromonas; Flavobacterium; Microcystis; Thiobacillus; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; denitrifying microorganisms; electron transfer; emissions factor; environmental science; methanogens; nitrates; nitrous oxide; river water; technology; watersheds; wind speed
Abstract:
... Inland rivers are hotspots of anthropogenic indirect nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, but the underlying microbial processes remain poorly understood. This study measured N₂O fluxes from agricultural and urban rivers in Taihu watershed and investigated the microbial processes driving N₂O production and consumption. The N₂O fluxes were significantly higher in agricultural rivers (140.1 ± 89.1 μmol m– ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07980

70. Distribution and Fate of Ultraviolet Absorbents and Industrial Antioxidants in the St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada

Author:
Abigaëlle Dalpé Castilloux; Magali Houde; Andrée Gendron; Amila De Silva; Youssouf Djibril Soubaneh; Zhe Lu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5009-5019
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Acipenser fulvescens; Esox lucius; diphenylamine; environmental science; fish; particulates; sediments; sorption; surface water; technology; Quebec; Saint Lawrence River
Abstract:
... Ultraviolet absorbents (UVAs) and industrial antioxidants (IAs) are contaminants of emerging concern. In this study, we investigated the distribution and partitioning of these contaminants in surface water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), sediment, and various tissues of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and northern pike (Esox lucius) from the St. Lawrence River (SLR), Quebec, Canada. Resu ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07932

71. Do Polystyrene Nanoplastics Have Similar Effects on Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) at Environmentally Relevant and Observed-Effect Concentrations?

Author:
Fu Xiao; Li-Juan Feng; Xiao-Dong Sun; Yue Wang; Zhong-Wei Wang; Fan-Ping Zhu; Xian-Zheng Yuan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4071-4079
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Lemna minor; aquatic plants; cell death; environmental science; nanoplastics; osmotic stress; phenotype; polystyrenes
Abstract:
... Although the biological effects of nanoplastics (<100 nm in size) in aquatic environments have been increasingly investigated, almost all such studies have been performed at observed-effect concentrations (higher than 1 μg/mL). The use of observed-effect concentrations of nanoplastics can provide essential data for evaluating the potential risks, but how these results apply to the effects of conce ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06595

72. Does the Geographic Difference of Soil Properties Matter for Setting Up the Soil Screening Levels in Large Countries Like China?

Author:
Yang Wang; Shijie Wang; Lin Jiang; Lin Ma; Xiaoyan Li; Maosheng Zhong; Wenyu Zhang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5684-5693
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
data collection; environmental science; geographical variation; inhalation exposure; porosity; soil density; soil organic matter; soil quality; soil water content; technology; China
Abstract:
... China issued the unified national soil screening levels (NSSLs) in 2018 to assist the regulation of contaminated sites, but the applicability of NSSLs was not thoroughly evaluated. Datasets from the National Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Scientific Data Center indicated great variability of soil organic matter (0.8–173 g/kg), soil water content (0.05–0.6), soil porosity (0.4–0.6), and soil bulk density (1 ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08771

73. Dynamic Change of Active Sites of Supported Vanadia Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides

Author:
Guangyan Xu; Hao Li; Yunbo Yu; Hong He
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3710-3718
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Lewis acids; ammonia; density functional theory; environmental science; nitrogen; spectroscopy; technology; water vapor
Abstract:
... Selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia (NH₃–SCR) on V₂O₅/TiO₂ catalysts is a widely used commercial technology in power plants and diesel vehicles due to its high elimination efficiency for NOx removal. However, the mechanistic aspects of the NH₃–SCR reaction, especially the active sites on the V₂O₅/TiO₂ catalysts, are still a puzzle. Herein, using combined operando spectroscopy and densi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07739

74. Dynamic Evolution and Covariant Response Mechanism of Volatile Organic Compounds and Residual Functional Groups during the Online Pyrolysis of Coal and Biomass Fuels

Author:
Fanhao Song; Tingting Li; Fengchang Wu; Kenneth Mei Yee Leung; Yingchen Bai; Xiaoli Zhao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5409-5420
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biomass; carbon; coal; corn straw; environmental science; oxidation; pyrolysis; technology; temperature; wood products
Abstract:
... Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from pyrolysis of widely used biomass are expected to increase significantly under the carbon neutrality target. However, the dynamic emissions and evolution mechanism of biomass-VOCs remain unclear, hindered by complex reactions and offline measurements. Here, we propose a novel covariant evolution mechanism to interpret the emission heterogeneities, sequ ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08400

75. Earthworms’ Degradable Bioplastic Diet of Polylactic Acid: Easy to Break Down and Slow to Excrete

Author:
Lei Wang; Yawen Peng; Yali Xu; Junjie Zhang; Chunguang Liu; Xuejiao Tang; Yuan Lu; Hongwen Sun
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5020-5028
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Eisenia fetida; adults; bioplastics; diet; digestive tract; earthworms; environmental degradation; excretion; half life; ingestion; kinetics; liquid chromatography; microplastics; microscopy; odors; polylactic acid; risk; tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... Microplastics (MPs) in soils may be ingested by terrestrial animals. While the application of bioplastics is increasing, the ingestion and excretion characteristics of bio-MPs by terrestrial animals are poorly understood as compared to fossil-MPs. Here, the approach–avoidance behavior of adult earthworms Eisenia fetida to MP-contaminated soil was assessed. Fossil-based poly(ethylene terephthalate) ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08066

76. Effect of Agricultural Organic Inputs on Nanoplastics Transport in Saturated Goethite-Coated Porous Media: Particle Size Selectivity and Role of Dissolved Organic Matter

Author:
Jie Ma; Yan Qiu; Junying Zhao; Xiaoxue Ouyang; Yujie Zhao; Liping Weng; Arafat MD Yasir; Yali Chen; Yongtao Li
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3524-3534
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
cellulose; dissolved organic matter; electrostatic interactions; environmental science; goethite; humic acids; humification; nanoplastics; particle size; quantum mechanics; sand; swine; wheat
Abstract:
... The transport of nanoplastics (NPs) through porous media is influenced by dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from agricultural organic inputs. Here, cotransport of NPs with three types of DOM (biocharDOM (BCDOM), wheat strawDOM (WSDOM), and swine manureDOM (SMDOM)) was investigated in saturated goethite (GT)-coated sand columns. The results showed that codeposition of 50 nm NPs (50NPs) with D ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07574

77. Effect of Different Combustion Processes on Atmospheric Nitrous Acid Formation Mechanisms: A Winter Comparative Observation in Urban, Suburban and Rural Areas of the North China Plain

Author:
Wenqian Zhang; Shengrui Tong; Chenhui Jia; Maofa Ge; Dongsheng Ji; Chenglong Zhang; Pengfei Liu; Xiaoxi Zhao; Yujing Mu; Bo Hu; Lili Wang; Guiqian Tang; Xin Li; Weiran Li; Zhen Wang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 4828-4837
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
clean energy; coal; combustion; issues and policy; models; nitrous acid; ozone; photolysis; pollution; technology; winter; China
Abstract:
... Atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO) is a dominant precursor of hydroxyl (OH) radicals, and its formation mechanisms are still controversial. Few studies have simultaneously explored effects of different combustion processes on HONO sources. Hereby, synchronous HONO measurement in urban (BJ), suburban (XH) and rural (DBT) areas with different combustion processes is performed in the North China Plain i ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07784

78. Effect of Nano-Silver on Formation of Marine Snow and the Underlying Microbial Mechanism

Author:
Chenyuan Dang; Jing Wan; Yibo Zhang; Zhang Li; Jie Fu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.2 pp. 995-1006
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biomass; dose response; environmental science; marine sediments; microbial communities; myxobacteria; nanosilver; polymers; secretion; species diversity
Abstract:
... Roller experiments were conducted to explore the effect of nano-silver on the formation of marine snow and the underlying microbial mechanism. With the increasing concentration of nano-Ag from 1 ng/L to 1 mg/L, the formation and aggregation of marine snow particles were solidly suppressed in a dose-dependent pattern. Moreover, the formed marine snows tended to be thinner fibrous particles with sma ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06494

79. Effects of Aquatic Acidification on Microbially Mediated Nitrogen Removal in Estuarine and Coastal Environments

Author:
Li Wu; Zhirui An; Jie Zhou; Feiyang Chen; Bolin Liu; Lin Qi; Guoyu Yin; Hongpo Dong; Min Liu; Lijun Hou; Yanling Zheng
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5939-5949
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acidification; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; climate change; denitrification; denitrifying microorganisms; estuaries; eutrophication; nitrogen; nitrous oxide production; pH; technology
Abstract:
... Acidification of estuarine and coastal waters is anticipated to influence nitrogen (N) removal processes, which are critical pathways for eliminating excess N from these ecosystems. We found that denitrification rates decreased significantly under acidified conditions (P < 0.05), which reduced by 41–53% in estuarine and coastal sediments under an approximately 0.3 pH reduction of the overlying wat ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00692

80. Effects of Natural and Forced Entrainment on PM Emissions from Fire Whirls

Author:
Sriram Bharath Hariharan; Hamed Farmahini Farahani; Ali S. Rangwala; Elaine S. Oran; Michael J. Gollner
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3480-3491
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; diesel fuel; emissions factor; environmental science; particulates; stoichiometry; technology
Abstract:
... The influence of different air entrainment conditions on the emissions of particulate matter from fire whirls was investigated by igniting a diesel fuel pool, 0.7 m in diameter, within a four-walled enclosure. Four different natural entrainment conditions resulted when gap sizes in the walls were varied between 0.35 and 0.65 m. In addition, three forced-entrainment conditions were created by holdi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07077

81. Efficient Electron Transfer by Plasmonic Silver in SrTiO₃ for Low-Concentration Photocatalytic NO Oxidation

Author:
Zhen Chen; Haibo Yin; Rong Wang; Yue Peng; Changfu You; Junhua Li
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3604-3612
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; catalysts; electron transfer; environmental science; oxidation; photocatalysis; silver; technology; toxicity
Abstract:
... Photocatalysis presents a feasible option to control low-concentration NO emissions from industrial burning facilities, and increasing excitons in quantity and improving surface activity are the crucial issues to be solved. Plasmonic silver with the orientation of the (111) plane is uniformly distributed on the Ti–O termination of the SrTiO₃ (STO) (100) plane (major). The NO conversion rate has a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00262

82. Electro-Enhanced Separation of Microsized Oil-in-Water Emulsions via Metallic Membranes: Performance and Mechanistic Insights

Author:
Yongxuan Shi; Qifeng Zheng; Liujie Ding; Fenglin Yang; Wenbiao Jin; Chuyang Y. Tang; Yingchao Dong
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4518-4530
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; electrical conductivity; electrostatic interactions; emulsions; oil-water interface; oils; surface tension; water treatment
Abstract:
... Conventional separation membranes suffer from evitable fouling and flux decrease for water treatment applications. Herein, a novel protocol of electro-enhanced membrane separation is proposed for the efficient treatment of microsized emulsions (∼1 μm) by rationally designing robust electroresponsive copper metallic membranes, which could mitigate oil fouling and coenhance permeance (from ∼1026 to ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00336

83. Elucidating Drought-Tolerance Mechanisms in Plant Roots through ¹H NMR Metabolomics in Parallel with MALDI-MS, and NanoSIMS Imaging Techniques

Author:
Linnea K. Honeker; Gina A. Hildebrand; Jane D. Fudyma; L. Erik Daber; David Hoyt; Sarah E. Flowers; Juliana Gil-Loaiza; Angelika Kübert; Ines Bamberger; Christopher R. Anderton; John Cliff; Sarah Leichty; Roya AminiTabrizi; Jürgen Kreuzwieser; Lingling Shi; Xuejuan Bai; Dusan Velickovic; Michaela A. Dippold; S. Nemiah Ladd; Christiane Werner; Laura K. Meredith; Malak M. Tfaily
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 2021-2032
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Clitoria fairchildiana; Hibiscus rosa-sinensis; Piper; carbohydrates; carbon; drought; drought tolerance; environmental science; legumes; lignin; metabolomics; organic matter; rhizosphere; secretion; soil; trees; tropical rain forests
Abstract:
... As direct mediators between plants and soil, roots play an important role in metabolic responses to environmental stresses such as drought, yet these responses are vastly uncharacterized on a plant-specific level, especially for co-occurring species. Here, we aim to examine the effects of drought on root metabolic profiles and carbon allocation pathways of three tropical rainforest species by comb ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06772

84. Emerging Midges Transport Pesticides from Aquatic to Terrestrial Ecosystems: Importance of Compound- and Organism-Specific Parameters

Author:
Alexis P. Roodt; Nina Röder; Sebastian Pietz; Sara Kolbenschlag; Alessandro Manfrin; Klaus Schwenk; Mirco Bundschuh; Ralf Schulz
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5478-5488
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Chironomus riparius; Hirundinidae; bioaccumulation; dietary exposure; eggs; environmental science; imagos; insectivores; lipophilicity; longevity; metamorphosis; technology
Abstract:
... Emerging aquatic insects have the potential to retain aquatic contaminants after metamorphosis, potentially transporting them into adjacent terrestrial food webs. It is unknown whether this transfer is also relevant for current-use pesticides. We exposed larvae of the nonbiting midge, Chironomus riparius, to a sublethal pulse of a mixture of nine moderately polar fungicides and herbicides (logKₒw ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08079

85. Emission Rates of Volatile Organic Compounds from Humans

Author:
Nijing Wang; Lisa Ernle; Gabriel Bekö; Pawel Wargocki; Jonathan Williams
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 4838-4848
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; air quality; climate; clothing; data collection; enthalpy; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; humans; ozone; relative humidity; stainless steel; technology; temperature; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Human-emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are mainly from breath and the skin. In this study, we continuously measured VOCs in a stainless-steel environmentally controlled climate chamber (22.5 m³, air change rate at 3.2 h–¹) occupied by four seated human volunteers using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Experiments with huma ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08764

86. Emissions of Ammonia and Other Nitrogen-Containing Volatile Organic Compounds from Motor Vehicles under Low-Speed Driving Conditions

Author:
Dongsen Yang; Shengnan Zhu; Yan Ma; Liujun Zhou; Feixue Zheng; Lin Wang; Jingkun Jiang; Jun Zheng
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5440-5447
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air pollution; amides; ammonia; gasoline; imines; ionization; management systems; natural gas; roadsides; spectrometers; technology; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Emissions of NH₃ and nine nitrogen-containing volatile organic compounds (NVOCs) (C₁–₃-amines, C₁–₃-amides, and C₁–₃-imines) from motor vehicles powered by gasoline, diesel, and natural gas under low-speed driving conditions from roadside in situ measurements were characterized using a water-cluster chemical ionization mass spectrometer and trace gas monitors. The total emission strength of diesel ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.2c00555

87. Enhanced Catalytic Ozonation for Eliminating CH₃SH via Stable and Circular Electronic Metal–Support Interactions of Si–O–Mn Bonds with Low Mn Loading

Author:
Dingren Ma; Weiqi Liu; Yajing Huang; Dehua Xia; Qiyu Lian; Chun He
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3678-3688
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; adsorption; catalytic activity; environmental science; methanethiol; oxygen; ozonation; ozone; technology; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Catalytic ozonation of methyl mercaptan (CH₃SH) can effectively control this unbearable odorous sulfur-containing volatile organic compound (S-VOC). The construction of an electronic metal–support interaction (EMSI) coordination structure to maximize the number of active sites and increase the intrinsic activity of active sites is an effective means to improve catalytic performance. In this work, ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07065

88. Enhanced Degradation of Micropollutants in a Peracetic Acid–Fe(III) System with Picolinic Acid

Author:
Juhee Kim; Junyue Wang; Daniel C. Ashley; Virender K. Sharma; Ching-Hua Huang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4437-4446
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
benzoic acid; bisphenol A; citric acid; diclofenac; ligands; methylene blue; niacin; oxidants; oxidation; pH; peracetic acid; picolinic acid; pollutants; proline; sulfamethoxazole; sulfoxides; technology; trimethoprim
Abstract:
... Activation of peracetic acid (PAA) with iron species is an emerging advanced oxidation process (AOP). This study investigates the use of the chelating agent picolinic acid (PICA) to extend the pH range and enhance the performance of the PAA–Fe(III) AOP. Compared to the PAA–Fe(III) system, the PAA–Fe(III)–PICA system degrades various micropollutants (MPs: methylene blue, naproxen, sulfamethoxazole, ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08311

89. Enhancing the Understanding of Soil Nitrogen Fate Using a 3D-Electrospray Sensor Roll Casted with a Thin-Layer Hydrogel

Author:
Yingzheng Fan; Xingyu Wang; Xin Qian; Anand Dixit; Brianna Herman; Yu Lei; Jeffrey McCutcheon; Baikun Li
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 4905-4914
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; algorithms; ammonium; electrochemistry; environmental science; hydrogels; mass transfer; models; nitrates; nitrogen; nutrient management; polyacrylamide; soil; technology
Abstract:
... Accurate and continuous monitoring of soil nitrogen is critical for determining its fate and providing early warning for swift soil nutrient management. However, the accuracy of existing electrochemical sensors is hurdled by the immobility of targeted ions, ion adsorption to soil particles, and sensor reading noise and drifting over time. In this study, polyacrylamide hydrogel with a thickness of ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05661

90. Enzyme-Mediated Reactions of Phenolic Pollutants and Endogenous Metabolites as an Overlooked Metabolic Disruption Pathway

Author:
Liu Liu; Hongyang Cui; Yixuan Huang; Yulan Zhou; Jianying Hu; Yi Wan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.6 pp. 3634-3644
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
alkylphenols; bisphenol A; cytochrome P-450; estradiol; homeostasis; humans; lipophilicity; liver; metabolites; reactive oxygen species; sulfates; technology; triclosan; vitamin E; water solubility
Abstract:
... It is generally recognized that phenol-containing molecules mainly undergo phase II metabolic reactions, whereas glucuronide and sulfate are conjugated to form water-soluble products. Here, we report direct reactions of phenolic pollutants (triclosan, alkylphenol, bisphenol A [BPA], and its analogues) and some endogenous metabolites (vitamin E [VE] and estradiol) to generate new lipophilic ether p ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08141

91. Estimation of Emission Factors from Purchased Electricity for European Countries: Impacts on Emission Reduction of Electricity Storage

Author:
Yuzhou Tang; Yue Li; Xueliang Yuan; Andrew Pimm; Tim T. Cockerill; Qingsong Wang; Qiao Ma
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5111-5122
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
carbon; electric energy consumption; electricity; energy; environmental science; storage technology; trade; wind
Abstract:
... To evaluate the reduction brought about by energy storage technology, it is essential to first have accurate data on carbon emissions from electricity consumption. However, when gathering this data by evaluating marginal emission factors (MEFs), previous research measured only generation emissions and direct transfer emissions while ignoring the impact of embodied emissions from the cross-grid tra ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06490

92. Estimation of Unintended Treated Wastewater Contributions to Streams in the Yangtze River Basin and the Potential Human Health and Ecological Risk Analysis

Author:
Yindong Tong; Miao Qi; Peizhe Sun; Wanxiao Qin; Ying Zhu; Xuejun Wang; Yanxue Xu; Wei Zhang; Jingjing Yang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5590-5601
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
environmental assessment; human health; models; organic matter; rivers; sanitation; sustainable development; wastewater; wastewater treatment; water reuse; water supply; watersheds; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... “Clean water and sanitation” is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. One primary objective of wastewater treatment is to remove contaminants such as pathogens, nutrient, and organic matter from wastewater, while not all contaminants could be removed effectively. Wastewater treatment plants would inevitably represent concentrated point sources of residual contaminant loadings in ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c02131

93. Even Incorporation of Nitrogen into Fe⁰ Nanoparticles as Crystalline Fe₄N for Efficient and Selective Trichloroethylene Degradation

Author:
Fanxu Meng; Jiang Xu; Huiwang Dai; Yunlong Yu; Daohui Lin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 4489-4497
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acetylene; dechlorination; electron transfer; groundwater; hydrophobicity; nitrides; nitrogen; pyrolysis; remediation; trichloroethylene
Abstract:
... Surface modification of microscale Fe powder with nitrogen has emerged recently to improve the reactivity of Fe⁰ for dechlorination. However, it is unclear how an even incorporation of a crystalline iron nitride phase into Fe⁰ nanoparticles affects their physicochemical properties and performance, or if Fe⁰ nanoparticles with a varied nitridation degree will act differently. Here, we synthesized n ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c08671

94. Exogenous Chemical Exposure Increased Transcription Levels of the Host Virus Receptor Involving Coronavirus Infection

Author:
Xiaoting Jin; Jingxu Zhang; Yanting Li; Ze Zhang; Tenglong Cui; Yuanyuan Wang; Linlin Yao; Xiaoxi Yang; Guangbo Qu; Yuxin Zheng; Guibin Jiang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1854-1863
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Coronavirus infections; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; TATA box; disease severity; environmental science; epithelium; exposome; gene expression; pathogens; peptidyl-dipeptidase A; protein synthesis; technology; virus receptors; viruses
Abstract:
... Virus receptors are highly involved in mediating the entrance of infectious viruses into host cells. Here, we found that typical chemical exposure caused the upregulation of virus receptor mRNA levels. Chemicals with the same structural characteristics can affect the transcription of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a dominant receptor of SARS-CoV-2. Some chemicals can also regulate the tra ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07172

95. Exploring the Local Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Control via an Exposure-Based Model

Author:
Qu Cheng; Robert C. Spear
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1801-1810
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; environmental science; food preparation; public health; risk; simulation models
Abstract:
... A simulation model was developed aimed at assisting local public health authorities in exploring strategies for the suppression of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. A mechanistic modeling framework is utilized based on the daily airborne exposure of individuals defined in terms of inhaled viruses. Comparison of model outputs and observed data confirms that the model can generate realistic patterns of secon ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05633

96. Extraction and Quantification of Nanoparticulate Mercury in Natural Soils

Author:
Weiping Cai; Yujun Wang; Yu Feng; Peng Liu; Shuofei Dong; Bo Meng; Hua Gong; Fei Dang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1763-1770
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; environmental science; mercury; methylation; methylmercury compounds; risk; soil; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Nanoparticulate mercury (Hg-NPs) are ubiquitous in nature. However, the lack of data on their concentration in soils impedes reliable risk assessments. This is due to the analytical difficulties resulting from low ambient Hg concentrations and background interferences of heterogeneous soil components. Here, coupled to single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (spICP-MS), a stand ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07039

97. Fate of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Durable Water-Repellent Clothing during Use

Author:
Ike van der Veen; Steffen Schellenberger; Anne-Charlotte Hanning; Ann Stare; Jacob de Boer; Jana M. Weiss; Pim E. G. Leonards
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.9 pp. 5886-5897
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
clothing; environmental science; fabrics; perfluorocarbons; polyamides; polyesters
Abstract:
... To make outdoor clothing water- or dirt-repellent, durable water-repellent (DWR) coatings based on side-chain fluorinated polymers (SFPs) are used. During use of outdoor clothing, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) can be emitted from the DWR to the environment. In this study, the effects of aging, washing, and tumble drying on the concentration of extractable PFASs in the DWR of perfluor ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c07876

98. Flexible Bayesian Ensemble Machine Learning Framework for Predicting Local Ozone Concentrations

Author:
Xiang Ren; Zhongyuan Mi; Ting Cai; Christopher G. Nolte; Panos G. Georgopoulos
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.7 pp. 3871-3883
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Bayesian theory; air; air quality; climate change; game theory; humans; meteorology; models; ozone
Abstract:
... 3D-grid-based chemical transport models, such as the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system, have been widely used for predicting concentrations of ambient air pollutants. However, typical horizontal resolutions of nationwide CMAQ simulations (12 × 12 km²) cannot capture local-scale gradients for accurately assessing human exposures and environmental justice disparities. In this s ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c04076

99. Formation Mechanism of Iodinated Aromatic Disinfection Byproducts: Acid Catalysis with H₂OI⁺

Author:
Yanpeng Gao; Junlang Qiu; Yuemeng Ji; Nicholas J. P. Wawryk; Taicheng An; Xing-Fang Li
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.3 pp. 1791-1800
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
catalysts; catalytic activity; dipeptides; disinfection; energy; environmental science; hydroxylation; iodination; iodine; mass spectrometry; prediction; thermodynamics; toxicity
Abstract:
... Iodinated aromatic disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) are a group of nonregulated but highly toxic DBPs. The formation of I-DBPs is attributed mainly to HOI because it is the most abundant reactive iodine species in chloraminated water. In this study, we used computational modeling of thermodynamics to examine the mechanism of iodination of aromatic contaminants, e.g., dipeptides and phenols. Comput ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c05484

100. Formation of Halogenated Byproducts upon Water Treatment with Peracetic Acid

Author:
Giulio Farinelli; Marco Coha; Davide Vione; Marco Minella; Alberto Tiraferri
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2022 v.56 no.8 pp. 5123-5131
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
carcinogenicity; chlorides; chlorination; disinfectants; disinfection; dissolved organic matter; pH; peracetic acid; wastewater; wastewater treatment; water pollution
Abstract:
... Peracetic acid has quickly gained ground in water treatment over the last decade. Specifically, its disinfection efficacy toward a wide spectrum of microorganisms in wastewater is accompanied by the simplicity of its handling and use. Moreover, peracetic acid represents a promising option to achieve disinfection while reducing the concentration of typical chlorination byproducts in the final efflu ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c06118