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You searched for: Journal name Journal of applied ecology Remove constraint Journal name: Journal of applied ecology Publication year rev 7982-2018 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7982-2018 Source 2018 v.55 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 2018 v.55 no.6
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1. Applying a Bayesian weighted surveillance approach to detect chronic wasting disease in white‐tailed deer

Author:
Christopher S. Jennelle; Daniel P. Walsh; Michael D. Samuel; Erik E. Osnas; Robert Rolley; Julia Langenberg; Jenny G. Powers; Ryan J. Monello; E. David Demarest; Rolf Gubler; Dennis M. Heisey
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2944-2953
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Odocoileus virginianus; adults; biopsy; chronic wasting disease; cost effectiveness; deer; disease detection; ecotoxicology; fawns; females; human resources; invasive species; males; managers; monitoring; national parks; pathogens; risk; streams; wildlife; wildlife diseases; yearlings; Virginia; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Surveillance is critical for early detection of emerging and re‐emerging infectious diseases. Weighted surveillance leverages heterogeneity in infection risk to increase sampling efficiency. Here, we apply a Bayesian approach to estimate weights for 16 surveillance classes of white‐tailed deer in Wisconsin, USA, relative to hunter‐harvested yearling males. We used these weights to conduct a survei ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13178

2. Artificial light at night causes top‐down and bottom‐up trophic effects on invertebrate populations

Author:
Jonathan Bennie; Thomas W. Davies; David Cruse; Richard Inger; Kevin J. Gaston
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2698-2706
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Aphidoidea; biocenosis; carbon nitrogen ratio; ecosystems; environmental impact; flowers; food plants; grasslands; herbivores; issues and policy; lighting; molluscs; pollution; pollution control; predators; roadside plants; sodium; trophic levels; wavelengths; white light
Abstract:
... Globally, many ecosystems are exposed to artificial light at night. Nighttime lighting has direct biological impacts on species at all trophic levels. However, the effects of artificial light on biotic interactions remain, for the most part, to be determined. We exposed experimental mesocosms containing combinations of grassland plants and invertebrate herbivores and predators to illumination at n ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13240

3. Associations between plant and pollinator communities under grassland restoration respond mainly to landscape connectivity

Author:
Roser Rotchés‐Ribalta; Marie Winsa; Stuart P. M. Roberts; Erik Öckinger
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2822-2833
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Angiospermae; Syrphidae; bees; botanical composition; foraging; grassland management; grassland restoration; grasslands; guidelines; habitat connectivity; habitat conservation; host plants; land use change; landscapes; plant communities; pollinators; species abundance; species richness; trophic levels; Sweden
Abstract:
... Land‐use change can disrupt associations between different trophic groups, but it is unclear if habitat restoration can recover these associations. In Sweden, restoration efforts have been applied to increase areas of semi‐natural grassland previously remaining as small fragments due to abandonment. We assessed how the associations between plant and pollinator communities can be modified by grassl ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13232

4. Banding age ratios reveal prairie waterfowl fecundity is affected by climate, density dependence and predator–prey dynamics

Author:
Hannah M. Specht; Todd W. Arnold
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2854-2864
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
basins; breeding; breeding sites; climate; ducks; energy; fecundity; habitat conservation; hydrologic cycle; issues and policy; land use; latitude; managers; models; nests; population dynamics; prairies; right of access; summer; temporal variation; voles; waterfowl; wetlands; United States
Abstract:
... Fecundity estimates for demographic modelling are difficult to acquire at the regional spatial scales that correspond to climate shifts, land use impacts or habitat management programmes. Yet they are important for evaluating such effects. While waterfowl managers have historically used harvest‐based age ratios to assess fecundity at continental scales, widely available age ratios from late summer ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13186

5. Bright spots in agricultural landscapes: Identifying areas exceeding expectations for multifunctionality and biodiversity

Author:
Barbara Frei; Delphine Renard; Matthew G. E. Mitchell; Verena Seufert; Rebecca Chaplin‐Kramer; Jeanine M. Rhemtulla; Elena M. Bennett
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2731-2743
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
agricultural land; biodiversity; capital; crop production; ecosystem services; farm size; farming systems; food production; landscapes; mechanization
Abstract:
... Agriculture's influence on humanity is a dichotomy of promise and peril. Research on the food‐environment dilemma has highlighted the environmental consequences of food production, yet the identification of management solutions is an ongoing challenge. We suggest “bright spots” as a promising tool to identify levers of change by finding areas that exceed expectations for goals, such as agricultura ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13191

6. Broad‐scale occurrence of a subsidized avian predator: Reducing impacts of ravens on sage‐grouse and other sensitive prey

Author:
Shawn T. O'Neil; Peter S. Coates; Brianne E. Brussee; Pat J. Jackson; Kristy B. Howe; Ann M. Moser; Lee J. Foster; David J. Delehanty
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2641-2652
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
ecologists; trophic levels; edge effects; predators; prey species; anthropogenic activities; nesting; altitude; roadsides; chicks; power lines; ecosystems; basins; humans; indicator species; Corvus corax; models; Centrocercus urophasianus; eggs; prediction; wildlife; probability; business enterprises; landscapes; breeding; surveys; Bayesian theory; streams; Artemisia tridentata; subsidies; habitats; vegetation; normalized difference vegetation index; United States
Abstract:
... Expanding human enterprise across remote environments impacts numerous wildlife species. Anthropogenic resources provide subsidies for generalist predators that can lead to cascading effects on prey species at lower trophic levels. A fundamental challenge for applied ecologists is to disentangle natural and anthropogenic influences on species occurrence, and subsequently develop spatially explicit ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13249

7. Bumble‐BEEHAVE: A systems model for exploring multifactorial causes of bumblebee decline at individual, colony, population and community level

Author:
Matthias A. Becher; Grace Twiston‐Davies; Tim D. Penny; Dave Goulson; Ellen L. Rotheray; Juliet L. Osborne
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2790-2801
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Bombus; bees; climate change; farmers; field experimentation; foraging; habitat destruction; landscapes; models; nests; nongovernmental organizations; parasites; pesticides; population dynamics; prediction; reproduction; risk assessment; stakeholders; viruses; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... World‐wide declines in pollinators, including bumblebees, are attributed to a multitude of stressors such as habitat loss, resource availability, emerging viruses and parasites, exposure to pesticides, and climate change, operating at various spatial and temporal scales. Disentangling individual and interacting effects of these stressors, and understanding their impact at the individual, colony an ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13165
PubMed:
30449898
PubMed Central:
PMC6221040

8. Coastal wetland adaptation to sea level rise: Quantifying potential for landward migration and coastal squeeze

Author:
Sinéad M. Borchert; Michael J. Osland; Nicholas M. Enwright; Kereen T. Griffith
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2876-2887
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
climate change; coasts; ecosystem services; ecosystems; estuaries; fish; human communities; human health; islands; landscape management; metropolitan areas; rivers; sea level; shorelines; topography; urbanization; wetlands; wildlife habitats; Florida; Gulf of Mexico; Louisiana; Texas
Abstract:
... Coastal wetland ecosystems are expected to migrate landwards in response to rising seas. However, due to differences in topography and coastal urbanization, estuaries vary in their ability to accommodate migration. Low‐lying urban areas can constrain migration and lead to wetland loss (i.e. coastal squeeze), especially where existing wetlands cannot keep pace with rising seas via vertical adjustme ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13169

9. Comparing the sampling performance of sound recorders versus point counts in bird surveys: A meta‐analysis

Author:
Kevin Darras; Péter Batáry; Brett Furnas; Antonio Celis‐Murillo; Steven L. Van Wilgenburg; Yeni A. Mulyani; Teja Tscharntke
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2575-2586
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
acoustics; birds; humans; meta-analysis; microphones; monitoring; sampling; species richness; surveys; vocalization; wildlife
Abstract:
... Autonomous sound recording is a promising sampling method for birds and other vocalizing terrestrial wildlife. However, while there are clear advantages of passive acoustic monitoring methods over classical point counts conducted by humans, it has been difficult to quantitatively assess how they compare in their sampling performance. Quantitative comparisons of species richness between acoustic re ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13229

10. Drone‐based structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry captures grassland sward height variability

Author:
Joel Forsmoo; Karen Anderson; Christopher J. A. Macleod; Mark E. Wilkinson; Richard Brazier
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2587-2599
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Lolium perenne; Trifolium pratense; aerial photography; agronomy; biodiversity; cameras; carbon sequestration; digital images; ecosystem services; ecosystems; grasslands; hydrology; labor; models; monitoring; photogrammetry; soil; spatial data; surveys; sward
Abstract:
... Grasslands deliver a range of ecosystem services, including the provision of food and biodiversity, and regulation of soil carbon storage and hydrology. Monitoring schemes are needed to quantify spatial changes in these multiple functions alongside ecosystem degradation. Sward height is widely recognised as a key spatial variable in the provision of these services. Current manual monitoring approa ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13148

11. Estimating transient populations of unmarked individuals at a migratory stopover site using generalized N‐mixture models

Author:
Eunbi Kwon; Lawrence M. Houghton; Robert E. Settlage; Daniel H. Catlin; Sarah M. Karpanty; James D. Fraser
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2917-2932
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Arenaria interpres; analytical methods; data collection; environmental factors; immigration; migratory behavior; migratory species; population density; population growth; population size; prioritization; probability; species abundance; stopover sites; survival rate; tides; weather; New York
Abstract:
... Migration counts are popular indices used to monitor population trends over time. Advanced analytical methods for estimating abundance of unmarked, open populations now incorporate population growth models and simultaneously test for covariate effects on abundance and detection probability. However, estimating population abundance at a staging site is complicated by daily immigration and emigratio ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13243

12. Evaluating spatially explicit density estimates of unmarked wildlife detected by remote cameras

Author:
Michael J. Evans; Tracy A. G. Rittenhouse
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2565-2574
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Ursus americanus; cameras; cost effectiveness; land cover; land use; models; monitoring; wildlife
Abstract:
... Remote cameras have become a promising, cost‐effective tool for monitoring wildlife populations. Yet, for species where individuals are indistinguishable, remote cameras’ ability to provide robust and precise density estimates has been limited without the use of invasive marking. Using the American black bear as a model species, we evaluated methods for estimating wildlife densities using remote c ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13194

13. Fencing solves human‐wildlife conflict locally but shifts problems elsewhere: A case study using functional connectivity modelling of the African elephant

Author:
Liudmila Osipova; Moses M. Okello; Steven J. Njumbi; Shadrack Ngene; David Western; Matt W. Hayward; Niko Balkenhol
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2673-2684
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Elephantidae; case studies; conservation areas; dry season; fences; global positioning systems; habitat connectivity; habitat fragmentation; human-wildlife relations; migratory behavior; models; overgrazing; spatial data; wetlands; wildlife; Kenya; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Fencing is one of the most common methods of mitigating human‐wildlife conflicts. At the same time, fencing is considered one of the most pressing threats emerging in conservation globally. Although fences act as barriers and can cause population isolation and fragmentation over time, it is difficult to quantitatively predict the consequences fences have for wildlife. Here, we model how fencing de ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13246

14. Insect pollination as an agronomic input: Strategies for oilseed rape production

Author:
Michael P. D. Garratt; Jacob Bishop; Erika Degani; Simon G. Potts; Rosalind F. Shaw; Anmei Shi; Shovonlal Roy
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2834-2842
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Brassica napus; cages; crop yield; ecosystem services; farming systems; fertilizer application; fertilizers; flight; insect pollination; insecticides; irrigation; pests; pods; pollinators; seed set; seeds
Abstract:
... Ecological intensification involves the incorporation of biodiversity‐based ecosystem service management into farming systems in order to make crop production more sustainable and reduce reliance on anthropogenic inputs, including fertilizer and insecticides. The benefits of effectively managing ecosystem services such as pollination and pest regulation for improved yields have been demonstrated i ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13153

15. Juvenile survival, competing risks, and spatial variation in mortality risk of a marine apex predator

Author:
John F. Benson; Salvador J. Jorgensen; John B. O'Sullivan; Chuck Winkler; Connor F. White; Emiliano Garcia‐Rodriguez; Oscar Sosa‐Nishizaki; Christopher G. Lowe
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2888-2897
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
body length; bycatch; gillnets; juveniles; models; population growth; risk; satellites; sharks; survival rate; California; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... Reliable estimates of mortality have been a major gap in our understanding of population ecology for marine animals. This is especially true for juveniles, which are often the most vulnerable age class and whose survival can strongly influence population growth. Thousands of pop‐up archival satellite tags (PAT) have been deployed on a variety of marine species, but analysis of these data has mainl ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13158

16. Minimal effects on genetic structuring of a fungus‐dwelling saproxylic beetle after recolonisation of a restored forest

Author:
Sharon E. Zytynska; Inken Doerfler; Martin M. Gossner; Sarah Sturm; Wolfgang W. Weisser; Jörg Müller
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2933-2943
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Coleoptera; Fomes fomentarius; dead wood; deciduous forests; extinction; forest restoration; fungi; habitat conservation; habitats; microsatellite repeats; population genetics; population structure; threatened species; trees; Germany
Abstract:
... Habitat restoration aims to improve local habitat conditions for threatened species. While such restorations are widespread, rigorous evaluations of their success are rare. This is especially true of those considering species dynamics. Increasingly, deadwood is a target for forest restoration as many species directly and indirectly depend on this resource. In a broadleaf forest in southern Germany ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13160

17. Modelling landscape connectivity for greater horseshoe bat using an empirical quantification of resistance

Author:
David Pinaud; Fabien Claireau; Maxime Leuchtmann; Christian Kerbiriou
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2600-2611
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum; acoustics; agri-environmental policy; applied ecology; data collection; foraging; habitat connectivity; habitat destruction; habitat fragmentation; humans; model validation; models; population viability; probability
Abstract:
... Habitat fragmentation and isolation as a result of human activities have been recognized as great threats to population viability. Evaluating landscape connectivity in order to identify and protect linkages has therefore become a key challenge in applied ecology and conservation. One useful approach to evaluate connectivity is least‐cost path (LCP) analysis. However, several studies have highlight ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13228

18. Pathogen dynamics under both bottom‐up host resistance and top‐down hyperparasite attack

Author:
Steven R. Parratt; Anna‐Liisa Laine
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2976-2985
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Ampelomyces; Podosphaera; biological control; developmental stages; disease outbreaks; disease resistance; field experimentation; fungi; genotype; hyperparasitism; infectious diseases; laboratory experimentation; life history; natural enemies; overwintering; plant pathogens; population dynamics; population size; powdery mildew; trophic levels
Abstract:
... The relative importance of bottom‐up versus top‐down control of population dynamics has been the focus of much debate. In infectious disease biology, research is typically focused on the bottom‐up process of host resistance, wherein the direction of control flows from the lower to the higher trophic level to impact on pathogen population size and epidemiology. However, the importance of top‐down c ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13185
PubMed:
30449900
PubMed Central:
PMC6220889

19. Pet problems: Biological and economic factors that influence the release of alien reptiles and amphibians by pet owners

Author:
Oliver C. Stringham; Julie L. Lockwood
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2632-2640
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
adults; amphibians; economic factors; education; issues and policy; life history; longevity; pet ownership; pets; prices; reptiles; risk; trade; United States
Abstract:
... The number of alien reptiles and amphibians introduced and established worldwide has increased over the last decades. The legal pet trade is now the dominant pathway by which individuals of these species arrive in their non‐native locale. Despite its importance, specific factors of pet trade pathway that influence the release (introduction) of exotic reptiles and amphibians have not yet been exami ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13237

20. Seven decades of mountain hare counts show severe declines where high‐yield recreational game bird hunting is practised

Author:
Adam Watson; Jeremy D. Wilson
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2018 v.55 no.6 pp. 2663-2672
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
Lagopus lagopus scoticus; Lepus timidus; birds of prey; burning; conifers; disease control; environmental impact; game birds; grouse; habitats; hares; heathlands; highlands; land use change; landscapes; louping ill; motivation; natural resources conservation; planting; sport hunting; spring; surpluses; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Recreational hunting is widespread and can benefit nature conservation when well‐practised, monitored, and regulated. Management for recreational red grouse Lagopus lagopus scotica shooting on upland heathland in the UK causes conservation conflict because the intensive habitat, predator, and disease management needed to maintain high‐grouse densities for “driven” shooting has detrimental environm ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.13235