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1. A simulation study on variation in response to selection and population size required for selection programmes

Author:
Nomura, T.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 13-21
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
computer simulation; heritability; population size; prediction; selection response; variance
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: To obtain a simple formula for predicting variation in selection response, the drift variance of selection response has been approximated by that under random selection. Using computer simulation, the validity of this approximation was examined under various combinations of population size, heritability, and proportion selected. It was shown that the approximation gives a good prediction ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00487.x
PubMed:
21395798

2. Assessment of parental genomic proportions in crossbred chickens by DNA fingerprints

Author:
Wimmers, K.; Ponsuksili, S.; Valle-Zarate, A.; Horst, P.; Wittig, B.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 55-68
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
DNA; DNA fingerprinting; chickens; crossbreds; crossing; enzymes; oligonucleotide probes; purebreds
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Starting with the second crossbred generation, parental genomic-proportion lines in individuals deviate considerably from expectation. These individual variations offer the potential to increase the efficiency of crossbreeding programmes. DNA fingerprinting was established as an approach, to quantify the genomic contribution of the parental lines in individuals of two crossbred generation ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00492.x
PubMed:
21395803

3. Association between ovine protein polymorphisms and geographical variables in Europe and south-west Asia

Author:
Ordas, J.G.; Carriedo, J.A.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 215-223
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
albumins; breeds; carbonate dehydratase; gene flow; genes; hemoglobin; loci; sheep; Asia; Europe
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: The spatial distribution of six blood-protein polymorphisms in European and south-west Asian ovine breeds was analysed. Latitudinal clines were found for haemoglobin and transferrin loci. The respective FST values are not significantly greater than those for protein-X, esterase, carbonic anhydrase, and albumin, where gene frequencies are not associated with latitude. The results suggest t ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00507.x
PubMed:
21395817

4. Association of genetic variants of bovine growth hormone with milk production traits in Holstein cattle

Author:
Sabour, M.P.; Lin, C.Y.; Smith, C.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 435-442
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
Holstein; Jersey; alleles; bulls; genetic polymorphism; genotype; loci; milk; milk production; polymerase chain reaction; somatotropin
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Gene and genotype frequencies of alleles, identified by PCR/RFLP technology, at leucine 127/valine127 (L/V) and C/D loci of the growth hormone gene of Ayrshire, Holstein and Jersey breeds were determined. The frequency of the V allele at the L/V mutation locus was 0.29, 0.09 and 0.24 for the Ayrshire, Holstein and Jersey breeds, respectively. The frequencies of the D allele at the C/D mut ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00529.x
PubMed:
21395837

5. Association of the transferrin locus on chromosome 13 with early body weights in pigs

Author:
Nyström, P.-E.; Juneja, R.K.; Johansson, K.; Andersson-Eklund, L.; Andersson, K.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 363-368
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
blood; genotype; glucose; loci; phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; piglets; transferrin
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: The effect of the genotypes of five different blood protein loci (α1B-glycoprotein, A1BG; glucose phosphate isomerase, GPI; phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, PGD; postalbumin 1A, PO1A; transferrin, TF) on early body-weight traits was studied in one large population of Swedish Yorkshire breed pigs. A highly significant association was observed, between the transferrin genotypes and the pigle ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00521.x
PubMed:
21395830

6. Cellularity and enzymatic activity of adipose tissue in the Karagouniko dairy breed of sheep from birth to maturity

Author:
Rogdakis, E.; Charismiadou, M.; Orphanos, S.; Panopoulou, E.; Bizelis, I.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 385-396
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
adipocytes; adipose tissue; dairy sheep; enzyme activity; females; flocks; hyperplasia; hypertrophy; males; parturition; phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; sheep
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: The cellular and enzymatic characteristics of dissected subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues were examined in a total of 102 male and female animals from commerical flocks of the Karagouniko dairy sheep. The animals were slaughtered in groups of three males and three females at 45-day intervals from birth to 720 days of age. The following determinations were made on each animal: (1) ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00524.x
PubMed:
21395833

7. Correlation between purebred and crossbred performance under a two-locus model with additive by additive interaction

Author:
Baumung, R.; Sölkner, J.; Essl, A.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 89-98
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
epistasis; genes; genetic correlation; loci; models; overdominance; purebreds
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: The behaviour of the genetic correlation between purebred and crossbred performance (rpc) was studied under a model with two loci, in populations with varying gene frequencies, degrees of dominance, and (additive by additive) epistasis. The value of rpc depends not only on dominance and epistasis, but also on gene-frequency differences between the parental populations. The value of rpc is ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00496.x
PubMed:
21395806

8. Die Konstanz der Melkordnung von Ziegen in Großen Gruppen

Author:
Sambraus, H.H.; Keil, N.M.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 397-404
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
goats; milking; milking parlors
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Equality of ranking of goats at milking The existence of rank order at milking was investigated in two large groups of horned and polled goats, respectively. First, social rank was determined and an index of dominance constructed for each animal in each herd. Simultaneously, the ranking at milking was observed 17 times for horned and 20 times for the polled goats, respectively: 1 . The ra ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00525.x
PubMed:
21395834

9. Effects of data structure and selection on estimated inbreeding depression in experimental Tribolium castaneum lines

Author:
Fikse, W.F.; Groen, A.F.; Berger, P.J.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 289-297
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
Tribolium castaneum; animals; inbreeding; inbreeding coefficient; inbreeding depression; linear models; pedigree; pupae
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Inbreeding depression was estimated for four experimental Tribolium castaneum lines. Each line, containing approximately 7000 animals, was selected for 16 generations either randomly (control), on pupae weight (PWT), on family size (FST) or on an index containing both PWT and FST. The inbreeding trend was 0.9, 0.5, 0.5 and 0.4 % inbreeding per generation in PWT-selected, FST-selected, ind ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00514.x
PubMed:
21395824

10. Effects of excluding a set of random effects on prediction error variance of breeding value

Author:
Cantet, R.J.C.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 267-274
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
breeding value; computer simulation; gilts; models; prediction; uncertainty; variance
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: The effects of excluding a set of random effects (U-effects) uncorrelated to breeding values (BV) on prediction error variance (PEV) is studied analytically. Two situations are considered for model comparison: (a) existence of a ‘true' model, (b) uncertainty about which of the competing models is ‘true'. Models compared are the ‘long' one, which includes BV + U-effects, and the ‘short' on ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00512.x
PubMed:
21395822

11. Effects of inbreeding on reproduction, weights and survival of Sardi and Beni Guil sheep

Author:
Boujenane, I.; Chami, A.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 23-31
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
birth weight; breeds; ewes; flocks; inbreeding; inbreeding coefficient; inbreeding depression; lambs; litter size; litter weight; parturition; races; regression analysis
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: This study was based on the data of 2943 and 3032 Sardi ewes and lambs and 2737 and 2961 Beni Guil ewes and lambs, collected over 12 years in Kra Kra Station and 19 years in Oued Isly Station, respectively. The effects of inbreeding on performance were examined by using the regression models, in which inbreeding coefficients for the individual and dam were fitted as covariates to models t ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00488.x
PubMed:
21395799

12. Effects of mating structure in purebred populations on the estimation of crossbreeding parameters

Author:
Küttner, K.; Nitter, G.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 275-288
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
backcrossing; heterosis; loci; models; heterozygosity; inbreeding; gene frequency; Coturnix japonica; inbreeding depression; purebreds
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Usually a simple additive-dominance model is considered to be adequate for the explanation of the genetic basis of heterosis. From this model a linear relationship is expected between the heterosis and the degree of heterozygosity of crossbreds. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in parental populations, the increase in heterozygosity of the F1-generation can be calculated from the squar ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00513.x
PubMed:
21395823

13. Effects of parity, breed, herd-year, age, and month of kidding on the milk yield and composition of dairy goats in Belgium

Author:
Zoa-Mboé, A.; Michaux, C.; Detilleux, J.C.; Kebers, C.; Farnir, F.P.; Leroy, P.L.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 201-213
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
Nubian (goat breed); Saanen; dairy goats; kidding; lactation; milk; milk yield; models; races; Belgium
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Lactation records, collected from 1989 to 1995, for Belgian dairy goats were examined for effects of parity, breed, herd-year, age at kidding, and month of kidding on milk, fat and protein yields, and on fat and protein percentages. Total lactation yields were computed from test-day yields, using Fleischmann's method. For lactations longer than 250 days, yields were truncated at 250 days. ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00506.x
PubMed:
21395816

14. Effects of selection on food intake in the adult mouse

Author:
Hastings, I.M.; Moruppa, S.M.; Bünger, L.; Hill, W.G.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 419-434
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
body weight changes; brown adipose tissue; food choices; food intake; heritability; locomotion; mice; thermic effect of food
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Replicated lines of mice were selected High and Low for adjusted food intake and contemporaneous control lines were maintained. The selection criterion was food intake between 8 and 10 weeks, adjusted by phenotypic regression on mean body weight at 8 and 10 weeks of age to reduce correlated changes in body weight. Responses are given for the first 23 generations of selection, after which ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00528.x
PubMed:
21395836

15. Efficiency of estimation of variance and covariance components from full-sib group means for continuous or binary records

Author:
Gjøen, H.M.; Simianer, H.; Gjerde, B.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 349-362
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
covariance; digestive system; fecundity; fish; genetic correlation; genetic variance; heritability; models; phenotypic variation; variance
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: High fecundity in fish allows for testing of large full-sib groups and testing of sub-samples of each group for different traits in different environments, and this benefit is especially useful when traits cannot be measured on the breeding candidate itself. A MIVQUE-method that compresses the information in such data, by estimating variance components based on full-sib mean data, is pres ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00520.x
PubMed:
21395829

16. Estimation of direct and maternal genetic parameters for pre-weaning traits in the Asturiana de los Valles beef cattle breed through animal and sire models

Author:
Gutierrez, J.P.; Cañon, J.; Goyache, F.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 261-266
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
average daily gain; beef cattle; birth weight; breeds; maternal effect; models; sires; weaning; weaning weight
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Estimates of variance components for birth weight, weaning weight and average daily gain were obtained comparing different animal and sire univariate models for an important local beef cattle breed. Problems encountered with models involving maternal effects were discussed. Direct and maternal heritabilities were respectively 0.32 and 0.13 for birth weight, 0.60 and 0.30 for weaning weigh ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00511.x
PubMed:
21395821

17. Estimation of genetic correlations between racing times recorded at different racing distances by restricted maximum likelihood in Thoroughbred racehorses

Author:
Oki, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Willham, R.L.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 185-189
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
Thoroughbred; genetic correlation; lawns and turf; pedigree; racehorses; variance; Japan
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Genetic correlations between racing times on track type (turf and dirt), and at racing distances on turf (1200 m, 1400 m, 1600 m, 1800 m, and/or 2000 m) and dirt (1000 m, 1200 m, 1400 m, 1600 m, 1700 m, and/or 1800 m) tracks, were estimated in Thoroughbred horses. (Co)variance components were estimated using multiple-trait derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFREML). The data ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00504.x
PubMed:
21395814

18. Estimation of the genetic correlations between twisted legs and growth or conformation traits in broiler chickens

Author:
Bihan-Duval, E. Le; Beaumont, C.; Colleau, J.J.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 239-259
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
body weight; breast meat; broiler chickens; genetic correlation; genetic lines; genetic techniques and protocols; growth disorders; growth performance; heritability; legs; models; silicon; sires
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Genetic correlations between two types of leg deformities, valgus and varus angulations, and some growth or conformation traits were estimated in two commercial broiler strains. 14 264 chickens of both sexes in line A were measured for leg defects at 6 weeks and body weight at 3 (BW3) or 6 (BW6) weeks. The same measures were taken in line B on 8 164 chickens, as well as breast angle (BRA) ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00510.x
PubMed:
21395820

19. Expression of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) under the control of mMT-I promoter in transgenic mice can be induced by zinc sulphate, dexamethasone and lipopolysaccharide

Author:
Anastassiadis, C.; Rottmann, O.; Hörmansdorfer, S.; Pirchner, F.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 225-230
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
Hepatitis B virus; antigens; dexamethasone; females; genes; glucocorticoids; heavy metals; hepatitis B; lipopolysaccharides; males; metallothionein; mice; toxins; zinc sulfate
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Metallothionein genes can be induced in vivo by heavy metals, glucocorticoids, and toxins. In all transgenic mice carrying the MT-I promoter, that have been reported so far, induction by glucocorticoids failed. This study reports two mouse lines, transgenic for the murine MT-I-HBV (hepatitis B virus; map position site: 30-1986) construct, which secrete the viral surface antigen (HBsAg) in ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00508.x
PubMed:
21395818

20. First identification of reciprocal translocations in Polish pigs

Author:
Danielak-Czech, B.; ŚWitoński, M.; Slota, E.
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 1997 v.114 no.1-6 pp. 69-78
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
Duroc; chromosomes; landraces; litter size; races; reciprocal translocation; semen; swine; synaptonemal complex; Poland
Abstract:
... SUMMARY: Two different reciprocal translocations, rcp (8;14) (p21;q25) and rcp (7;13) (q13;q46), were described for the first time in Poland in the Polish Landrace and Duroc pigs. Observation of synaptonemal complexes showed the presence of a quadrivalent composed of translocational chromosomes and their homologues. Individuals carrying translocations were characterized by normal external appearan ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1439-0388.1997.tb00493.x
PubMed:
21395804