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You searched for: Journal European journal of soil science Remove constraint Journal: European journal of soil science Publication Year 2006 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2006 Source 2006 v.57 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 2006 v.57 no.6
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1. Adaptive sampling and reconnaissance surveys for geostatistical mapping of the soil

Author:
Marchant, B.P.; Lark, R.M.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 831-845
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
kriging; simulation models; geospatial technology; equations; soil surveys; spatial data; algorithms
Abstract:
... The effort required to survey a soil variable depends upon the acceptable uncertainty of estimates and the variogram of the variable. The variogram is unknown prior to sampling, so it must be inferred from a reconnaissance survey before an efficient survey can be designed. The results of reconnaissance surveys are subject to uncertainty, which depends upon the variogram and the number and location ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00774.x

2. Application of diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression to predict NMR properties of soil organic matter

Author:
Leifeld, J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 846-857
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
soil chemical properties; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; nitrogen; soil organic matter; equations; least squares; physicochemical properties; carbon; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; measurement
Abstract:
... Carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹³C NMR) is a powerful technique for studying the structure and turnover of soil organic matter, but is time consuming and expensive. It is therefore worth seeking swifter and cheaper methods. Diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy (DRIFT), along with partial least squares (PLS) algorithms, provides statistical models to quantify soil properties, ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00776.x

3. Baseline values and change in the soil, and implications for monitoring

Author:
Lark, R.M.; Bellamy, P.H.; Kirk, G.J.D.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 916-921
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic carbon; monitoring; soil properties; soil degradation; losses from soil; regression analysis; equations; England; Wales
Abstract:
... The soil is subject to change, and this must be monitored and understood. There are various circumstances in which the change in a soil property will depend in part on the baseline value that was first measured. Such a relationship may allow us to estimate change with greater precision, but it will also reflect in part the statistical phenomenon of regression to the mean. In this paper, we describ ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00875.x

4. Contributions of incorporated residue and living roots to aggregate-associated and microbial carbon in two soils with different clay mineralogy

Author:
Denef, K.; Six, J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 774-786
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
kaolinitic soils; Mollisols; clay minerals; illitic soils; plant residues; soil organic matter; soil stabilization; Oxisols; carbon; soil microorganisms; Triticum aestivum; root growth; roots; soil aggregates; Nebraska; Brazil
Abstract:
... We conducted a study to investigate the role of aggregates in the stabilization of residue- and root-derived C in an illitic Mollisol and a kaolinitic Oxisol under the following treatments: (i) incorporated residue, (ii) growing plants, and (iii) both incorporated residue and growing plants. Residue-C dynamics were followed in soils incubated with ¹³C-labelled wheat residue with and without unlabe ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00762.x

5. Lanthanide and trace element mobilization in a lateritic toposequence: inferences from the Kaya laterite in Burkina Faso

Author:
Dequincey, O.; Chabaux, F.; Leprun, J.-C.; Paquet, H.; Clauer, N.; Larque, P.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 816-830
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
soil; soil weathering; soil formation; geochemistry; soil chemistry; toposequences; chemical composition; trace elements; spatial distribution; depth; humid tropics; Burkina Faso
Abstract:
... The geochemical development of laterites, a very common superficial formation in the tropics, is still a matter of debate. To determine the main steps of their formation, and to interpret lateral geochemical variations often observed within laterites, we studied the Kaya ferricrete in northern Burkina Faso by analysing two profiles in contrasting topographic positions. We determined the mineralogy ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00773.x

6. Modelling the effect of particle size, shape and orientation of light transfer through porous media

Author:
Bänninger, D.; Lehmann, P.; Flühler, H.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 906-915
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
particles; simulation models; transmittance; equations; light intensity; soil depth; soil structure; particle size; soil texture; shape; reflectance; accuracy
Abstract:
... In this study, we present a radiative-transfer model to simulate reflectance and transmittance of light by soil slabs. The radiative-transfer model implemented, referred to as the beam-tracing model, uses cross-sectional images of scattering media to describe the geometry of the soil, i.e. soil texture and structure. This model traces the optical path of incident beams through such cross-sectional ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00787.x

7. Modelling the effect of soil water content and sorption on dye-tracer fluorescence

Author:
Bänninger, D.; Lehmann, P.; Flühler, H.; Guglielmetti, M.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 808-815
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
simulation models; soil water content; fluorescence; fluorescent labeling; water flow; soil profiles; fluorescent dyes; adsorption
Abstract:
... Fluorescent dye tracers are used to show concentration maps of tracer fronts, plumes and pathways on soil profiles and in monolith cross sections. The physical process of fluorescence from the exposed soil surfaces must be understood in order to retrieve accurately the concentration of such compounds. We found in a laboratory experiment that the fluorescence of quartz sand stained with Acid Yellow ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00772.x

8. On spatial prediction of soil properties in the presence of a spatial trend: the empirical best linear unbiased predictor (E-BLUP) with REML

Author:
Lark, R.M.; Cullis, B.R.; Welham, S.J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 787-799
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
kriging; linear models; soil water content; spatial distribution; geostatistics; equations; spatial data
Abstract:
... Geostatistical estimates of a soil property by kriging are equivalent to the best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs). Universal kriging is BLUP with a fixed-effect model that is some linear function of spatial co-ordinates, or more generally a linear function of some other secondary predictor variable when it is called kriging with external drift. A problem in universal kriging is to find a spati ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00768.x

9. Oxygen and methane depletion in soil affected by leakage of natural gas

Author:
Steven, M.D.; Smith, K.L.; Beardsley, M.D.; Colls, J.J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 800-807
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
greenhouse gases; grasses; beans; soil bacteria; soil temperature; simulation models; gas exchange; equations; wheat; methane; oxidation; gas emissions; methanotrophs; microbial activity; oxygen; England
Abstract:
... As part of a study to simulate plant responses to leaks from pipelines, we injected natural gas into soil at a depth of 1 m in plots of grass, wheat and beans. Measurements of oxygen and methane in soil exposed to gas show that oxygen is depleted significantly to values less than would be caused by simple displacement by natural gas, indicating consumption within the soil by methanotrophic bacteri ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00770.x

10. Soil moisture, carbon and nitrogen dynamics following incorporation and surface application of labelled crop residues in soil columns

Author:
Coppens, F.; Garnier, P.; DeGryze, S.; Merckx, R.; Recous, S.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 894-905
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
conservation tillage; greenhouse gases; plant residues; nitrogen; spatial distribution; soil organic matter; soil properties; soil water regimes; carbon; carbon sequestration; soil microorganisms; soil respiration; degradation; microbial activity; soil-atmosphere interactions
Abstract:
... One way to increase the amount of carbon sequestered in agricultural land is to convert conventional tillage into no-tillage systems. This greatly affects the location of crop residues in soil. To investigate the impact of the location of residues on soil physical and biological properties and how the interactions between those properties influence the fate of carbon and nitrogen in soil, we did a ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00783.x

11. The Kalman filter for the pedologist's tool kit

Author:
Webster, R.; Heuvelink, G.B.M.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 758-773
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
estimation; mathematical models; kriging; equations; geostatistics; soil; soil analysis; spatial data; time series analysis; measurement; groundwater; water table
Abstract:
... The Kalman filter is a tool designed primarily to estimate the values of the 'state' of a dynamic system in time. There are two main equations. These are the state equation, which describes the behaviour of the state over time, and the measurement equation, which describes at what times and in what manner the state is observed. For the discrete Kalman filter, discussed in this paper, the state equ ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2006.00879.x

12. The molecular composition of soil organic matter as determined by 13C NMR and elemental analyses and correlation with pesticide sorption

Author:
Ahmad, R.; Nelson, P.N.; Kookana, R.S.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 883-893
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; sorption; soil organic matter; equations; soil; phosalone; carbaryl; spectral analysis; Australia; Pakistan
Abstract:
... Although the chemical composition of soil organic matter (SOM) is known to significantly influence sorption of pesticides and other pollutants, it has been difficult to determine the molecular nature of SOM in situ. Here, using ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and elemental composition in a molecular mixing model, we estimated the molecular components of SOM in 24 soils from various agro- ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00784.x

13. The representation of complex soil variation on wavelet packet bases

Author:
Lark, R.M.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 868-882
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
gas emissions; equations; soil heterogeneity; spatial data; soil analysis; time series analysis; spectral analysis; spatial variation; algorithms; nitrous oxide
Abstract:
... The discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) is an advanced wavelet technique that has distinct advantages over the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) previously used in soil science. Because the DWT divides the spatial frequencies of the data into non-uniform intervals, it may fail to resolve features of the spatial variation that a simpler spectral analysis might identify under stationary conditio ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00779.x

14. Yield response of crops amended with sewage sludge in the field is more affected by sludge properties than by final soil metal concentration

Author:
DeBrouwere, K.; Smolders, E.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2006 v.57 no.6 pp. 858-867
ISSN:
1365-2389
Subject:
chemical concentration; uptake mechanisms; barley; liming; heavy metals; sewage sludge; soil quality; wheat; soil amendments; soil; corn; grain yield; field experimentation; nitrogen fertilizers; Belgium
Abstract:
... Adverse effects on crop yield or quality have been reported in sewage-sludge treated soils at soil total metal concentrations below those of the current EU directives. A field trial was set up in Belgium (2002-2004) to assess crop response to the application of sewage sludge below these soil thresholds but with sludge metal concentrations either above (high-metal) or below (low-metal) sludge metal ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00777.x