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You searched for: Journal name Journal of avian medicine and surgery Remove constraint Journal name: Journal of avian medicine and surgery
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1. Assessment of 2 Treatment Methods for Ulna Fractures With an Intact Radius in Raptors: Conservative Management and Surgical Fixation With a Type I External Skeletal Fixator Intramedullary Pin Tie-in

Author:
Dana M. Franzen-Klein; Patrick T. Redig
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 412-432
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
fracture fixation; medicine; patients; retrospective studies; ulna; veterinary medicine; wildlife rehabilitation; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Several methods have been reported for treating avian antebrachial fractures, yet the quantitative information regarding their success is limited. This retrospective study applied data from raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation center to provide metrics associated with the treatment of ulna fractures with an intact radius by either conservative management or a single surgical method: a typ ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00053

2. Atypical Candidiasis of the Gnathotheca in a Lesser Flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor)

Author:
Kelsey M. Rayment; Michael M. Garner; Randi Drees; Marla M. Francis; Josephine B. Rose; Richard R. Sim
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 457-463
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Candida albicans; Phoenicoparrus minor; abscess; antibiotics; birds; candidiasis; excision; fungi; histology; itraconazole; males; mandible (bone); medicine; necropsy; polymerase chain reaction; weight loss
Abstract:
... An approximately 38-year-old captive male lesser flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor) was presented with a mass involving the right ventral gnathotheca. The mass was surgically excised after which the flamingo was treated with parenteral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and antibiotic drugs. Histological analysis identified an abscess with intralesional fungal organisms. Culture and polymerase chain react ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00043

3. Clinicopathologic Findings in Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Administered Amikacin Through Intravenous Regional Limb Perfusion

Author:
Lorelei L. Clarke; Cameron Ratliff; Christoph Mans
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.2 pp. 187-191
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
amikacin; blood flow; chickens; females; intravenous injection; medicine; necropsy; nephrotoxicity; risk; surgery; uric acid
Abstract:
... Regional limb perfusion (RLP) has been used to treat cases of distal limb infections in avian species. Potentially nephrotoxic drugs, such as amikacin, may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity with RLP because of the presence of the renal portal system and direct venous blood flow from the pelvic limbs to the kidneys. In a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study, the safety of repeated amikac ...
DOI:
10.1647/21-00013

4. Comparison of 3D-printed Titanium Alloy and Polyether Ether Ketone Prosthetic Beaks for an Injured Red-crowned Crane (Grus japonensis)

Author:
Chen Rong; Deng Changlin; Wang Guodong; Li Meirong; Wang Shujie; Liu Hongyi; Zhu Menglin; Lu Chengping
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 445-450
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Grus japonensis; alloys; beak; birds; color; endangered species; firmness; medicine; microstructure; prostheses; surgery; titanium
Abstract:
... The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is a critically endangered species. Three-dimensional–printed prosthetic beaks made of titanium alloy and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) were used to repair the beak of a red-crowned crane that had a complete fracture of the anterior maxillary bone and rhinotheca. The physical properties and stability of the prostheses and changes in the crane's behaviors aft ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00031

5. Comparison of Sedative Effects of Alfaxalone-Ketamine and Alfaxalone-Midazolam Administered Intramuscularly in Chickens

Author:
Stephanie Chang; Crystalyn B. Legg-St. Pierre; Barbara Ambros
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.1 pp. 21-27
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
adults; alfaxalone; cross-over studies; experimental design; heart rate; ketamine; medicine; muscles; oxygen; respiratory rate; sedatives; surgery
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to compare the sedative effects of intramuscular alfaxalone combined with either ketamine or midazolam in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). A prospective, randomized blinded crossover study design with a 7-day washout period was used. Nine adult layer hens received alfaxalone 15 mg/kg with ketamine 5 mg/kg IM (treatment AK) or alfaxalone 15 mg/kg with midazolam 1 ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00111

6. Crotalid Polyvalent F(ab)2 Antivenom Treatment in a Red-Tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis)

Author:
Acacia Masri; Kyra J. Berg; Joanne Paul-Murphy; David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.1 pp. 63-69
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Buteo jamaicensis; Crotalus oreganus; analgesics; antibiotics; antivenoms; birds; death; females; heterophils; hypoalbuminemia; intravenous injection; juveniles; medicine; surgery
Abstract:
... Envenomation in avian species can result in death, with few cases of successful treatment described. A juvenile, wild-caught, intact female red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) used in falconry was presented for emergency evaluation after being bitten by a Northern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus) approximately 2 hours before presentation. On presentation, the bird was quiet, alert, and resp ...
DOI:
10.1647/21-00002

7. Effects of Midazolam on Food Intake in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)

Author:
Anna Martel; Colin Berg; Grayson Doss; Christoph Mans
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.1 pp. 53-57
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
adults; appetite; budgerigars; dose response; drugs; food intake; intramuscular injection; medicine; patients; sedation; surgery; weight loss
Abstract:
... Currently, drug-induced stimulation of appetite is not commonly performed in hyporexic or anorexic companion psittacine birds. Instead, to prevent a catabolic state and weight loss, supplemental feedings are routinely performed by crop gavage. However, crop gavage is not without complications and is stressful to the patient and labor intensive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effec ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00096

8. Pathogenic Idiopathic Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in a Yellow-Collared Macaw (Primolius auricollis)

Author:
Thomas Coutant; Ciro Cococcetta; Albert Phouratsamay; Graham Zoller; Stéphanie Beurlet-Lafarge; Anne Girard-Luc; Minh Huynh
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.2 pp. 206-214
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Primolius; aspartate transaminase; bile; birds; body condition; bone marrow; clinical examination; drug therapy; hematopoiesis; hemosiderosis; histopathology; hydroxyurea; liver; medicine; mycobacterial diseases; necropsy; neoplasms; parasitoses; radiography; spleen; splenomegaly; surgery; ultrasonography
Abstract:
... 1.5-year-old yellow-collared macaw (Primolius auricollis) was presented as a referral case for chronic breathing difficulties and coelomic distension. The bird was in poor body condition, and coelomic distension and green-colored urates were noted during the physical examination. Radiographic images revealed a large coelomic space-occupying soft-tissue lesion that was ultrasonographically confirme ...
DOI:
10.1647/21-00042

9. Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in the Hispaniolan Amazon Parrot (Amazona ventralis)

Author:
James W. Carpenter; Thomas N. Tully; Kelly Rockwell; Butch KuKanich
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.2 pp. 121-127
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Amazona ventralis; blood serum; cannabidiol; drugs; half life; hemp; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; medicine; oils; oral administration; pain; pharmacokinetics; surgery
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD), a potential treatment option that may alleviate pain in companion animals and humans, in the Hispaniolan Amazon parrot (Amazona ventralis). A pilot study administered a single oral dose of CBD in hemp oil at 10 mg/kg to 2 birds and 20 mg/kg to 2 birds. Because the maximum serum concentrations (Cₘₐₓ) for these dos ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00076

10. Polycystic Kidney Disease in 3 Juvenile Rainbow Lorikeets (Trichoglossus moluccanus)

Author:
Alexandr Mastakov; Mirrim Kelly-Bosma; Rachel Allavena; Robert Doneley
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 464-474
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
anemia; anorexia; biochemistry; birds; clinical examination; color; females; gout; hypercalcemia; hyperuricemia; juveniles; males; medicine; mutation; paresis; pelvis; polycystic kidney diseases; progeny; prognosis; surgery; uremia
Abstract:
... This case series describes polycystic kidney disease in 3 (2 male, 1 female) 2-month-old, juvenile rainbow lorikeets (Trichoglossus moluccanus). The lorikeets diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease were the progeny of full sibling parents that were being intentionally line bred for the purpose of establishing a rainbow lorikeet with the blue color mutation. Clinically the juvenile lorikeets were ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00023

11. Successful Treatment of Ureteral Obstructive Lithiasis by Ureterotomy in a Domestic Hen

Author:
Florent Modesto; David Guillier; Leonie W. L. van Bruggen
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.1 pp. 70-77
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
clinical examination; computed tomography; creatine kinase; digestive tract; egg quality; hens; hypercalcemia; hypertriglyceridemia; intestines; kidneys; lameness; medicine; nephrosis; opacity; pain; patients; radiography; surgery; uric acid
Abstract:
... A 2-year-old domestic hen was presented for a 15-day history of intermittent left leg lameness. The owners also observed a decrease in egg quality during that period. Physical examination of the bird revealed a generalized weakness with a flattened pale comb. Neurological evaluation of the left leg found a proprioceptive deficit with no loss of pain sensitivity. Whole body radiographic images show ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00097

12. Surgical Repair of a Complete Transverse Tracheal Rupture in a Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author:
Jordan E. Adair; Gary L. Riggs
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 451-456
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Anas platyrhynchos; adults; distress; ducks; males; medicine; mucosa; radiography; resection; tracheoscopy; vertebrae
Abstract:
... An adult male mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) of unknown age was presented for acute intermittent respiratory distress that resolved when at rest. The duck had no history or evidence of trauma and had never been intubated. Radiographic imaging revealed a 1-cm tracheal defect at the level of the sixth vertebra. Surgical correction of the defect was pursued, during which a complete transverse trac ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00026

13. Survival and Release of 5 American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) Naturally Infected With West Nile Virus

Author:
Cynthia Hopf; Elizabeth Bunting; Anne Clark; Sara Childs-Sanford
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.1 pp. 85-91
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Corvus brachyrhynchos; West Nile virus; hospitals; medicine; mortality; neutralization; polymerase chain reaction; summer; surgery; viruses; wildlife
Abstract:
... West Nile virus (WNV) has had a significant effect on avian populations in the United States since being first identified in 1999. Avian species in WNV endemic areas do not suffer the same level of mortality that has been reported in birds within the United States since the virus was first identified in North America. Because of their unique susceptibility, American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) a ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00112

14. Cardiac Disease of Raptors

Author:
Seth C. Oster; Romain Pariaut
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 382-389
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
angiography; atherosclerosis; birds of prey; computed tomography; diet; electrocardiography; endocarditis; medicine; surgery; wild birds
Abstract:
... Cardiac disease, in its various presentations, is being recognized as a common raptor health problem. Evidence suggests that the prevalence of cardiac disease varies between captive and wild bird of prey populations, probably because of differences in activity levels and diet. However, a wide variety of cardiovascular diseases have been reported to affect raptor species (captive and free living), ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00029

15. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in a Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)

Author:
Matthew Gosbell; Kathy Luk; Patricia Macwhirter
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 341-349
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
T-lymphocytes; birds; bone marrow; females; hematocrit; humans; immunohistochemistry; lymphocytic leukemia; medicine; necropsy; surgery
Abstract:
... A 24-year-old, female cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was diagnosed and treated for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Diagnosis was based on a persistent lymphocytosis, with counts increasing 10 times from reference intervals with a high percentage of well-differentiated lymphocytes in the bone marrow. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed neoplastic cells of T-cell origin. Specific treatment for t ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00019

16. Comparison of Capillary Zone Electrophoresis in Greater Flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) and American Flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber)

Author:
Christoph Leineweber; Christine Gohl; Maike Lücht; Rachel E. Marschang
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 180-186
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Phoenicopterus roseus; Phoenicopterus ruber; aspergillosis; birds; blood plasma; capillary zone electrophoresis; males; medicine; prealbumin; surgery
Abstract:
... Electrophoresis can be used to aid in the diagnosis of infectious diseases (eg, aspergillosis) in avian species. Reference intervals for blood plasma proteins of 2 different flamingo species (Phoenicopterus roseus and Phoenicopterus ruber) and their hybrids were calculated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and differences between these species, sexes, and age groups were evaluated. Lithium-h ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00021

17. Comparison of Serum Thyroid Hormone Levels in Green-winged Macaws (Ara chloropterus) Using Radio and Chemiluminescent Immunoassays

Author:
Kássia R. A. Vieira; Ana C. L. Faillace; Lígia R. Oliva; Mathias Dislich; Zalmir S. Cubas; Adalfredo R. Lobo-Júnior; Marcelo I. S. Santana
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 187-195
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
blood serum; chemiluminescence; females; males; medicine; radio; radioimmunoassays; surgery; thyrotropin; triiodothyronine
Abstract:
... This study compared the use of radioimmunoassay (RIA) and chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) to measure serum thyroid hormone levels in green-winged macaws (Ara chloropterus). The sample group comprised 20 male and 13 female (n = 33) healthy, captive green-winged macaws of reproductive age but outside of breeding season. Mean free triiodothyronine (T3), total T3, and free thyroxine (T4) measured ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00018

18. Cutaneous Mycobacteriosis Caused by Mycobacterium kansasii in a Yellow-naped Amazon Parrot (Amazona auropalliata)

Author:
Abigail Duvall; Cheryl Greenacre; Vanessa Grunkemeyer; Linden Craig
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 227-234
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Amazona auropalliata; Mycobacterium avium; Mycobacterium genavense; Mycobacterium kansasii; biopsy; females; genotyping; granuloma; histopathology; medicine; meloxicam; mycobacterial diseases; parrots; polymerase chain reaction; silver
Abstract:
... An approximately 25-year-old, female, yellow-naped Amazon parrot (Amazona auropalliata) was evaluated for a chronic, raised, ulcerative mass on the lateral aspect of the left thigh. Histopathology of an excisional biopsy revealed severe, chronic, multifocal-to-coalescing, ulcerated dermal and subcutaneous granulomas. No infectious organisms were observed on Ziehl-Neelsen or Gomori methenamine silv ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00036

19. Effect of the Prolactin Inhibitor Cabergoline and the Gonadotropin Releasing-Hormone Agonist Deslorelin in the Suppression of Plasma Prolactin Concentrations and Egg Laying in Quail (Coturnix japonica)

Author:
Anna Rückl; Donald L. Thompson; Jean-Michel Hatt
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.1 pp. 39-52
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Coturnix japonica; deslorelin acetate; egg production; eggs; medicine; oviposition; ovulation; placebos; prolactin; quails; secretion; surgery
Abstract:
... Egg binding and excessive laying frequently affect avian patients, and in many cases the treatment includes suppression of egg production. Currently, for the suppression of egg production in avian patients, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, in the form of a deslorelin implant, is often used. However, the commercially available deslorelin implants have an undesired delayed onset, as well as ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00075

20. Effects of Season, Location, Species, and Sex on Hematologic and Plasma Biochemical Values and Body Mass in Free-ranging Grebes (Aechmophorus species)

Author:
Nancy L. Anderson; Susan E. W. De La Cruz; Joseph K. Gaydos; Michael H. Ziccardi; Danielle J. Harvey
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 135-154
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Aechmophorus occidentalis; alanine transaminase; aspartate transaminase; birds; body weight; chemical species; coasts; fibrinogen; hematocrit; hematology; heterophils; lactate dehydrogenase; leukocyte count; liver; medicine; potassium; surgery; winter; California; Puget Sound
Abstract:
... The effects of season, location, species, and sex on body weight and a comprehensive array of blood chemistry and hematology analytes were compared for free-ranging western (Aechmophorus occidentalis) and Clark's (Aechmophorus clarkii) grebes. Birds (n = 56) were collected from Puget Sound, WA, and Monterey Bay and San Francisco Bay, CA, from February 2007 to March 2011. The data supported general ...
DOI:
10.1647/2019-473

21. Emerging Pathogenic Gammaproteobacteria Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria Species in a Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura)

Author:
Brian B. Oakley; Tonatiuh Melgarejo; Peter H. Bloom; Nairi Abedi; Emalee Blumhagen; Miguel D. Saggese
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 280-289
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Cathartes aura; Diptera; One Health initiative; bioinformatics; cloaca; ecology; epidemiology; gamma-Proteobacteria; genes; intestinal microorganisms; medicine; polymerase chain reaction; surgery; California
Abstract:
... New World vultures, such as turkey vultures (Cathartes aura), are obligate scavengers with large geographic ranges. In a preliminary characterization of the turkey vulture (TV) gastrointestinal microbiome in Southern California, we identified 2 recently described emerging bacterial pathogens not previously known to be associated with this avian species. High-throughput sequencing of broad-range 16 ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00033

22. Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Lesions and Risk Factors of Atherosclerosis in Raptors in Northern California

Author:
Charlene Lujan-Vega; M. Kevin Keel; Christopher M. Barker; Michelle G. Hawkins
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 295-304
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Accipitridae; Cathartidae; Falconidae; Strigidae; Tytonidae; adults; aorta; atherosclerosis; birds of prey; gonads; kidneys; medicine; pulmonary artery; regression analysis; surgery; California
Abstract:
... Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that has been reported to affect the cardiovascular system of many avian species. However, atherosclerosis in raptor species has not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to histologically characterize central and peripheral atherosclerotic lesions in raptors that were submitted to a pathology service in Northern California from 1986 to 2 ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00078

23. Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Blood of Domestic Chickens and Eurasian Magpies (Pica pica)

Author:
Tiziano Iemmi; Alessandro Menozzi; Giuseppina Basini; Francesca Grasselli; Stefano Grolli; Roberto Ramoni; Paolo Serventi; Fausto Quintavalla; Simone Bertini
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.1 pp. 28-36
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Pica pica; animal welfare; biomarkers; blood sampling; dust; farms; immune response; leukocyte count; leukocytes; lipid peroxidation; malondialdehyde; medicine; oxidants; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; surgery
Abstract:
... A physiological equilibrium exists between pro- and antioxidant factors. When the oxidant factors exceed the capacity of their removal or inactivation, oxidative stress (OS) occurs. The OS levels were assayed in plasma obtained from 2 bird species. Blood samples were collected from 20 healthy domestic chicken hens, 10 living in an intensive farming environment and 10 free-range, and from 18 health ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-35.1.28

24. Falcons From the United Arab Emirates Infected With Chlamydia psittaci/C abortus Intermediates Specified as Chlamydia buteonis by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Author:
Sandro Stalder; Hanna Marti; Nicole Borel; Barbara Renate Vogler; Theresa Pesch; Barbara Prähauser; Peter Wencel; Karine Laroucau; Sarah Albini
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 333-340
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Buteo lineatus; Chlamydia; Chlamydophila abortus; Chlamydophila psittaci; Falco peregrinus; Falco rusticolus; conjunctivitis; diarrhea; dyspnea; falcons; host range; medicine; microarray technology; new species; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; surgery; Switzerland; United Arab Emirates
Abstract:
... Chlamydiaceae are obligate intracellular bacteria with a broad host range. Several studies have found chlamydial species that are genetically intermediate between Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia abortus in various avian species. One of these intermediate Chlamydia species, found in a red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), was recently classified as a new species Chlamydia buteonis. This newly desc ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00050

25. Incisional Infection Postphacoemulsification in a Chilean Flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis)

Author:
Rodrigo S. Garcés Torres; Cassandra D. Bliss; Benjamin E. Alcántar Hernández
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 204-209
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Phoenicopterus chilensis; anesthesia; antibiotics; birds; cataract; drug therapy; eyes; females; medicine; patients; quality of life; surgery; vision
Abstract:
... A 32-year-old captive female Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis) was diagnosed with a hypermature resorbed cataract in the right eye and a mature cataract with phacolytic uveitis in the left eye. No other systemic or neurologic physical abnormalities were detected. The patient was considered blind from bilateral cataracts, and with a reduced quality of life, surgery was indicated to remove ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00007

26. Injectable Anesthesia With Medetomidine, Ketamine, and Butorphanol in Captive Humboldt Penguins (Spheniscus humboldti)

Author:
Dimitri Roberto Widmer; Sabine Tacke; Kerstin Ternes; Sandra Marcordes; Hermann Kempf
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 167-179
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Spheniscus; analgesia; beak; blood sampling; butorphanol; cloaca; death; depth of anesthesia; females; heart rate; ketamine; males; medetomidine; medicine; muscles; neck; oxygen; penguins; pericardium; respiratory rate; sedation; surgery
Abstract:
... The effects of an injectable anesthesia with 0.05 mg/kg medetomidine, 5 mg/kg ketamine, and 0.5 mg/kg butorphanol administered together intramuscularly were evaluated in 22 captive Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti, 10 male and 12 female), with a mean age of 8.5 ± 8.23 years. The birds fasted for18–24 hours prior to the procedure. Induction was followed by 4 distinct progressive responses of ...
DOI:
10.1647/2019-489

27. Intraluminal Uropygial Gland Epithelioma in an African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus)

Author:
Neta Ambar; David Eshar; Bradley L. Njaa
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 433-439
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Psittacus erithacus; antibiotics; biochemistry; computed tomography; females; histopathology; medicine; metastasis; neoplasms; parrots; surgery; tissues; uropygial gland; veterinarians
Abstract:
... A 27-year-old female African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) presented as a referral for surgical removal of an enlarged uropygial gland that was first observed by the owner 6 months prior. Antibiotic therapy was attempted by the referring veterinarian with limited treatment response. No abnormalities were noted in the results of a complete blood count and plasma biochemistry panel. Computed tom ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00083

28. Liposarcoma of Probable Medullary Bone Origin in a Lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis)

Author:
Nicolle T. Lofgren; Shachar Malka; Caitlin M. Renna; Rosa M. Banuelos; Sophie Dennison-Gibby; Michael M. Garner
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.36 no.2 pp. 215-219
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Agapornis; adipocytes; amputation; birds; cages; clinical examination; computed tomography; females; hospitals; humerus; medicine; metastasis; neoplasms; radiography
Abstract:
... A 15-year-old female peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis) was presented to the hospital for a possible left wing injury and an inability to fly after falling in its cage. On physical examination the left elbow was swollen and painful. Radiographic images revealed left wing soft tissue swelling surrounding the elbow and lysis of the distal humerus with extensive cortical thinning. Subsequen ...
DOI:
10.1647/21-00065

29. Malignant Melanoma in a Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus): Characterization of Clinical and Histologic Lesions

Author:
Cindy Braud; Océane Graillot; Antoine Leclerc; Amélie Nicolau; Nicolas Goddard; Yannick Ruel; Karin Lemberger; Baptiste Mulot
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.1 pp. 80-85
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Buteo; Falconidae; birds; computed tomography; head; histology; males; medicine; melanin; melanoma; myocardium; necropsy; pancreas; pericardium; periosteum; surgery
Abstract:
... A 17-year-old, male long-legged buzzard (Buteo rufinus) presented for acute lethargy and black gelatinous tissue in both nostrils. Despite intensive care, the bird died within 2 days. A postmortem computed tomographic scan of the head revealed a complete obstruction of the rostral infraorbital sinus, later confirmed by necropsy. Postmortem examination also highlighted multifocal, black, infiltrati ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-35.1.80

30. Osseous Migration of a Perforating Gastrointestinal Foreign Body in an Indian Runner Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)

Author:
Ashton J. Hollwarth; David J. Reese; Thomas A. G. Dutton
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 361-366
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
analgesia; computed tomography; cortex; ducks; femur; gastrointestinal system; lameness; medicine; osteomyelitis; pelvis; radiography; surgery; veterinarians
Abstract:
... An Indian runner duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) was presented for a second opinion after a linear, metallic foreign body was identified on radiographic images. The primary veterinarian performed diagnostic imaging while investigating the presenting complaint of the duck's left pelvic limb lameness. The images obtained from a computed tomography scan performed during the second-opinion visit ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00051

31. Pharmacokinetics of a Single Intramuscular Injection of Ceftiofur Crystalline Free Acid in Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

Author:
Miranda J. Sadar; Sherry K. Cox; Abigail Duvall; Michael P. Jones
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 290-294
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Haliaeetus leucocephalus; adults; birds; ceftiofur; cross-over studies; half life; intramuscular injection; medicine; minimum inhibitory concentration; pharmacokinetics; surgery
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA) administered intramuscularly at dosages of 10 and 20 mg/kg in bald eagles (BAEAs) (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). Ceftiofur crystalline free acid is a long-acting, injectable, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic drug. A prospective, randomized, complete crossover design was used f ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00038

32. Pilot Study of a Single Dose of Orally Administered Tapentadol Suspension in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots (Amazona ventralis)

Author:
Abigail Duvall; Thomas N. Tully; James W. Carpenter; Butch KuKanich; Hugues Beaufrère; Geraldine C. Magnin
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.1 pp. 45-50
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Amazona ventralis; agonists; analgesics; bioavailability; half life; high performance liquid chromatography; interspecific variation; mass spectrometry; medicine; metabolites; norepinephrine; pain; patients; pharmacokinetics; surgery; veterinary medicine
Abstract:
... Tapentadol is an analgesic agent that acts as both a µ-opioid receptor agonist and a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It is a common therapeutic agent in human medicine for management of acute and chronic pain, and it is currently being investigated for use in veterinary medicine. Tapentadol was evaluated in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) because there is only 1 other oral opioid ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-35.1.45

33. Protein Electrophoresis of Serum and Heparinized Plasma in the Common Mynah (Acridotheres tristis)

Author:
Bahareh Aryakia; Mahdieh Zaeemi; Mohammad Heidarpour; Jamshid Razmyar
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 305-312
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Acridotheres tristis; adults; albumins; birds; biuret; blood proteins; blood serum; cellulose acetate; diagnostic techniques; dye binding; electrophoresis; globulins; medicine; protein content; surgery
Abstract:
... Although serum protein electrophoresis is a diagnostic tool available through many veterinary laboratories, there currently are no reference intervals for protein fractions in healthy common mynahs (Acridotheres tristis). Therefore, electrophoretic patterns of proteins in serum and heparinized plasma of the common mynah were evaluated. Blood specimens were collected from 55 healthy adult common my ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00025

34. Relationship Between Arterial and Intraosseous Pressure in African Grey Parrots (Psittacus erithacus)

Author:
Yun-Wen Peng; Chau-Hwa Chi; Pin-Huan Yu
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 402-411
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Psittacus erithacus; body weight; cannulas; catheters; heart rate; isoflurane; medicine; oxygen; surgery
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between arterial pressure and intraosseous (IO) pressure obtained by conventional IO needle in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus). Twelve healthy African grey parrots with mean body weight 465.25 g were anesthetized in an induction chamber with 5% isoflurane and 100% oxygen, followed by intubation and connection to a pressure-limited ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00058

35. Retrospective Analysis of Cataract Formation and Nutritional Etiology in a Managed Collection of Parakeet Auklets (Aethia psittacula)

Author:
Brianne E. Phillips; Ellen S. Dierenfeld; Robert English; Brigid Troan; Ken Reininger; Debbie J. Zombeck; Ryan S. DeVoe; Barbara Wolfe; Michael R. Loomis; Larry J. Minter
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2022 v.35 no.4 pp. 390-401
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
alpha-tocopherol; cataract; etiology; invertebrates; medicine; necropsy; parakeets; piscivores; retrospective studies; seabirds; surgery; thiamin; vitamin A; vitamin content; vitamin supplements; zoos; North Carolina
Abstract:
... The parakeet auklet (Aethia psittacula) is a piscivorous seabird with a natural diet of various invertebrate and teleost species, which is challenging to replicate in a managed collection. A high prevalence of early onset cataracts was observed in a managed collection of parakeet auklets at the North Carolina Zoo (Asheboro, NC, USA), which was hypothesized to be related to inappropriate vitamin A ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00037

36. Successful Treatment of Acute Craniodorsal Coxofemoral Luxation in a Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber) Using Closed Reduction and a Modified Ehmer Sling

Author:
Ellen K. Rasidi
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 350-360
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Eudocimus ruber; birds; joints (animal); medicine; patients; surgery
Abstract:
... Whereas craniodorsal displacement of the coxofemoral joint is the most common luxation reported in small and large mammals, it occurs less often in avian species. Closed reduction and external coaptation with a modified Ehmer sling is the initial treatment, in most cases, for small animals (eg, dogs, cats) that present with a coxofemoral luxation. However, the Ehmer sling is reported to have a low ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00004

37. Successful Treatment of Capture Myopathy and Satellite Transmitter Injury in an Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross (Thalassarche chlororhynchos)

Author:
Renata Hurtado; Leandro Egert; Allan Poltronieri Santos; Roberto Rossi do Nascimento Silva; Ingridh Nazareth Aragão do Amaral; Ralph Eric Thijl Vanstreels
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 210-216
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
anemia; anesthesia; aspartate transaminase; birds; blood chemistry; blood sampling; body condition; breathing; chest; clinical examination; creatine kinase; feces; fluid therapy; harness; hematocrit; isoflurane; medicine; patients; pediculosis; protocols; rhabdomyolysis; road transportation; satellites; selenium; surgery
Abstract:
... An Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross (Thalassarche chlororhynchos) was found on shore 3 days after having been captured at sea by researchers. It presented very lethargic, moderately dehydrated, and in poor body condition. It was mildly hypothermic, with moderate pediculosis, and dark malodorous feces with yellow urates. The bird had a 48-g satellite transmitter attached with a backpack-style chest ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00024

38. Survey of Beak and Feather Disease Virus (BFDV) in Guatemalan Neotropical Psittacine Birds

Author:
Alejandro Morales; Ximena Sibrián; Flor Dinorah Porras
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 325-332
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Amazona; Ara macao; Beak and feather disease virus; Neotropics; beak; confidence interval; etiological agents; medicine; parrots; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; surgery; surveys; Guatemala
Abstract:
... Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV), a circovirus, is the etiologic agent of psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD), a progressive and often fatal disease in Psittaciformes. Even though neotropical psittacine species are more resistant to clinical infection than Old World species, BFDV is recognized as a threat to immunologically naïve wild psittacine flocks and its epidemiologic control is ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00042

39. Absolute Erythrocytosis in a Sunda Wrinkled Hornbill (Aceros corrugatus)

Author:
Jon Romano; Terry W. Campbell; Krystan R. Grant; Christine Montgomery; Sushan Han
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2020 v.34 no.2 pp. 192-197
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Aceros; atherosclerosis; birds; blood; body condition; carcinoma; cardiomyopathy; cell biology; clinical examination; heart; hematopoiesis; histopathology; hypertrophy; hypoxia; lungs; males; medicine; necropsy; polycythemia; prognosis; radiography; surgery; ultrasonography; uremia
Abstract:
... A captive, 22-year-old, intact male Sunda wrinkled hornbill (Aceros corrugatus) was presented for an acute onset of open-mouth breathing and bilaterally drooped wings. An external physical examination revealed a moderately thin body condition, marked respiratory effort, and a significant heart murmur. Diagnostic blood testing revealed moderate azotemia and persistent erythrocytosis, initially docu ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-34.2.192

40. Alfaxalone Sedation in Black-cheeked Lovebirds (Agapornis nigrigenis) for Non-invasive Procedures

Author:
Eva Maria Greunz; Dafne Limón; Mads Frost Bertelsen
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 161-166
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Agapornis; alfaxalone; apnea; birds; face masks; heart rate; medicine; oxygen; radiography; sedation; sedatives; surgery
Abstract:
... Alfaxalone is an injectable neuroactive steroid anesthetic that is becoming more widely used as a sedative in a wide range of animals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of this drug for sedation during handling and noninvasive medical procedures in black-cheeked lovebirds (Agapornis nigrigenis). Based on a pilot study that showed that 5 mg/kg alfaxalone was inadequate, and tha ...
DOI:
10.1647/19-00015

41. Anesthesia and Anesthetic-Related Complications of 8 Elegant-Crested Tinamous (Eudromia elegans) Undergoing Experimental Surgery

Author:
Hayley L. Ronaldson; Paolo Monticelli; Andrew R. Cuff; Krijn B. Michel; Dario d'Ovidio; Chiara Adami
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2020 v.34 no.1 pp. 17-25
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
algorithms; anesthesia; arrhythmia; birds; cardiac arrest; heart; heart rate; intramuscular injection; ketamine; medetomidine; monitoring; necropsy; reflexes; respiratory rate; sevoflurane; surgery
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to describe the anesthetic effects of an injectable anesthetic protocol, based on ketamine, midazolam, and medetomidine, followed by inhalational sevoflurane, in 8 elegant-crested tinamous (Eudromia elegans) undergoing experimental surgery. Initial doses for both injectable agents were tested in 1 bird and then refined with an algorithm based on the effects observed in th ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-34.1.17

42. Avian Sedation

Author:
Grayson Doss; Christoph Mans
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.3 pp. 253-268
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
anesthesia; birds; medicine; sedation; surgery; veterinary medicine
Abstract:
... The use of procedural sedation in birds has become a routine practice in veterinary medicine during the past 10 years, with a corresponding increase in avian sedation research. Sedation is most often used in a clinical setting for birds to facilitate examination and/or diagnostic sample collection, splint application, grooming, and minor surgical procedures. Sedation provides several benefits over ...
DOI:
10.1647/20-00045

43. Brain Ependymoma in an African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus)

Author:
Anaïs Sailler; Maïa Vanel; Sylvain Larrat; Emmanuel Risi
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.1 pp. 75-79
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Bornavirus; Psittacus erithacus; antibiotics; antiparasitic agents; blood chemistry; brain; budgerigars; clinical examination; computed tomography; head; histopathology; hypothermia; immunologic techniques; medicine; necropsy; neoplasms; parrots; patients; radiography; radiotherapy; surgery
Abstract:
... A 14-year-old unsexed African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) was presented with a 12-hour history of neurological signs and vomiting. The external physical examination of the patient revealed lethargy, moderate hypothermia, a head tilt, and horizontal nystagmus. Whole-body radiographic imaging and blood biochemistry parameters were unremarkable, and a serological test to detect bornav ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-35.1.75

44. Cloacal Diseases in Companion Parrots: A Retrospective Study of 43 Cases (2012–2018)

Author:
Kristin S. Gill; Peter J. Helmer
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2020 v.34 no.4 pp. 364-370
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
cloaca; females; medicine; parrots; retrospective studies; surgery
Abstract:
... Cloacal disease is considered a common presenting complaint in companion parrots. The purpose of this study was to better characterize the prevalence of cloacal disease within a population of owned psittacine birds. Medical records of all owned parrots presented to an exotic animal specialty service between July 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of cloacal diseas ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-34.4.364

45. Comparison of Anesthetic Efficacy of Lidocaine and Bupivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia in Chickens

Author:
Ali Khamisabadi; Siamak Kazemi-Darabadi; Ghasem Akbari
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.1 pp. 60-67
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
analgesia; anesthesia; anesthetics; cloaca; females; lidocaine; medicine; muscles; respiratory rate; surgery; temperature
Abstract:
... Lidocaine is used for epidural and spinal anesthesia in various animal species. The ideal drug for epidural and spinal anesthesia should have a long effective duration in addition to a fast onset of action, and adequate analgesia and muscle relaxation. Despite the delayed onset of action, bupivacaine provides a longer duration of anesthesia than lidocaine. The purpose of this study was to compare ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-35.1.60

46. Comparison of Feather Damage Associated With the Application of Pressure-sensitive Adhesive Tapes

Author:
Andrew G. Hill
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2020 v.34 no.3 pp. 268-273
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
adhesion; birds; medicine; radiography; surgery
Abstract:
... Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are commonly used for the positioning of birds for radiography and securing bandages. The effect of 5 common tapes on feather structure was investigated with before-and-after comparisons. Each tape demonstrated a characteristic pattern of damage to the feather vane that involved separation of barbules and/or tearing of barbs. Tapes with rigid backing materials and ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-34.3.268

47. Comparison of In-Clinic Diagnostic Testing Methods for Macrorhabdus ornithogaster

Author:
Hamish R. Baron; Ben C. Stevenson; David N. Phalen
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2021 v.35 no.1 pp. 37-44
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Ascomycota; amphotericin B; cloaca; medicine; methylene blue; patients; probability; proventriculus; surgery; water solubility; yeasts
Abstract:
... Macrorhabdus ornithogaster is an ascomycete yeast often found at the isthmus of the ventriculus and proventriculus of infected birds. Antemortem diagnosis has traditionally involved direct visualization of organisms on wet-mount or gram-stained fecal preparations, cloacal and crop swabs, or by both methods; however, different in-clinic diagnostic techniques have never been compared to establish an ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-35.1.37

48. A Comparison of Respiratory Variables in a Wild Population of Ventilated and Nonventilated Black Kites (Milvus migrans govinda)

Author:
Ashley Clayton; Stefan Harsch; Matthew Rendle; Shashikant Shivaji Jadhav; Aaron R. G. S Hess
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2020 v.34 no.2 pp. 158-163
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Milvus migrans; adults; birds; carbon dioxide; depth of anesthesia; heart rate; isoflurane; juveniles; medicine; oxygen; respiratory rate; surgery; India
Abstract:
... Black kites (Milvus migrans govinda) often become injured due to kite-string injuries obtained during the International Kite Flying Festival that takes place during the celebration of Uttarayan, in Ahmedabad, India. The purpose of this study was to compare respiratory variables in ventilated and nonventilated black kites, to facilitate an evidence-based decision on whether to ventilate injured bir ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-34.2.158

49. Complete Blood Cell Count and White Blood Cell Counting Method Comparison in 49-day-old Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus)

Author:
Ian Kanda; Jessica Robertson; James Meinkoth; João Brandão
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2020 v.34 no.2 pp. 132-141
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Colinus virginianus; decline; game birds; juveniles; leukocytes; medicine; quails; surgery
Abstract:
... The northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) is a game bird experiencing decline throughout much of its range. There are limited species-specific and age-specific hematologic data for bobwhite quail. Complete blood cell counts in eighteen 49-day-old captive-raised quail of unverified sex were used to contribute data to reference intervals for the species as juvenile animals. Values for packed ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-34.2.132

50. Diagnosis and Treatment of Heavy Metal Toxicosis in Six Waldrapp Ibis (Geronticus eremita)

Author:
Amanda L. Guthrie; Stephanie L. Jayson; Taina B. Strike; Sophie J. Sparrow; Edmund J. Flach; Balazs Szladovits
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2020 v.34 no.4 pp. 371-380
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
Geronticus eremita; adults; aspartate transaminase; avian influenza; bile; birds; body condition; calcium; chelation; creatine kinase; erythrocytes; fluid therapy; glutamate dehydrogenase; heavy metals; hematology; ingestion; lead; liver; medicine; poisoning; radiography; sodium; surgery; zinc
Abstract:
... Six adult Waldrapp ibis (Geronticus eremita) were presented with heavy metal toxicosis secondary to paint chip ingestion after being placed in an indoor confinement enclosure because of a regional highly pathogenic avian influenza epornitic and government restrictions. Four of the ibis developed clinical disease signs between 45 and 64 days of confinement, including weakness, lethargy, inability t ...
DOI:
10.1647/1082-6742-34.4.371