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1. Actinidin Enhances Gastric Protein Digestion As Assessed Using an in Vitro Gastric Digestion Model

Author:
Kaur, Lovedeep; Rutherfurd, Shane M.; Moughan, Paul J.; Drummond, Lynley; Boland, Mike J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 5068–5073
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
cysteine proteinases; in vitro digestion; proteins; kiwifruit; stomach; enzyme activity; dietary protein; pepsin; Actinidia deliciosa
Abstract:
... Consumption of kiwifruit has long been claimed anecdotally to assist in gastric digestion. This has generally been assumed to be due to the presence of the proteolytic enzyme actinidin; however, there is little published evidence supporting this assumption. This paper reports the findings of an in vitro study that examined the effect of kiwifruit proteases (actinidin) on the digestion of a range o ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf903332a
PubMed:
20232890

2. Actinidin Enhances Protein Digestion in the Small Intestine As Assessed Using an in Vitro Digestion Model

Author:
Kaur, Lovedeep; Rutherfurd, Shane M.; Moughan, Paul J.; Drummond, Lynley; Boland, Mike J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 5074–5080
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
cysteine proteinases; kiwifruit; small intestine; in vitro digestion; proteins; enzyme activity; dietary protein; pepsin
Abstract:
... This paper describes an in vitro study that tests the proposition that actinidin from green kiwifruit influences the digestion of proteins in the small intestine. Different food proteins, from sources including soy, meat, milk, and cereals, were incubated in the presence or absence of green kiwifruit extract (containing actinidin) using a two-stage in vitro digestion system consisting of an incuba ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf903835g
PubMed:
20232891

3. Alginate-Loaded Liposomes Can Protect Encapsulated Alkaline Phosphatase Functionality When Exposed to Gastric pH

Author:
Smith, Alan M.; Jaime-Fonseca, Monica R.; Grover, Liam M.; Bakalis, Serafim
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4719–4724
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
alginates; liposomes (artificial); encapsulation; alkaline phosphatase; functional properties; pH; gastric juice; novel foods; model food systems; proteins; oral administration; particle size; crosslinking
Abstract:
... The present study has evaluated the potential of alginate-loaded liposomes as a vehicle for the oral delivery of bioactive proteins. The vesicles were prepared from the phospholipid dipalmatoyl phosphatidylcholine using a simple dry film hydration technique. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was used as a model bioactive protein, which was encapsulated in alginate-loaded liposomes and conventional liposo ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904466p
PubMed:
20225816

4. Amino Acid Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Pea Seed (Pisum sativum L.) Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate Fractions

Author:
Pownall, Trisha L.; Udenigwe, Chibuike C.; Aluko, Rotimi E.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4712–4718
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
amino acid composition; antioxidant activity; peas; seeds; Pisum sativum; food analysis; food composition; enzymatic hydrolysis; protein hydrolysates; legume protein
Abstract:
... The amino acid composition and antioxidant activities of peptide fractions obtained from HPLC separation of a pea protein hydrolysate (PPH) were studied. Thermolysin hydrolysis of pea protein isolate and ultrafiltration (3 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane) yielded a PPH that was separated into five fractions (F1−F5) on a C18 reverse phase HPLC column. The fractions that eluted later from the c ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904456r
PubMed:
20359226

5. Analysis of Multiple Metabolites of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Mice and Humans

Author:
Zhao, Yang; Lee, Mao-Jung; Cheung, Connie; Ju, Ji-Hyeung; Chen, Yu-Kuo; Liu, Ba; Hu, Long-Qin; Yang, Chung S.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4844–4852
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
metabolites; tocopherols; tocotrienols; mice; animal models; humans; nutrition physiology; antioxidants; biomarkers; nutrition assessment
Abstract:
... Tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as vitamin E, are essential antioxidant nutrients. The biological fates and metabolite profiles of the different forms are not clearly understood. The objective of this study is to simultaneously analyze the metabolites of different tocopherols and tocotrienols in mouse and human samples. Using HPLC/electrochemical detection and mass spectrometry, 1 ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904464u
PubMed:
20222730
PubMed Central:
PMC2858244

6. Analysis of Reaction Products of Food Contaminants and Ingredients: Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether (BADGE) in Canned Foods

Author:
Coulier, Leon; Bradley, Emma L.; Bas, Richard C.; Verhoeckx, Kitty C.M.; Driffield, Malcolm; Harmer, Nick; Castle, Laurence
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4873–4882
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
chemical reactions; food contamination; food analysis; food composition; canned foods; coatings; packaging materials; cans; packaging materials migration; model food systems; cysteine
Abstract:
... Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is an epoxide that is used as a starting substance in the manufacture of can coatings for food-contact applications. Following migration from the can coating into food, BADGE levels decay and new reaction products are formed by reaction with food ingredients. The significant decay of BADGE was demonstrated by liquid chromatographic (LC) analysis of foodstuffs, ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904160a
PubMed:
20334396

7. Antioxidant Activity of Wines Determined by a Polarographic Assay Based on Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenge

Author:
Gorjanovic, Stanislava Z.; Novakovic, Miroslav M.; Potkonjak, Nebojsa I.; Suznjevic, Desanka Z.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4626–4631
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
antioxidant activity; wines; wine quality; food analysis; food composition; assays; hydrogen peroxide; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... Antioxidant (AO) activity of various red and white wines of different origin as well as some individual phenolic compounds present in wine has been assessed using a polarographic assay. Direct current polarography has been used to survey hydrogen peroxide scavenge (HPS) upon gradual addition of tested samples. Results expressed as reciprocal value of wine volume required for 50% decrease of anodic ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf100022e
PubMed:
20302358

8. Antioxidant and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-Inhibitory Properties of a Flaxseed Protein-Derived High Fischer Ratio Peptide Mixture

Author:
Udenigwe, Chibuike C.; Aluko, Rotimi E.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4762–4768
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
antioxidants; peptidyl-dipeptidase A; enzyme inhibition; enzyme inhibitors; linseed; oilseed protein; food analysis; food composition; peptides; mixtures; protein hydrolysates; enzymatic hydrolysis; functional foods
Abstract:
... Hydrolysis of flaxseed proteins using thermolysin and pronase followed by mixing with activated carbon, centrifugation and filtration yielded a filtrate (peptide mixture) with a Fischer ratio (branched-chain amino acids/aromatic amino acids) of 23.65 and a phenylalanine + tyrosine content of 1.11%. Gel permeation chromatography showed that the flaxseed peptide sample contained mainly low molecular ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf100149w
PubMed:
20218606

9. Antioxidant Capacity, Phenolic Content, and Profiling of Phenolic Compounds in the Seeds, Skin, and Pulp of Vitis rotundifolia (Muscadine Grapes) As Determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn

Author:
Sandhu, Amandeep K.; Gu, Liwei
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4681–4692
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
phenolic compounds; grape seeds; fruit pulp; grapes; Vitis rotundifolia; high performance liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; food analysis; fruit composition; fruit quality
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to determine and compare the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in the seeds, skin, and pulp of eight cultivars of Florida-grown muscadine grapes and to identify the phenolic compounds in these respective portions. Total phenolic contents were determined colorimetrically using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and antioxidant capacity was determined by oxygen ra ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904211q
PubMed:
20334341

10. API-IT-MS for Measuring Aroma Release from Dentifrice Products Using a Device To Simulate Tooth Brushing

Author:
Pozo-Bayon, Maria Angeles; Pimenta, Paloma; Pilch, Shira; Masters, James G.; Martin-Alvarez, Pedro J.; Reineccius, Gary
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 5034-5041
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
mass spectrometry; models; odors; teeth; hygiene; equipment performance; flavor compounds
Abstract:
... A mechanical tooth brushing device coupled to an atmosphere pressure ionization ion trap mass spectrometer (API-IT-MS) combination has been developed to study the influence of time and dilution on aroma release from a model dentifrice system. API-IT-MS response to nine commonly used dentifrice flavor components was initially studied. Linear regression models were developed based on an exponential ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904266y
PubMed:
20345098

11. Applications of Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) in Allium Chemistry. 2-Propenesulfenic and 2-Propenesulfinic Acids, Diallyl Trisulfane S-Oxide, and Other Reactive Sulfur Compounds from Crushed Garlic and Other Alliums

Author:
Block, Eric A.; Dane, A. John; Thomas, Siji; Cody, Robert B.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4617–4625
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
mass spectrometry; Allium; acids; organic sulfur compounds; crushing; garlic; detection; food analysis; food composition; chemical compounds; equipment performance
Abstract:
... Through the use of direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), 2-propenesulfenic acid, an intermediate long postulated as being formed when garlic (Allium sativum) is crushed, has been detected for the first time and determined by mass spectrometric methods to have a half-life of <1 s at room temperature. Two other key intermediates, 2-propenesulfinic acid and diallyl trisulfane S-ox ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf1000106
PubMed:
20225897

12. Authentication of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Using Real Time PCR

Author:
Herrero, Beatriz; Madrinan, Maria; Vieites, Juan M.; Espineira, Montserrat
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4794–4799
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
food analysis; food composition; product authenticity; Gadus morhua; polymerase chain reaction; seafoods; cod (fish); equipment performance; traceability; new methods
Abstract:
... This work describes the development of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) system for the detection and identification of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Among the advantages of this technique, it is worth highlighting that this is reliable in terms of specificity and sensitivity. The TaqMan real-time PCR is the simplest, fastest testing process and has the highest potential for automation ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904018h
PubMed:
20355721

13. Benzophenones and Biflavonoids from Garcinia livingstonei Fruits

Author:
Yang, Hui; Figueroa, Mario; To, Satoshi; Baggett, Scott; Jiang, Bei; Basile, Margaret J.; Weinstein, Bernard; Kennelly, Edward J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4749–4755
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Garcinia; small fruits; fruit extracts; food analysis; fruit composition; cytotoxicity; human cell lines; functional foods
Abstract:
... A series of 13 known compounds, including seven benzophenones [guttiferone A (1), guttiferone K (2), xanthochymol (3), guttiferone E (4), cycloxanthochymol (5), isoxanthochymol (6), and gambogenone (7)], five biflavonoids [amentoflavone (8), 3,8′′-biapigenin (9), (+)-volkensiflavone (10), (+)-morelloflavone (11), and (+)-fukugiside (12)], and the xanthone derivative alloathyriol (13), were identif ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf9046094
PubMed:
20345100

14. Biotransformation of Hop-Derived Monoterpene Alcohols by Lager Yeast and Their Contribution to the Flavor of Hopped Beer

Author:
Takoi, Kiyoshi; Koie, Koichiro; Itoga, Yutaka; Katayama, Yuta; Shimase, Masayuki; Nakayama, Yasuyuki; Watari, Junji
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 5050-5058
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
biotransformation; hops; monoterpenoids; alcohols; beers; brewers yeast; flavor; food analysis; food composition; cultivars; Humulus lupulus; enzyme activity; alcoholic fermentation
Abstract:
... It is well-known that various beers contain many flavor compounds derived from barley malts, hops, yeast fermentation, and other raw materials. Among these flavor compounds, terpenoids are mainly derived from hops. Linalool, one of the monoterpene alcohols, has been found in various beers and been regarded as an important factor for a hop-derived beer flavor. We focus on contributions of other mon ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf1000524
PubMed:
20364865

15. Calculating Radiation Exposures during Use of 14C-Labeled Nutrients, Food Components, and Biopharmaceuticals To Quantify Metabolic Behavior in Humans [Erratum: 2010 May, v. 58, no. 9, p. 5858]

Author:
Kim, Seung-Hyun; Kelly, Peter B.; Clifford, Andrew J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4632-4637
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
radiation resistance; nutrients; foods; dietary exposure; biopharmaceuticals; isotopes; carbon; isotope labeling; humans; metabolism
Abstract:
... 14C has long been used as a tracer for quantifying the in vivo human metabolism of food components, biopharmaceuticals, and nutrients. Minute amounts (less than or equal to 1 x 10(-18) mol) of 14C can be measured with high-throughput 14C-accelerator mass spectrometry (HT 14C-AMS) in isolated chemical extracts of biological, biomedical, and environmental samples. Availability of in vivo human data ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf100113c
PubMed:
20349979
PubMed Central:
PMC2857889

16. Characterization of Peptides Released by in Vitro Digestion of Pork Meat

Author:
Escudero, Elizabeth; Sentandreu, Miguel Angel; Toldra, Fidel
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 5160–5165
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
peptides; in vitro digestion; pork; proteins; dietary protein; protein hydrolysates; nutritive value
Abstract:
... The main objective of this work was to identify and characterize the peptides generated by simulated gastrointestinal digestion of pork meat (longissimus dorsi) by the sequential action of pepsin and pancreatin. The obtained hydrolysate was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer equipped with a nanoelectrospray ionization source (nano LC−ESI-MS/M ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904535m
PubMed:
20356084

17. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant/Antidiabetic Potential of Brazilian Native Fruits and Commercial Frozen Pulps

Author:
Goncalves, Any Elisa De Souza Schmidt; Lajolo, Franco Maria; Genovese, Maria Ines
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4666–4674
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
food analysis; fruit composition; indigenous species; antioxidant activity; glycemic effect; tropical and subtropical fruits; fruit pulp; frozen fruit; functional foods; diabetes mellitus; phenolic compounds; alpha-glucosidase; enzyme inhibition; Brazil
Abstract:
... Foods provide essential and bioactive compounds with health-promoting properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic activities, which have been related to vitamins A, C, and E and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids. Therefore, the aim of this work was to identify potential sources of bioactive compounds through the determination of flavonoids and ellagic acid conten ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf903875u
PubMed:
20337450

18. Cloning and Characterization of the Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase Gene from Antrodia cinnamomea

Author:
Lee, Chen-Hsien; Hsu, Keng-Hao; Wang, Sheng-Yang; Chang, Tun-Tschu; Chu, Fang-Hua; Shaw, Jei-Fu
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4800–4807
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
molecular cloning; lanosterol; genes; fungi; biosynthesis; recombinant proteins; gene expression; bioactive properties; lipid metabolism
Abstract:
... Sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) is one of the key enzymes for sterol biosynthesis in fungi; it is widely distributed in all members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily. In this study, AcCyp51, encoding a cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase, was obtained from the sequences of EST libraries of Antrodia cinnamomea by using 5′ RACE and genome walking methods. The open reading frame of AcCyp51 is 1635 ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf904257h

19. Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Thioredoxin Reductase cDNA from Taiwanofungus camphorata

Author:
Huang, Chih-Yu; Ken, Chuian-Fu; Chi, Hsiang-Hui; Wen, Lisa; Lin, Chi-Tsai
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4825–4830
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
molecular cloning; gene expression; mushrooms; medicinal plants; amino acid sequences; sequence homology; antioxidant activity; complementary DNA; oxidative stress; glutathione reductase (NADPH)
Abstract:
... A cDNA encoding putative thioredoxin reductase (TR) was identified from a medicinal mushroom, Taiwanofungus camphorata (T. camphorata). Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence with TRs from other organisms showed high levels of identity (59−74%). A three-dimensional (3-D) homology structure was created for this TR. Functional T. camphorata TR (TcTR) was overexpressed in yeast and purified. Th ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf100222b
PubMed:
20307095

20. Comparison between Methods using Copper, Lanthanum, and Colorimetry for the Determination of the Cation Exchange Capacity of Plant Cell Walls

Author:
Wehr, J. Bernhard; Blamey, F. Pax C.; Menzies, Neal W.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4554–4559
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
equipment performance; copper; lanthanum; colorimetry; cation exchange capacity; cell walls; plant physiology; seeds; seed germination; roots; shoots; chemical analysis; chemical composition; dyes
Abstract:
... The determination of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of plant cell walls is important for many physiological studies. We describe the determination of cell wall CEC by cation binding, using either copper (Cu) or lanthanum (La) ions, and by colorimetry. Both cations are strongly bound by cell walls, permitting fast and reproducible determinations of the CEC of small samples. However, the dye bin ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf100097k
PubMed:
20345166