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1. Biocontrol bacterial communities associated with diseased peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants

Author:
Ludueña, Liliana M.; Taurian, Tania; Tonelli, María Laura; Angelini, Jorge Guillermo; Anzuay, María Soledad; Valetti, Lucio; Muñoz, Vanina; Fabra, Adriana I.
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 48-55
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Fusarium solani; Sclerotinia minor; antibiosis; bacteria; bacterial communities; biological control; biological control agents; carbon; ecosystems; endophytes; epiphytes; fungi; genetic variation; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; peanuts; ribosomal DNA; root rot; sequence analysis; siderophores; soil
Abstract:
... In the present study, the isolation and characterization of endophytic and epiphytic biocontrol bacteria from peanut plants affected with white mold and root rot are described. Two hundred and sixty three isolates were selected from diseased plants and biocontrol traits analyzed were antibiosis against Sclerotinia minor and Fusarium solani, siderophore production and similarities in carbon source ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.08.002

2. Changes in the forms of lead and manganese in soils by passage through the gut of the tropical endogeic earthworm (Pontoscolex corethrurus)

Author:
Duarte, Ana Paula; Melo, Vander Freitas; Brown, George Gardner; Pauletti, Volnei
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 32-39
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Pontoscolex corethrurus; absorption; aluminum; bioremediation; digestive system; earthworms; iron; lead; manganese; manganese oxides; metallurgy; mining; organic matter; soil; soil sampling; Brazil
Abstract:
... To investigate the effect of the soil passage through the gut of earthworms (Pontoscolex corethrurus) on the forms of Pb and Mn, casts and soil samples were analyzed by sequential extraction procedure. Soil samples were collected in an area under direct influence of mining and metallurgy of Pb in the Parana state, Brazil. The earthworms were incubated with the soils to collect castings. The Pb and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.08.004

3. Co-occurrence of earthworms in Lamto savanna: A null model analysis of community structure

Author:
Ehouman, N'guetta Moise; Tiho, Seydou; Dagnogo, Mamadou
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 40-47
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Millsonia; Porifera; Stuhlmannia; community structure; earthworms; models; savannas
Abstract:
... Diamonds assembly rules predict that competitive interaction leads to a non-random cooccurrence of patterns. Earthworms were sampled in three sites of vegetation of Lamto savanna to test the reducing level of co-occurrence of species among earthworm communities. Null model and spatial method were used as cokriging to generate patterns expected in the absence of species interactions. Three indices ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.08.007

4. Differential responses of the diazotrophic community to aluminum-tolerant and aluminum-sensitive soybean genotypes in acidic soil

Author:
Li, Yongchun; Yang, Tongyi; Zhang, Peipei; Zou, Ailan; Peng, Xin; Wang, Lingling; Yang, Rongwu; Qi, Jinliang; Yang, Yonghua
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 76-85
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Azospirillum brasilense; Rhizobium; acid soils; aluminum; community structure; crop production; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; flowering; genes; genotype; nitrogen-fixing bacteria; phylogeny; plant growth; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rhizosphere; seedlings; soybeans
Abstract:
... Aluminum (Al) is one of the limiting factors for crop production in acidic soil. We aimed to demonstrate how the rhizosphere diazotrophic community responds to two contrasting soybean genotypes, BX10 (Al-tolerant) and BD2 (Al-sensitive), under Al stress at different growth stages. The diversity and abundance of nifH gene in the rhizosphere soils were assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophor ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.09.004

5. Effect of flooding by fresh and brackish water on earthworm communities along Matsalu Bay and the Kasari River

Author:
Ivask, Mari; Meriste, Mart; Kuu, Annely; Kutti, Sander; Sizov, Eduard
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 11-15
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
aeration; brackish water; earthworms; freshwater; habitats; meadows; rivers; saline water; seawater; soil; water content; water salinity; wetlands; Baltic Sea
Abstract:
... The continuum of Matsalu Bay and the Kasari River located on the east coast of the Baltic Sea represents a complex mosaic of marine, coastal and inland wetlands (shallow sea waters, estuarine waters, coastal lagoons, an inland delta and flooded meadows). Earthworm communities were studied at five sites on the southern shore of Matsalu Bay and the banks of the Kasari River under different salt wate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.08.001

6. Effects of free and encapsulated co-culture bacteria on cotton growth and soil bacterial communities

Author:
Guo, Lina; Wu, Zhansheng; Rasool, Aamir; Li, Chun
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 16-22
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Bacillus subtilis; Klebsiella oxytoca; antioxidants; biomass; catalase; coculture; cotton; crop yield; damping off; encapsulation; leaves; peroxidase; shoots; soil; soil bacteria; soil salinization; species diversity; superoxide dismutase
Abstract:
... Soil salinization and cotton damping-off disease are limiting the cotton yield in the world. To overcome them, encapsulated co-culture bacteria was successfully applied. The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of free and encapsulated co-culture bacteria Klebsiella oxytoca Rs-5 and BCL-8 (mixture of Bacillus subtilis SL-13, SL-14 and SL-44) on promoting cotton growth, alleviating soil sa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.08.003

7. Effects of organic amendments on soil carbon fractions, enzyme activity and humus–enzyme complexes under semi-arid conditions

Author:
Bastida, Felipe; Jindo, Keiji; Moreno, José Luis; Hernández, Teresa; García, Carlos
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 94-102
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
beta-glucosidase; carbon; composts; enzyme activity; humic substances; immobilized enzymes; microbial biomass; municipal solid waste; organic wastes; semiarid zones; sewage sludge; soil; soil amendments; soil ecology; soil enzymes; urease; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... The objectives of this study are to evaluate the changes in the pool of organic carbon fractions, microbial biomass, and the activity of total enzymes and humus–enzyme complexes of a semi-arid soil amended with organic wastes of distinct origin during a period 360 days. The experiment was carried out during 360 days under laboratory conditions using soil microcosms (500 g) amended with two differe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.09.003

8. Genetic signature of accidental transfer of the peregrine earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus (Clitellata, Glossoscolecidae) in French Guiana

Author:
Dupont, L.; Decaëns, T.; Lapied, E.; Chassany, V.; Marichal, R.; Dubs, F.; Maillot, M.; Roy, V.
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 70-75
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Pontoscolex corethrurus; amplified fragment length polymorphism; clonal variation; earthworms; ecosystems; forests; genetic markers; humans; loci; parthenogenesis; population genetics; soil; French Guiana
Abstract:
... Despite the increasing interest in biological invasions by earthworms which cause important changes in soils, biota and ecosystem processes after introduction, little is known about their history of colonisation. Population genetics tools may provide interesting insights into evolutionary processes occurring during an invasion phase; however a prerequisite is the knowledge of genetic variability w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.09.001

9. Land use effects on soil quality along a native wetland to cropland chronosequence

Author:
Wang, Quanying; Liu, Jingshuang; Wang, Yang; Guan, Jiunian; Liu, Qiang; Lv, Dui-an
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 114-120
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
chronosequences; cropland; enzyme activity; enzymes; land use change; physicochemical properties; soil; soil organic carbon; soil quality; soil sampling; wetlands
Abstract:
... A large proportion of wetlands that once existed have been destroyed, and a factor usually neglected is how the duration of cultivation affects soil quality. This study aimed to reveal how land use change impacts soil quality in the temporal dimension through soil organic carbon, water-stable aggregates, and enzymes activities. Soil samples from a native wetland and five croplands which have been ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.09.008

10. Measuring microbial biomass carbon by direct extraction – Comparison with chloroform fumigation-extraction

Author:
Setia, Raj; Verma, Suman Lata; Marschner, Petra
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 103-106
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
carbon; chloroform; clay fraction; correlation; fumigation; microbial biomass; organic matter; rapid methods; soil fertility
Abstract:
... Soil microbial biomass, a small and highly dynamic organic matter pool, plays a critical role in soil fertility. Therefore it is important to have an accurate and rapid method to measure microbial biomass carbon (C). The chloroform fumigation extraction (CFE) method is used by most researchers, but it is quite time-consuming. The direct extraction method where the chloroform exposure and extractio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.09.005

11. Mechanical fragmentation enhances the contribution of Collembola to leaf litter decomposition

Author:
Yang, Xiaodong; Yang, Zhao; Warren, Matthew W.; Chen, Jin
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 23-31
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Collembola; carbon nitrogen ratio; mineralization; nitrogen content; plant litter; soil fauna; trees; trophic relationships
Abstract:
... Soil fauna influence the decomposition and nutrient mineralization of leaf litter; however, the specific contributions of mechanical fragmentation (macrofauna activity) and meso-fauna to nutrient mineralization, and their interactions with litter quality, require further study. Our aim was to investigate the independent and interactive effects of litter quality, mechanical fragmentation, and Colle ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.07.006

12. Nitrification activity and levels of inorganic nitrogen in soils of a semi-arid ecosystem following a drought-induced shrub death

Author:
Sher, Yonatan; Zaady, Eli; Ronen, Zeev; Nejidat, Ali
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 86-93
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Thymelaea; ammonia; biogeochemical cycles; community structure; death; drought; ecosystems; environmental impact; microorganisms; nitrates; nitrification; nitrogen; nitrogen oxides; oxidants; oxidation; rain; runoff; semiarid soils; shrubs; soil sampling; surface water; winter; Israel
Abstract:
... In arid ecosystems, higher rates of biogeochemical cycles occur in soils under shrub canopies than in inter-shrubs spaces. Therefore, changes in shrub cover may have great impact on ecosystem functioning. Recently, a drought-induced massive shrub death was observed in the semi-arid northern Negev Desert in Israel. The aim of this study was to examine the consequences of the shrub death on the leve ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.09.002

13. Response of soil microorganisms and enzyme activities on the decomposition of transgenic cyanophycin-producing potatoes during overwintering in soil

Author:
Lahl, Kerstin; Unger, Christoph; Emmerling, Christoph; Broer, Inge; Thiele-Bruhn, Sören
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
community structure; cultivars; enzyme activity; field experimentation; genetic engineering; genetically modified organisms; hibernation; microbial activity; microbial biomass; microbial communities; overwintering; peroxidase; phenol; potatoes; soil; soil microorganisms; tubers; winter
Abstract:
... Potential effects of genetically modified (GM) potato tubers producing cyanophycin, along with possibly altered enzyme activities in the tubers, were investigated with regard to the biomass, enzyme activity and structural diversity of microorganisms. Caulosphere and bulk soil were sampled in field experiments three to five times during each of three consecutive winter seasons. Microbial biomass an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.07.005

14. Spatial organization of earthworm assemblages in pastures of northwestern France

Author:
Richard, Benoit; Legras, Marc; Margerie, Pierre; Mathieu, Jerôme; Barot, Sébastien; Caro, Gaël; Desjardins, Thierry; Dubs, Florence; Dupont, Lise; Decaëns, Thibaud
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 62-69
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
dissociation; earthworms; ecosystem engineers; pastures; soil; France
Abstract:
... Studying spatial patterns of soil engineers has become an important issue that may contribute to a better understanding of soil functioning. We investigated the spatial patterns of earthworm species assemblages in a recently settled and an old temperate pasture. Earthworms were sampled following a spatially explicit sampling design. Data were analysed using Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs met ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.08.005

15. Temporal effect of straw addition on amino acid utilization by soil microorganisms

Author:
Geisseler, Daniel; Joergensen, Rainer Georg; Ludwig, Bernard
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 107-113
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
amino acids; ammonification; microbial communities; mineralization; nitrogen; proteins; soil; soil microorganisms; soil sampling; straw
Abstract:
... Microorganisms may take up simple nitrogen (N) containing organic molecules directly or they may deaminate them first and take up the ammonium released. The present study was carried out to investigate how the incorporation of straw into soil affects the N uptake pathway of soil microorganisms. Soil samples were incubated for 84 days at 20 °C with and without straw addition. The mineralization rat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.09.006

16. The impact of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil quality parameters and the productivity of irrigated maize crops in semiarid regions

Author:
Biau, Anna; Santiveri, Francisca; Mijangos, Iker; Lloveras, Jaume
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 56-61
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
acid phosphatase; carbon; carbon dioxide; corn; crops; earthworms; field experimentation; grain yield; irrigation; microbial biomass; mineral fertilizers; nitrates; nitrogen; organic matter; pig manure; resistance to penetration; semiarid zones; soil; soil quality; Spain
Abstract:
... Pig slurry (PS) is widely used as a fertilizer for the production of maize in Spain. Field testing was carried out over a ten-year period to compare the performance of maize fertilized with PS (45 m³ ha⁻¹, equivalent to 315 kg nitrogen (N) ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) (PS45) and mineral fertilizer (300 kg N ha⁻¹) (N300) along with a N-free control (N0). Grain yield, biomass at physiological maturity, plant N upta ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.08.008

17. Xylophagous termites: A potential sink for atmospheric nitrous oxide

Author:
Majeed, Muhammad Zeeshan; Miambi, Edouard; Robert, Alain; Bernoux, Martial; Brauman, Alain
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.53 pp. 121-125
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Hodotermes mossambicus; Hodotermopsis; Nasutitermes; acetylene reduction; biomass; denitrification; digestive system; ethylene; gas exchange; genes; headspace analysis; microorganisms; nitrogen; nitrogenase; nitrous oxide
Abstract:
... To provide a better understanding of soil–atmosphere gas exchange processes, this study describes the atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O) uptake by xylophagous termites and the biological process involved. The N₂O consumption rates of three xylophagous termite species (Hodotermes mossambicus, Nasutitermes voeltzkowi and Hodotermopsis sjoestedti) were determined in incubation vials with ambient, artifi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.10.002

18. Changes in root-associated microbial communities are determined by species-specific plant growth responses to stress and disturbance

Author:
Bouasria, Abderrahim; Mustafa, Tarfa; De Bello, Francesco; Zinger, Lucie; Lemperiere, Guy; Geremia, Roberto A.; Choler, Philippe
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.52 pp. 59-66
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
grasses; plant growth; rhizosphere; water shortages; community structure; fungal communities; variance; plant characteristics; drought; single-stranded conformational polymorphism; species diversity; defoliation; multivariate analysis; biomass; bacteria; fungi
Abstract:
... The diversity changes in the rhizosphere microbial communities of four grass species submitted to a stress (drought) and/or a disturbance (defoliation) were examined in a full factorial common garden experiment. The diversity of bacterial and fungal communities was determined using Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) and multivariate analyses of variance were performed to test for the e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.06.003

19. Cloning of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane dehydrochlorinase gene with its flanking regions from soil by activity-based screening techniques

Author:
Ito, Michihiro; Ono, Akira; Ohtsubo, Yoshiyuki; Tsuda, Masataka; Nagata, Yuji
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.52 pp. 16-19
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
DNA libraries; clones; genes; soil
Abstract:
... Activity-based screening techniques were applied to clone a gene encoding γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) dehydrochlorinase with its flanking regions from a cosmid-based library of DNA that was extracted from a γ-HCH-added suspension of HCH-contaminated soil. A total of 11 cosmid clones showing the γ-HCH dehydrochlorinase activity were obtained through the screenings, indicating the validity of th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.05.001

20. Ecological and physiological effects of soil management practices on earthworm communities in French vineyards

Author:
Schreck, Eva; Gontier, Laure; Dumat, Camille; Geret, Florence
Source:
European journal of soil biology 2012 v.52 pp. 8-15
ISSN:
1164-5563
Subject:
Aporrectodea; adults; agricultural soils; autumn; bioavailability; biomarkers; biomass; catalase; cholinesterase; earthworms; ecotoxicology; environmental factors; enzyme activity; farming systems; field experimentation; glutathione transferase; juveniles; manual weed control; neurotoxicity; nutrients; pesticides; pollutants; predators; soil management; spring; vines; vineyards; France
Abstract:
... In recent literature, very few studies have reported the use of the combination of indicators from ecological communities and ecotoxicity biomarkers in field experiments to assess agricultural quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of three soil management practices of vine inter-rows (chemical weeding, mechanical weeding and grass-covering) on earthworms, in the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.05.002