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1. Wine Reduction Potentials: Are These Measured Values Really Reduction Potentials?

Author:
Danilewicz, John C; Tunbridge, Peter; Kilmartin, Paul A.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4145-4153
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
adsorption; electrochemistry; electrodes; ethanol; oxidation; oxygen; platinum; red wines; reducing agents; winemaking
Abstract:
... During its production wine can react with substantial amounts of aerial oxygen. Some oxidation can be beneficial, especially in red wine, but if allowed to occur in excess it is highly detrimental, making oxygen management an important aspect of wine making. The use of reduction potentials at platinum electrodes to measure the redox state of wines extends back over 80 years. The premise is that re ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00127

2. Revealing the Effects of Curcumin on SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells: A Combined Study from Cellular Viability, Morphology, and Biomechanics

Author:
Yu, Xiaoting; Chen, Ligang; Tang, Mingjie; Yang, Zhongbo; Fu, Ailing; Wang, Zhanzhong; Wang, Huabin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4273-4279
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
adhesion; analytical kits; biomechanics; cell viability; curcumin; dose response; drugs; elastic deformation; image analysis; neurons; synapse; viability assays
Abstract:
... In this work, the effects of curcumin on the viability, morphology, and nanomechanics of SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were investigated using a conventional cell viability test kit (CCK-8) and sophisticated AFM imaging and force measurement techniques. CCK-8 tests show that SH-SY5Y neuronal cells have a dose–response to curcumin in terms of viability that is dependent on the exposure durations. When exp ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00314

3. Crystal Structure of GH49 Dextranase from Arthrobacter oxidans KQ11: Identification of Catalytic Base and Improvement of Thermostability Using Semirational Design Based on B-Factors

Author:
Ren, Wei; Liu, Le; Gu, Lide; Yan, Wanli; Feng, Yan li; Dong, Dongxue; Wang, Shujun; Lyu, Mingsheng; Wang, Changhai
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4355-4366
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Arthrobacter oxidans; active sites; amino acid sequences; aquatic bacteria; crystal structure; dextranase; mutants; sequence analysis; thermal stability
Abstract:
... The crystal structure of Dextranase from the marine bacterium Arthrobacter oxidans KQ11 (Aodex) was determined at a resolution of 1.4 Å. The crystal structure of the conserved Aodex fragment (Ala52–Thr638) consisted of an N-terminal domain N and a C-terminal domain C. The N-terminal domain N was identified as a β-sandwich, connected to a right-handed parallel β-helix at the C-terminus. Sequence co ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01290

4. Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of the Kudzu Bug, Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), to Volatile Compounds from Kudzu and Soybean Plants

Author:
Yang, Liu; Hu, Xing Ping; Allan, Sandra A.; Alborn, Hans T.; Bernier, Ulrich R.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4177-4183
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Megacopta cribraria; Pueraria montana var. lobata; adults; benzaldehyde; bioassays; container-grown plants; dose response; electroantennography; electrophysiology; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; headspace analysis; insect attractants; integrated pest management; monitoring; ocimene; octenol; olfactometers; pests; semiochemicals; soybeans; volatile compounds; United States
Abstract:
... The kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria, is a key pest of soybean in the United States. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult M. cribraria to kudzu and soybean volatile compounds were examined to identify semiochemicals used for host location. Headspace volatiles collected from undamaged potted plants were analyzed by gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC–EAD). Su ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06765

5. Cyclase-Associated Protein Cap with Multiple Domains Contributes to Mycotoxin Biosynthesis and Fungal Virulence in Aspergillus flavus

Author:
Yang, Kunlong; Liu, Yinghang; Wang, Sen; Wu, Lianghuan; Xie, Rui; Lan, Huahui; Fasoyin, Opemipo Esther; Wang, Yu; Wang, Shihua
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4200-4213
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Aspergillus flavus; biosynthesis; cAMP-dependent protein kinase; conidiation; cyclic AMP; fungi; genes; hyphae; mutants; mycotoxins; pathogens; phosphorylation; sclerotia; spore germination; virulence; virulent strains
Abstract:
... In Aspergillus, the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling modulates asexual development and mycotoxin biosynthesis. Here, we characterize the cyclase-associated protein Cap in the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus flauvs. The cap disruption mutant exhibited dramatic reduction in hyphal growth, conidiation, and spore germination, while an enhanced production of the sclerotia was observed in t ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b07115

6. Estimation of Syringyl Units in Wood Lignins by FT-Raman Spectroscopy

Author:
Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Padmakshan, Dharshana; Liu, Sarah; Foster, Cliff E.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4367-4374
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; biomass; cell walls; dioxane; fluorescence; lignin; lignin content; lignocellulose; models; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; quantitative analysis; thioacidolysis; wood
Abstract:
... Syringyl (S) lignin content and the syringyl-to-guaiacyl (S/G) lignin ratio are important characteristics of wood and lignocellulosic biomass. Although numerous methods are available for estimating S lignin units and the S/G ratio, in this work, a new method based on Raman spectroscopy that uses the 370 cm–¹ Raman band-area intensity (370-area) was developed. The reliability of the Raman approach ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06707

7. Maize VIVIPAROUS1 Interacts with ABA INSENSITIVE5 to Regulate GALACTINOL SYNTHASE2 Expression Controlling Seed Raffinose Accumulation

Author:
Zhang, Yumin; Sun, Qichao; Zhang, Chunxia; Hao, Guanglong; Wang, Chunmei; Dirk, Lynnette M. A.; Downie, A. Bruce; Zhao, Tianyong
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4214-4223
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
biosynthesis; corn; gene expression regulation; mutants; pollination; protoplasts; raffinose; seeds; transcriptomics; vigor
Abstract:
... Raffinose, an oligosaccharide found in many seeds, plays an important role in seed vigor; however, the regulatory mechanism governing raffinose biosynthesis remains unclear. We report here that maize W22 wild type (WT) seeds, but not W22 viviparous1 (zmvp1) mutant seeds, start accumulating galactinol and raffinose 28 days after pollination (DAP). Transcriptome analysis of the zmvp1 embryo showed t ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00322

8. Optimization and Validation of an HPAEC-PAD Method for the Quantification of FODMAPs in Cereals and Cereal-Based Products

Author:
Ispiryan, Lilit; Heitmann, Mareile; Hoehnel, Andrea; Zannini, Emanuele; Arendt, Elke K.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4384-4392
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
anion exchange; chromatography; detection limit; enzymatic hydrolysis; foods; fructans; fructose; glucose; ingredients; polymerization; polyols; pseudocereals; wheat
Abstract:
... This study presents an analytical method for the quantification of fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) in cereals and cereal-based products, considering diverse ingredients, such as different cereals in addition to wheat, pulses, or pseudocereals. All carbohydrates have been separated, identified, and quantified with a high-performance anion-exchange chromatographic ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00382

9. Taste Modulating Peptides from Overfermented Cocoa Beans

Author:
Salger, Mathias; Stark, Timo D.; Hofmann, Thomas
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4311-4320
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
cocoa beans; dipeptides; fractionation; high performance liquid chromatography; models; moieties; pH; screening; solvents; synergism; tandem mass spectrometry; taste sensitivity; tripeptides; ultra-performance liquid chromatography; umami
Abstract:
... Activity-guided fractionation of an aqueous extract of overfermented cocoa beans, which were recently found to be a rich source of previously unknown taste enhancing substances, revealed the presence of a series of taste modulating short peptides. Fractionation was achieved by means of sequential solvent extraction, medium pressure liquid chromatography, as well as preparative high pressure liquid ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00905

10. Isolation and Characterization of the Pymetrozine-Degrading Strain Pseudomonas sp. BYT-1

Author:
Sun, Gaojie; Zhang, Mingliang; Liu, Xiaoan; Gao, Qinqin; Jiang, Wankui; Zhou, Yidong; Wang, Hui; Cui, Mengdi; Qiu, Jiguo; Xu, Jianhong; Hong, Qing
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4170-4176
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Pseudomonas; bacterial culture; biodegradation; carbon; chemical bonding; hydrolysis; hydroxylation; niacin; pH; pymetrozine
Abstract:
... In this study, we isolated and characterized the bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. BYT-1, which is capable of degrading pymetrozine and using it as the sole carbon source for growth. Strain BYT-1 could degrade 2.30 mM pymetrozine within 20 h under the optimal conditions of 30 °C and pH 7.0. Investigation of the degradation pathway showed that pymetrozine was oxidatively hydrolyzed to 4-amino-6-meth ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06155

11. Maslinic Acid Inhibits Colon Tumorigenesis by the AMPK–mTOR Signaling Pathway

Author:
Wei, Qing; Zhang, Biying; Li, Ping; Wen, Xiaodong; Yang, Jie
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4259-4272
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
AMP-activated protein kinase; animal models; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; azoxymethane; carcinogenesis; cell proliferation; colon; colorectal neoplasms; dextran sulfate; mice; olives; rapamycin; signal transduction; triterpenoids
Abstract:
... Maslinic acid (MA), a natural triterpenoid abundant in olives, has a variety of bioactivities. However, its effects and mechanisms on colorectal cancer (CRC) still need to be explored. This research evaluated the effects of MA on CRC progression from the aspect of the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)–mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. MA inhibited the prolif ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00170

12. Metabolic Activation of Myristicin and Its Role in Cellular Toxicity

Author:
Zhu, Xu; Wang, Yi-Kun; Yang, Xiao-Nan; Xiao, Xue-Rong; Zhang, Ting; Yang, Xiu-Wei; Qin, Hong-Bo; Li, Fei
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4328-4336
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
acetylcysteine; cytochrome P-450; cytotoxicity; hepatocytes; humans; maleates; medicinal plants; metabolism; metabolomics; mice; screening; spices
Abstract:
... Myristicin is widely distributed in spices and medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to explore the role of metabolic activation of myristicin in its potential toxicity through a metabolomic approach. The myristicin–N-acetylcysteine adduct was identified by comparing the metabolic maps of myristicin and 1′-hydroxymyristicin. The supplement of N-acetylcysteine could protect against the cytoto ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00893

13. Assessment of Multiorigin Humin Components Evolution and Influencing Factors During Composting

Author:
Xie, Xinyu; Gao, Xintong; Pan, Chaonan; Wei, Zimin; Zhao, Yue; Zhang, Xu; Luo, Sheng; Cao, Jinxiang
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4184-4192
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
animal manures; composting; environmental impact; fluorescence; humin; microorganisms; models; spectroscopy; straw; structural equation modeling
Abstract:
... Humin (HM) is a complex mixture of molecules produced in the different biological processes, and the structural evolution of HM in the agricultural wastes composting are not well-known. Elucidating and comparing the structural evolution during livestock manure (LMC) and straw wastes (SWC) composting can help one to better understand the fates, features, and environmental impacts of HM. This study ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b07007

14. Citrus Flavanones Enhance β-Carotene Uptake in Vitro Experiment Using Caco-2 Cell: Structure–Activity Relationship and Molecular Mechanisms

Author:
Zhang, Zhongyuan; Nie, Meimei; Liu, Chunquan; Jiang, Ning; Liu, Chunju; Li, Dajing
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4280-4288
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Citrus; agonists; beta-carotene; catechol; cell membranes; flavanones; glycosylation; human cell lines; membrane permeability; membrane proteins; moieties; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; structure-activity relationships; tight junctions
Abstract:
... Flavonoids can interfere with the absorption of carotenoids. In this study, the inherent mechanisms of 12 citrus flavanones for β-carotene (Bc) cellular uptake and the structure–activity relationship were investigated. The results showed that multiple hydroxyl groups had the lowest promoting effect. O-Glycosylation at C7 of the A ring led to the greatest promoting effect on Bc absorption. O-Glycos ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01376

15. Manipulation of Carotenoid Metabolic Flux by Lycopene Cyclization in Ripening Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum var. conoides) Fruits

Author:
Wang, Qiang; Cao, Tian-Jun; Zheng, Hui; Zhou, Chang-Fang; Wang, Zhong; Wang, Ran; Lu, Shan
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4300-4310
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Capsicum annuum var. annuum; biosynthesis; capsanthin; enzymes; flowers; fruits; genes; humans; leaves; lutein; lycopene; messenger RNA; metabolic engineering; phytonutrients; ripening
Abstract:
... Carotenoids are essential phytonutrients for the human body. Higher plants usually synthesize and accumulate carotenoids in their leaves, flowers, and fruits. Most carotenoids have either two β-rings on both ends or β- and ε-rings separately on two ends of their molecules and are synthesized from the acyclic lycopene as the precursor. Lycopene β- and ε-cyclases (LCYB and LCYE, respectively) cataly ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00756

16. Optimal Dietary Ferulic Acid for Suppressing the Obesity-Related Disorders in Leptin-Deficient Obese C57BL/6J-ob/ob Mice

Author:
Wang, Weiwei; Pan, Yiou; Wang, Li; Zhou, Hang; Song, Ge; Wang, Yongwei; Liu, Jianxue; Li, Aike
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4250-4258
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
animal disease models; feed conversion; ferulic acid; glucose; high fat diet; homeostasis; intestinal microorganisms; lipids; mice; obesity; obesity-related diseases; weight control; white adipose tissue
Abstract:
... Ferulic acid (FA) is a major polyphenolic compound and has been shown to improve the glucose and lipid homeostasis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Here, we found the optimal level of dietary FA to ameliorate obesity and obesity-correlated disorders, and identified the responses of gut microbiota to dietary FA in genetic leptin-deficient obese (ob/ob) mice. The ob/ob mice exhibited persistent ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06760

17. Synthesis and Acaricidal- and Insecticidal-Activity Evaluation of Novel Oxazolines Containing Sulfiliminyl Moieties and Their Derivatives

Author:
Yu, Xiuling; Zhang, Yu; Liu, Yuxiu; Li, Yongqiang; Wang, Qingmin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4224-4231
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Helicoverpa armigera; Tetranychidae; acaricidal properties; boring insects; eggs; etoxazole; insecticidal properties; larvae; lethal concentration 50; moieties; plant protection; structure-activity relationships
Abstract:
... Sulfimides and sulfoximines are highly relevant for medicinal chemistry and crop protection, as the resulting products can reveal interesting bioactivities. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a series of novel 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazolines containing sulfiliminyl and sulfoximinyl moieties. The acaricidal and insecticidal activities of the new compounds were evaluated and indicated that th ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00657

18. Analysis of Food by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Coulometric Detection and Related Techniques: A Review

Author:
Sontag, Gerhard; Pinto, Maria I.; Noronha, João P.; Burrows, Hugh D.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4113-4144
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
batch systems; derivatization; electrochemistry; electrodes; food chemistry; high performance liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; metabolomics; oxidation; pesticides; pharmacokinetics; phenolic compounds; photochemical reactions; vitamins
Abstract:
... The development of single coulometric cells in combination with high performance liquid chromatography to dual cells and to the coulometric electrode array detector is described. An overview is given about the application of these methods in food chemistry. Easily oxidizable compounds, such as phenolic substances, pesticides, or vitamins, can be determined, as well as substances with high oxidatio ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00003

19. Bruceine D Isolated from Brucea Javanica (L.) Merr. as a Systemic Feeding Deterrent for Three Major Lepidopteran Pests

Author:
Mao, Genlin; Tian, Yongqing; Sun, Zheng; Ou, Jianlin; Xu, Hanhong
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4232-4239
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera; Brucea javanica; Chinese cabbage; Plutella xylostella; Spodoptera exigua; Spodoptera littoralis; Spodoptera litura; antifeedants; antifeeding activity; azadirachtin; chemical constituents of plants; flowering; growth retardation; ingredients; insect larvae; insecticides; insects; instars; leaves; pests; pupae; roots
Abstract:
... Systemicity is a desirable property for insecticides. Many phytochemicals show good systemic properties and thus are natural sources of novel systemic insecticidal ingredients. Bruceine D, a quassinoid, was identified in Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. and displayed outstanding systemic properties and excellent antifeedant activity against the diamondback moth (DBM, Plutella xylostella L.), beet armywo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06511

20. Degradation Kinetics and Transformation Products of Levonorgestrel and Quinestrol in Soils

Author:
Tang, Tao; Ji, Chenyang; Xu, Zhenlan; Zhang, Changpeng; Zhao, Meirong; Zhao, Xueping; Wang, Qiang
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.15 pp. 4160-4169
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
biodegradation; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; environmental assessment; flooded conditions; irrigation; models; risk assessment; sewage; sludge; soil water; soil water content; temperature; total organic carbon
Abstract:
... Levonorgestrel (LNG) and quinestrol (QUN) are typical endocrine disruptors that enter the soil via sewage irrigation and sludge return. However, the fates of both compounds in soil are not well-understood. Laboratory microcosm studies were conducted to fill the gap of understanding of LNG and QUN behavior in soils. High values of goodness-of-fit indices (GFIs) were obtained using the double-first- ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04788