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1. Efficacy of RNA interference knockdown using aerosolized short interfering RNAs bound to nanoparticles in three diverse aphid species

Author:
Thairu, M. W.; Skidmore, I. H.; Bansal, R.; Nováková, E.; Hansen, T. E.; Li‐Byarlay, H.; Wickline, S. A.; Hansen, A. K.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2017 v.26 no.3 pp. 356-368
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
Acyrthosiphon pisum; Aphis glycines; RNA interference; Schizaphis graminum; amino acids; carotenes; emulsions; genes; insects; metabolism; methodology; nanoparticles; phenotype; pigmentation; small interfering RNA
Abstract:
... RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising method for validating gene function; however, its utility in nonmodel insects has proven problematic, with delivery methods being one of the main obstacles. This study investigates a novel method of RNAi delivery in aphids, the aerosolization of short interfering RNA (siRNA)–nanoparticle complexes. By using nanoparticles as a siRNA carrier, the li ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12301

2. Expanding the view of Clock and cycle gene evolution in Diptera

Author:
Chahad‐Ehlers, S.; Arthur, L. P.; Lima, A. L. A.; Gesto, J. S. M.; Torres, F. R.; Peixoto, A. A.; de Brito, R. A.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2017 v.26 no.3 pp. 317-331
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
Anastrepha fraterculus; Calliphoridae; Drosophila; Muscidae; Sarcophagidae; brain; evolution; fruit flies; gene expression; genes; messenger RNA; muscles; nucleotide sequences; proteins; transcriptional activation
Abstract:
... We expanded the view of Clock (Clk) and cycle (cyc) gene evolution in Diptera by studying the fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Afra), a Brachycera. Despite the high conservation of clock genes amongst insect groups, striking structural and functional differences of some clocks have appeared throughout evolution. Clk and cyc nucleotide sequences and corresponding proteins were characterized, along ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12296

3. Identification of ecdysteroidogenic enzyme genes and their expression during pupal diapause in the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae

Author:
Ogihara, M. H.; Ikeda, H.; Yamada, N.; Hikiba, J.; Nakaoka, T.; Fujimoto, Y.; Suzuki, Y.; Saito, K.; Mizoguchi, A.; Kataoka, H.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2017 v.26 no.3 pp. 286-297
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
Drosophila; Mamestra brassicae; cabbage; diapause; ecdysteroidogenesis; enzymes; gene expression; genes; heterologous gene expression; insects; messenger RNA; prothoracic glands; pupae; pupation
Abstract:
... In this study, we identified ecdysteroidogenic enzymes in the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae, and demonstrated reduced expression of these genes during diapause. Some insects employ a temporary developmental arrest, diapause, to survive in severe environments. The titres of the moulting hormone ecdysteroid were reduced in diapause pupae of M. brassicae; therefore, ecdysteroidogenesis might b ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12291

4. Multiple ATP‐binding cassette transporters are involved in insecticide resistance in the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus

Author:
Sun, H.; Pu, J.; Chen, F.; Wang, J.; Han, Z.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2017 v.26 no.3 pp. 343-355
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
ABC transporters; Laodelphax striatellus; chlorpyrifos; deltamethrin; gene expression regulation; genes; humans; imidacloprid; insecticide resistance; insects; lipids; multiple drug resistance; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; resistance mechanisms; synergism; toxicity; transcriptome; verapamil
Abstract:
... ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters are membrane‐bound proteins involved in the movement of various substrates, including drugs and insecticides, across the lipid membrane. Demonstration of the role of human ABC transporters in multidrug resistance has led to speculation that they might be an important mechanism controlling the fate of insecticides in insects. However, the role of ABC transpor ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12299

5. Pancreatic lipase‐related protein 2 is essential for egg hatching in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Author:
Xu, L.; Huang, H.‐J.; Zhou, X.; Liu, C.‐W.; Bao, Y.‐Y.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2017 v.26 no.3 pp. 277-285
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
Nilaparvata lugens; RNA interference; adults; diet; eggs; females; galactolipids; genes; hatching; humans; hydrolysis; insects; messenger RNA; oocytes; pancreas; plant pests; rice; seedlings; transcriptome
Abstract:
... In this study, we identified a pancreatic lipase‐related protein 2 (PLRP2) gene through searching the transcriptome data of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, a monophagous rice pest. PLRP2 mRNAs were first isolated in the human pancreas and play an important role in hydrolysis of galactolipids from the diet. Although homologous PLRP2 genes have been identified in many insect species, thei ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12290

6. Tissue‐specific expression and silencing phenotypes of mitochondrial phosphate carrier paralogues in several insect species

Author:
Sugahara, R.; Jouraku, A.; Nakakura, T.; Minaba, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Shinohara, Y.; Miyoshi, H; Shiotsuki, T.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2017 v.26 no.3 pp. 332-342
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
Bombyx mori; Drosophila melanogaster; Liriomyza; Locusta migratoria; Plautia stali; Schistocerca gregaria; Tribolium castaneum; adenosine triphosphate; alternative splicing; cytosol; eukaryotic cells; genes; insects; larval development; mammals; membrane proteins; mitochondria; nymphs; phenotype; phosphates; tissues
Abstract:
... The mitochondrial phosphate carrier gene (PiC) encodes a membrane protein that mediates the supply of inorganic phosphate from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix. This substrate‐specific transport system plays an important role in efficient ATP synthesis. Mammals appear to have only one PiC with two alternative splicing variants whose functional differences remain unclear. The present study ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12297