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You searched for: Journal Global change biology Remove constraint Journal: Global change biology Publication Year 2019 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2019 Source 2019 v.25 no.9 Remove constraint Source: 2019 v.25 no.9
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1. Accumulation of soil carbon under elevated CO2 unaffected by warming and drought

Author:
Dietzen, Christiana A.; Larsen, Klaus Steenberg; Ambus, Per L.; Michelsen, Anders; Arndal, Marie Frost; Beier, Claus; Reinsch, Sabine; Schmidt, Inger Kappel
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2970-2977
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide enrichment; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; climate change; climatic factors; drought; ecosystems; field experimentation; grasslands; soil; soil carbon; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration and climate change may substantially alter soil carbon (C) dynamics, which in turn may impact future climate through feedback cycles. However, only very few field experiments worldwide have combined elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) with both warming and changes in precipitation in order to study the potential combined effects of changes in these fundamental drivers of C c ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14699

2. Adapt or die—Response of large herbivores to environmental changes in Europe during the Holocene

Author:
Hofman‐Kamińska, Emilia; Bocherens, Hervé; Drucker, Dorothée G.; Fyfe, Ralph M.; Gumiński, Witold; Makowiecki, Daniel; Pacher, Martina; Piličiauskienė, Giedrė; Samojlik, Tomasz; Woodbridge, Jessie; Kowalczyk, Rafał
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2915-2930
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Alces alces; Bison bonasus; Holocene epoch; Pleistocene epoch; anthropogenic activities; carbon; cattle; collagen; deforestation; diet; fauna; foraging; forests; glaciation; global warming; grazing; habitat preferences; habitats; herbivores; humans; landscapes; longitude; nitrogen; soil; stable isotopes; temperature; wild animals; Eastern European region; Europe
Abstract:
... Climate warming and human landscape transformation during the Holocene resulted in environmental changes for wild animals. The last remnants of the European Pleistocene megafauna that survived into the Holocene were particularly vulnerable to changes in habitat. To track the response of habitat use and foraging of large herbivores to natural and anthropogenic changes in environmental conditions du ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14733

3. A genome‐wide search for local adaptation in a terrestrial‐breeding frog reveals vulnerability to climate change

Author:
Cummins, Deanne; Kennington, W. Jason; Rudin‐Bitterli, Tabitha; Mitchell, Nicola J.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3151-3162
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Pseudophryne; Xenopus; climate; climate change; drying; environmental factors; evaporation; frogs; gene flow; genes; genetic variation; habitat fragmentation; inbreeding; loci; oocytes; rain; single nucleotide polymorphism; soil water; temperature
Abstract:
... Terrestrial‐breeding amphibians are likely to be vulnerable to warming and drying climates, as their embryos require consistent moisture for successful development. Adaptation to environmental change will depend on sufficient genetic variation existing within or between connected populations. Here, we use Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) data to investigate genome‐wide patterns in genetic dive ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14703

4. A global risk assessment of primates under climate and land use/cover scenarios

Author:
Carvalho, Joana S.; Graham, Bruce; Rebelo, Hugo; Bocksberger, Gaëlle; Meyer, Christoph F. J.; Wich, Serge; Kühl, Hjalmar S.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3163-3178
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Neotropics; Primates; analytical methods; climate; climate change; conservation status; environmental factors; extinction; habitat destruction; habitats; land use change; linear models; risk; risk assessment; savannas; temperature
Abstract:
... Primates are facing an impending extinction crisis, driven by extensive habitat loss, land use change and hunting. Climate change is an additional threat, which alone or in combination with other drivers, may severely impact those taxa unable to track suitable environmental conditions. Here, we investigate the extent of climate and land use/cover (LUC) change‐related risks for primates. We employe ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14671

5. Anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment enhances soil carbon accumulation by impacting saprotrophs rather than ectomycorrhizal fungal activity

Author:
Maaroufi, Nadia I.; Nordin, Annika; Palmqvist, Kristin; Hasselquist, Niles J.; Forsmark, Benjamin; Rosenstock, Nicholas P.; Wallander, Håkan; Gundale, Michael J.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2900-2914
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Actinobacteria; atmospheric deposition; biomass; boreal forests; carbon; carbon sequestration; community structure; ectomycorrhizae; forest soils; humus; long term experiments; microbial communities; nitrogen; saprotrophs; soil bacteria; soil carbon; soil fungi; Sweden
Abstract:
... There is evidence that anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition enhances carbon (C) sequestration in boreal forest soils. However, it is unclear how free‐living saprotrophs (bacteria and fungi, SAP) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi responses to N addition impact soil C dynamics. Our aim was to investigate how SAP and EM communities are impacted by N enrichment and to estimate whether these changes infl ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14722

6. Asymmetry in above‐ and belowground productivity responses to N addition in a semi‐arid temperate steppe

Author:
Wang, Jing; Gao, Yingzhi; Zhang, Yunhai; Yang, Junjie; Smith, Melinda D.; Knapp, Alan K.; Eissenstat, David M.; Han, Xingguo
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2958-2969
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
ammonium nitrate; arid lands; asymmetry; atmospheric deposition; carbon; ecosystems; fertilizer application; models; net primary productivity; nitrogen; semiarid zones; steppes; China
Abstract:
... Nitrogen (N) enrichment often increases aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of the ecosystem, but it is unclear if belowground net primary productivity (BNPP) track responses of ANPP. Moreover, the frequency of N inputs may affect primary productivity but is rarely studied. To assess the response patterns of above‐ and belowground productivity to rates of N addition under different additio ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14719

7. Climate and fishing drive regime shifts in consumer‐mediated nutrient cycling in kelp forests

Author:
Peters, Joseph R.; Reed, Daniel C.; Burkepile, Deron E.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3179-3192
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Asteroidea; ammonium; benthic organisms; biogeochemical cycles; biomass; climate; coastal ecosystems; community structure; disease outbreaks; ecological footprint; ecological function; environmental factors; excretion; human population; lobsters; macroalgae; macroinvertebrates; mortality; ocean warming; predators; prediction; time series analysis; California; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... Globally, anthropogenic pressures are reducing the abundances of marine species and altering ecosystems through modification of trophic interactions. Yet, consumer declines also disrupt important bottom‐up processes, like nutrient recycling, which are critical for ecosystem functioning. Consumer‐mediated nutrient dynamics (CND) is now considered a major biogeochemical component of most ecosystems, ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14706

8. Climate change and variability impacts on grazing herds: Insights from a system dynamics approach for semi‐arid Australian rangelands

Author:
Godde, Cecile; Dizyee, Kanar; Ash, Andrew; Thornton, Philip; Sloat, Lindsey; Roura, Eugeni; Henderson, Benjamin; Herrero, Mario
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3091-3109
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
atmospheric precipitation; carrying capacity; cattle; climate; climate change; cropping systems; drought; ecosystems; farmers; forage; forage production; grasslands; grazing; herd size; income; livelihood; livestock productivity; methane production; molasses; pastoralism; rangelands; stocking rate; urea; variance
Abstract:
... Grazing livestock are an important source of food and income for millions of people worldwide. Changes in mean climate and increasing climate variability are affecting grasslands' carrying capacity, thus threatening the livelihood of millions of people as well as the health of grassland ecosystems. Compared with cropping systems, relatively little is known about the impact of such climatic changes ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14669
PubMed:
31025468
PubMed Central:
PMC6771763

9. CO2 emissions from an undrained tropical peatland: Interacting influences of temperature, shading and water table depth

Author:
Hoyt, Alison M.; Gandois, Laure; Eri, Jangarun; Kai, Fuu Ming; Harvey, Charles F.; Cobb, Alexander R.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2885-2899
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
automation; carbon dioxide; dissolved organic carbon; drainage; flooded conditions; global carbon budget; greenhouse gas emissions; peat; peatlands; shade; temperature; water table
Abstract:
... Emission of CO₂ from tropical peatlands is an important component of the global carbon budget. Over days to months, these fluxes are largely controlled by water table depth. However, the diurnal cycle is less well understood, in part, because most measurements have been collected daily at midday. We used an automated chamber system to make hourly measurements of peat surface CO₂ emissions from cha ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14702

10. Company matters: The presence of other genotypes alters traits and intraspecific selection in an Arctic diatom under climate change

Author:
Wolf, Klara K. E.; Romanelli, Elisa; Rost, Björn; John, Uwe; Collins, Sinead; Weigand, Hannah; Hoppe, Clara J. M.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2869-2884
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Bacillariophyceae; Thalassiosira; carbon dioxide; climate change; ecosystems; genotype; microsatellite repeats; phenotype; physiological response; phytoplankton; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; temperature; Arctic region; Norway
Abstract:
... Arctic phytoplankton and their response to future conditions shape one of the most rapidly changing ecosystems on the planet. We tested how much the phenotypic responses of strains from the same Arctic diatom population diverge and whether the physiology and intraspecific composition of multistrain populations differs from expectations based on single strain traits. To this end, we conducted incub ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14675
PubMed:
31058393
PubMed Central:
PMC6852494

11. Divergent long‐term trends and interannual variation in ecosystem resource use efficiencies of a southern boreal old black spruce forest 1999–2017

Author:
Liu, Peng; Black, T. Andrew; Jassal, Rachhpal S.; Zha, Tianshan; Nesic, Zoran; Barr, Alan G.; Helgason, Warren D.; Jia, Xin; Tian, Yun; Stephens, Jilmarie J.; Ma, Jingyong
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3056-3069
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Picea mariana; air temperature; carbon; carbon dioxide; climate change; ecosystems; eddy covariance; evapotranspiration; forests; gross primary productivity; linear models; microclimate; net primary productivity; photosynthesis; water use efficiency; Saskatchewan
Abstract:
... Long‐term trends in ecosystem resource use efficiencies (RUEs) and their controlling factors are key pieces of information for understanding how an ecosystem responds to climate change. We used continuous eddy covariance and microclimate data over the period 1999–2017 from a 120‐year‐old black spruce stand in central Saskatchewan, Canada, to assess interannual variability, long‐term trends, and ke ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14674

12. Do lakes feel the burn? Ecological consequences of increasing exposure of lakes to fire in the continental United States

Author:
McCullough, Ian M.; Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence; Lapierre, Jean‐François; Lottig, Noah R.; Moritz, Max A.; Stachelek, Joseph; Soranno, Patricia A.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2841-2854
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
climate change; ecosystem services; ecosystems; environmental impact; lakes; landscape ecology; landscapes; models; streams; watersheds; wildfires; Florida; Great Plains region; Western United States
Abstract:
... Wildfires are becoming larger and more frequent across much of the United States due to anthropogenic climate change. No studies, however, have assessed fire prevalence in lake watersheds at broad spatial and temporal scales, and thus it is unknown whether wildfires threaten lakes and reservoirs (hereafter, lakes) of the United States. We show that fire activity has increased in lake watersheds ac ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14732

13. Effects of climate and land‐use change scenarios on fire probability during the 21st century in the Brazilian Amazon

Author:
Fonseca, Marisa Gesteira; Alves, Lincoln Muniz; Aguiar, Ana Paula Dutra; Arai, Egidio; Anderson, Liana Oighenstein; Rosan, Thais Michele; Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir; de Aragão, Luiz Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2931-2946
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
climate; climate change; conservation areas; deforestation; environmental law; fire season; governance; land use change; probability; seasonal variation; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... The joint and relative effects of future land‐use and climate change on fire occurrence in the Amazon, as well its seasonal variation, are still poorly understood, despite its recognized importance. Using the maximum entropy method (MaxEnt), we combined regional land‐use projections and climatic data from the CMIP5 multimodel ensemble to investigate the monthly probability of fire occurrence in th ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14709

14. ENSO and NAO affect long‐term leaf litter dynamics and stoichiometry of Scots pine and European beech mixedwoods

Author:
González de Andrés, Ester; Blanco, Juan A.; Imbert, J. Bosco; Guan, Biing T.; Lo, Yueh‐Hsin; Castillo, Federico J.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3070-3090
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
El Nino; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; North Atlantic Oscillation; Pinus sylvestris; biogeochemical cycles; climate; ecological succession; ecophysiology; ecosystems; growth rings; leaf abscission; leaves; mixed forests; nutrient availability; nutrient content; phenology; plant litter; soil microorganisms; species diversity; stoichiometry; storms; trees; water use efficiency
Abstract:
... Litterfall dynamics (production, seasonality and nutrient composition) are key factors influencing nutrient cycling. Leaf litter characteristics are modified by species composition, site conditions and water availability. However, significant evidence on how large‐scale, global circulation patterns affect ecophysiological processes at tree and ecosystem level remains scarce due to the difficulty i ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14672

15. Experimental warming alters the community composition, diversity, and N2 fixation activity of peat moss (Sphagnum fallax) microbiomes

Author:
Carrell, Alyssa A.; Kolton, Max; Glass, Jennifer B.; Pelletier, Dale A.; Warren, Melissa J.; Kostka, Joel E.; Iversen, Colleen M.; Hanson, Paul J.; Weston, David J.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2993-3004
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Nostocales; Rhizobiales; Sphagnum fallax; bogs; carbon sequestration; climate change; community structure; ecosystems; genes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; microbial communities; microbiome; mosses and liverworts; nitrogen cycle; nitrogen fixation; nitrogen-fixing bacteria; nitrogenase; peatlands; ribosomal RNA; soil carbon; species diversity; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Sphagnum‐dominated peatlands comprise a globally important pool of soil carbon (C) and are vulnerable to climate change. While peat mosses of the genus Sphagnum are known to harbor diverse microbial communities that mediate C and nitrogen (N) cycling in peatlands, the effects of climate change on Sphagnum microbiome composition and functioning are largely unknown. We investigated the impacts of ex ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14715
PubMed:
31148286
PubMed Central:
PMC6852288

16. Global pattern and controls of biological nitrogen fixation under nutrient enrichment: A meta‐analysis

Author:
Zheng, Mianhai; Zhou, Zhenghu; Luo, Yiqi; Zhao, Ping; Mo, Jiangming
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3018-3030
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
atmospheric precipitation; biogeochemical cycles; boreal forests; cold; confidence interval; environmental factors; global change; grasslands; latitude; meta-analysis; net primary productivity; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; nutrient availability; nutrients; phosphorus; regression analysis; savannas; temperate forests; temperature; terrestrial ecosystems; tropical forests; tundra; uncertainty; variance
Abstract:
... Biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF), an important source of N in terrestrial ecosystems, plays a critical role in terrestrial nutrient cycling and net primary productivity. Currently, large uncertainty exists regarding how nutrient availability regulates terrestrial BNF and the drivers responsible for this process. We conducted a global meta‐analysis of terrestrial BNF in response to N, phospho ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14705

17. Linking drought legacy effects across scales: From leaves to tree rings to ecosystems

Author:
Kannenberg, Steven A.; Novick, Kimberly A.; Alexander, M. Ross; Maxwell, Justin T.; Moore, David J. P.; Phillips, Richard P.; Anderegg, William R. L.
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2978-2992
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
canopy; carbon; carbon cycle; data collection; dendrochronology; drought; ecosystems; eddy covariance; forests; gas exchange; gross primary productivity; growth rings; leaf area; leaves; photosynthesis; remote sensing; satellites; tree physiology; trees; Midwestern United States
Abstract:
... Severe drought can cause lagged effects on tree physiology that negatively impact forest functioning for years. These “drought legacy effects” have been widely documented in tree‐ring records and could have important implications for our understanding of broader scale forest carbon cycling. However, legacy effects in tree‐ring increments may be decoupled from ecosystem fluxes due to (a) postdrough ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14710

18. Opportunities for behavioral rescue under rapid environmental change

Author:
Fey, Samuel B.; Vasseur, David A.; Alujević, Karla; Kroeker, Kristy J.; Logan, Michael L.; O'Connor, Mary I.; Rudolf, Volker H. W.; DeLong, John P.; Peacor, Scott; Selden, Rebecca L.; Sih, Andy; Clusella‐Trullas, Susana
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 3110-3120
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
climate change; data collection; ectothermy; extinction; geographical variation; habitats; insects; lizards; microclimate; models; risk; spatial variation; species diversity; temperature; thermal properties
Abstract:
... Laboratory measurements of physiological and demographic tolerances are important in understanding the impact of climate change on species diversity; however, it has been recognized that forecasts based solely on these laboratory estimates overestimate risk by omitting the capacity for species to utilize microclimatic variation via behavioral adjustments in activity patterns or habitat choice. The ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14712

19. Prolonged tropical forest degradation due to compounding disturbances: Implications for CO2 and H2O fluxes

Author:
Brando, Paulo M.; Silvério, Divino; Maracahipes‐Santos, Leonardo; Oliveira‐Santos, Claudinei; Levick, Shaun R.; Coe, Michael T.; Migliavacca, Mirco; Balch, Jennifer K.; Macedo, Marcia N.; Nepstad, Daniel C.; Maracahipes, Leandro; Davidson, Eric; Asner, Gregory; Kolle, Olaf; Trumbore, Susan
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2855-2868
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
biomass; canopy; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; climate; drought; ecosystem services; edge effects; evapotranspiration; fires; forest damage; grasses; habitat fragmentation; radiation use efficiency; regrowth; survival rate; trees; tropical forests; understory; wind; Amazonia
Abstract:
... Drought, fire, and windstorms can interact to degrade tropical forests and the ecosystem services they provide, but how these forests recover after catastrophic disturbance events remains relatively unknown. Here, we analyze multi‐year measurements of vegetation dynamics and function (fluxes of CO₂ and H₂O) in forests recovering from 7 years of controlled burns, followed by wind disturbance. Locat ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14659
CHORUS:
10.1111/gcb.14659

20. Response of maize biomass and soil water fluxes on elevated CO2 and drought—From field experiments to process‐based simulations

Author:
Kellner, Juliane; Houska, Tobias; Manderscheid, Remy; Weigel, Hans‐Joachim; Breuer, Lutz; Kraft, Philipp
Source:
Global change biology 2019 v.25 no.9 pp. 2947-2957
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
C3 plants; C4 plants; aboveground biomass; carbon dioxide; climate change; corn; crop models; crop yield; data collection; drought; evaporation; field experimentation; free air carbon dioxide enrichment; plant growth; soil water; transpiration; water stress; water supply; watersheds; Germany
Abstract:
... The rising concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) is known to increase the total aboveground biomass of several C3 crops, whereas C4 crops are reported to be hardly affected when water supply is sufficient. However, a free‐air carbon enrichment (FACE) experiment in Braunschweig, Germany, in 2007 and 2008 resulted in a 25% increased biomass of the C4 crop maize under restricted water con ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14723