An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... In recent times, the issue of plastic recycling has become one of the leading issues of environmental protection and waste management. Polymer materials have been found an application in many areas of daily life and industry. Along with their extended use, the problem of plastic wastes appeared because, after withdrawal from use, they became persistent and noxious wastes. The possibility of reusin ...
... Bio-waste materials from aquatic species are alternative sources of chitin and chitosan—high-value natural biodegradable and biocompatible polymers. More than 250,000 metric tons of shell, scale, and carapace waste are produced in the Philippines. An evaluation of the quality of raw chitin and chitosan yields from the bio-waste materials of Asian green mussel (Perna viridis), tropical oyster (Cras ...
... The dynamics of poverty have become a controversial issue and one of the most common socio-economic problems in global economies, especially in developing economies as a whole. As per the importance of precise dilemma, the current study examines single as well as multidimensional poverty in the agro-climatic zones of Punjab, Pakistan, for the last 8 years from 2011–2012 to 2018–2019 by utilizing f ...
... Although there have been many studies, focusing on basic determinants of carbon dioxide emissions (CO₂), the effect of higher education, which has the potential to be an important determinant of CO₂, has been neglected. The paper aims to display the potential mechanisms between higher education and CO₂ and expand the environmental economics literature. In the paper, the trade-off between higher ed ...
... With the development of modern industry and agriculture, plentiful microplastics (MPs) were produced as a result of the abuse of plastic. The widespread presence of MPs in soils has caused coastal ecological environment pollution. Previous research has shown that fertilizer is one pathway for the entry of MPs into agricultural soils. Meanwhile, livestock manure is a major fertilizer for crops, and ...
... The textile processing industry utilizes enormous amounts of water. After the dying process, the wastewater discharged to the environment contains carcinogens, non-biodegradable, toxic, and colored organic materials. This study aimed to develop a nanocomposite material with improved photocatalytic activity to degrade textile dyes and without a need for a post-separation process after the use. For ...
... In this work, bismuth-doped titania (BiₓTiO₂) with improved oxygen vacancies was synthesized by sol-gel protocol as a novel peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO₅⁻) activator. HSO₅⁻ and adsorbed oxygen molecules could efficiently be transformed into their respective radicals through defect ionization to attain charge balance after their trapping on oxygen vacancies of the catalyst. XRD study of BiₓTiO₂ with ...
... The present study focuses on extract-mediated Ag nanoparticles (NPs), AgCl-NPs, and Ag/AgCl nanocomposites (NCs) as photocatalysts along with its antimicrobial and dye degradation activities. The synthesis of these NPs and NCs was performed by using Azadirachta indica plant fruit extract and analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy to confirm the synthesis and band gap of these NPs and NCs, X-ray diffra ...
... Mesocosms are real-world environmental science tools for bridging the gap between laboratory-scale experiments and actual habitat studies on ecosystem complexities. These experiments are increasingly being applied in understanding the complex impacts of heavy metals, ocean acidification, global warming, and oil spills. The insights of the present review indicate how metals and metal-bound activiti ...
human health; petroleum; pollution; research; sludge
Abstract:
... Oily sludge contains high concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which seriously impact the environment and human health. How to dispose of and use the oily sludge has attracted an increasing amount of attention. This study introduces harmless and resource-based oily sludge treatment technologies. It summarizes the technologies from various aspects, such as the process pr ...
... A simplified method is described for reducing the analysis time of nitrofurans (NFs) and nitrofuran metabolites (NFMs) in the aquatic animals. Most existing HPLC-MS/MS methods are intended only for NFMs and are based on their fast metabolic transformations. We optimized a method for simultaneously detecting major NFs and their metabolites, including nitrovin (NV) that imply use of an optimized buf ...
Kuznets curve; carbon; carbon dioxide; economic development; energy; pollution; research; solar energy; China
Abstract:
... China’s rapid economic development is unavoidably characterized by environmental pitfalls, especially the carbon dioxide emissions of greenhouse gases from the use of energy. Since there is a relationship between economic growth, energy consumption, and carbon emission, it is important to note that the continuous improvement and application of solar energy technology will play an active role in ca ...
Turkey (country); air pollution; aircraft; airports; environmental impact; particulates; research
Abstract:
... In the last decade, aircraft-induced environmental issues have attracted much research interest. In addition to studies on performance related emissions, air pollution and emissions in the field of airports also draw attention. Within this framework, the Antalya International Airport, one of the busiest airports in Turkey, is assessed from the viewpoint of the environment and economics. The presen ...
COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; World Health Organization; airborne transmission; antiviral properties; decision making; disinfection; ethanol; health services; humans; isopropyl alcohol; pandemic; pollution; public health; relative humidity; research; surveys; systematic review; temperature; China
Abstract:
... Recently, an outbreak of a novel human coronavirus which is referred to as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) was identified in Wuhan, China. To help combat the pandemic, a systematic review (SR) was performed to collect all available studies concerning inactivation methods, environmental survival, and control and preventi ...
... New energy vehicle (NEV), an Eco-friendly innovation to alleviate the problems of energy scarcity and environmental pollution, is increasingly popular in many countries. Various new energy vehicles are provided with quantity of basic information (e.g., performance, quality, and price), which hinders potential users from effectively finding the most desired or interested new energy vehicles to sati ...
2,4,6-trichlorophenol; autism; gas chromatography; humans; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated biphenyls; research; spectrometers; tandem mass spectrometry; toxicology
Abstract:
... Individuals are exposed to a wide variety of chemicals over their lifetime, yet current understanding of mixture toxicology is still limited. We present a two-step analytical method using a gas chromatograph-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer that requires less than 1 mL of sample. The method is applied to 183 plasma samples from a study population of children with autism spectrum disorder, their ...
air pollution; airshed; algorithms; benzene; carcinogenicity; health effects assessments; relative humidity; research; risk; temperature; traffic; wavelet; weather research and forecasting model; Iran
Abstract:
... This study reports on BTEX concentrations in one of the largest parking garages in Iran with a peak traffic flow reaching up to ~9300 vehicles in the last few days of the Nowruz holidays. Samples were obtained on different days of the week at three main locations in the Zaer Parking Garage. A novel wavelet-based random forest model (WRF) was trained to estimate BTEX concentrations by decomposing t ...
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; case studies; estuaries; fabrics; freshwater; microplastics; municipal wastewater; pollution; polyethylene; polyethylene terephthalates; polypropylenes; population size; research; wastewater treatment; China
Abstract:
... Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been proposed as significant sources of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater and estuarine environments. WWTPs, even those with high removal efficiencies, release millions of MPs per plant daily. China is the largest plastic producer worldwide, but only a few studies of MP pollution from WWTPs have been carried out in China. In this work, we present a comprehe ...
... Accurate prediction of the dust concentration (DC) is necessary to reduce its undesirable environmental effects in different geographical areas. Although the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is a powerful model for predicting dust events, no attempt has been made to investigate its uncertainty and interpretability. In this study, therefore, the uncertainty of the ANFIS model was quant ...
... The adsorption followed by photocatalytic degradation process was examined for the pentachlorophenol (PCP) removal from aqueous solution. These processes were accomplished by using FeNi₃/SiO₂/ZnO magnetic nanocomposite as an adsorbent-photocatalytic agent and under the irradiation of solar light. The magnetic nanocomposite used was first synthesized and then was characterized using transmission el ...
... Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is characterized by excessive bronchoconstriction in response to nonspecific stimuli, thereby leading to airway stenosis and increased airway resistance. AHR is recognized as a key characteristic of asthma and is associated with significant morbidity. At present, many studies on the molecular mechanisms of AHR have mainly focused on the imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell fu ...
Helton José Alves; Lázaro José Gasparrini; Felipe Eduardo Bueno Silva; Laressa Caciano; Graciela Ines Bolzon de Muniz; Eduardo Luis Cupertino Ballester; Paulo André Cremonez; Mabel Karina Arantes
... This work describes the production/characterization of low molar mass chitosan nanoparticles derived from waste shrimp shells (SSC), as well as from a commercial chitosan (CC). The production of low molar mass nanochitosan employed thermal shock, alternating between 100 °C and ambient temperature, followed by grinding the dry material (SSC and CC) in a ball mill, producing around 500 g of nanochit ...
... Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide that is frequently and widely used to control both agricultural and domestic pests worldwide. In this study, the protective effect of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) essential oil (FEO) was investigated in carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to CPF. The fish were divided into six groups that one control group (no treatment) and five experimental groups (FE ...
... Nicotine is an active pharmacological ingredient in cigarette smoke, which may negatively influence the male reproductive system and fertility. This study aims to investigate the effect of fractionated low-dose radiation (fractionated-LDR) and/or ellagic acid (EA) on nicotine-induced hormonal changes and testicular toxicity in rats. Nicotine was administrated orally (1 mg/kg) for 30 days, afterwar ...
Ekaterina Pavlova; Irena Pashkunova-Martic; Martin Schaier; Emilia Petrova; Yordanka Gluhcheva; Peter Dorkov; Thomas H. Helbich; Bernhard Keppler; Gunda Koellensperger; Juliana Ivanova
... In this study, we compare the effects of deferiprone (Def) and tetraethylammonium salt of salinomycinic acid (Sal) on lead (Pb)-induced toxicity in testes of Pb-exposed mice. Mature male ICR mice were allocated into four groups as follows: untreated control mice (ctrl)—received distilled water for 4 weeks; Pb-exposed mice (Pb)—subjected to 14-day Pb (II) nitrate administration at dose 80 mg/kg bod ...
... A double strategy based on the removal of sulfonamide antibiotics by Pleurotus ostreatus and adsorption on spent mushroom substrate was assessed to reclaim contaminated wastewater. P. ostreatus was firstly tested in a liquid medium fortified with five sulfonamides: sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, sulfapyridine and sulfamethazine, to evaluate its capacity to remove them and to test f ...
... Tropospheric ozone (O₃) is a major secondary air pollutant and greenhouse gas, and its impact on growth, yield, and its quality is well established in the case of crop plants. However, the effects of tropospheric O₃ have not been comprehensively studied on medicinal plants. Therefore, a field study was planned on a medicinally important Sida cordifolia L. plant (commonly known as country mallow or ...
... This paper evaluates the performance of different observer coverage rates and 9 possible sampling designs to estimate via computer simulation the total catch of target and non-target species for Chinese tuna longline fisheries in the Pacific Ocean. The stratified random samplings include different stratification schemes (based on target species or fishing areas) with different strategies for alloc ...
... The aim of this study was to assess the changes in chemical and microbial properties and enzymatic activity of soil enriched with vermicompost derived from household waste. The vermicompost was tested in the rhizosphere of Larix decidua seedlings cultivated in 10-L pots in: (i) nursery soil (as the control), (ii) soil with 10% v/v vermicompost, and (iii) with 20% v/v vermicompost. The impact of ve ...
Lorenzo Furlan; Alberto Pozzebon; Carlo Duso; Noa Simon-Delso; Francisco Sánchez-Bayo; Patrice A. Marchand; Filippo Codato; Maarten Bijleveld van Lexmond; Jean-Marc Bonmatin
crop failure; economic threshold; ecosystems; farmers; fipronil; insurance; neonicotinoid insecticides; pest control; pest resistance; pollution; research; sustainable agriculture
Abstract:
... Over-reliance on pesticides for pest control is inflicting serious damage to the environmental services that underpin agricultural productivity. The widespread use of systemic insecticides, neonicotinoids, and the phenylpyrazole fipronil in particular is assessed here in terms of their actual use in pest management, effects on crop yields, and the development of pest resistance to these compounds ...
circular economy; eco-efficiency; ecology; employment; environmental law; foreign direct investment; humans; industry; issues and policy; pollution; research; sustainable development; urbanization; China
Abstract:
... Persisting in opening up and achieving coordinated development of economy, society, and ecology is China’s major strategies for achieving sustainable urbanization. Ecological efficiency is a reasonable indicator to measure the development level of a circular economy. Therefore, using the statistical data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2016, this paper uses the super-efficiency SBM model tha ...
Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez; Rogelio Flores-Ramírez; Maribel Rodriguez-Aguilar; Alejandra Berumen-Rodríguez; Francisco J. Pérez-Vázquez; Fernando Díaz-Barriga
... Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a risk factor for human health. Workers are a vulnerable group due to their high exposure and therefore require special attention to mitigation measurements; however, some groups of workers are especially vulnerable, precarious workers. The objective of this research was to evaluate mixtures of hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) in precarious workers ...
carbon; center of gravity; economic development; energy; fossil fuels; models; pollution; research; China
Abstract:
... To evaluate the relationship between coal-related carbon emissions (CCE) and economic growth, this paper analyzed the decoupling relationship between CCE and economic growth from national and provincial perspectives during period 1997–2016 through Tapio Decoupling Index. Then, to recognize its spatial characteristics during 1997–2016, gravity model was adopted to study the geographical changes of ...
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; climate change; clothing; environmental performance; industrial wastes; multi-criteria decision making; pollution; research; sustainable development; sustainable technology; China
Abstract:
... In the wake of the Paris agreement, the adoption of green innovation practices has received substantial attention throughout the world. The consumers, manufacturers, governments, and communities have started realizing the severity and intensity of environmental hazards and climate change. The manufacturing sector is one of the leading industrial waste producers and contributors to environmental po ...
... Silicon (Si) is considered an important component for plant growth, development, and yield in many crop species. Silicon is also known to reduce plant pests. Although Si, the major component of soil next to oxygen, it is not used as a major nutrient by crop plants. However, extensive literature demonstrate the beneficial effects of soluble silicates, like silicon [orthosilicic acid (Si(H₄SiO₄)], o ...
... Monosodium glutamate (MSG), common flavor enhancer and feed additive, causes male reproductive dysfunction. However, Roselle tea, popular Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) beverage, has a controversial effectiveness on male fertility. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate either the adverse effect of aqueous HS extract (HSE) on the testicle or its potential ameliorative role including some stre ...
Nhu Da Le; Anh Quoc Hoang; Thi Thu Ha Hoang; Thi Anh Huong Nguyen; Thi Thuy Duong; Thi Mai Huong Pham; Tien Dat Nguyen; Van Chung Hoang; Thi Xuan Binh Phung; Huu Tuyen Le; Cao Son Tran; Thu Hien Dang; Ngoc Tu Vu; Trong Nghia Nguyen; Thi Phuong Quynh Le
amoxicillin; antibiotic resistance; azithromycin; ciprofloxacin; lincomycin; liquid chromatography; ofloxacin; oxfendazole; pollution; research; risk assessment; river deltas; river water; solid phase extraction; sulfacetamide; sulfamethoxazole; surface water; tandem mass spectrometry; urban areas; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Antibiotic residues and antimicrobial resistance in surface water are issues of global concern, especially in developing countries. In this study, the occurrence of seven antibiotics and one antiparasitic agent was determined in surface water samples collected from four rivers running through Hanoi urban area in the Red River Delta, northern Vietnam. The pharmaceuticals in water samples were analy ...
Oumaima Boutoub; Soukaina El-Guendouz; Letícia M. Estevinho; Vanessa B. Paula; Smail Aazza; Lahsen El Ghadraoui; Brígida Rodrigues; Sara Raposo; Jorge Carlier; Maria C. Costa; Maria G. Miguel
Euphorbia officinarum; Euphorbia resinifera; acetylcholinesterase; aluminum; antioxidant activity; copper; honey; iron; lipoxygenases; pollution; research; superoxide anion; xanthine oxidase; Morocco
Abstract:
... Natural products may be applied in a wide range of domains, from agriculture to food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, the antioxidant properties and the capacity to inhibit some enzymatic activities of Euphorbia resinifera and Euphorbia officinarum aqueous extracts and honeys were assessed. The physicochemical characteristics were also evaluated. Higher amounts of iron, copper and alu ...
... Soil pollution is one of the most important issues in environmental governance at present. Using scientific and reasonable methods to estimate the economic losses caused by soil pollution is the basis for maximizing the effectiveness of governance resources. This study combines the methods of mixed group discussion and literature analysis to establish preliminary soil pollution value loss measurem ...
... The high cost and time for determining water quality parameters justify the importance of application of mathematical models in discovering connection among them. This paper presents a data mining technique and its improved version in estimating water quality parameters. For this purpose, the surface and ground water quality data from Hamedan (Iran) between 2006 and 2015 were analyzed using M5 mod ...
... Iron (Fe) fertilizer can reduce cadmium (Cd) uptake and toxicity in rice, but the underlying mechanisms of Cd mitigation by different fertilizers are poorly understood. Here, pot experiments in rice were conducted to characterize the effects of four types of foliar-applied Fe fertilizer (chelated ferrous Fe, ferric Fe, ionic ferrous Fe, and ferric Fe) at three doses (20, 50, and 100 mg L⁻¹) on pho ...
... Two novel ecological and low-cost adsorbents were prepared from seed residues of the tree species Anadenanthera macrocarpa and Cedrela fissilis for the removal of methylene blue dye in water. The materials were comminuted and characterized by different techniques. The particles of samples have a rough surface with cavities. The optimum dosage and pH for both materials were 1 g L⁻¹ and pH 8. The ps ...
Japan; atomic absorption spectrometry; blood; chickens; chromium; corn; groundwater; millets; municipal wastewater; research; research institutions; sewage; water pollution
Abstract:
... In the present study, the outcome of sewage, canal, and ground water on the chromium (Cr) concentration in corn and ultimately in chicken body parts was reported. To evaluate Cr level, atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer AA 6300, Shimadzu Japan) was used. The highest level of Cr in grains (0.50 ± 0.05 mg/kg), shoots (0.90 ± 0.01 mg/kg), and roots (1.01 ± ...
algorithms; decision making; divergent evolution; environmental governance; issues and policy; models; pollution; research; statistics; sustainable technology; China
Abstract:
... Assessing the corporate green technology progress and environmental governance performance is essential to estimate the technological levels and environment regulation capabilities of enterprises. With the official statistics of collected panel data, we estimate and evaluate the differential levels of provincial corporate green technology and environmental governance performance of industrial ente ...
algorithms; climate change; ecosystems; environmental assessment; geographic information systems; human health; land cover; normalized difference vegetation index; pollution; research; soil organic carbon; statistical analysis; wind; wind farms; wind power
Abstract:
... Wind energy is considered one of the cleanest and most sustainable resources among renewable energy sources. However, several negative environmental impacts can be observed, unless suitable sites are selected for the establishment of wind farms. The aim of this study is to determine the change in the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock resulting from land cover changes that were caused by wind farm es ...
... Trace element pollution in rivers by anthropogenic activities is an increasing problem worldwide. In this study, the contamination and ecological risk by several trace elements were evaluated along a 100-km stretch of the San Jorge River in Colombia, impacted by different mining activities. The increase of average concentration levels and range of trace elements in sediments (in μg/g) was as follo ...
... In this research, the Cu phytoremediation capacity of common mullein (Verbascum thapsus L.) was evaluated concerning plant growth, antioxidant enzymes, and photosynthetic activities. Plants were subjected to five Cu concentrations (0, 125, 250, 375, and 500 mg/L) under the hydroponic conditions for 2 weeks. The results showed that at 125 mg/L, root and shoot biomass and chlorophylls remained the s ...
... In the scope of the study, the protective effect of hesperidin (HES), a flavanone glycoside, was investigated against sodium arsenite (NaAsO₂, SA) induced heart and brain toxicity. For this purpose, 35 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 5 different groups, 7 in each group. Physiological saline was given to the first group. Dose of 200 mg/kg of HES to the second group, 10 mg/kg dose of SA t ...
... This study assessed the concentration, bioconcentration, and bioaccumulation of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in juvenile fishes (Acestrorynchus pantaneiro, Brycon orbygnianus, Cyphocharax voga, Megaleporinus obtusidens, Odontesthes bonariensis, Pimelodus maculatus, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, and Schizodon borelli) in the Lower Paraná River (Argentina), the most exte ...
... The study was carried out to evaluate the health risks associated with accumulation of cadmium in the different genotypes of wheat, grown in agricultural regions of Punjab, Pakistan. Five genotypes irrigated with three varied water sources were selected randomly from each region. Among all sources of water, types of soil, and grain samples, the cadmium (Cd) quantities were found (2.24–2.82 mg/L, 1 ...
... The respiratory tract is the route of entry for accidentally inhaled AgNPs, which can reach the lungs and redistribute to other main organs through systemic circulation. In the present work, we aimed to evaluate silver biodistribution and biological effects after 1 or 2 intratracheal instillations (IT) of two differently sized PVP-coated AgNPs (5 and 50 nm–3 mg/kg) and ionic silver (AgNO₃–1 mg/kg ...
air; air pollutants; ambient temperature; aquatic environment; biodegradability; biofilters; biofiltration; bioremediation; cost effectiveness; freshwater; human health; humans; pollution; population growth; research; toxicity; volatile organic compounds; wastewater
Abstract:
... The current scenario of increased population and industrial advancement leads to the spoliation of freshwater and tapper of the quality of water. These results decrease in freshwater bodies near all of the areas. Besides, organic and inorganic compounds discharged from different sources into the available natural water bodies are the cause of pollution. The occurrence of heavy metals in water and ...
... The large quantities and the persistent nature of fungicide wastewaters have increased the efforts towards a sustainable technological solution. In this context, fludioxonil-contaminated wastewater was treated in an upflow immobilized cell bioreactor, resulting in chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency even higher than 80%, whereas the electrical conductivity (EC) of the effluent was grad ...
Western blotting; alleles; bioinformatics; genetic markers; genotyping; haplotypes; inflammasomes; inflammation; males; mutants; plasmids; pollution; protein structure; protein synthesis; research; risk; risk reduction
Abstract:
... Inflammation is a complicated process and is considered to be responsible for the development of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). CARD8 is an important component of inflammasome that has been implicated in inflammation. To decide the relationship between the polymorphisms of CARD8 gene and NIHL risk and deduce the potential mechanism, three SNPs (rs2043211, rs1062808, and rs12459322) were genoty ...
air; air flow; coal; dust; face; pollution; research
Abstract:
... To explore the rule of airflow-dust-gas dispersion and interaction in a fully mechanized mining face, the airflow current vector, the dust trajectory, and the gas spatial distribution were numerically simulated by Fluent. The results show that under the influence of airflow, respiratory dust diffuses to the leeward side of each dust-producing point and footway space and forms a high-concentration ...
... The ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency. Thousands of articles have been published to tackle this crisis. Here, a bibliometric study of the publications in environmental studies has been conducted to identify the emerging research trends in this field in the era of COVID-19. Bibliometric analysis serves as a useful tool to evaluate research prod ...
... Personal travelling unfavourably contributes to the emissions of greenhouse gases, which adversely causes long-term damage to the climate. In order to reduce the associated negative impacts of such activities on the environment, there is a wide consensus that enhancements and innovations in the efficiency of vehicles will not be enough, but behavioural changes are needed. For this, individuals sho ...
carbon; carbon markets; models; pollution; research; sustainable development; China
Abstract:
... Improving carbon emissions performance in Chinese cities is a crucial way to promote China’s sustainable development. Employing the super-efficiency SBM model, we first estimate the carbon emissions efficiency (CEE) of 262 Chinese cities from 2003 to 2016. Then we study and explain the club convergence of CEE combining Markov and spatial Markov models and Moran’s I test method. The results show th ...
carbon; coasts; construction industry; issues and policy; pollution; research; China; Yangtze River; Yellow River
Abstract:
... Evaluating carbon emission performance of the construction industry is a significant prerequisite for developing regional carbon mitigation plans. Taking environmental and technical heterogeneities into account, this paper employed a meta-frontier method to measure the carbon emission efficiency, carbon mitigation potential, and costs of the construction sector in different regions of China from 2 ...
absorption; activation energy; hydrogen; magnesium hydride; pollution; research
Abstract:
... Reversible hydrogen storage in MgH₂ under specified conditions is a possible way for the positive reception of hydrogen economy, in which the developments of cheap and highly efficient catalysts are the major challenge, still now. Herein, MgH₂ − x wt% MM (x = 0, 10, 20, 30) nanomaterials are prepared via ball milling method and has been evaluated for the hydrogen storage performance, which are cha ...
chemical composition; cytokines; cytotoxicity; endotoxins; genotoxicity; luciferase; oxidative stress; pollution; research; traffic; transcriptional activation; China
Abstract:
... Exposure to PM₂.₅ can cause adverse health outcomes. In this study, we analyzed PM₂.₅ samples collected from suburban and urban sites, including a traffic tunnel in Suzhou, China, for their physicochemical properties, endotoxin contents, and effects on HepG2 and A549 cells in vitro. The greatest cellular responses, including oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, inflammatory, and transcrip ...
... Ceramic hydroxyapatite foam (CF-HAP) was prepared by combining slip-casting and foaming methods. The prepared CF-HAP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), physisorption of N₂, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of the specific surface area and SEM analyses revealed that the used shaping method provides CF-HAP with a wide ran ...
COVID-19 infection; disease control; health care workers; health services; oral hygiene; pandemic; pollution; research; risk
Abstract:
... The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) created a significant impact on the oral healthcare profession, and dentists are reported to have a higher risk of transmission. Aerosols and droplets are considered as primary reasons for the transmission of this infectious disease. Quality dental treatment may not be possible without the interference of aerosols in daily dental practice. Ho ...
COVID-19 infection; air; air pollutants; air pollution; air quality; confidence interval; humans; models; normalized difference vegetation index; regression analysis; research; t-test; vegetation; China
Abstract:
... In order to control the spread of COVID-19, China had implemented strict lockdown measures. The closure of cities had had a huge impact on human production and consumption activities, which had greatly reduced population mobility. This article used air pollutant data from 341 cities in mainland China and divided these cities into seven major regions based on geographic conditions and climatic envi ...
climate; climate change; eddy covariance; evaporation; evapotranspiration; hydrologic cycle; land cover; land use; land use and land cover maps; meteorological data; pollution; relative humidity; research; spring; watersheds; winter; China
Abstract:
... The Huai River Basin (HRB) has experienced significant climate and land use and land cover changes (LUCC) which have impacted the water cycle in recent times. However, little is understood about the impact of climate change and LUCC affecting evapotranspiration (ET). Thus, we investigate how surface ET response to climate change and LUCC in the HRB for the period from 2001 to 2014. ET and land cov ...
... Organic and nitrogen pollutants in mine water could be removed effectively during the storage and transport of water in a coal mine underground reservoir packed with coal gangue through various water-rock interactions. However, little is known about the effect of the released dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from the packed matrix on their removal. Column experiments were performed at a Darc ...
ammonia; automobiles; biodiesel; diesel engines; geometry; mass flow; oxygen; pollution; reducing agents; research; smoke; temperature; urea; India
Abstract:
... Use of biodiesel in diesel engine helps to reduce HC, CO, and smoke emissions due to their enormous oxygen content, whereas NOx emissions formed by Zeldovich mechanism shoot up. Implementation of Bharat Stage (BS) VI by April 2020 in India has created extreme pressure on automobile manufacturers to include after treatment technology in their systems. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR), a NOx cont ...
... In recent decades, the increasing number of degraded lands worldwide makes their rehabilitation essential and crucial. Various techniques have emerged to fulfill these needs but most of them are expensive and difficult to be applied. Revegetation is a cost effective, environmental friendly, and aesthetically pleasing approach suitable for degraded areas. However, the use of edible crops, especiall ...
... Chlorine (Cl) in the terrestrial environment is of interest from multiple perspectives, including the use of chloride as a tracer for water flow and contaminant transport, organochlorine pollutants, Cl cycling, radioactive waste (radioecology; ³⁶Cl is of large concern) and plant science (Cl as essential element for living plants). During the past decades, there has been a rapid development towards ...
... Textile and dyeing are one of the most significant industries in many states. The employing of natural dyes in dyeing procedure is very important due to the environmental security of the area. To obtain a green, clean, and environmentally friendly dyeing of yarns, two natural dyes of madder and weld, which are native to Iran, were employed for dyeing yarns for carpet preparation. Due to the low af ...
... Recent attention has been focused on reproductive toxicity of nanoscale materials in combination with pre-existing environmental pollutants. Due to its unique characteristics, bismuth (III) oxide (Bi₂O₃) nanoparticles (BONPs) are being used in diverse fields including cosmetics and biomedicine. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a known endocrine disruptor that most common sources of BaP exposure to humans a ...
Escherichia coli; chemical oxygen demand; circular economy; disinfection; formaldehyde; freshwater; methylene blue; mineral fertilizers; municipal wastewater; nitrogen; orthophosphates; ozonation; ozone; phosphorus; research; total nitrogen; ultrasonic treatment; ultrasonics; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... The present work is a preliminary study on the potential of low-frequency ultrasound irradiation coupled with O₃ process for the disinfection of a primary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant preserving nutrient levels (in particular nitrogen and phosphorous), for its possible reuse in civil, industrial, and agricultural sectors. The treated water could be reused, after appropriate ...
... Algae have long been acclaimed as the attractive renewable source for generating third-generation biofuels, particularly biodiesel. Under the present investigation, the trends of production of biomass and lipid during the autotrophic and heterotrophic growth of newly isolated blue-green algae, Leptolyngbya subtilis JUCHE1, were compared and correlated with the variation in C-sources. In the autotr ...
... L-Threonine and three kinds of conductive polymers were applied for anode modification in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for decolorization of Congo red with simultaneous electricity generation. The description of modified anodes with FTIR, surface contact angle, and CV analysis showed that the anode surface was successfully grafted with functional groups, with improving wettability, as well as the i ...
carbon dioxide; cost effectiveness; electricity generation; nuclear power; pollution; power generation; renewable energy sources; research
Abstract:
... The objective of this study is to compare the cost efficiencies of nuclear power and renewable energy generation in reducing CO₂ emissions. To achieve this objective, we estimate the relationship between CO₂ emissions and both nuclear power and renewable energy generation in 16 major nuclear power–generating countries, and compare the costs of both energy generation methods in reducing CO₂ emissio ...
ammonium; bioelectricity; chemical oxygen demand; electric potential difference; nitrates; nitrogen; organic matter; research; sewage; total nitrogen
Abstract:
... Organic matter and NH₄⁺-N are two major pollutants in domestic sewage. This study evaluated the influence of plant and circuit operation mode on the performance of constructed wetlands integrated with microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) and investigated the removal mechanisms of organic matter and nitrogen. Better chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was achieved in closed-circuit CW-MFCs regardless of ...
... Water is a vital substance that constitutes biological structures and sustains life. However, water pollution is currently among the major environmental challenges and has attracted increasing study attention. How to handle contaminated water now mainly focuses on removing or reducing the pollutants from the wastewater. Cyclodextrin derivatives, possessing external hydrophilic and internal hydroph ...
... Biochar (BC) has been widely used to remove heavy metals from wastewater. However, due to the hydrophobicity of BC and the lack of its surface functional groups, the effect of metal ions adsorption onto BC is limited. In order to improve the adsorption efficiency, L-cysteine was used to modify biochar derived from pomelo peel (PP) to regulate surface structure. The characteristics of BC and cystei ...
... The transportation sector has a dominant contribution to the fast-growing economy of the developing country Bangladesh. However, the nature of operating the transportation sector in the country requires an excessive amount of fossil energy which causes the rise of CO₂ emissions. Ascertaining the impending factors and technologically to conserve energy, as well as governing CO₂ emissions from this ...
aerodynamics; air pollution; heart rate; particulates; research
Abstract:
... There is a delayed (lag 1 to 2 days) correlation between acute PM 2.5 (particulate matter < 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) exposure and cardiovascular events, but the underlying mechanism remained unclear. We aimed to investigate the delayed impact of acute PM 2.5 exposures on cardiac autonomics through linear and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV) analyses. Among 6912 patients who had receiv ...
... Burial is applied to dispose of livestock carcasses due to its convenience and cost efficiency despite concerns about groundwater contamination by leachate from burial pits. In particular, the burial method has caused debates about groundwater contamination sources around on-farm livestock burial sites because of pre- and coexisting contamination from livestock production and agriculture. To asses ...
... National Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for zinc used for the assessment of ecological status in freshwaters have been shown to vary by over two orders of magnitude across 25 European countries. Such variability is unlikely to reflect consistent ecological protection or environmental relevance. Recent European technical guidance on EQS derivation gives an opportunity to derive protective me ...
... Treatment of textile wastewater using ultrafiltration membranes was carried out in this study. Since membrane fouling is a major operational problem that decreases the membrane separation efficiency, wastewater was treated with polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and alum (aluminum sulfate) as coagulant to decrease the fouling of ultrafiltration membranes. PACl was selected as the best coagulant in the e ...
... There is a need to develop an accurate and reliable model for predicting suspended sediment load (SSL) because of its complexity and difficulty in practice. This is due to the fact that sediment transportation is extremely nonlinear and is directed by numerous parameters such as rainfall, sediment supply, and strength of flow. Thus, this study examined two scenarios to investigate the effectivenes ...
... Mechanical vapor compression and multi-effect evaporation have been widely used in achieving zero discharge of desulfurization wastewater as they are energy-saving and efficient technologies. Solubilized weak ions, such as CO₃²⁻, SO₃²⁻, and NH₄⁺, in the desulfurization wastewater are partly converted into CO₂, SO₂, and NH₃, respectively, during the vacuum evaporation process, thus affecting the he ...
... The pervasiveness of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems has become a major environmental issue in recent years. The gradual dumping of plastic wastes, inadequate standard detection methods with specific removal techniques, and slow disposal rate of microplastics make it ubiquitous in the environment. Evidence shows that microplastics act as a potential vector by adsorbing different heavy metals, ...
Georgios Charvalas; Alexandra D. Solomou; Kyriakos D. Giannoulis; Elpiniki Skoufogianni; Dimitrios Bartzialis; Christina Emmanouil; Nicholaos G. Danalatos
... Phytoremediation is an effective technique for the processing of contaminated soil and for sequestering environmental contaminants such as heavy metals. This kind of pollution is ubiquitous in mines and similar excavation sites. This mini-review aims to provide an overview of the alternative forms of restoring contaminated soils (phytoremediation) highlighting the areas of Kozani (Agios Dimitrios) ...
European Union; active ingredients; clothianidin; cowpeas; good agricultural practices; half life; maximum residue limits; metabolites; pollution; research; tandem mass spectrometry; thiamethoxam; ultra-performance liquid chromatography
Abstract:
... The dissipation and residue levels of thiamethoxam and its metabolite clothianidin in cowpea were investigated under field conditions. Samples of cowpea were analyzed using a QuEChERS technique with ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The recoveries were 86.5–118.9% for thiamethoxam and 75.6–104.1% for clothianidin, with the coefficient of variation of < 13%. The wate ...
... At the watershed scale, soil erosion is a cascading system that includes detachment–transport–deposition processes while sediment yield is the net balance of detachment and deposition at the watershed outlet. Due to the temporal-spatial variations of rainfall and landscapes, the relationships between soil erosion and sediment yield are complex and non-linear. Soil erosion processes and sediment yi ...
Codex Alimentarius; electronic wastes; environmental assessment; environmental quality; groundwater; health status; heavy metals; human health; paddies; paddy soils; pollution; research; rice; risk; sediments; surface water; topsoil; China
Abstract:
... As one of the largest electronic waste (e-waste) disassembling sites in China, environmental quality and human health of Longtang town have always been the focus of concern and research. With the effective enforcement of relevant laws, most informal e-waste dismantling centers have been shut down, but heavy metals are non-biodegradable and easily enriched contaminants that are difficult to remove ...
... Thiophanate methyl is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide extensively applied in pre- and post-harvest, for the control of a wide range of fruit and vegetable pathogens. In the current work, the residue behavior of thiophanate methyl after application on strawberries and an estimation of the consumer dietary exposure was performed. Supervised field trials were conducted in Egypt (Qaluobiya Go ...
COVID-19 infection; United States Environmental Protection Agency; benzene; mortality; mortgages; pandemic; pollution; regression analysis; research; unemployment
Abstract:
... The COVID-19 outbreak has become a global pandemic. The spatial variation in the environmental, health, socioeconomic, and demographic risk factors of COVID-19 death rate is not well understood. Global models and local linear models were used to estimate the impact of risk factors of the COVID-19, but these do not account for the nonlinear relationships between the risk factors and the COVID-19 de ...
air pollution; carbon; carbon dioxide; economic development; energy; environmental Kuznets curve; gross domestic product; income; models; research; value added; Azerbaijan
Abstract:
... This study empirically analyzes the long-term relationship between agricultural production and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in Azerbaijan using annual data covering the period of 1992–2014. Additionally, real income and energy consumption variables were included in the model in testing the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method ...
... This study empirically investigates the effect of meat consumption on greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) in the USA. The impact of meat consumption on greenhouse gas emissions is examined by controlling for economic growth and energy consumption. The empirical analysis finds that all these variables are cointegrated for the long run. Moreover, meat consumption ag ...
econometrics; economic development; environmental Kuznets curve; income; motivation; pollution; research
Abstract:
... This study aims to achieve two main objectives; first, it provides a brief but critical description of the empirical literature on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in terms of history, origin, micro-foundations, measurement of environmental degradation, methodologies and samples. Second, it examines the curious attraction of the EKC despite considerable criticism it has attracted over time. T ...
... The current coronavirus pandemic is leading to significant impacts on the planet, changing our way of life. Although the COVID-19 virus mechanisms of action and pathogenesis are still under extensive research, immune system effects are evident, leading, in many cases, to respiratory distress. Although apparent pollution reduction has been noticed by the population, environmental and human health i ...
... This study investigates the dynamic effects of the shadow economy and environmental pollution on the energy stock prices in the case of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries via generalized methods of moments (GMM) and during the years from 2004 to 2014. Results suggest significant links between the volume of shadow economies, energy stock prices, and environm ...
... Soil phosphorus fractions in wetland ecosystems have received increasing attention due to its high eutrophication risks. Soil samples were collected to 40 cm depth in three sampling seasons to investigate the seasonal dynamics of organic and inorganic phosphorus fractions, bioavailability, and relationship between those and soil properties in a seasonal-flooding wetland in the Yellow River Estuary ...
assets; computer software; electric power; energy; environmental impact; pollution; prices; research; wind; India
Abstract:
... This paper intends to show the aspects of an environment-friendly hybrid energy system (HES) for reducing the electrical power problems in remote areas and providing pollution-free energy. It draws attention towards renewable HES to attain a consistent and independent system. Optimization of the apparatus extent, step-up asset price, and effects on environment is also taken care of. The HES is cap ...
... Glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl]glycine) is one of the most popular herbicides now used in agricultural practice. The aim of this paper was to discuss the research progress and innovations in recent years on the mitigation of glyphosate (GLY) from aqueous media by adsorption. The ecotoxicology of GLY was discussed in the domain of its chronic and sub-chronic toxicity, genotoxicity, reproductive tox ...