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You searched for: Journal name Journal of earth system science Remove constraint Journal name: Journal of earth system science Publication Year 2012 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2012
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1. Abnormally large magnetospheric electric field on 9 November 2004 and its effect on equatorial ionosphere around the world

Author:
R G Rastogi; H Chandra; Louis Condori; M A Abdu; B Reinisch; R T Tsunoda; D S V V D Prasad; T K Pant; T Maruyama
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1145-1161
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
electric field; radar; Earth system science; ionization; geophysics; Earth ionosphere; magnetic fields; Ascension; Indonesia; Brazil; Peru
Abstract:
... There was a solar event around 1850 UT on 9th November 2004, associated with an abnormally large solar wind flow pressure and large southward interplanetary magnetic field, causing an abnormally large prompt penetration electric field between 1850 and 2100 UT. Abnormally large vertical F-region drifts by Jicamarca backscatter radar were reported associated with the event. The F-region over Jicamar ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0231-5

2. Above-ground tree outside forest (TOF) phytomass and carbon estimation in the semi-arid region of southern Haryana: A synthesis approach of remote sensing and field data

Author:
KULDEEP SINGH; PRITAM CHAND
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.6 pp. 1469-1482
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth atmosphere; aboveground biomass; carbon; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; data collection; forest inventory; forests; geographic information systems; remote sensing; rural areas; semiarid zones; trees; urban areas; India
Abstract:
... Trees outside forest (TOF) play an important role in global carbon cycling, since they are large pools of carbon as well as potential carbon sinks and sources to the atmosphere. In view of the importance of biomass estimates in the global carbon (C) cycle, the present study demonstrates the potential of the standwise tree outside forest inventory data and finer spatial resolution of IRS-P6 LISS-IV ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0237-z

3. Altimeter data assimilation in the tropical Indian Ocean using water property conserving scheme

Author:
BHASHA M MANKAD; RASHMI SHARMA; SUJIT BASU; P K PAL
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 251-262
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
General Circulation Models; remote sensing; sea level; surface water temperature; Indian Ocean
Abstract:
... Altimeter data have been assimilated in an ocean general circulation model using the water property conserving scheme. Two runs of the model have been conducted for the year 2004. In one of the runs, altimeter data have been assimilated sequentially, while in another run, assimilation has been suppressed. Assimilation has been restricted to the tropical Indian Ocean. An assessment of the strength ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0149-y

4. Analysis of lineament swarms in a Precambrian metamorphic rocks in India

Author:
TAPAS ACHARYA; SUKUMAR BASU MALLIK
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 453-462
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; mica; metamorphic rocks; India
Abstract:
... Addressing the geologic significance of lineaments and their correlation with joints/fractures is still unclear. The present study attempts to analyse the lineament swarms developed in a Precambrian metamorphic terrain in India using both unfiltered and filtered techniques. The unfiltered analysis technique shows that the major lineament and fracture trends are oriented along EW and NS directions ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0164-z

5. Appraisal of soft computing techniques in prediction of total bed material load in tropical rivers

Author:
C K CHANG; H MD AZAMATHULLA; N A ZAKARIA; A AB GHANI
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 125-133
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
rivers; fuzzy logic; Earth system science; neural networks; gene expression; pollution load; computer techniques; prediction
Abstract:
... This paper evaluates the performance of three soft computing techniques, namely Gene-Expression Programming (GEP) (Zakaria et al 2010), Feed Forward Neural Networks (FFNN) (Ab Ghani et al 2011), and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) in the prediction of total bed material load for three Malaysian rivers namely Kurau, Langat and Muda. The results of present study are very promising: FFN ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0138-1

6. Atmospheric aerosol characteristics retrieved using ground based solar extinction studies at Mohal in the Kullu valley of northwestern Himalayan region, India

Author:
NAND L SHARMA; JAGDISH C KUNIYAL; MAHAVIR SINGH; PITAMBER P DHYANI; RAJ P GULERIA; HARINDER K THAKUR; PAN S RAWAT
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 221-235
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
aerosols; altitude; autumn; image analysis; monsoon season; satellites; summer; temperature; tourists; turbidity; wavelengths; wind direction; wind speed; winter; Himalayan region; India
Abstract:
... Aerosol parameters are measured using a ground-based Multi-wavelength Radiometer (MWR) at Mohal (31.90°N, 77.11°E, 1154 m amsl) in the Kullu valley during clear sky days of a seasonal year. The study shows that the values of spectral aerosol optical depths (AODs) at 500 nm and the Ångstrom turbidity coefficient ‘β’ (a measure of columnar loading in atmosphere) are high (0.41 ± 0.03, 0.2 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0148-z

7. Atmospheric water budget over the western Himalayas in a regional climate model

Author:
A P DIMRI
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 963-973
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
winter; Earth system science; climatology; air temperature; evaporation; climate models; hydrologic cycle; atmospheric precipitation; India; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... During winter months (December, January, February – DJF), the western Himalayas (WH) receive precipitation from eastward moving extratropical cyclones, called western disturbances (WDs) in Indian parlance. Winter precipitation–moisture convergence–evaporation (P–C–E) cycle is analyzed for a period of 22 years (1981–2002: 1980(D)–1981(J, F) to 2001(D)–2002(J, F)) with observed and modelled (RegCM3) ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0204-8

8. Audible thunder characteristic and the relation between peak frequency and lightning parameters

Author:
OUYANG YUHUA; YUAN PING
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 211-220
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; ionization; equations; lightning; air; summer; temperature
Abstract:
... In recent summers, some natural lightning optical spectra and audible thunder signals were observed. Twelve events on 15 August 2008 are selected as samples since some synchronizing information about them are obtained, such as lightning optical spectra, surface E-field changes, etc. By using digital filter and Fourier transform, thunder frequency spectra in observation location have been calculate ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0147-0

9. Behaviour of REEs in a tropical estuary and adjacent continental shelf of southwest coast of India: Evidence from anomalies

Author:
P M DEEPULAL; T R GIREESH KUMAR; C H SUJATHA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1215-1227
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
manganese; cerium; heavy metals; lutetium; thulium; ytterbium; carbon; analytical methods; gadolinium; sediments; correlation; terbium; uranium; holmium; iron; thorium; europium; erbium; coasts; samarium; estuaries; continental shelf; dysprosium; copper; Earth system science; lanthanum; factor analysis; neodymium; vanadium; chromium; oxides; hydroxides; silicate minerals; zinc; magnesium; praseodymium; shale; India
Abstract:
... The distribution and accumulation of the rare earth elements (REE) in the sediments of the Cochin Estuary and adjacent continental shelf were investigated. The rare earth elements like La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and the heavy metals like Mg, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, U, Th were analysed by using standard analytical methods. The Post-Archean Australian Shale composition was ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0223-5

10. Calibration of regional ionospheric delay with uncombined precise point positioning and accuracy assessment

Author:
LI WEI; CHENG PENGFEI; BEI JINZHONG; WEN HANJIANG; WANG HUA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 989-999
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; global positioning systems; Earth ionosphere; data collection
Abstract:
... A new method for the calibration of regional ionospheric delay based on uncombined precise point positioning (U-PPP) is proposed in this study. The performance of the new method was comparatively validated in terms of its accuracy and robustness with respect to the phase-smoothed pseudorange (PSP) method through two short-baseline experiments. Accuracy of the PPP-derived ionospheric delays was fur ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0206-6

11. Carbon dioxide and water vapour characteristics on the west coast of Arabian Sea during Indian summer monsoon

Author:
T DHARMARAJ; M N PATIL; R T WAGHMARE; P ERNEST RAJ
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 903-910
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
carbon dioxide; Earth atmosphere; wind; meteorology; Earth system science; monsoon season; air temperature; summer; coasts; water vapor; India; Arabian Sea
Abstract:
... Carbon dioxide, water vapour, air temperature and wind measurements at 10 Hz sampling rate were carried out over the coast of Arabian Sea, Goa (15°21′N, 73°51′E) in India. These observations were collected, in association with the surface layer turbulent parameters for the Arabian Sea Monsoon Experiment (ARMEX). In the summer monsoon period, concentration of CO2 was in the range of 550–79 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0201-y

12. Characteristic features of winter precipitation and its variability over northwest India

Author:
R K YADAV; K RUPA KUMAR; M RAJEEVAN
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 611-623
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
temporal variation; statistics; rivers; water supply; winter; meteorology; Earth system science; hills; glaciers; melting; atmospheric precipitation; crops; India; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... Northwestern parts of India receive considerable amount of precipitation during the winter months of December–March. Although, it is only about 15% of the annual precipitation, the precipitation is very important for rabi crops and to maintain the glaciers extend in the Himalaya, which melt and supply water to the rivers during other seasons. The precipitation is mainly associated with the sequenc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0184-8

13. Chemical characterisation of meltwater draining from Gangotri Glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Author:
VIRENDRA BAHADUR SINGH; AL RAMANATHAN; JOSE GEORGE POTTAKKAL; PARMANAND SHARMA; ANURAG LINDA; MOHD FAROOQ AZAM; C CHATTERJEE
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 625-636
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
geochemistry; cations; watersheds; analytical chemistry; sulfates; rocks; weathering; anions; sodium; oxidation; protons; Earth system science; calcium; bicarbonates; potassium; statistical analysis; ionic strength; hydrochemistry; snowmelt; carbonates; nitric oxide; chlorides; glaciers; magnesium; carbonation; sulfides; nitrates; India; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... A detailed analytical study of major cations (Ca2 + , Mg2 + , Na + , K + ) and anions (SO[Formula: see text], HCO[Formula: see text], Cl − , NO[Formula: see text] of meltwater draining from Gangotri Glacier was carried out to understand major ion chemistry and to get an insight into geochemical weathering processes controlling hydrochemistry of the glacier. In the meltwater, the abundance order of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0177-7

14. Deciphering heavy metal contamination zones in soils of a granitic terrain of southern India using factor analysis and GIS

Author:
D PURUSHOTHAM; MAHJOOR AHMAD LONE; MEHNAZ RASHID; A NARSING RAO; SHAKEEL AHMED
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 1059-1070
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; heavy metals; lead; strontium; anthropogenic activities; computer software; phosphorus; urbanization; soil pollution; granite; sodium; industrialization; barium; yttrium; rubidium; silica; zirconium; cobalt; manganese oxides; groundwater contamination; copper; agricultural land; calcium oxide; Earth system science; residential areas; soil quality; factor analysis; soil; titanium dioxide; molybdenum; potassium; vanadium; soil sampling; chromium; silicates; ferric oxide; magnesium oxide; zinc; aluminum oxide; chemical analysis; geographic information systems; nickel; India
Abstract:
... Soil contamination by heavy metals has been a major concern for last few decades due to increase in urbanization and industrialization. The main objective of this research was to identify the heavy metal contaminated zones in the study area. Twenty five soil samples collected throughout the agriculture, residential and industrial areas were analysed by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF) for tra ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0209-3

15. Depositional environment and provenance of Middle Siwalik sediments in Tista valley, Darjiling District, Eastern Himalaya, India

Author:
ABHIK KUNDU; ABDUL MATIN; MALAY MUKUL
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 73-89
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
humid zones; rivers; alluvium; dipping; Earth system science; mountains; valleys; provenance; minerals; shale; climatic factors; sandstone; India; Himalayan region; Nepal
Abstract:
... The frontal part of the active, wedge-shaped Indo-Eurasian collision boundary is defined by the Himalayan fold-and-thrust belt whose foreland basin accumulated sediments that eventually became part of the thrust belt and is presently exposed as the sedimentary rocks of the Siwalik Group. The rocks of the Siwalik Group have been extensively studied in the western and Nepal Himalaya and have been di ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0154-1

16. Detection of Mg spinel lithologies on central peak of crater Theophilus using Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data from Chandrayaan-1

Author:
D LAL; P CHAUHAN; R D SHAH; S BHATTACHARYA; AJAI; A S KIRAN KUMAR
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 847-853
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; absorption; iron; models; magnesium; minerals; reflectance; India
Abstract:
... Spectral reflectance data derived from Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) onboard India’s Chandrayaan-1 has revealed Fe bearing Mg-spinel-rich lithology on central peaks of the crater Theophilus. These newly identified Fe bearing Mg-spinel-rich rock types are defined by their strong 2-μm absorption and lack of 1-μm absorptions in spectral reflectance response. Such lithology has been reported previou ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0193-7

17. Deterministic seismic hazard macrozonation of India

Author:
SREEVALSA KOLATHAYAR; T G SITHARAM; K S VIPIN
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1351-1364
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
hazard characterization; Earth system science; uncertainty; models; tectonics; trees; earthquakes; India
Abstract:
... Earthquakes are known to have occurred in Indian subcontinent from ancient times. This paper presents the results of seismic hazard analysis of India (6°–38°N and 68°–98°E) based on the deterministic approach using latest seismicity data (up to 2010). The hazard analysis was done using two different source models (linear sources and point sources) and 12 well recognized attenuation relations consi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0227-1

18. Development of a perfect prognosis probabilistic model for prediction of lightning over south-east India

Author:
M Rajeevan; A Madhulatha; M Rajasekhar; Jyoti Bhate; Amit Kesarkar; B V Appa Rao
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 355-371
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
probability distribution; probability; Earth system science; prognosis; principal component analysis; lightning; regression analysis; thermodynamics; water content; temperature; troposphere; probabilistic models; prediction; India
Abstract:
... A prediction model based on the perfect prognosis method was developed to predict the probability of lightning and probable time of its occurrence over the south-east Indian region. In the perfect prognosis method, statistical relationships are established using past observed data. For real time applications, the predictors are derived from a numerical weather prediction model. In the present stud ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0173-y

19. Development of multimodel ensemble based district level medium range rainfall forecast system for Indian region

Author:
S K ROY BHOWMIK; V R DURAI
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 273-285
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
correlation; Earth system science; monsoon season; data collection; model validation; rain; summer; weather forecasting; climate models; India
Abstract:
... India Meteorological Department has implemented district level medium range rainfall forecast system applying multimodel ensemble technique, making use of model outputs of state-of-the-art global models from the five leading global NWP centres. The pre-assigned grid point weights on the basis of anomaly correlation coefficients (CC) between the observed values and forecast values are determined fo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0158-x

20. Diagenesis of Holocene reef and associated beachrock of certain coral islands, Gulf of Mannar, India: Implication on climate and sea level

Author:
S KRISHNA KUMAR; N CHANDRASEKAR; P SERALATHAN; J DAJKUMAR SAHAYAM
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 733-745
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
sediments; freshwater; ephemeral streams; energy; islands; sea level; Earth system science; sediment transport; rocks; terraces; corals; climatic factors; India
Abstract:
... The reef and associated beachrock from certain Gulf of Mannar islands (Rameswaram, Kurusadai, Shingle and Appa Island) were studied to assess the diagenetic evidences. Sixty samples were collected from marine terraces and reef platforms. The samples comprised of coral rubbles, shell fragments and lithic fractions. The presence of corals in the form of framework or isolated patches on the reef flat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0183-9

21. Effect of cloud occurrences on tropospheric ozone over, Alipore (22.52°N, 88.33°E), India

Author:
P K JANA; D SARKAR; D K SAHA; S K MIDYA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 711-722
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
sulfur dioxide; solar radiation; Earth system science; ozone; rain; nitrogen dioxide; troposphere; India
Abstract:
... The paper presents the nature of annual cycles of tropospheric ozone, cloud occurrences, NO2, rainfall, SO2, SPM, CO, non-methane hydrocarbon and surface solar radiation for the period October 2004 to June 2009 over Alipore (22.52°N, 88.33°E), India. Annual cycle of low-level cloud occurrences depicts that the low-level cloud over Alipore had been noticed to occur for many days and nights, parti ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0196-4

22. Estimation of radon concentration in dwellings in and around Guwahati

Author:
GAUTAM KUMAR DEY; PROJIT KUMAR DAS
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 237-240
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
radon; Earth system science; lung neoplasms; detectors; aluminum; progeny; chronic exposure
Abstract:
... It has been established that radon and its airborne decay products can present serious radiation hazards. A long term exposure to high concentration of radon causes lung cancer. Besides, it is also known that out of the total radiation dose received from natural and man-made sources, 60% of the dose is due to radon and its progeny. Taking this into account, an attempt has been made to estimate rad ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0136-3

23. Evaluation of short-period rainfall estimates from Kalpana-1 satellite using MET software

Author:
SOMA SEN ROY; SUBHENDU BRATA SAHA; HASHMI FATIMA; S K ROY BHOWMIK; P K KUNDU
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1113-1123
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
monitoring; Earth system science; rain gauges; monsoon season; rain; remote sensing; computer software; algorithms; satellites; India
Abstract:
... The INSAT Multispectral Rainfall Algorithm (IMSRA) technique for rainfall estimation, has recently been developed to meet the shortcomings of the Global Precipitation Index (GPI) technique of rainfall estimation from the data of geostationary satellites; especially for accurate short period rainfall estimates. This study evaluates the 3-hourly precipitation estimates by this technique as well as t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0218-2

24. Evaluation of the Holocene environmental changes of the southwest coast, India: A palaeopalynological approach

Author:
B AJAYKUMAR; K SREEDHARAN; MAHESH MOHAN; JOBY PAUL; A P THOMAS; P K K NAIR
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 1093-1103
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
rivers; morphometry; lakes; Earth system science; sea level; monsoon season; wood; clay; trees; watersheds; rain intensity; weeds; coasts; sand; temperature; pollen; radiocarbon dating; climate; India
Abstract:
... The climatic variability and the influence of temperature and sea level fluctuations on the earth’s surface configuration during the Holocene are being discussed all over the world. The present study evaluates the palaeo-environmental conditions of western coast of India during this epoch through the analysis of pollen grains embedded in a carbonaceous clay formation (≅ 0.4–0.6 m) found san ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0210-x

25. Exploring deep potential aquifer in water scarce crystalline rocks

Author:
SUBASH CHANDRA; E NAGAIAH; D V REDDY; V ANANDA RAO; SHAKEEL AHMED
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.6 pp. 1455-1468
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; rocks; tomography; models; electrodes; aquifers; groundwater; electrical resistance
Abstract:
... Characterization of the shear zone with pole–pole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was carried out to explore deep groundwater potential zone in a water scarce granitic area. As existing field conditions does not always allow to plant the remote electrodes at sufficiently far of distance, the effect of insufficient distance of remote electrodes on apparent resistivity measurement was studie ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0238-y

26. Fluid–rock interaction across the South Tibetan Detachment, Garhwal Himalaya (India): Mineralogical and geochemical evidences

Author:
ANUBHOOTI SAXENA; HIMANSHU K SACHAN; PULOK K MUKHERJEE; DILIP K MUKHOPADHYA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 29-44
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
muscovite; pressure; geochemistry; Earth system science; salinity; weathering; granite; quartz; tectonics; sodium chloride; temperature; India; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... The Malari Leucogranite in the Garhwal Himalaya is cut across by a continental-scale normal fault system called the South Tibetan Detachment (STD). A mineralogical, geochemical and fluid inclusion study of samples from the fault zone of the Malari Granite was performed to reveal the imprints of fluid–rock interaction. Fluid inclusion assemblages observed in the alteration zone indicate the prese ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0145-2

27. Geochemical characteristics of Mesoproterozoic metabasite dykes from the Chhotanagpur Gneissic Terrain, eastern India: Implications for their emplacement in a plate margin tectonic environment

Author:
Rajesh K Srivastava; Anup K Sinha; Suresh Kumar
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 509-523
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; rocks; radiometry; quartz; tectonics; strontium; rare earth elements; melting; plagioclase; India
Abstract:
... A number of mafic intrusive bodies (mostly dykes) are exposed in the Chhotanagpur Gneissic Terrain (CGT). Most dykes trend in ENE–WSW to E–W following major structural trends of the region. These metabasite dykes show granoblastic to grano-nematoblastic textures and contain hornblende, plagioclase, chlorite, quartz and epidote which suggest their metamorphism under amphibolite grade P–T cond ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0172-z

28. Geochemistry of abyssal peridotites from the super slow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge near 65°E: Implications for magma source and seawater alteration

Author:
Zhigang Zeng; Qiaoyun Wang; Xiaomei Wang; Shuai Chen; Xuebo Yin; Zhaoxue Li
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1317-1336
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
talc; geochemistry; Earth system science; lead; strontium; seawater; serpentinite; melting; basalt; barium; magnetite
Abstract:
... The geochemical characteristics of abyssal peridotite samples from one dredge station (27°49.74′S, 65°02.14′E, water depth 4473 m) on the super slow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) near 65°E were investigated. Abyssal peridotites recovered from this site were comprised mainly of lizardite, chlorite, carbonate and magnetite with minor amounts of talc, pyroxene phenocrysts and sparse olivine ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0229-z

29. Geoinformatics for assessing the morphometric control on hydrological response at watershed scale in the Upper Indus Basin

Author:
SHAKIL AHMAD ROMSHOO; SHAKEEL AHMAD BHAT; IRFAN RASHID
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 659-686
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
sediment yield; morphometry; Earth system science; hydrograph; geomorphology; watersheds; rain; land cover; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; runoff; vegetation
Abstract:
... Five watersheds (W1, W2, W3, W4 and W5) in the upper Indus basin were chosen for detailed studies to understand the influences of geomorphology, drainage basin morphometry and vegetation patterns on hydrology. From the morphometric analysis, it is evident that the hydrologic response of these watersheds changes significantly in response to spatial variations in morphometric parameters. Results ind ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0192-8

30. Geomorphological evidences of post-LGM glacial advancements in the Himalaya: A study from Chorabari Glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Author:
MANISH MEHTA; ZAHID MAJEED; D P DOBHAL; PRADEEP SRIVASTAVA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 149-163
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
rivers; Earth system science; luminescence; monsoon season; glaciation; glaciers; valleys; summer; remote sensing; altitude; temperature; India; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... Field geomorphology and remote sensing data, supported by Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating from the Mandakini river valley of the Garhwal Himalaya enabled identification of four major glacial events; Rambara Glacial Stage (RGS) (13 ± 2 ka), Ghindurpani Glacial Stage (GhGS) (9 ± 1 ka), Garuriya Glacial Stage (GGS) (7 ± 1 ka) and Kedarnath Glacial Stage (KGS) (5 ± 1 ka). RGS was ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0155-0

31. Glacier fluctuation using Satellite Data in Beas basin, 1972–2006, Himachal Pradesh, India

Author:
SHRUTI DUTTA; A L RAMANATHAN; ANURAG LINDA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1105-1112
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Landsat; altitude; climate change; glaciers; remote sensing; Himalayan region; India
Abstract:
... Glaciers are widely recognized as sensitive indicators for regional climate change. Very few studies have been conducted to investigate the long term deglaciation status in the Himalaya. In the present study, glaciers in the Beas basin, Himachal Pradesh, India were mapped by interpretation of various glacio-morphological features using the Landsat and IRS images. The mapping of 224 glaciers during ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0219-1

32. Gravimetric geoid of a part of south India and its comparison with global geopotential models and GPS-levelling data

Author:
N SRINIVAS; V M TIWARI; J S TARIAL; S PRAJAPTI; A E MESHRAM; B SINGH; B NAGARAJAN
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 1025-1032
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; models; gravity; statistical analysis; global positioning systems; India
Abstract:
... Precise information of geoid undulations is essential for obtaining the orthometric heights from Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements over any region; apart from providing the information of subsurface density distribution. This paper presents computation of geoid undulations over a part of southern Indian region from terrestrial gravity and elevation data using remove–restore technique ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0205-7

33. Gravity anomalies, crustal structure and rift tectonics at the Konkan and Kerala basins, western continental margin of India

Author:
SHEENA V DEV; M RADHAKRISHNA; SHYAM CHAND; C SUBRAHMANYAM
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 813-822
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
topography; basins; Earth system science; models; tectonics; gravity; India
Abstract:
... Litho-stratigraphic variation of sedimentary units constructed from seismic sections and gravity anomaly in the Konkan and Kerala basins of the western continental margin of India (WCMI) have been used to model processes such as lithospheric rifting mechanism, its strength, and evolution of flank uplift topography that led to the present-day Western Ghats escarpment. Based on the process-oriented ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0186-6

34. Holocene climatic fluctuations from Lower Brahmaputra flood plain of Assam, northeast India

Author:
SWATI DIXIT; S K BERA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 135-147
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Lagerstroemia; Xylaria; trees; pollen; Nigrospora; deciduous forests; Ziziphus; Ludwigia; Melastoma; Shorea robusta; savannas; humid zones; spores; humans; Earth system science; swamps; fruiting bodies; Botryococcus; Areca catechu; fungi; India
Abstract:
... Pollen analysis of a 3.2-m deep sedimentary profile cored from the Dabaka Swamp, Nagaon District, Lower Brahmaputra flood plain, Assam has revealed persistent fluvial activity during 14,120–12,700 cal years BP which may be attributed to the paucity of pollen and spores with encounterance of fluvial marker taxa like Ludwigia octavalvis and Botryococcus. Later, fluvial activity was succeeded by t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0150-5

35. How good are the simulations of tropical SST–rainfall relationship by IPCC AR4 atmospheric and coupled models?

Author:
K RAJENDRAN; RAVI S NANJUNDIAH; SULOCHANA GADGIL; J SRINIVASAN
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 595-610
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
General Circulation Models; cold; monsoon season; oceans; rain; surface water temperature; Indian Ocean
Abstract:
... The failure of atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) forced by prescribed SST to simulate and predict the interannual variability of Indian/Asian monsoon has been widely attributed to their inability to reproduce the actual sea surface temperature (SST)–rainfall relationship in the warm Indo-Pacific oceans. This assessment is based on a comparison of the observed and simulated correlati ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0185-7

36. Hydrochemistry of surface water and groundwater from a fractured carbonate aquifer in the Helwan area, Egypt

Author:
FATHY A ABDALLA; TRAUGOTT SCHEYTT
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 109-124
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
risk; mineralization; water quality; Earth system science; irrigation; sewage; sewage treatment; springs (water); shale; surface water; urban areas; aquifers; limestone; sodium; marl; drinking water; hydrochemistry; groundwater; nitrates; Egypt
Abstract:
... Groundwater is an important water resource in the Helwan area, not only for drinking and agricultural purposes, but also because several famous mineral springs have their origin in the fractured carbonate aquifer of the region. The area is heavily populated with a high density of industrial activities which may pose a risk for groundwater and surface water resources. The groundwater and surface wa ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0140-7

37. Identifying key processes in the hydrochemistry of a basin through the combined use of factor and regression models

Author:
SANDOW MARK YIDANA; BRUCE BANOENG-YAKUBO; PATRICK ASAMOAH SAKYI
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 491-507
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
kaolinite; Earth system science; sulfates; weathering; cluster analysis; chlorides; cations; factor analysis; aquifers; models; physicochemical properties; regression analysis; montmorillonite; hydrochemistry; groundwater; Ghana
Abstract:
... An innovative technique of measuring the intensities of major sources of variation in the hydrochemistry of (ground) water in a basin has been developed. This technique, which is based on the combination of R-mode factor and multiple regression analyses, can be used to measure the degrees of influence of the major sources of variation in the hydrochemistry without measuring the concentrations of t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0163-0

38. Impact of climate change on flood characteristics in Brahmaputra basin using a macro-scale distributed hydrological model

Author:
SHYAMAL GHOSH; SUBASHISA DUTTA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 637-657
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
climate change; climate models; floods; model validation; monsoon season; prediction; probability analysis; rivers; time series analysis
Abstract:
... Being the highest specific discharge river system in the world, the Brahmaputra river experiences a number of long-duration flood waves during the monsoon season annually. In order to assess the flood characteristics at the basin and tributary scales, a physically based macro-scale distributed hydrological model (DHM) has been calibrated and validated for 9 wet years. The model performance has bee ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0181-y

39. Impact of continental meteorology and atmospheric circulation in the modulation of Aerosol Optical Depth over the Arabian Sea

Author:
SANDHYA K NAIR; S SIJIKUMAR; S S PRIJITH
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 263-272
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
atmospheric circulation; wind; meteorology; Earth system science; moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer; aerosols; time series analysis; latitude; summer; Arabian Sea
Abstract:
... Time series analysis of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) derived from NOAA-AVHRR data during the period 1996–1999 and the MODIS data during 2000–2009 over the Arabian Sea revealed a systematic biennial variability in the high AOD during summer months. The variability is more prominent over the northern and central parts of the Arabian Sea and became less significant towards southern latitudes. The ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0157-y

40. Impact of global warming on cyclonic disturbances over south Asian region

Author:
SAVITA PATWARDHAN; ASHWINI KULKARNI; K KRISHNA KUMAR
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 203-210
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
aerosols; atmospheric pressure; climate; climate models; global warming; greenhouse gases; monsoon season; simulation models; storms; sulfates; Arabian Sea; Bay of Bengal; India; Indian Ocean; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... A state-of-the-art regional climate modelling system, known as PRECIS (Providing REgional Climates for Impacts Studies) developed by the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, UK is applied over the Indian domain to investigate the impact of global warming on the cyclonic disturbances such as depressions and storms. The PRECIS simulations at 50 × 50 km horizontal resolution are made ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0139-0

41. Implementation of Polar WRF for short range prediction of weather over Maitri region in Antarctica

Author:
Anupam Kumar; S K Roy Bhowmik; Ananda K Das
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1125-1143
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
wind; sea level; Earth system science; knots; models; model validation; time series analysis; case studies; prediction; Antarctica; India; Antarctic region
Abstract:
... India Meteorological Department has implemented Polar WRF model for the Maitri (lat. 70°45′S, long. 11°44′E) region at the horizontal resolution of 15 km using initial and boundary conditions of the Global Forecast System (GFS T-382) operational at the India Meteorological Department (IMD). Main objective of this paper is to examine the performance skill of the model in the short-range time scale ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0217-3

42. Influences of the boundary layer evolution on surface ozone variations at a tropical rural site in India

Author:
K K REDDY; M NAJA; N OJHA; P MAHESH; S LAL
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 911-922
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
correlation; simulation models; wind; mixing; Earth system science; tropics; photochemistry; urban areas; ozone; detectors; air; rural areas; ultraviolet radiation; India
Abstract:
... Collocated measurements of the boundary layer evolution and surface ozone, made for the first time at a tropical rural site (Gadanki 13.5°N, 79.2°E, 375 m amsl) in India, are presented here. The boundary layer related observations were made utilizing a lower atmospheric wind profiler and surface ozone observations were made using a UV analyzer simultaneously in April month. Daytime average boundar ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0200-z

43. Ionospheric irregularities at Antarctic using GPS measurements

Author:
SUNITA TIWARI; AMIT JAIN; SHIVALIKA SARKAR; SUDHIR JAIN; A K GWAL
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 345-353
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
Earth system science; weather; latitude; global positioning systems; satellites; Antarctic region
Abstract:
... The purpose of this work is to study the behaviour of the ionospheric scintillation at high latitude during geomagnetically quiet and disturbed conditions which is one of the most relevant themes in the space weather studies. Scintillation is a major problem in navigation application using GPS and in satellite communication at high latitudes. Severe amplitude fading and strong scintillation affect ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0168-8

44. Landslide susceptibility analysis using Probabilistic Certainty Factor Approach: A case study on Tevankarai stream watershed, India

Author:
Evangelin Ramani Sujatha; G Victor Rajamanickam; P Kumaravel
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.5 pp. 1337-1350
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
roads; aerial photography; anthropogenic activities; remote sensing; towns; altitude; land use; urbanization; landslides; uncertainty; weathering; population density; drainage; hills; case studies; databases; cartography; Earth system science; soil; lowlands; subwatersheds; geographic information systems; streams; rain; India
Abstract:
... This paper reports the use of a GIS based Probabilistic Certainty Factor method to assess the geo-environmental factors that contribute to landslide susceptibility in Tevankarai Ar sub-watershed, Kodaikkanal. Landslide occurrences are a common phenomenon in the Tevankarai Ar sub-watershed, Kodaikkanal owing to rugged terrain at high altitude, high frequency of intense rainfall and rapidly expandin ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0230-6

45. Late Quaternary fine silt deposits of Jammu, NW Himalaya: Genesis and climatic significance

Author:
RAJINDER K GANJOO; VINOD KUMAR
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.1 pp. 165-182
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
plateaus; river water; silt; climate; soil formation; India; Pakistan; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... The fine silt deposits of Jammu (J & K State, India) stretch all along the Siwalik foothills from Jammu to the Potwar Plateau in Pakistan. The post-Siwalik deposits, first discussed by de Terra and Paterson (1939), are attributed to wind action. The deposits termed as ‘Potwar loessic silt’ comprising sandy silt are essentially of late Quaternary age (75–18 ka) and are re-looked herein from ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-011-0134-x

46. Lime muds and their genesis off-Northwestern India during the late Quaternary

Author:
V PURNACHANDRA RAO; A ANIL KUMAR; S W A NAQVI; ALLAN R CHIVAS; B SEKAR; PRATIMA M KESSARKAR
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.3 pp. 769-779
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
aragonite; cement; climate change; freshwater; gravity; isotopes; sea level; sediments; strontium; India
Abstract:
... Two sediment types were found in five gravity cores collected from water depths between 56 m and 121 m along the northwestern continental margin of India: lime muds were abundant in the lower section while siliciclastic sediments dominated the upper section. Lime mud-dominated sediments in shelf cores contained 60%–75% carbonate, 0.3%–0.6% Sr and terrigenous minerals, whereas those at the sh ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0188-4

47. Lower Oligocene bivalves of Ramanian Stage from Kachchh, Gujarat, India

Author:
R P Kachhara; R L Jodhawat; K Bigyapati Devi
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 405-438
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
paleontology; Pecten; Gastropoda; Echinoidea; Earth system science; reptiles; researchers; streams; corals; mammals; fauna; Ostrea; India; Pakistan
Abstract:
... Marine Oligocene sequences in India outcrop only in western part of Kachchh. Earlier researchers have recognized the Oligocene strata under the Nari Series (Nagappa 1959; Chatterji and Mathur 1966). The Nari Series has a type area in Pakistan. It has two subdivisions – the Lower Nari (Lower Oligocene) and the Upper Nari (Upper Oligocene). It seems that there is no valid proof about the age of th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0176-8

48. Mapping hydrothermal altered mineral deposits using Landsat 7 ETM+ image in and around Kuju volcano, Kyushu, Japan

Author:
Bodruddoza Mia; Yasuhiro Fujimitsu
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.4 pp. 1049-1057
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
hematite; cartography; clay minerals; hot springs; Earth system science; jarosite; goethite; mountains; principal component analysis; least squares; clay; volcanoes; andesite; color; spectral analysis; Landsat; sulfides; Japan
Abstract:
... To evaluate the conventional methods for mapping hydrothermal altered deposits by using Landsat 7 ETM+ image in and around Kuju volcano is the prime target of our study. The Kuju volcano is a mountainous composite which consists of hornblende-andesite lava domes and associated lava flows. We used the colour composite, band ratio, principal component analysis, least square fitting and reference spe ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0211-9

49. Metallogenic epoch of the Jiapigou gold belt, Jilin Province, China: Constrains from rare earth element, fluid inclusion geochemistry and geochronology

Author:
ZHIXIN HUANG; WANMING YUAN; CHANGMING WANG; XIANGWEI LIU; XIAOTONG XU; LIYA YANG
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.6 pp. 1401-1420
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
zirconium; gold; mineralization; geochemistry; Earth system science; granite; models; quartz; tectonics; rare earth elements; mining; China
Abstract:
... The Jiapigou gold belt is located on the northern margin of the North China Craton, and is one of the most important gold-mining and production regions in the circum-Pacific metallogenic zone. Research has been conducted in this area since the 1960s, however, the timing of the gold mineralisation is still unresolved, and an ideal metallogenic model has not been well established. To address these q ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0239-x

50. Mineral chemistry of Pangidi basalt flows from Andhra Pradesh

Author:
P V NAGESWARA RAO; P C SWAROOP; SYED KARIMULLA
Source:
Journal of earth system science 2012 v.121 no.2 pp. 525-536
ISSN:
0253-4126
Subject:
temperature; gases; fractionation; plagioclase; Earth system science; cooling; crystals; glass; semiarid zones; melting; basalt; magnetite; oxygen; India
Abstract:
... This paper elucidates the compositional studies on clinopyroxene, plagioclase, titaniferous magnetite and ilmenite of basalts of Pangidi area to understand the geothermometry and oxybarometry conditions. Petrographic evidence and anorthite content (up to 85%) of plagioclase and temperature estimates of clinopyroxene indicate that the clinopyroxene is crystallized later than or together with plagio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12040-012-0174-x