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You searched for: Journal Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Remove constraint Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Publication Year 1993 Remove constraint Publication Year: 1993 Source 1993 v.41 no.10 Remove constraint Source: 1993 v.41 no.10
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1. Antimicrobial components, trachrysone and 2-methoxystypandrone, in Rumex japonicus Houtt

Author:
Nishina, A.; Kubota, K.; Osawa, T.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1772-1775
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Rumex; naphthalene; roots; antibacterial properties; antifungal properties; high performance liquid chromatography
Abstract:
... Active antimicrobial substances contained in Rumex japonicus Houtt. were isolated by HPLC. As a result of the identification using MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, trachrysone and 2-methoxystypandrone were found to be antimicrobial compounds. Comparison of the antimicrobial spectra of trachrysone and 2-methoxystypandrone analogs suggested that the antimicrobial activity of trachrysone and 2-methoxystypand ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a047

2. Antioxidant and emulsifying activity of N-(long-chain-acyl)histidine and N-(long-chain-acyl)carnosine

Author:
Murase, H.; Nagao, A.; Terao, J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1601-1604
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
histidine; fatty acids; chemical reactions; amino acid derivatives; antioxidants; emulsifiers; emulsifying; phosphatidylcholines; carnosine
Abstract:
... The antioxidant activity of N-(long-chain-acyl)histidine-containing compounds was investigated. In a homogeneous solution of methyl linoleate with a radical initiator, these compounds suppressed the production of methyl linoleate hydroperoxides. When the oxidation of phosphatidylcoline liposomes was induced by ferrous ion and ascorbic acid, N-(long-chain-acyl)histidine and N-(long-chain-acyl)-carn ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a014

3. Application and performance characteristics of a novel ELISA for the quantitative analysis of the atrazine metabolite deethylatrazine

Author:
Wittmann, C.; Hock, B.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1795-1799
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
atrazine; metabolites; water pollution; herbicide residues; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Germany
Abstract:
... A highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to the analysis of the atrazine metabolite deethylatrazine in natural water samples. The ELISA, with a detection range between approximately 10 ng/L and 10 micrograms/L, was performed and validated in microtiter plates; 120 environmental water samples were analyzed with the ELISA. A close correspondence was found between the ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a052

4. Atrazine interacions with clay minerals: kinetics and equilibria of sorption

Author:
Gilchrist, G.F.R.; Gamble, D.S.; Kodama, H.; Khan, S.U.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1748-1755
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
atrazine; montmorillonite; illite; kaolinite; clay fraction; sorption; herbicide residues
Abstract:
... A novel technique using on-line microfiltration and HPLC analysis has been used to study sorption kinetics and sorption equilibrium of the herbicide atrazine with the clay minerals montmorillonite, kaolinite, and illite and the clay fraction of a soil. Fast and slow labile sorption have been observed for atrazine along with a reversible but kinetically slow sorption/desorption process that is cons ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a043

5. Bactericidal activity of anacardic acids against Streptococcus mutans and their potentiation

Author:
Muroi, H.; Kubo, I.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1780-1783
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Anacardium occidentale; salicylic acids; antibacterial properties; Streptococcus mutans
Abstract:
... Anacardic acids isolated from the cashew Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) apple and a series of their synthetic analogs, 6-alkylsalicylic acids, were found to be bactericidal against Streptococcus mutans by the time-kill curve method. The maximum antibacterial activity of 6-alkylsalicylic acids against this cariogenic bacterium showed when the carbon length comprised 12 carbon atoms in th ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a049

6. Changes in fatty acid contents, lipoxygenase activities, and volatiles during black tea manufacture

Author:
Mahanta, P.K.; Tamuli, P.; Bhuyan, L.P.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1677-1683
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
fatty acids; tea; volatile compounds; linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase; food processing; hydrolysis; oxidation; enzyme activity; drying; leaves; shoots
Abstract:
... Fatty acid composition in relation to lipolytic and lipoxygenase activities in tea leaf shoots, from different stages of the tea manufacturing process (i.e., withering, rolling, fermentation, and firing) was investigated in a series of black tea manufacturing experiments. More degradation of fatty acids and higher lipoxygenase activity were characteristics of tea leaves allowed to undergo the desi ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a030

7. Chemical compositional changes in two genetically diverse cultivars of mayhaw fruit at three maturity stages

Author:
Chapman, G.W. Jr.; Horvat, R.J.; Payne, J.A.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1550-1552
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Crataegus; succinic acid; malic acid; citric acid; quinic acid; fructose; sucrose; glucose; sorbitol; pectins; arabinose; galacturonic acid; ripening; cultivars
Abstract:
... The levels of nonvolatile acids, sugars, and pectin and the carbohydrate composition of pectin were determined in two cultivars of mayhaw fruit (Yellow Gem, Crataegus aestivalis, and Super Spur, Crataegus opaca) at three stages of maturity. Malic acid was the principal acid found in both cultivars and decreased during fruit maturation. Malic acid levels did not decrease as rapidly in Yellow Gem as ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a004

8. Comparative study of fractions from alkaline extraction of wheat straw through chemical degradation, analytical pyrolysis, and spectroscopic techniques

Author:
Fidalgo, M.L.; Terron, M.C.; Martinez, A.T.; Gonzalez, A.E.; Gonzalez-Vila, F.J.; Galletti, G.C.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1621-1626
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
hemicellulose; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; alkaline pulping; wheat straw; cinnamic acid; p-coumaric acid; infrared spectroscopy; lignin; ferulic acid; pulp
Abstract:
... A comparative assessment of spectroscopic and degradative techniques was carried out to characterize fractions from the sodium hydroxide extraction of wheat straw. CPMAS 13C NMR and IR spectra revealed lignin, lignin-carbohydrate complex, and hemicellulose in laboratory and industrial fractions. Preferential removal by alkali of syringyl lignin was observed, and lignin alteration during biological ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a019

9. Comparison of the formation of malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances from autoxidized fatty acids based on oxygen consumption

Author:
Kishida, E.; Tokumaru, S.; Ishitani, Y.; Yamamoto, M.; Oribe, M.; Iguchi, H.; Kojo, S.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1598-1600
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
linoleic acid; organic sulfur compounds; linolenic acid; stearic acid; heterocyclic nitrogen compounds; autoxidation; oleic acid; oxygen; aldehydes
Abstract:
... Fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms was oxidized at 170 degrees C in a closed vessel to measure the oxygen consumption, which was assumed to be a chemically reliable index for the autoxidation. The yields of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS) were compared with the data for oxygen consumption. In autoxidation of oleic acid, the formation of MDA and TBA-RS co ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a013

10. Critical evaluation of two commonly used techniques for the treatment of data from extract dilution sniffing analysis

Author:
Abbott, N.; Etievant, P.; Issanchou, S.; Langlois, D.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1698-1703
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
beers; odors; food analysis
Abstract:
... The data from the extract dilution sniffing analysis of beer samples have been treated by two methods of analysis to give either "charm" or "FD" values. The results obtained from these two methods were compared and demonstrated that the rank order of intensity of the odor-active regions was different for most panelists when the data were presented as charm rather than FD values. Points of uncertai ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a034

11. Dehydration products of 2-methylisoborneol are not responsible for off-flavor in the channel catfish

Author:
Mills, O.E.; Chung, S.Y.; Johnsen, P.B.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1690-1692
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Ictalurus punctatus; fish; flavor; terpenoids; volatile compounds; palatability
Abstract:
... Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses indicated that volatile fractions of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) covering a range of flavor quality were all found to contain 2-methylenebornane and 2-methyl-2-bornene, dehydration products of 2-methylisoborneol. Gas chromatographic effluent sniffing indicated that the only "earthy/musty" odor compounds present were identified as 2-me ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a032

12. Derivative spectrophotometric method for the analysis of tyrosine in unhydrolyzed protein, food, and feedstuff samples

Author:
Botsoglou, N.A.; Fletouris, D.J.; Papageorgiou, G.E.; Mantis, A.J.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1635-1639
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
foods; feeds; food analysis; gliadin; gluten; chemical analysis; tyrosine; casein; ultraviolet radiation; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A rapid and simple procedure for the analysis of tyrosine in proteinaceous materials has been developed. Sample is homogenized with sodium hydroxide solution, and the homogenate is centrifuged. Tyrosine is directly quantified in sample extract on the basis of the characteristic fourth derivative trough appearing at around 257.2 nm. Prior hydrolysis or additional cleanup of the extract is not requi ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a022

13. Detection of fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 and hydrolyzed fumonisin B1 in corn-containing foods

Author:
Hopmans, E.C.; Murphy, P.A.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1655-1658
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
corn meal; canned vegetables; food contamination; microbial contamination; corn; high performance liquid chromatography; mycotoxins; tortilla chips
Abstract:
... Selected corn-containing foods were analyzed for the presence of fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 (FB1, FB2, and FB3) and hydrolyzed fumonisin B1 (HFB1). Samples were extracted with H2O/CH3CN (1:1). Following a cleanup procedure using a C18 SPE cartridge, analytical reversed-phase HPLC and fluorometric detection of the o-phthaldialdehyde derivatives were performed. Detection limits were 25 and 50 ng/mL f ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a026

14. Development of a quantitative and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for ochratoxin A using antibodies from the yolk of the laying hen

Author:
Clarke, J.R.; Marquardt, R.R.; Oosterveld, A.; Frohlich, A.A.; Madrid, F.J.; Dawood, M.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1784-1789
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
ochratoxins; antibodies; egg yolk; feed grains; soybean meal; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Abstract:
... Antibodies directed against ochratoxin A (OA) were obtained from hen egg yolk using an optimized purification procedure and applied in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for OA in swine finisher diets. The egg yolk antibody could be recovered at levels as high as 70-80% with purities greater than 86-92% using a mixture of aqueous buffer and chloroform for lipid extraction and polyethylen ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a050

15. Dietary fiber content and composition of vegetables determined by two methods of analysis

Author:
Marlett, J.A.; Vollendrof, N.W.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1608-1612
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
vegetables; food analysis; fiber content; proximate composition; carbohydrates; dietary fiber
Abstract:
... Forty-one samples representing different forms of 12 types of vegetables were analyzed for dietary fiber content using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists method and for fiber content and composition using the Uppsala method. Mean fiber content measured by the former method was 2.1 +/- 0.9 g/100 g and by the latter method, 1.8 +/- 0.8 g/100 g. The mean soluble fiber concentration deter ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a016

16. Direct and residual effect of foliar applications of copper and manganese on cottonseed yield and quality

Author:
Sawan, Z.M.; Basyony, A.E.; McCuistion, W.L.; El Farra, A.H.A.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1756-1759
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Gossypium barbadense; copper fertilizers; foliar application; crop yield; cottonseed; cottonseed oil; cottonseed protein; crop quality; application rate; application timing; EDTA (chelating agent)
Abstract:
... In 1986-1987 field experiments at Giza, Egypt, cotton cv. Giza 75 was given foliar application of the micronutrients copper and manganese (Cu at 0.0, 12.5, 25.0, and 37.5 ppm and Mn at 0.0, 25.0, and 50.0 ppm) applied at 85 and 105 days after sowing. Individual Cu or Mn applications increased cottonseed yield and seed index above those of the control (0.0 Cu, 0.0 Mn). Cu at 37.5 ppm with Mn at 50 ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a044

17. Effects of pretreatment with gamma rays or microwaves on storage stability of dry beans

Author:
Cunha, M.F.; Sgarbieri, V.C.; Damasio, M.H.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1710-1715
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
dry beans; food storage; pretreatment; gamma radiation; microwave radiation; food irradiation; food quality; cold storage; refrigeration
Abstract:
... The objective of this work was to study the effects of gamma radiation or microwave treatment on physical, chemical, and sensorial properties of dry beans during storage. Microwave treatment for 2 min or gamma irradiation at 2 kGy was applied. Samples were stored at 4-5 degrees C in a refrigerator and at 30 degrees C, 75% relative humidity (RH), for 6 months. The hydration capacity of samples stor ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a036

18. Effects of storage conditions on levels of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines and N-nitrosamino acids in U.S. moist snuff

Author:
Djordjevic, M.V.; Fan, J.; Bush, L.P.; Brunnemann, K.D.; Hoffmann, D.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1790-1794
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
smokeless tobacco; nitrosamines; storage; ambient temperature; air temperature
Abstract:
... Oral snuff is the only commercial tobacco product with increasing sales on the U.S. market. The carcinogenic activity of snuff and other smokeless tobacco products is largely attributed to the presence of N-nitrosamines, and especially to tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA). In this study of the effects of aging and storage on the levels of TSNA, N-nitrosaminoacids (NAA), and volatile N-nitrosa ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a051

19. Enantiomeric composition of the principal components of the oil of Melaleuca alternifolia

Author:
Leach, D.N.; Wyllie, S.G.; Hall, J.G.; Kyratzis, I.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1627-1632
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Melaleuca alternifolia; essential oils; enantiomers; alpha-terpineol; monoterpenoids
Abstract:
... The concentrations and enantiomeric purity of the major monoterpene constituents in a number of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oils have been determined by enantioselective gas chromatography. Consistent enantiomeric ratios of 65:35 (+:-) for terpinen-4-ol and 76:24 (+:-) for alpha-terpineol were observed for the range of oils analyzed. Attempts to validate these ratios in the intact oil by (1) ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a020

20. Enantiomeric separation of chiral components reported to be in coffee, tea, or cocoa

Author:
Stalcup, A.M.; Ekborg, K.H.; Gasper, M.P.; Armstrong, D.W.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.10 pp. 1684-1689
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
coffee (beverage); tea; cocoa (beverage); volatile compounds; stereochemistry; enantiomers; flavor compounds; odors; gas chromatography
Abstract:
... Literally hundreds of volatile compounds have been identified in coffee, tea, and cocoa. A significant proportion of these compounds are known to be chiral. The enantiomeric composition of most of these compounds is unknown, and until recently there were no efficient analytical procedures for their identification. The advent of cyclodextrin-based chiral stationary phases for capillary gas chromato ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00034a031