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You searched for: Journal Global change biology Remove constraint Journal: Global change biology Publication Year 2018 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2018 Source 2018 v.24 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 2018 v.24 no.6
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1. A mineralogical record of ocean change: Decadal and centennial patterns in the California mussel

Author:
McCoy, Sophie J.; Kamenos, Nicholas A.; Chung, Peter; Wootton, Timothy J.; Pfister, Catherine A.
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2554-2562
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Mytilus californianus; acidification; calcium carbonate; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; coasts; data collection; ecology; environmental monitoring; longevity; mineralogy; mussels; ocean acidification; shell (molluscs); shellfish
Abstract:
... Ocean acidification, a product of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, may already have affected calcified organisms in the coastal zone, such as bivalves and other shellfish. Understanding species’ responses to climate change requires the context of long‐term dynamics. This can be particularly difficult given the longevity of many important species in contrast with the relatively rapid onset of ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14013

2. Anthropogenic disturbance equalizes diversity levels in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

Author:
García de León, David; Davison, John; Moora, Mari; Öpik, Maarja; Feng, Huyuan; Hiiesalu, Inga; Jairus, Teele; Koorem, Kadri; Liu, Yongjun; Phosri, Cherdchai; Sepp, Siim‐Kaarel; Vasar, Martti; Zobel, Martin
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2649-2659
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
DNA; anthropogenic activities; ecosystems; fungal communities; mycorrhizal fungi; soil sampling; species diversity; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
Abstract:
... The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a key plant–microbe interaction in sustainable functioning ecosystems. Increasing anthropogenic disturbance poses a threat to AM fungal communities worldwide, but there is little empirical evidence about its potential negative consequences. In this global study, we sequenced AM fungal DNA in soil samples collected from pairs of natural (undisturbed) and ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14131

3. Arctic moistening provides negative feedbacks to riparian plants

Author:
Helama, Samuli; Arppe, Laura; Mielikäinen, Kari; Oinonen, Markku
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2691-2707
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Pinus sylvestris; biomass production; carbon; carbon dioxide fixation; carbon sinks; ecophysiology; ecosystems; flooded conditions; growth rings; highlands; lakes; latitude; light intensity; riparian areas; seedlings; solar radiation; stable isotopes; streams; summer; trees; Arctic region; Lapland
Abstract:
... Arctic moistening will affect the circumpolar forested riparian ecosystems. Upward trends observed for precipitation in high latitudes illustrate that the moistening may be underway to influence the woody biomass production near the inland waters, lakes and streams with effects on carbon pools and fluxes. Although the flooding and waterlogging tolerance of seedlings has been investigated, our unde ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14058

4. Australian wheat production expected to decrease by the late 21st century

Author:
Wang, Bin; Liu, De L.; O'Leary, Garry J.; Asseng, Senthold; Macadam, Ian; Lines‐Kelly, Rebecca; Yang, Xihua; Clark, Anthony; Crean, Jason; Sides, Timothy; Xing, Hongtao; Mi, Chunrong; Yu, Qiang
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2403-2415
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
biogeography; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; crop models; cropping systems; food security; grain yield; greenhouse gas emissions; wheat; South Australia
Abstract:
... Climate change threatens global wheat production and food security, including the wheat industry in Australia. Many studies have examined the impacts of changes in local climate on wheat yield per hectare, but there has been no assessment of changes in land area available for production due to changing climate. It is also unclear how total wheat production would change under future climate when au ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14034

5. A 120‐year record of resilience to environmental change in brachiopods

Author:
Cross, Emma L.; Harper, Elizabeth M.; Peck, Lloyd S.
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2262-2271
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
acclimation; carbon dioxide; climate change; field experimentation; oceans
Abstract:
... The inability of organisms to cope in changing environments poses a major threat to their survival. Rising carbon dioxide concentrations, recently exceeding 400 μatm, are rapidly warming and acidifying our oceans. Current understanding of organism responses to this environmental phenomenon is based mainly on relatively short‐ to medium‐term laboratory and field experiments, which cannot evaluate t ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14085

6. Climate change likely to reduce orchid bee abundance even in climatic suitable sites

Author:
Faleiro, Frederico Valtuille; Nemésio, André; Loyola, Rafael
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2272-2283
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Apidae; aromatic compounds; bait traps; baits; climate change; climate models; forests; georeferencing; males; niches; population growth; prediction; prioritization; protocols; sampling; species diversity
Abstract:
... Studies have tested whether model predictions based on species’ occurrence can predict the spatial pattern of population abundance. The relationship between predicted environmental suitability and population abundance varies in shape, strength and predictive power. However, little attention has been paid to the congruence in predictions of different models fed with occurrence or abundance data, in ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14112

7. Climate warming and land‐use changes drive broad‐scale floristic changes in Southern Sweden

Author:
Tyler, Torbjörn; Herbertsson, Lina; Olsson, Pål Axel; Fröberg, Lars; Olsson, Kjell‐Arne; Svensson, Åke; Olsson, Ola
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2607-2621
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Lepidoptera; acidification; bees; biodiversity; carbon dioxide; carnivores; disturbed soils; drainage; eutrophication; flora; flowering date; global warming; grasslands; grazing; habitats; human population; humification; land use change; light requirement; models; mowing; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; pH; parasitism; phosphorus; photosynthesis; pollination; pollinators; pollution; surface water; surveys; variance; water requirement; wetlands; Sweden
Abstract:
... Land‐use changes, pollution and climate warming during the 20th century have caused changes in biodiversity across the world. However, in many cases, the environmental drivers are poorly understood. To identify and rank the drivers currently causing broad‐scale floristic changes in N Europe, we analysed data from two vascular plant surveys of 200 randomly selected 2.5 × 2.5 km grid‐squares in Scan ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14031

8. Climate warming is associated with smaller body size and shorter lifespans in moose near their southern range limit

Author:
Hoy, Sarah R.; Peterson, Rolf O.; Vucetich, John A.
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2488-2497
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Alces alces; adults; anthropogenic activities; body size; climate; evolution; females; global warming; longevity; males; phenotype; phenotypic plasticity; population dynamics; predation; skull; temperature; time series analysis; vertebrates; winter
Abstract:
... Despite the importance of body size for individual fitness, population dynamics and community dynamics, the influence of climate change on growth and body size is inadequately understood, particularly for long‐lived vertebrates. Although temporal trends in body size have been documented, it remains unclear whether these changes represent the adverse impact of climate change (environmental stress c ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14015

9. Comparison of crop yield sensitivity to ozone between open‐top chamber and free‐air experiments

Author:
Feng, Zhaozhong; Uddling, Johan; Tang, Haoye; Zhu, Jianguo; Kobayashi, Kazuhiko
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2231-2238
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
crops; cultivars; food production; gas exchange; ozone; rice; soybeans; stomatal conductance; wheat
Abstract:
... Assessments of the impacts of ozone (O₃) on regional and global food production are currently based on results from experiments using open‐top chambers (OTCs). However, there are concerns that these impact estimates might be biased due to the environmental artifacts imposed by this enclosure system. In this study, we collated O₃ exposure and yield data for three major crop species—wheat, rice, and ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14077

10. Contrasting above‐ and belowground organic matter decomposition and carbon and nitrogen dynamics in response to warming in High Arctic tundra

Author:
Blok, Daan; Faucherre, Samuel; Banyasz, Imre; Rinnan, Riikka; Michelsen, Anders; Elberling, Bo
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2660-2672
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
biodegradation; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; carbon sinks; cell respiration; ecosystems; global warming; metabolism; mineralization; nitrogen; organic matter; permafrost; plant litter; root exudates; sediments; shrubs; thawing; tundra
Abstract:
... Tundra regions are projected to warm rapidly during the coming decades. The tundra biome holds the largest terrestrial carbon pool, largely contained in frozen permafrost soils. With warming, these permafrost soils may thaw and become available for microbial decomposition, potentially providing a positive feedback to global warming. Warming may directly stimulate microbial metabolism but may also ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14017

11. Control of “blue carbon” storage by mangrove ageing: Evidence from a 66‐year chronosequence in French Guiana

Author:
Walcker, Romain; Gandois, Laure; Proisy, Christophe; Corenblit, Dov; Mougin, Éric; Laplanche, Christophe; Ray, Raghab; Fromard, François
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2325-2338
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
age structure; belowground biomass; carbon; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; chronosequences; ecosystems; equations; forests; mangroves; soil; time series analysis; French Guiana
Abstract:
... The role of mangroves in the blue carbon stock is critical and requires special focus. Mangroves are carbon‐rich forests that are not in steady‐state equilibrium at the decadal time scale. Over the last decades, the structure and zonation of mangroves have been largely disturbed by coastal changes and land use conversions. The amount of time since the last disturbance is a key parameter determinin ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14100

12. Cover crops mitigate direct greenhouse gases balance but reduce drainage under climate change scenarios in temperate climate with dry summers

Author:
Tribouillois, Hélène; Constantin, Julie; Justes, Eric
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2513-2529
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
carbon; carbon sequestration; climate change; cover crops; crop rotation; drainage; ecosystem services; evapotranspiration; forestry; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; groundwater; models; nitrous oxide; soil water; soil water balance; summer; temperate zones; water management; watersheds; France
Abstract:
... Cover crops provide ecosystem services such as storing atmospheric carbon in soils after incorporation of their residues. Cover crops also influence soil water balance, which can be an issue in temperate climates with dry summers as for example in southern France and Europe. As a consequence, it is necessary to understand cover crops' long‐term influence on greenhouse gases (GHG) and water balance ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14091

13. Detecting early warning signals of tree mortality in boreal North America using multiscale satellite data

Author:
Rogers, Brendan M.; Solvik, Kylen; Hogg, Edward H.; Ju, Junchang; Masek, Jeffrey G.; Michaelian, Michael; Berner, Logan T.; Goetz, Scott J.
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2284-2304
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
climate change; death; drought; forest inventory; forests; landscapes; models; monitoring; mortality; normalized difference vegetation index; remote sensing; satellites; streams; temporal variation; time series analysis; tree mortality; North America
Abstract:
... Increasing tree mortality from global change drivers such as drought and biotic infestations is a widespread phenomenon, including in the boreal zone where climate changes and feedbacks to the Earth system are relatively large. Despite the importance for science and management communities, our ability to forecast tree mortality at landscape to continental scales is limited. However, two independen ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14107

14. Drought timing and local climate determine the sensitivity of eastern temperate forests to drought

Author:
D'Orangeville, Loïc; Maxwell, Justin; Kneeshaw, Daniel; Pederson, Neil; Duchesne, Louis; Logan, Travis; Houle, Daniel; Arseneault, Dominique; Beier, Colin M.; Bishop, Daniel A.; Druckenbrod, Daniel; Fraver, Shawn; Girard, François; Halman, Joshua; Hansen, Chris; Hart, Justin L.; Hartmann, Henrik; Kaye, Margot; Leblanc, David; Manzoni, Stefano; Ouimet, Rock; Rayback, Shelly; Rollinson, Christine R.; Phillips, Richard P.
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2339-2351
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
General Circulation Models; carbon; climate; climate change; drought; ecosystems; environmental factors; evapotranspiration; interspecific variation; intraspecific variation; rooting; soil; stand characteristics; temperate forests; temperature; tree growth; tree mortality; trees; North America
Abstract:
... Projected changes in temperature and drought regime are likely to reduce carbon (C) storage in forests, thereby amplifying rates of climate change. While such reductions are often presumed to be greatest in semi‐arid forests that experience widespread tree mortality, the consequences of drought may also be important in temperate mesic forests of Eastern North America (ENA) if tree growth is signif ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14096

15. Emerging threat of the 21st century lightscape to global biodiversity

Author:
Koen, Erin L.; Minnaar, Corneile; Roever, Carrie L.; Boyles, Justin G.
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2315-2324
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Chiroptera; Gekkonidae; amphibians; anthropogenic activities; birds; extinction; freshwater; industrialization; pollution; remote sensing; reptiles; species diversity; trophic relationships
Abstract:
... Over the last century the temporal and spatial distribution of light on Earth has been drastically altered by human activity. Despite mounting evidence of detrimental effects of light pollution on organisms and their trophic interactions, the extent to which light pollution threatens biodiversity on a global scale remains unclear. We assessed the spatial extent and magnitude of light encroachment ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14146

16. Essential ocean variables for global sustained observations of biodiversity and ecosystem changes

Author:
Miloslavich, Patricia; Bax, Nicholas J.; Simmons, Samantha E.; Klein, Eduardo; Appeltans, Ward; Aburto‐Oropeza, Octavio; Andersen Garcia, Melissa; Batten, Sonia D.; Benedetti‐Cecchi, Lisandro; Checkley, David M., Jr.; Chiba, Sanae; Duffy, J. Emmett; Dunn, Daniel C.; Fischer, Albert; Gunn, John; Kudela, Raphael; Marsac, Francis; Muller‐Karger, Frank E.; Obura, David; Shin, Yunne‐Jai
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2416-2433
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; automation; biodiversity; biomass; birds; canopy; climate change; corals; ecosystems; fish; governance; infrastructure; international agreements; issues and policy; macroalgae; marine resources; models; oceans; phytoplankton; sea turtles; seagrasses; technology; time series analysis; zooplankton
Abstract:
... Sustained observations of marine biodiversity and ecosystems focused on specific conservation and management problems are needed around the world to effectively mitigate or manage changes resulting from anthropogenic pressures. These observations, while complex and expensive, are required by the international scientific, governance and policy communities to provide baselines against which the effe ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14108

17. Experimental strategies to assess the biological ramifications of multiple drivers of global ocean change—A review

Author:
Boyd, Philip W.; Collins, Sinead; Dupont, Sam; Fabricius, Katharina; Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre; Havenhand, Jonathan; Hutchins, David A.; Riebesell, Ulf; Rintoul, Max S.; Vichi, Marcello; Biswas, Haimanti; Ciotti, Aurea; Gao, Kunshan; Gehlen, Marion; Hurd, Catriona L.; Kurihara, Haruko; McGraw, Christina M.; Navarro, Jorge M.; Nilsson, Göran E.; Passow, Uta; Pörtner, Hans‐Otto
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2239-2261
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
biosphere; climate change; community ecology; evolutionary biology; guidelines; issues and policy; oceans; physiology
Abstract:
... Marine life is controlled by multiple physical and chemical drivers and by diverse ecological processes. Many of these oceanic properties are being altered by climate change and other anthropogenic pressures. Hence, identifying the influences of multifaceted ocean change, from local to global scales, is a complex task. To guide policy‐making and make projections of the future of the marine biosphe ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14102

18. Global patterns of nonanalogous climates in the past and future derived from thermal and hydraulic factors

Author:
Li, Qin; Kou, Xiaojun; Beierkuhnlein, Carl; Liu, Shirong; Ge, Jianping
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2463-2475
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
biodiversity; climate; ecosystems
Abstract:
... Nonanalogous climates (NACs), climates without modern analogs on Earth, challenge our understanding of eco‐evolutionary processes that shape global biodiversity, particularly because of their propensity to promote novel ecosystems. However, NAC studies are generally inadequate and partial. Specifically, systematic comparisons between the future and the past are generally lacking, and hydraulic NAC ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14104

19. Increased intrusion of warming Atlantic water leads to rapid expansion of temperate phytoplankton in the Arctic

Author:
Neukermans, Griet; Oziel, Laurent; Babin, Marcel
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2545-2553
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Emiliania huxleyi; basins; ocean warming; phytoplankton; satellites; water temperature; Arctic region; Barents Sea
Abstract:
... The Arctic Ocean and its surrounding shelf seas are warming much faster than the global average, which potentially opens up new distribution areas for temperate‐origin marine phytoplankton. Using over three decades of continuous satellite observations, we show that increased inflow and temperature of Atlantic waters in the Barents Sea resulted in a striking poleward shift in the distribution of bl ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14075

20. Interactions among plants, bacteria, and fungi reduce extracellular enzyme activities under long‐term N fertilization

Author:
Carrara, Joseph E.; Walter, Christopher A.; Hawkins, Jennifer S.; Peterjohn, William T.; Averill, Colin; Brzostek, Edward R.
Source:
Global change biology 2018 v.24 no.6 pp. 2721-2734
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Basidiomycota; bacteria; bacterial communities; biomass; carbon; carbon sinks; community structure; ecosystems; edaphic factors; enzyme activity; extracellular enzymes; fertilizer application; fine roots; fungal communities; fungi; lignin; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; organic horizons; rhizosphere; soil microorganisms; soil organic matter; subsidies; temperate forests; trees; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; West Virginia
Abstract:
... Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has enhanced soil carbon (C) stocks in temperate forests. Most research has posited that these soil C gains are driven primarily by shifts in fungal community composition with elevated N leading to declines in lignin degrading Basidiomycetes. Recent research, however, suggests that plants and soil microbes are dynamically intertwined, whereby plants send C subsi ...
DOI:
10.1111/gcb.14081