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... Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that degrades rapidly in aqueous solutions; hence, its analysis following brain microdialysis is challenging. The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a new microdialysis coupled LC-MS/MS system with improved accuracy, precision, simplicity and turnaround time for dopamine, serotonin, methamphetamine, amphetamine, 4-hydroxymethamphetamin ...
... In this study, we incorporate the additive properties into the theoretical model of a general preparative chromatographic system; this is normally not done and this limits a proper process optimization. As a model phase system, we used the adsorption of 9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl-allylglycine (Fmoc-allylglycine) enantiomers on a quinidine carbamate-based chiral stationary phase (anion exchange ...
... Gangliosides play critical roles in the development of many progressive diseases. Due to their structural diversity, efficient methods are needed to separate individual gangliosides for studies of their functions, and for use as standards in the analysis of ganglioside mixtures. This proof-of-concept study reports a useful analytical-semi-preparative scale counter-current chromatography (CCC) enri ...
... Lotus leaves are a popular remedy in Asia to treat obesity, insomnia and mental impairment; alkaloids are considered most relevant for bioactivity. In this study the first CE method for the determination of all major alkaloids ((−)-nuciferine, (−)-nornuciferine, (−)-caaverine, (−)-armepavine, (+)-norarmepavine, (+)-isoliensinine and (+)-pronuciferine) in Nelumbo nucifera leaves was developed. The ...
... We developed and evaluated two different strategies for determining abuse drugs based on (i) the analysis of saliva by ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) after thermal desorption and (ii) the joint use of IMS and infrared (IR) spectroscopy after liquid–liquid microextraction (LLME) to enable the sensitivity-enhanced detection and double confirmation of ecstasy (MDMA) abuse. Both strategies proved eff ...
acetic acid; anserine; beta-alanine; capillary zone electrophoresis; carnosine; chromatography; cleaning; detection limit; electrolytes; fractionation; humans; ionization; mass spectrometry; sodium; urine
Abstract:
... The presented study deals with the off-line coupling of preparative isotachophoresis (pITP) with on-line combination of capillary zone electrophoresis with electrospray mass spectrometric detection (CZE–ESI–MS) used for the analysis of therapeutic peptides (anserine, carnosine, and buserelin) in complex matrix (urine). Preparative capillary isotachophoresis, operating in a discontinuous fractionat ...
... This paper describes the development of a multi-analyte method for the determination of polyfunctional amines commonly used as monomers in the manufacture of food contact materials. Amines were analyzed by high-performance-liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) after derivatization with dansyl chloride. The chromatographic analysis and the derivatization conditions were optimi ...
... Alkyl- and aryl-esters of phosphoric acid (both halogenated and non-halogenated) are mainly used as flame retardants (FRs), among other applications, in furniture and consumer products and they are collectively known as organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs). The absorption, biotransformation or elimination of many of these chemicals in humans and their possible health effects are not yet well k ...
... In this study, the extraction of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) from urine using solid-phase extraction (SPE) is described. SPE was performed on anion exchange columns after samples of urine had been diluted with de-ionized water. After application of the diluted samples containing GHB-d₆ as an internal standard, the sorbent was washed with deionized water and methanol and dried. The GHB was eluted from ...
... High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) were applied and compared in enantioseparation of 2-phenylpropionic acid (2-PPA) when hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was used as chiral mobile phase additive. For HPLC, the enantioseparation was achieved on ODS C₁₈ reverse phase column and the mobile phase was 25mmolL⁻¹ HP-β-CD aqueous buffe ...
acetic acid; agricultural soils; chlorophenols; cresols; derivatization; gas chromatography; nitrophenols; physicochemical properties; pyridines; soil sampling; tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... Due to the different physico-chemical properties of phenols, the development of a methodology for the simultaneous extraction and determination of phenolic compounds belonging to several families, such as chlorophenols (CPs), alkylphenols (APs), nitrophenols (NTPs) and cresols is difficult. This study shows the development and validation of a method for the analysis of 13 phenolic compounds (inclu ...
acetic acid; adsorption; breast milk; desorption; high performance liquid chromatography; humans; ions; nanoparticles; pH; solid phase extraction; sorbents; sulfur
Abstract:
... A simple and rapid solid phase extraction procedure using a mini-column packed with modified sulfur nanoparticles as a new, efficient and reusable sorbent has been developed for the preconcentration of carbamazepine prior to its determination by high performance liquid chromatography. This method is based on the retention of carbamazepine by modified sulfur nanoparticles which are quite efficient ...
... The determination of specific migration in the three aqueous food simulants (water, 3% acetic acid and 10% ethanol) from experimental active packaging polypropylene-based films containing natural essential oils as active agents has been carried out for the first time by a two-phase hollow fibre liquid phase microextraction (HFLPME). Due to the high number of variables involved, an experimental des ...
... In capillary electrophoresis (CE), separation of enantiomers of a chiral compound can be achieved through the chiral interactions and/or complex formation between the chiral selector and the enantiomeric analytes on leaving their diastereomeric forms with different stability constants and hence different mobilities. A great number of chiral selectors have been employed in CE and among them macrocy ...
... Few articles are reported for the simultaneous separation and sensitive detection of the kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites. This work describes a capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry (CEC-MS) method using acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) functionalized stationary phase. The AMPS column was prepared by first performing silanization of bare silica with gamma-maps, fol ...
... Fine characterization of nitrocellulose (NC) remains a challenge, especially in forensic analysis, and a strategy consisting in obtaining representative fingerprints by a separation technique, as for proteins, is of prime interest. In this work, we first established that NCs (especially of high molar mass) cannot be representatively derivatized by 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS), becau ...
acetic acid; haloperidol; quantitative analysis; monitoring; liquid membranes; cations; chromatography; amino acids; capillary electrophoresis; pH; human serum albumin
Abstract:
... Monitoring the selectivity of supported liquid membranes (SLMs) is of paramount importance since the amount and type of compounds that are transferred across a SLM directly influence the transfer efficiency, reproducibility and accuracy. To apply a correct SLM in particular sample pretreatment, rapid determination of the transfer of analytes and matrix compounds across the SLM is necessary, which ...
... A capillary electrophoresis method with contactless conductivity detection was developed for the quantification of carnitine and six acylcarnitines in plasma and urine samples. The running buffer employed consisted of 500mmol/L acetic acid, 1.0mmol/L hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and 0.05% Tween at a pH of 2.6. Under these conditions, the isomeric valproyl- and octanoyl-carnitines could be distingu ...
... A targeted CE-MS approach was developed for the chiral analysis of biologically relevant amino acids in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). In order to achieve chiral resolution, the five amino acids (Ser, Asn, Asp, Gln and Glu) were derivatized with (+)-1-(9-fluorenyl)ethyl chloroformate ((+)-FLEC). The diastereoselectivity was found to be highly dependent on pH for all analytes and the optimi ...
acetic acid; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; drinking; detection limit; equations; herbicides; chromatography; river water; ammonium; protons; electrophoresis; prediction
Abstract:
... Capillary isotachophoresis (ITP) is an electrophoretic technique offering high sensitivity due to permanent stacking of the migrating analytes. Its combination with electrospray-ionization mass-spectrometric (ESI–MS) detection is limited by the narrow spectrum of ESI-compatible components but can be compensated by experienced system architecture. This work describes a methodology for sensitive ana ...
... Transient isotachophoresis (tITP) with a system-induced terminator (SIT) was developed for capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) determination of aniline (An+) and pyridine (Py+) in sewage samples. After sample injection, a water vial anode was set at the sample-inlet side. Then voltage was applied to generate a system-induced terminator (H+). Experiments and simulations revealed a concentration ef ...
acetic acid; atomic force microscopy; capillary zone electrophoresis; chromatography; coatings; denaturation; dimerization; glycoproteins; isopropyl alcohol; liquids; manufacturing; mass spectrometry; monoclonal antibodies; quality control; therapeutics
Abstract:
... Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are complex glycoproteins and ensuring their safety, efficacy and quality is still challenging. Indeed, during their manufacturing process, they are exposed to several stresses that can lead to their denaturation, misfolding or dimerization. We report here a new method based on capillary electrophoresis coupled to native mass spectrometry (MS) with a sheath ...
... Carbamoylated derivatives of two antibiotics, namely, clindamycin phosphate (CLIP) and erythromycin (ERY) were successfully employed as co-precursors, in combination of zirconium tetrabutoxide as a precursor, to prepare chiral organic-zirconia hybrid monoliths (i.e., CLIP-ZHMs and ERY-ZHMs, respectively) via a single-step in-situ sol-gel approach in our previous works. Their superiority over chira ...
... Cationic derivatization of oligosaccharides by quaternary ammonium label was investigated for capillary electrophoretic separation with transient isotachophoretic preconcentration (t-ITP) as detected by capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D). Dextran ladder, prepared by partial hydrolysis of dextran, isomaltotriose, maltopentaose and maltoheptaose were derivatized by reducti ...
... A centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) method was developed for the preparative-scale isolation and purification of xylindein from the wood-staining fungi, Chlorociboria aeruginosa. Xylindein, a blue–green pigment naturally secreted from the hyphae and fruiting bodies of the fungus, has great value in the decorative wood industry and textile coloration. Xylindein has great potential for use ...
Actinomadura hibisca; acetic acid; acetonitrile; additives; ammonium acetate; culture media; fermentation; liquid chromatography; metabolites; solid phase extraction; tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... Microbial cultures produce complex and potentially interesting mixtures of biosynthetic intermediates and derivatives of metabolites. These mixtures’ reliable identification is important and so too is the development of techniques for their analysis. Here, a simple and highly selective method of detecting the biosynthetic congeners involved in the pentangular polyphenol pradimicin (PR) pathway fro ...
... Esters of fruit acids including acetic acid and mono- and diacylglycerols (MAG and DAG), also known as E 472 emulsifiers, are used in the food industry as food additives to adjust techno-functional properties like viscosity, emulsion stability and foaming stability in various products, mainly dairy products. Based on the respective acids, E 472 emulsifiers are classified in several categories with ...
acetic acid; ash content; buffers; citric acid; diacetyl; diacylglycerols; emulsifiers; foods; fruit acids; glycerol; high performance liquid chromatography; lactic acid; pH; phosphates; spectroscopy; standard deviation; tartaric acid; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... Emulsifiers of the type E 472 are esters of fruit acids and mono- and diacylglycerols (MAG and DAG), which are used to adjust techno-functional properties in various food products. The most dominant representatives of E 472 emulsifiers are acetic acid esters (E 472a), lactic acid esters (E 472b), citric acid esters (E 472c), and mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters (E 472e). For the determinati ...
... To characterize the aroma of cherry wine, five samples were analyzed by quantitative descriptive sensory analysis, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O). The aroma of cherry wines was described by 6 sensory terms as fruity, sour, woody, fermentation, cameral and floral. Fifty-one odor-active (OA) compounds were detected by GC–O and quantified by GC ...
Marcella Pavan; Priscila Yamamoto; Rodrigo Moreira da Silva; Wilson Salgado Junior; José dos Santos; Rafael Kemp; Ajith Sankarankutty; Natália de Moraes; Cristiane de Gaitani
... Carvedilol is a commonly used antihypertensive whose oral absorption is limited by low solubility and significant first-pass metabolism. This work aimed to apply chemometrics for the optimization of a salting-out assisted liquid–liquid extraction (SALLE) combined with LC-MS/MS to analyze carvedilol enantiomers in plasma samples. Method development and validation were driven for application in phar ...
acetic acid; ammonium acetate; capillary electrophoresis; chromatography; cyclodextrins; diastereomers; electric potential difference; electrolytes; enantiomers; methanol; phenothiazines; sulfoxides; temperature
Abstract:
... The separation of the enantiomers of mepromazine, promethazine, thioridazine and alimemazine was studied by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis in the presence of cyclodextrins using 1 M acetic acid and 50 mM ammonium acetate in methanol as background electrolyte. Heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-O-sulfo)-β-cyclodextrin, heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-sulfo)-β-cyclodextrin (HDMS-β-CD) and octakis(2,3-di- ...
... In this work, the use of different solvents and temperatures was explored, aiming to evaluate their influence on the enantioseparation of pesticides by HPLC in polar-organic conditions, employing a column containing immobilized amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenyl-carbamate). The chiral separation of seventeen different pesticides widely used as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and precursors ...
... This paper reports unusual on-column degradations of aniline compounds on Waters XBridge Shield RP18 column when ammonium hydroxide in water and acetonitrile were used as mobile phases in liquid chromatography. The change of the level of on-column degradation of a model compound (Compound 1) with time was observed in the first fifteen injections when started at 60°C. During a subsequent cooling pr ...
Food and Drug Administration; absorption; acetic acid; acetonitrile; confidence interval; energy; ethyl ether; formic acid; high performance liquid chromatography; humans; liquid-liquid extraction; methylene chloride; pharmacokinetics; solvents; tandem mass spectrometry; volunteers; United States
Abstract:
... A rapid, sensitive and specific method for quantifying ciprofibrate in human plasma using bezafibrate as the internal standard (IS) is described. The sample was acidified prior extraction with formic acid (88%). The analyte and the IS were extracted from plasma by liquid–liquid extraction using an organic solvent (diethyl ether/dichloromethane 70/30 (v/v)). The extracts were analyzed by high perfo ...
Anh Phuong Vu; Thi Ngan Nguyen; Thi Trang Do; Thu Ha Doan; Tran Hung Ha; Thi Thao Ta; Hung Long Nguyen; Peter C. Hauser; Thi Anh Huong Nguyen; Thanh Duc Mai
... The employment of a purpose-made capillary electrophoresis (CE) instrument with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C⁴D) as a simple and cost-effective solution for clinical screening of paraquat in plasma samples for early-stage diagnosis of acute herbicide poisoning is reported. Paraquat was determined using an electrolyte composed of 10mM histidine adjusted to pH 4 with ace ...
... Combination of different extraction methods is an interesting and debatable work in the field of sample preparation. In the current study, for the first time, solid phase extraction combined with electro membrane extraction (SPE–EME) was developed for ultra-preconcentration and determination of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides in environmental samples using capillary electrophoresis (CE). In the ment ...
acetic acid; acetonitrile; carbaryl; carbofuran; chlorpropham; derivatization; extensibility; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; solvents; temperature; toluene
Abstract:
... The carbamate pesticides are a well known thermo-sensible compound class. Under unfavourable conditions, these compounds are highly prone to degradation via fragmentation and/or rearrangement mechanisms. Their transformation processes are observed in consequence of two factors: structure with fragile bonds on the one hand and a stressing environment on the other hand leading to a difficult direct ...
... Wu-tou decoction (WTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula which has been used for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for a thousand years. However, the underlying mechanism of WTD in treating RA is still unclear. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the role of gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites in the treatment of RA. Hence, this study aims to inve ...
Eom, Han Young; Park, So-Young; Kim, Min Kyung; Suh, Joon Hyuk; Yeom, Hyesun; Min, Jung Won; Kim, Unyong; Lee, Jeongmi; Youm, Jeong-Rok; Han, Sang Beom
... Saikosaponins are triterpene saponins derived from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum L. (Umbelliferae), which has been traditionally used to treat fever, inflammation, liver diseases, and nephritis. It is difficult to analyze saikosaponins using HPLC-UV due to the lack of chromophores. Therefore, evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) is used as a valuable alternative to UV detection. More re ...
... The effective diffusion coefficients of five low molecular weigh compounds (naphthalene, uracil, uridine, adenosine, and cytosine) were measured at room temperature in a 4.6mm×100mm column packed with 3.5μm XBridge HILIC particles. The mobile phase was an acetonitrile–water mixture (92.5/7.5, v/v) containing 10mM ammonium acetate and 0.02% acetic acid. Using a physically reliable model of effectiv ...
... Automated phosphopeptide enrichment prior to MS analysis by means of Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography (IMAC) and Metal Oxide Affinity Chromatography (MOAC) has been probed with packed columns. We compared POROS-Fe³⁺ and TiO₂ (respectively IMAC and MOAC media), using a simple mixture of peptides from casein–albumin and a complex mixture of peptides isolated from mouse liver. With theses sa ...
... In this work, we have investigated retention of maltooligosaccharides and their fluorescent derivatives in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography using four different stationary phases. The non-derivatized maltooligosaccharides (maltose to maltoheptaose) and their derivatives with 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2‐aminobenzamide, 2-aminopyridine and 8-aminonaphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid were analy ...
... In this study, two simple pretreatment methods were comprehensively evaluated for the determination of 135 pesticide residues in roots and rhizomes of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs). The studied methodologies are (a) solid-phase extraction (SPE) and (b) Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS). For SPE, extraction solvents, SPE cartridges and types and volume of eluent were acces ...
... A method for the simultaneous quantification of B vitamins and related amines in one-carbon (1C) metabolism would benefit the study of diet and genetic/epigenetic regulation of mammalian development and health. We present a validated method for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of 13 B vitamers and four related 1C-pathway amine intermediates in liver using hydrophilic interaction chromatograp ...
... A fundamental understanding of the conformational behaviors of lysozyme during the process of adsorption and desorption has been studied using spectrophotometric techniques, and interpreted in terms of the secondary structures in this work. FTIR data show an increase in α-helix and β-sheet content when lysozyme interaction with magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ (PEG+CM-CTS) NPs) which indicates that ...
acetic acid; chromatography; mass transfer; models; octane
Abstract:
... A new liquid–liquid chromatography technique developed from a combination of controlled-cycle operation and a pulsed-mixing technique is suggested and validated. The controlled-cycle pulsed liquid–liquid chromatography (CPLC) system operates without involving a centrifuge and consists, of a series of multistage units, and a method for imparting pulsation motion to the liquids inside the units (the ...
... The production of fumaric acid through a biotechnological pathway has grown in importance because of its potential value in related industries. This has sparked an interest in developing an economically-efficient process for separation of fumaric acid (product of interest) from acetic acid (by-product). This study aimed to develop a simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatographic process for such separ ...
... Modified micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) with a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), produced from choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG), was employed for melamine (MEL) monitoring in milk matrix. This sustainable mobile phase was attained through chemometrical optimization of crucial variables including concentration of sodium dodecyl sulphate ([SDS]) along with volume percentag ...
T-2 toxin; acetic acid; acetonitrile; affinity chromatography; aflatoxin B1; aflatoxin B2; aflatoxin G1; aflatoxin G2; corn; detection limit; food safety; foods; high performance liquid chromatography; human health; monitoring; monoclonal antibodies; ochratoxin A; peanut products; rapid methods; tandem mass spectrometry; wheat
Abstract:
... Mycotoxins usually found in agricultural products such as peanut, corn, and wheat, are a serious threat to human health and their detection requires multiplexed and sensitive analysis methods. Herein, a simultaneous determination for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, ochratoxin A, zearalanone and T-2 toxin was investigated using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry ...