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1. Further analysis of rat myocardium contractility changes associated with a subchronic lead intoxication

Author:
Protsenko, Yuri L.; Katsnelson, Boris A.; Klinova, Svetlana V.; Lookin, Oleg N.; Balakin, Alexander A.; Nikitina, Larisa V.; Gerzen, Oksana P.; Nabiev, Salavat R.; Minigalieva, Ilzira A.; Privalova, Larisa I.; Gurvich, Vladimir B.; Sutunkova, Marina P.; Katsnelson, Leonid B.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 233-241
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; lead; lead acetate; males; muscles; myocardium; myosin; poisoning;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... A moderate subchronic lead intoxication was observed in male rats after repeated intraperitoneal injections of lead acetate. Right ventricular trabeculae and papillary muscles were isolated for in vitro studying of the contraction-relaxation cycle under isotonic and physiological loading. The contractile function of the myocardium was also assessed by measuring the velocity of thin filament moveme ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.054

2. CLARITY-BPA Core Study: Analysis for non-monotonic dose-responses and biological relevance

Author:
Badding, Melissa A.; Barraj, Leila; Williams, Amy L.; Scrafford, Carolyn; Reiss, Richard
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110554
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; basophils; bile acids; bisphenol A; dose response; females; males; statistical analysis; toxicology;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The results of a large 2-year bisphenol A (BPA) rat study conducted by the NTP, called the CLARITY-BPA Core Study, were recently released. This study addressed some of the toxicological issues associated with BPA, including endocrine disruption and non-monotonic dose responses (NMDR). The study involved oral gavage treatment of rats to BPA at doses of 2.5–25,000 μg/kg-bw/day. To address NMDR, the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.06.001

3. Role of toxicokinetics and alternative testing strategies in pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity and risk assessment; state-of-the-art and future perspectives

Author:
Ning, Jia; Chen, Lu; Rietjens, Ivonne M.C.M.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110572
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; hepatocytes; hepatotoxicity; humans; models; neoplasms; pharmacokinetics; riddelliine; risk assessment; toxicology;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Toxicokinetics influences the toxicity of chemicals. This also holds for 1,2-unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which need bioactivation to become toxic. Given that only for a limited number of 1,2-unsaturated PAs in vivo toxicity data are available, alternative testing strategies including read-across and quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) are important. This paper pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110572

4. S-equol glucuronidation in liver and intestinal microsomes of humans, monkeys, dogs, rats, and mice

Author:
Isobe, Takashi; Ohkawara, Susumu; Ochi, Sadayuki; Tanaka-Kagawa, Toshiko; Hanioka, Nobumitsu
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110542
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; daidzein; dogs; humans; intestines; kinetics; liver; liver microsomes; metabolites; mice; monkeys; regioselectivity; toxicology; transferases;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... S-equol, an active metabolite of the soy isoflavone daidzein, is mainly metabolized into glucuronide(s) by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes in mammals. In the present study, S-equol glucuronidation was examined in the liver and intestinal microsomes of humans, monkeys, dogs, rats, and mice using a kinetic analysis. CLint values for 7- and 4′-glucuronidation by liver microsomes were higher ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.050

5. Hepatotoxicity induced by psoralen and isopsoralen from Fructus Psoraleae: Wistar rats are more vulnerable than ICR mice

Author:
Wang, Yu; Zhang, Hong; Jiang, Jia-Ming; Zheng, Dan; Chen, Yu-Yu; Wan, Shi-Jie; Tan, Hong-Sheng; Tang, Li-Ming; Xu, Hong-Xi
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 133-140
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; bile acids; excretion; hepatocytes; hepatotoxicity; histopathology; laboratory animals; liver; mice; psoralen; toxicology;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fructus Psoraleae (FP) causes cholestatic liver injury; however, its main toxic constituents that are responsible for causing hepatotoxicity remained undetermined in previous studies. In the present study, psoralen and isopsoralen, the two main constituents of FP, were administered orally to rats (80 and 40 mg/kg, respectively) and mice (320 and 160 mg/kg, respectively) for 28 days, followed by bi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.047

6. Immunomodulatory activity of marine natural products: Synthesis, spectral characterization and toxicity assessment of natural and related synthetic iodinated tyramides

Author:
Đorđević, Miljana R.; Radulović, Niko S.; Stojanović, Nikola M.; Ranđelović, Pavle J.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 150-160
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Artemia salina; acute toxicity; immunomodulators; macrophages; metabolites; strychnine; sulfates; toxic substances; toxicology; triiodothyronine; viability;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The toxicity of natural marine iodoarenes or their synthetic counterparts is widely unknown despite the fact that triiodothyronine and thyroxine are members of this class. In this work we aimed to expand such knowledge on iodinated marine natural products and tested an ascidian (Didemnum rubeum) metabolite, N-(3,5-diiodo-4-methoxyphenethyl)benzamide, together with closely related synthetic iodinat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.039

7. 3-NOP: Mutagenicity and genotoxicity assessment

Author:
Thiel, A.; Schoenmakers, A.C.M.; Verbaan, I.A.J.; Chenal, E.; Etheve, S.; Beilstein, P.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 566-573
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Ames test; bone marrow; genotoxicity; metabolites; micronucleus tests; mutagenicity; mutagens; mutation; protocols;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... 3-NOP (3-nitroxy-propanol) is a new development compound which reduces methane emission from ruminating animals. For registration purposes with emphasis on EU and North America data requirements, mutagenic and genotoxic potential was assessed following OECD protocols and respective guidance documents. 3-NOP mutagenicity and genotoxicity testing raised no flags with regard to these endpoints. In si ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.010

8. Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot fruit juice reveals neuroprotective effect and improves cognitive and locomotor functions of aged rats

Author:
Daskalova, Elena; Delchev, Slavi; Topolov, Mariyan; Dimitrova, Stela; Uzunova, Yordanka; Valcheva-Kuzmanova, Stefka; Kratchanova, Maria; Vladimirova-Kitova, Lyudmila; Denev, Petko
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.132 pp. 110674
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Aronia melanocarpa; acetylcholinesterase; cages; cognition; enzyme activity; fruit juices; hippocampus; laboratory animals; males; memory; models; nerve fibers; neuroprotective effect;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of polyphenol-rich Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot juice (AMJ) on learning ability and memory, and brain morphology of aged rats. A model of healthy male Wistar rats (24 months of age) divided in 2 groups was used: AMJ group supplemented orally with AMJ (10 mL/kg for 105 days) and old control (CO) group without supplementation. Activity cage te ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110674

9. Determination of genotoxic potencies of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in HepaRG cells using the γH2AX assay

Author:
Louisse, Jochem; Rijkers, Deborah; Stoopen, Geert; Holleboom, Wendy Jansen; Delagrange, Mona; Molthof, Elise; Mulder, Patrick P.J.; Hoogenboom, Ron L.A.P.; Audebert, Marc; Peijnenburg, Ad A.C.M.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110532
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; bioassays; carcinogenicity; genotoxicity; hepatocytes; herbal medicines; humans; mechanism of action; mutagens; neoplasms; riddelliine; risk; risk assessment; secondary metabolites; toxicology;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are secondary metabolites from plants that have been found in substantial amounts in herbal supplements, infusions and teas. Several PAs cause cancer in animal bioassays, mediated via a genotoxic mode of action, but for the majority of the PAs, carcinogenicity data are lacking. It is assumed in the risk assessment that all PAs have the same potency as riddelliine, whi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.040

10. Intrinsic relative potency of a series of pyrrolizidine alkaloids characterized by rate and extent of metabolism

Author:
Lester, Cathy; Troutman, John; Obringer, Cindy; Wehmeyer, Kenneth; Stoffolano, Peter; Karb, Michael; Xu, Yan; Roe, Amy; Carr, Greg; Blackburn, Karen; Mahony, Catherine
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110523
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; DNA; biomarkers; carcinogenicity; chemical structure; foods; genotoxicity; herbal medicines; liver; metabolism; metabolites; riddelliine; risk assessment process; toxicology;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1,2-Unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are sometimes present in foods or herbal supplements/medicines as impurities and pose potential concerns for liver genotoxicity/carcinogenicity. PAs display a strong structure toxicity relationship, however, current regulatory approaches to risk assessment take the precautionary approach of assuming all PAs display the same potency as the most toxic co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.031

11. Systemic exposure to Ginkgo biloba extract in male F344/NCrl rats: Relevance to humans

Author:
Waidyanatha, Suramya; Mutlu, Esra; Gibbs, Seth; Stiffler, Billie; Andre, Jon; Burback, Brian; Rider, Cynthia V.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110586
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Ginkgo biloba; bioassays; dietary supplements; flavonols; glycosides; hepatotoxicity; humans; ingestion; males; mice; oral administration; public health; toxicology;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is a popular botanical dietary supplement used worldwide and the safety of use is a public health concern. While GBE is a complex mixture, the terpene trilactones and flavonol glycosides are believed to elicit the pharmacological and/or toxicological effects of GBE. In a National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2-year rodent bioassay with GBE, hepatotoxicity was observed in ro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110586

12. A two-year toxicology study of bisphenol A (BPA) in Sprague-Dawley rats: CLARITY-BPA core study results

Author:
Camacho, L.; Lewis, S.M.; Vanlandingham, M.M.; Olson, G.R.; Davis, K.J.; Patton, R.E.; Twaddle, N.C.; Doerge, D.R.; Churchwell, M.I.; Bryant, M.S.; McLellen, F.M.; Woodling, K.; Felton, R.P.; Maisha, M.P.; Juliar, B.E.; Gamboa da Costa, G.; Delclos, K.B.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 pp. 110728
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; bisphenol A; body weight; carboxymethylcellulose; female reproductive system; females; laboratory animals; males; parturition; pregnancy; pups; tissues; toxicity; toxicology;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report the data from the guideline-compliant two-year toxicology study conducted as part of the Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol A Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA). BPA (0, 2.5, 25, 250, 2,500, and 25,000 μg/kg body weight (bw)/day) was administered daily by gavage in 0.3% carboxymethylcellulose vehicle to NCTR Sprague-Dawley rats from gestation day 6 through the start of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110728

13. Applying the comet assay to fresh vs frozen animal solid tissues: A technical approach

Author:
Azqueta, A.; Enciso, J.M.; Pastor, L.; López de Cerain, A.; Vettorazzi, A.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 pp. 110671
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; DNA; DNA damage; comet assay; freezing; frozen storage; kidneys; liver; lungs; storage temperature; sulfonates; thawing; tissues;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The in vivo comet assay is usually performed in fresh tissues by processing cells immediately after collection, an approach that is not always possible from a logistical point of view. Although the comet assay has been applied to frozen rodent tissue samples on several occasions, there is currently no agreement on the best way to freeze and thaw them. We have tested two different thawing procedure ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110671

14. Cancer risk estimation of glycidol based on rodent carcinogenicity studies, a multiplicative risk model and in vivo dosimetry

Author:
Aasa, Jenny; Granath, Fredrik; Törnqvist, Margareta
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.128 pp. 54-60
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; absorbed dose; blood; carcinogenicity; dosimetry; food contamination; glycidol; hemoglobin; humans; mice; models; mutagens; neoplasms; relative risk; risk estimate; toxicology;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Here we evaluate a multiplicative (relative) risk model for improved cancer risk estimation of genotoxic compounds. According to this model, cancer risk is proportional to the background tumor incidence and to the internal dose of the genotoxic compound. Furthermore, the relative risk coefficient per internal dose is considered to be approximately the same across tumor sites, sex, and species.In t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.037

15. Short-term effects of Garcinia cambogia extract on the pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine given as a single-dose in Wistar rats

Author:
Ventura, Sandra; Rodrigues, Márcio; Falcão, Amílcar; Alves, Gilberto
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.128 pp. 61-67
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Garcinia gummi-guta; anticonvulsants; blood sampling; dietary supplements; epilepsy; laboratory animals; obesity; patients; pharmacokinetics; risk; therapeutics; toxicology; weight loss;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Garcinia cambogia supplements are widely used for weight loss. Knowing that epilepsy patients are at greater risk of developing overweight/obesity, the investigation of herb-drug interactions involving antiepileptic drugs of narrow therapeutic index is fully justified. This work was planned to assess potential pharmacokinetic-based interactions between G. cambogia extract and lamotrigine (LTG) thr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.051

16. A lightly roasted coffee extract improves blood and tissue redox status in rats through enhancement of GSH biosynthesis

Author:
Priftis, Alexandros; Soursou, Vasiliki; Makiou, Anthi-Styliani; Tekos, Fotis; Veskoukis, Aristidis S.; Tsantarliotou, Maria P.; Taitzoglou, Ioannis A.; Kouretas, Dimitrios
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 305-312
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; antioxidant activity; biosynthesis; blood; brain; coffee (beverage); gastrointestinal system; genes; glutathione; humans; lipid peroxidation; observational studies; tissues;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Coffee is a highly consumed beverage with many putative beneficial health effects, however these often come from observational studies. In the current work, a lightly roasted coffee extract that has previously been reported to exhibit potent antioxidant properties was administered for two weeks in rats to examine the potential improvement of blood and tissue redox status. The dose was equivalent t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.012

17. Oral ingestion of a novel oxygenating compound, Ox66™, is non-toxic and has the potential to increase oxygenation

Author:
Zhang, Fan; Aquino, Grace V.; Dabi, Amjad; Nugent, William H.; Song, Bjorn K.; Bruce, Erica D.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 217-224
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; digestion; digestive tract; epithelial cells; exercise; ingestion; mesentery; no observed adverse effect level; oral administration; small intestine; viability assays;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ox66™ is a novel solid state oxygenating compound. In order to support the use of Ox66™ as a potential oxygenating supplement to injured cells, this study evaluated the safety of Ox66™, its ability to withstand the conditions in the digestive tract, and its potential to increase oxygenation in the mesentery in rats. The toxicity of Ox66™ was evaluated by performing acute (10-day) and chronic (90-d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.034

18. Toxic effects of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and relation to accumulation in rat liver

Author:
Nygaard, Unni Cecilie; Vege, Åshild; Rognum, Torleiv; Grob, Koni; Cartier, Christel; Cravedi, Jean-Pierre; Alexander, Jan
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 431-442
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; alkanes; animal tissues; antigens; diet; females; granuloma; humans; immune response; liver; lymphocytes; mineral oil; molecular weight; spleen; toxicity;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Humans are daily exposed to mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) from the diet. We exposed female Fischer 344 rats to a broad mixture and sub-fractions of MOSH. Chemical characterization of the MOSH mixture used and material accumulated in rat tissues were previously reported. Rats were exposed to feed containing 0–4000 mg/kg broad MOSH mixture for 30, 60, 90 and 120 days; and for 120 days to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.022

19. Derivation of safe exposure levels for potential migration of formaldehyde into food

Author:
Gelbke, Heinz-Peter; Buist, Harrie; Eisert, Ralf; Leibold, Edgar; Sherman, James H.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.132 pp. 110598
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; acidosis; adults; birds; drinking water; equipment; food processing; formaldehyde; formic acid; kidneys; long term effects; metabolites; oral exposure; polymers; sexual maturity; testes; toxicology;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Polyoxymethylene (POM) is a polymer of formaldehyde used inter alia for kitchenware and food processing machines. By migration into food, consumers may be exposed to small additional amounts of formaldehyde in food. In order to address such potential exposures, Specific Migration Limits are derived using all studies with oral exposure in mammals and birds. The assessment is not only based on local ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110598

20. Effects of Amanita muscaria extract on different in vitro neurotoxicity models at sub-cellular and cellular levels

Author:
Kondeva-Burdina, Magdalena; Voynova, Maria; Shkondrov, Aleksandar; Aluani, Denitsa; Tzankova, Virginia; Krasteva, Ilina
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.132 pp. 110687
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Amanita muscaria; antioxidant activity; brain; cell lines; free radical scavengers; humans; microsomes; mitochondria; models; mushrooms; neuroprotective effect; neurotoxicity; patients; speech; synaptosomes;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Muscimol is the main compound found in Amanita muscaria. Several studies have proven that muscimol has suppressive effects on essential tremor, without impairing speech and coordination. The effects of muscimol in Parkinson-affected patients is also described in a number of studies. These studies describe the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of the mushroom extract. We have evaluat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110687

21. In vivo genotoxicity evaluation of cylindrospermopsin in rats using a combined micronucleus and comet assay

Author:
Díez-Quijada, Leticia; Llana-Ruiz-Cabello, Maria; Cătunescu, Giorgiana M.; Puerto, María; Moyano, Rosario; Jos, Angeles; Cameán, Ana M.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.132 pp. 110664
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; DNA damage; biotransformation; blood; body weight; bone marrow; carcinogenicity; comet assay; cylindrospermopsin; cytotoxicity; genotoxicity; histopathology; humans; in vitro studies; liver; micronucleus tests; oral exposure; stomach;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a potent cyanotoxin recognized as an emerging human threat due to its cytotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Although the genotoxicity of CYN has been extensively studied in vitro, limited data are available on its in vivo genotoxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo genotoxicity of pure CYN (7.5–75 μg/kg body weight) after oral exposure of rats ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110664

22. Protective effects of Aronia melanocarpa juices either alone or combined with extracts from Rosa canina or Alchemilla vulgaris in a rat model of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers

Author:
Valcheva-Kuzmanova, Stefka; Denev, Petko; Eftimov, Miroslav; Georgieva, Antoaneta; Kuzmanova, Vasilena; Kuzmanov, Atanas; Kuzmanov, Krasimir; Tzaneva, Maria
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.132 pp. 110739
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Alchemilla; Aronia melanocarpa; Rosa canina; animal models; apoptosis; fruits; gastric mucosa; indomethacin; juices; laboratory animals; lipid peroxidation; males; protective effect; stomach ulcers; toxicology;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of four Aronia melanocarpa-based juices in a rat model of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration.AM1 and AM2 (produced from aronia fruits at 20 °C and 60 °C, respectively), AMRC (a mixture of AM2 with Rosa canina extract) and AMAV (aronia juice with Alchemilla vulgaris). Male Wistar rats were used. Each of the juices (10 ml/kg) was administered ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110739

23. Acute, genetic and sub-chronic toxicities of flaxseed derived Maillard reaction products

Author:
Wei, Chao-Kun; Ni, Zhi-Jing; Thakur, Kiran; Liao, Ai-Mei; Hu, Fei; Huang, Ji-Hong; Wei, Zhao-Jun
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110580
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Ames test; Maillard reaction products; acute toxicity; blood chemistry; body weight; flavorings; food intake; hematology; histology; lethal dose 50; linseed; meat; mortality; mutagenicity; spermatozoa;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... In present study, the acute, genetic, and sub-chronic toxicities of flaxseed derived Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were investigated. Acute toxicity results showed that the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of MRPs in rats was >15.0 g/kg body weight (BW); whereas, the 50% effective dose (ED50) of MRPs was 12.3 g/kg BW. Ames test demonstrated that the back-mutation colonies for MRPs addition of 5,000 μg/d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110580

24. A study of D-allulose-associated reproductive toxicity in rats

Author:
Kim, Hyejung; Park, Chongjin; Sa, Soonok; Case, Iris; Li, Chunmei; Gao, Yonglin; Wang, Hongbo; Tian, Jingwei
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110548
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; body weight; copulation; eating habits; females; histopathology; lactation; males; mortality; necropsy; no observed adverse effect level; parents; pregnancy rate; progeny; psicose; pups; reproductive toxicology; viability;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, we assessed whether D-allulose was associated with reproductive toxicity in rats, assessing reproduction and offspring growth following gavage of parents with 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg of this compound. Specifically, female rats were continuously dose from 2 weeks prior to mating until day 21 of lactation, while males were dose for the 10 weeks before mating. We did not observe a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.056

25. Ginsenoside Rg3, a component of ginseng, induces pro-thrombotic activity of erythrocytes via hemolysis-associated phosphatidylserine exposure

Author:
Bian, Yiying; An, Gwang-Jin; Kim, Keunyoung; Ngo, Thien; Shin, Sue; Bae, Ok-Nam; Lim, Kyung-Min; Chung, Jin-Ho
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110553
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Panax; blood coagulation; coagulation; confocal microscopy; erythrocyte membrane; erythrocytes; flow cytometry; ginsenosides; hemolysis; humans; in vivo studies; intravenous injection; phosphatidylserines; thrombosis; toxicology;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ginseng and its active gradient, ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), are widely used for a variety of health benefits, but concerns over their misuses are increasing. Previously, it has been reported that Rg3 can cause hemolysis, but its health outcome remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that Rg3 could promote the procoagulant activity of erythrocytes through the process of hemolysis, ultimately leading to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.061

26. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD): A case study applying tiered testing for human health risk assessment

Author:
Gannon, Anne Marie; Moreau, Marjory; Farmahin, Reza; Thomas, Russell S.; Barton-Maclaren, Tara S.; Nong, Andy; Curran, Ivan; Yauk, Carole L.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.131 pp. 110581
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; administered dose; case studies; health effects assessments; health hazards; hexabromocyclododecane; human health; humans; in vivo studies; liver; models; pharmacokinetics; screening; toxicology; transcriptomics;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Current global efforts are aiming to increase use of mechanistic information in regulatory testing. In tiered testing paradigms, in vitro, in silico, and in vivo studies are employed progressively to identify and classify health hazards, which are then compared against human equivalent doses. We used data from three companion papers on the brominated flame retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110581

27. Human CYP3A4-mediated toxification of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid lasiocarpine

Author:
Ebmeyer, Johanna; Braeuning, Albert; Glatt, Hansruedi; These, Anja; Hessel-Pras, Stefanie; Lampen, Alfonso
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.130 pp. 79-88
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; cytochrome P-450; enzymes; genotoxicity; humans; ketoconazole; liver; liver microsomes; metabolism; metabolites; mutagens; phytotoxins; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; risk assessment; toxicology; uncertainty;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) are widely distributed phytotoxins contaminating food and feed. Hepatic enzymes are considered to bioactivate PA. Previous studies showed differences in the metabolism rate in liver homogenates of different species. Thus, uncertainty remains with respect to the relevance of human metabolism. Our study aimed to analyze whether the PA representative lasiocarpine is toxif ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.019

28. Rat strain response differences upon exposure to technical or alpha hexabromocyclododecane

Author:
Gannon, A.M.; Nunnikhoven, A.; Liston, V.; Rawn, D.F.K.; Pantazopoulos, P.; Fine, J.H.; Caldwell, D.; Bondy, G.S.; Curran, I.H.A.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.130 pp. 284-307
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; diet; endocrine system; females; gender differences; half life; health effects assessments; hexabromocyclododecane; histopathology; human health; immune response; isomers; liver; males; markets; tissues; toxicology;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant which was recommended by a UN expert body under the Stockholm Convention to be eliminated from the global marketplace in 2011; however, due to its ability to persist in the environment, undergo long-range transport and bioaccumulate, it remains a concern for human health. The commercial mix of HBCD (T-HBCD) consists of α-HBCD, β-HBCD an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.003

29. Risk assessment of genetically modified sugarcane expressing AVP1 gene

Author:
Bhatti, Farheen; Asad, Shaheen; Khan, Qaiser Mahmood; Mobeen, Ameena; Iqbal, Muhammad Javed; Asif, Muhammad
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.130 pp. 267-275
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; biosafety; blood; comet assay; cytotoxicity; diet; drought; ethics; genes; genotoxicity; issues and policy; laboratory animals; micronucleus tests; mutagens; oral administration; risk; salinity; sugarcane juice;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biosafety is a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses social, societal, ethical issues and policies for the regulations of genetically modified (GM) organisms. The potential health risks associated with GM sugarcane containing AVP1 gene confers resistance against drought and salinity were evaluated by animal feeding studies and some genotoxicity assays. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity examinat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.034

30. Glucose-regulated protein 75 in foodborne disease models induces renal tubular necrosis

Author:
Yang, Xuan; Li, Yijia; Zheng, Lirong; He, Xiaoyun; Luo, Yunbo; Huang, Kunlun; Xu, Wentao
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 pp. 110720
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; biomarkers; cell lines; disease models; enzymes; foodborne illness; kidneys; mitochondria; necrosis; nephrosis; nutritional intervention; ochratoxin A; protein synthesis; proteomics; screening; secretion; toxicology;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The incidence of kidney disease has increased rapidly in recent years. One major possible reason for this increase in nephrosis is from foodborne toxins. Since the mechanism of how foodborne toxins are involved in the process of nephrosis is largely unknown, the current study aims to establish a profile for how one of the major toxin threats, ochratoxin A (OTA), induce differential protein express ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.110720

31. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside promotes progesterone secretion by improving cells viability and mitochondrial function in cadmium-sulfate-damaged R2C cells

Author:
Li, Xia; Lu, Jun-Li; Sun, Jian-Xia; Jiang, Xin-Wei; Li, Xu-Sheng; Li, Ye; Jiao, Rui; Tian, Ling-Min; Bai, Wei-Bin
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.128 pp. 97-105
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Leydig cells; anthocyanins; cadmium; cell lines; cytotoxicity; males; mitochondria; progesterone; protective effect; reproduction; reproductive toxicology; secretion; sulfates; superoxide dismutase; therapeutics;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cadmium (Cd) is a poisonous metal that is toxic for male reproduction. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) as typical anthocyanin benefits many organs. In this study, we investigated the protective effects and associated underlying mechanisms of C3G against the toxicity of Cd on male reproduction in rat Leydig cell line R2C cells. Cells were pre-protected with C3G (5–160 μmol/L) for 2 h and then treated ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.040

32. Low dose of carvacrol prevents rat pancreas tissue damage after L-arginine application, while higher doses cause pancreatic tissue impairment

Author:
Stojanović, Nikola M.; Stevanović, Milica; Randjelović, Pavle; Mitić, Katarina; Petrović, Vladmir; Sokolović, Dušan; Mladenović, Bojan; Lalić, Jelena; Radulović, Niko S.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.128 pp. 280-285
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Lamiaceae; alpha-amylase; arginine; blood serum; carboxylic ester hydrolases; carvacrol; edema; enzyme activity; essential oils; leukocytes; malondialdehyde; models; monoterpenoids; pancreas; pancreatitis; phenol; protective effect; toxicity; toxicology;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol) is a biologically active monoterpene phenol abundantly present in the essential oils of many Lamiaceae aromatic/ethnomedicinal plants. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the damaging effect of carvacrol to rat pancreatic tissue, but also to assess its possible ameliorative impact on pancreatic damage induced by L-arginine. The toxic and beneficial (in a dose of 10  ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.010

33. Nanoparticles in foods? A multiscale physiopathological investigation of iron oxide nanoparticle effects on rats after an acute oral exposure: Trace element biodistribution and cognitive capacities

Author:
Askri, Dalel; Ouni, Souhir; Galai, Said; Chovelon, Benoit; Arnaud, Josiane; Sturm, Nathalie; Lehmann, Sylvia G.; Sakly, Mohsen; Amara, Salem; Sève, Michel
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.127 pp. 173-181
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; blood; cognition; color; emotions; food additives; foods; hepatocytes; histopathology; homeostasis; ingestion; iron; laboratory animals; liver; locomotion; magnetic properties; memory; nanoparticles; oral administration; oral exposure; risk; stomach; toxicity;     Show all 23 Subjects
Abstract:
... Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) are used in several fields of application, mainly in the biomedical field for their magnetic properties and in food additive known as “E172” for their colour. In the present investigation, we focused on IONP effects on Wistar rat following acute oral exposure. We performed a multiscale physiopathological investigation in order to elucidate potential toxic effects l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.006

34. Equivalence limit scaled differences for untargeted safety assessments: Comparative analyses to guard against unintended effects on the environment or human health of genetically modified maize

Author:
van der Voet, Hilko; Goedhart, Paul W.; García-Ruiz, Esteban; Escorial, Concepción; Tulinská, Jana
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 540-548
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Bacillus thuringiensis; arthropods; confidence interval; corn; field experimentation; graphs; herbicide resistance; human health; humans; new products; safety assessment; statistical analysis; tissue weight; toxicology; transgenic plants;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Safety assessments guard against unintended effects for human health and the environment. When new products are compared with accepted reference products by broad arrays of measurements, statistical analyses are usually summarised by significance tests or confidence intervals per endpoint. The traditional approach is to test for statistical significance of differences. However, absence or presence ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.007

35. Hormetic Neurobehavioral effects of low dose toxic chemical mixtures in real-life risk simulation (RLRS) in rats

Author:
Tsatsakis, Aristidis M.; Docea, Anca Oana; Calina, Daniela; Buga, Ana Maria; Zlatian, Ovidiu; Gutnikov, Sergei; Kostoff, Ronald N.; Aschner, Michael
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 141-149
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; acceptable daily intake; behavior change; body weight; dose response; drinking water; females; laboratory animals; locomotion; long term effects; males; nervous system; risk; toxic substances;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The current study aims to assess the long-term effects of very low dose exposures to a complex chemical mixture on motor performance and behavioural changes in rats. For twelve months (equivalent to thirty years in human terms), four groups of Sprague Dawley rats (five males and five females per group) were exposed to a thirteen chemical mixture (in drinking water) in doses of 0, 0.25, 1 and 5xADI ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.043

36. Inorganic arsenic induces pyroptosis and pancreatic β cells dysfunction through stimulating the IRE1α/TNF-α pathway and protective effect of taurine

Author:
Pei, Pei; Yao, Xiaofeng; Jiang, Liping; Qiu, Tianming; Wang, Ningning; Yang, Lei; Gao, Ni; Wang, Zhidong; Yang, Guang; Liu, Xiaofang; Liu, Shuang; Jia, Xue; Tao, Ye; Wei, Sen; Sun, Xiance
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 392-402
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; arsenic; arsenic oxide; drinking water; endoplasmic reticulum; inflammasomes; inflammation; islets of Langerhans; phosphorylation; protective effect; risk factors; taurine; tumor necrosis factor-alpha;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Low-level inorganic arsenic (iAs) in drinking water is a risk factor for β cells dysfunction. Taurine (Tau) is a kind of semi-essential β amino acid, and beneficial for β cell function. However, the effects of Tau on arsenic trioxide (As2O3) induced β cells dysfunction and related mechanisms are still uncertain. Here, we found that Tau relieved As2O3-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, infl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.015

37. 3-NOP: ADME studies in rats and ruminating animals

Author:
Thiel, A.; Rümbeli, R.; Mair, P.; Yeman, H.; Beilstein, P.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 528-539
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; acetyl coenzyme A; animal tissues; beef; beef cattle; breathing; carbon; carbon dioxide; gluconeogenesis; goats; lactation; lactose; metabolites; milk; nitrates; radioactivity; risk assessment; urine;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... 3-NOP (3-nitrooxypropanol) reduces enteric methane formation in ruminants. A series of ADME studies in rats, lactating goats and beef cattle was performed. 3-NOP was entirely absorbed from the GIT of rats: approximately 75% of the administered 3-NOP was eliminated as carbon dioxide via exhalation and approximately 20% were excreted via urine. 3-NOP is oxidized to 3-nitrooxypropionic acid (NOPA) wh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.002

38. Suppression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity by crocin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced thrombosis in rats

Author:
Tsantarliotou, M.P.; Lavrentiadou, S.N.; Psalla, D.A.; Margaritis, I.E.; Kritsepi, M.G.; Zervos, I.A.; Latsari, M.I.; Sapanidou, V.G.; Taitzoglou, I.A.; Sinakos, Z.M.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 190-197
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; animal models; blood plasma; brain; fibrin; fibrinolysis; inflammation; liver; plasminogen activator inhibitors; protective effect; reactive oxygen species; septic shock; thrombosis; toxicology;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The imbalance between clot formation and fibrinolysis is mainly attributed to increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of fibrinolysis closely involved in inflammatory responses such as septic shock. This increase is mediated by many factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study was designed to evaluate the prophylactic effect of crocin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.001

39. Zinc citrate incorporation with whey protein nanoparticles alleviate the oxidative stress complication and modulate gene expression in the liver of rats

Author:
Hassan, Mona A.; El-Nekeety, Aziza A.; Abdel-Aziem, Sekena H.; Hassan, Nabila S.; Abdel-Wahhab, Mosaad A.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 439-451
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; adverse effects; albino; amino acids; blood; citrates; coatings; gene expression; hepatoprotective effect; histology; liver; males; nanoparticles; oxidative stress; whey protein; zeta potential; zinc;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of whey protein nanoparticles (WP-NPs) coated Zinc citrate (Zn) against oxidative stress complications and disturbances in gene expression in rats treated with CCl4. WP-NPs were used to coat Zn at three levels and amino acids content was determined in WP-NPs and the fabrications. Seven groups of male albino rats included the control group, C ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.026

40. Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate promotes thyroid cell proliferation and DNA damage through activating thyrotropin-receptor-mediated pathways in vitro and in vivo

Author:
Kim, Seoyoung; Park, Ga-Young; Yoo, Young Jo; Jeong, Ji Seong; Nam, Ki Taek; Jee, Sun-Ha; Lim, Kyung-Min; Lee, Yun-Sil
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.124 pp. 265-272
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; DNA damage; DNA replication; biomarkers; cell lines; cell proliferation; cell viability; comet assay; juveniles; neoplasm cells; phthalates; small interfering RNA; thyroid function; thyrotropin receptors; transcription factors;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Phthalates are being suggested to be associated with altered thyroid function and proliferative changes, but detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on DNA damage and proliferation in thyroid using thyroid carcinoma cell line, 8505C, in vitro and the rats orally treated with DEHP at 0, 0.3, 3, 30 and 150 mg/kg for 90 days from post-na ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.010

41. 3-Monochloropropane-1, 2-diol causes irreversible damage to reproductive ability independent of hormone changes in adult male rats

Author:
Xing, Han-Zhu; Fang, Bing; Pang, Guo-Fang; Ren, Fa-Zheng
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.124 pp. 10-16
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; adults; alanine transaminase; alpha-chlorohydrin; anemia; atrophy; blood serum; erythrocytes; foods; humans; kidneys; liver; males; oral administration; phenotype; progesterone; reproductive performance; risk; sperm concentration; testes; testosterone; urea;     Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... 3-MCPD, a contaminant frequently detected in foodstuffs, has been reported to damage human kidneys and testes. Previous studies can be used to evaluate the risk to humans of exposure to excessive 3-MCPD for a short period. However, the effects of withdrawal after 3-MCPD exposure have rarely been studied. Adult male SD rats were orally administered 0, 36 and 72 mg 3-MCPD/kg b.w./day for 4 weeks, fo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.023

42. Application of the in vivo Pig-a gene mutation assay to test the potential genotoxicity of p-phenylenediamine

Author:
Qin, Meirong; Chen, Runhua; Huang, Zeyu; Wang, Jinping; Xu, Suowen; Jiang, Ruiqi; Li, Junpeng; Xian, Jingwen; Wang, Xiaowei; Lu, Yi; Xu, Liang; Chen, Ning; Chen, Xiangfu; Wang, Ping; Wang, Tiejie
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 424-430
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea; at-risk population; chromosome aberrations; dyes; erythrocytes; genes; genotoxicity; laboratory animals; micronucleus tests; mutagenicity; mutagens; mutation; occupational exposure; oral administration;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Currently, it remains controversial whether p-phenylenediamine (PPD) is genotoxic. In this study, we evaluated the potential genotoxicity of PPD using the newly-developed Pig-a gene mutation assay. The results of three classical genetic toxicity tests (bacterial reverse mutation assay, mammalian cell chromosomal aberration test, and mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test) are all positive, sugges ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.061

43. Comparison of migration disturbance potency of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) synthetic analogs and EGCG PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles in rat neurospheres

Author:
Kühne, Britta A.; Puig, Teresa; Ruiz-Martínez, Santiago; Crous-Masó, Joan; Planas, Marta; Feliu, Lidia; Cano, Amanda; García, Maria Luisa; Fritsche, Ellen; Llobet, Joan M.; Gómez-Catalán, Jesús; Barenys, Marta
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 195-204
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; adverse effects; catechin; epigallocatechin gallate; green tea; moieties; nanoparticles; neural stem cells; neurons; pregnancy; prenatal development; therapeutics; toxic substances; toxicity;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main catechin of green tea, is described to have potential health benefits in several fields like oncology, neurology or cardiology. Currently, it is also under pre-clinical investigation as a potential therapeutic or preventive treatment during pregnancy against developmental adverse effects induced by toxic substances. However, the safety of EGCG during pregn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.055

44. Curcumin restores hepatic epigenetic changes in propylthiouracil(PTU)Induced hypothyroid male rats: A study on DNMTs, MBDs, GADD45a, C/EBP-β and PCNA

Author:
Bunker, Suresh Kumar; Dutta, Abinash; Pradhan, Jyotsnarani; Dandapat, Jagneshwar; Chainy, G.B.N.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 169-180
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Curcuma longa; antioxidant activity; curcumin; drugs; epigenetics; gene expression regulation; hepatotoxicity; hyperthyroidism; lipid peroxidation; liver; males; oxidative stress; polyphenols; proliferating cell nuclear antigen; propylthiouracil; protective effect; rhizomes;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU), a thioamide drug, is used as an effective anti-thyroid agent to treat hyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease. However, acute liver oxidative damage is an important side effect of the drug. In the present study, we report that PTU administration to rat induces hepatic epigenetic changes by upregulating expression of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, MBD4, MeCP2, p53 and Gadd45a and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.050

45. Excitotoxicity and compensatory upregulation of GAD67 in fetal rat hippocampus caused by prenatal nicotine exposure are associated with inhibition of the BDNF pathway

Author:
Pei, Yun; Jiao, Zhexiao; Dong, Wanting; Pei, Linguo; He, Xia; Wang, Hui; Xu, Dan
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 314-325
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; apoptosis; cell lines; enzymes; fetus; glutamic acid; growth retardation; hippocampus; hypersensitivity; laboratory animals; neuroplasticity; nicotine; paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus; progeny; toxicology;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) can cause hypersensitivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in offspring with intrauterine growth retardation. The purpose of this study was to explore the original mechanism of intrauterine development that mediates hypersensitivity of the HPA axis in offspring due to PNE. Pregnant Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with 2 mg/kg·d of nicotine on ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.062

46. Genetic toxicity studies of glycolipids from Dacryopinax spathularia

Author:
Bitzer, Jens; Henkel, Thomas; Nikiforov, Andrey I.; Rihner, Marisa O.; Verspeek-Rip, C.M.; Usta, Birol; van den Wijngaard, Michèle
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 162-168
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; Ames test; Escherichia coli; Salmonella Typhimurium; aroclors; culture media; genotoxicity; glycolipids; humans; in vitro studies; liver; lymphocytes; lymphoma; mice; mushrooms; mutagens; mutation; safety assessment; thymidine kinase;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... A series of in vitro studies were conducted to assess the genetic toxicity of jelly mushroom glycolipids from Dacryopinax spathularia (herein referred to as “AM-1“). In the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), there was no evidence of mutagenic activity in any Salmonella typhimurium strains tested or in Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA, at dose levels up to 5000 μg/plate. In the micronucle ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.045

47. Metabolism of 4-methylimidazole in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice

Author:
Fennell, Timothy R.; Watson, Scott L.; Dhungana, Suraj; Snyder, Rodney W.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 181-194
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; aerobiosis; bioassays; byproducts; carbon; carbon dioxide; carcinogenicity; females; foods; liquid chromatography; liver; liver microsomes; lung neoplasms; lungs; males; metabolites; mice; oxidation; radioactivity; radionuclides; tandem mass spectrometry; urine;     Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... 4-Methylimidazole (4-MeI) is a widely used chemical, also identified as a by-product of heating foods. In cancer bioassays, 4-MeI induced lung tumors in mice, but not in rats. To establish if metabolic differences could explain species difference in carcinogenicity, this study investigated metabolism of 4-MeI in rat and mouse lung and liver microsomes and S-9 fractions, and in vivo in rats and mic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.032

48. Relative potency ranking of azoles altering craniofacial morphogenesis in rats: An in vitro data modelling approach

Author:
Di Renzo, Francesca; Metruccio, Francesca; Battistoni, Maria; Moretto, Angelo; Menegola, Elena
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 553-560
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; abnormal development; adverse outcome pathways; antifungal agents; computer software; cyproconazole; embryo (animal); embryo culture; flusilazole; hazard characterization; morphogenesis; prochloraz; retinoic acid; triadimefon;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Facial malformations represent one of the most frequent abnormality in humans. The adverse outcome pathway involved in facial defects seems to be related to retinoic acid (RA) pathway imbalance. Environmental agents inducing craniofacial malformations in experimental models include pesticides (especially azole fungicides). By using the in vitro alternative method postimplantation rat whole embryo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.004

49. Role of neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine and substance P in anorexia induction following oral exposure to the trichothecene T-2 toxin

Author:
Sheng, Kun; Lu, Xi; Yue, Jianming; Gu, Wei; Gu, Chao; Zhang, Haibin; Wu, Wenda
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; T-2 toxin; adverse effects; anorexia; antagonists; digestive system; dose response; food consumption; mice; models; neurotransmitters; oral exposure; rabbits; satiety; serotonin; small cereal grains; substance P;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Trichothecene mycotoxins, a family of common contaminants on cereal grains, are known to negatively impact human and animal health with adverse effect on food consumption being of particular concern. T-2 toxin has been previously demonstrated to induce anorectic response in several animal species including mouse, rat, rabbit. Although the T-2 toxin-induced anorectic response has been associated wi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.041

50. The effects of sulfite on cPLA2, caspase-3, oxidative stress and locomotor activity in rats

Author:
Basaranlar, Goksun; Derin, Narin; Kencebay Manas, Ceren; Tanriover, Gamze; Aslan, Mutay
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.123 pp. 453-458
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
rats,   etc   ; albino; alcoholic beverages; antioxidant activity; apoptosis; caspase-3; drugs; enzyme activity; hippocampus; immunohistochemistry; ingestion; laboratory animals; locomotion; males; oxidants; oxidative stress; sulfites; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sulfite is a commonly used preservative in food products, alcoholic beverages and pharmaceutical products. We investigated the effect of sulfite, on locomotor activity as well as the relationship of these effects with oxidant and antioxidant capacities, cPLA2 enzyme activity. Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into two groups as control(C) and sulfite(S). Animals in the S group w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.021