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Journal of environmental quality
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7986-2014
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2014 v.43 no.4
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- Author:
- Tony J. van der Weerden; Jiafa Luo; Moira Dexter
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1345-1355
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- ammonia; barns; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; dairy cattle; farming systems; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; methane; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; pastures; sawdust; slurries; storage time; straw; winter; New Zealand
- Abstract:
- ... The use of housed wintering systems (e.g., barns) associated with dairy cattle farming is increasing in southern New Zealand. Typically, these wintering systems use straw or a woodmix as bedding material. Ammonia (NH₃) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (nitrous oxide [N₂O] and methane [CH₄]) associated with storage of slurry + bedding material from wintering systems is poorly understood. A field ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.11.0452
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.11.0452
- Author:
- C. Alan Rotz; Felipe Montes; Sasha D. Hafner; Albert J. Heber; Richard H. Grant
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1143-1158
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- ammonia; application methods; barns; climate; dairy farming; dry matter content; farm profitability; farming systems; farms; feeding level; free stalls; grazing; greenhouse gas emissions; leaching; manure storage; mass transfer; milk production; nitrates; pastures; production costs; production technology; simulation models; Northern European region; Pennsylvania
- Abstract:
- ... Ammonia (NH₃) emissions vary considerably among farms as influenced by climate and management. Because emission measurement is difficult and expensive, process-based models provide an alternative for estimating whole farm emissions. A model that simulates the processes of NH₃ formation, speciation, aqueous-gas partitioning, and mass transfer was developed and incorporated in a whole farm simulatio ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.04.0121
- CHORUS:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.04.0121
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.04.0121
- Author:
- D. M. Miles; P. A. Moore; R. T. Burns; J. P. Brooks
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1119-1124
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Pinus; air flow; ammonia; carbon dioxide; flocks; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; nitrous oxide; poultry housing; poultry manure; wood shavings; Mississippi
- Abstract:
- ... Complex variation in gas emissions from animal facilities has been shown in recent research reports. Uncertainties in these emission estimates are driving research activities concerning different animal species across the globe. Greenhouse gas (N₂O and CO₂) and NH₃ concentrations were measured in a modern, tunnel-ventilated, commercial broiler house in Mississippi during five flocks (spanning appr ...
- Handle:
- 10113/59507
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.09.0390
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.09.0390
- Author:
- Caroline A. Davis; Adam S. Ward; Amy J. Burgin; Terrance D. Loecke; Diego A. Riveros-Iregui; Douglas J. Schnoebelen; Craig L. Just; Steven A. Thomas; Larry J. Weber; Martin A. St. Clair
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1494-1503
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- agricultural land; agricultural watersheds; antecedent moisture; base flow; drought; groundwater; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; rain; streams
- Abstract:
- ... Evaluating nitrate-N fluxes from agricultural landscapes is inherently complex due to the wide range of intrinsic and dynamic controlling variables. In this study, we investigate the influence of contrasting antecedent moisture conditions on nitrate-N flux magnitude and dynamics in a single agricultural watershed on intra-annual and rainfall-event temporal scales. High temporal resolution discharg ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.11.0438
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.11.0438
- Author:
- Ayron M. Strauch; Richard A. Mackenzie; Gregory L. Bruland; Ralph Tingley; Christian P. Giardina
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1475-1483
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; climate change; coliform bacteria; fecal bacteria; flooded conditions; forests; indicator species; land cover; land use change; microbial growth; models; pastures; rain; rain intensity; runoff; soil water; storms; stream flow; streams; tropics; urbanization; water potential; water quality; watersheds; Hawaii
- Abstract:
- ... Potential shifts in rainfall driven by climate change are anticipated to affect watershed processes (e.g., soil moisture, runoff, stream flow), yet few model systems exist in the tropics to test hypotheses about how these processes may respond to these shifts. We used a sequence of nine watersheds on Hawaii Island spanning 3000 mm (7500–4500 mm) of mean annual rainfall (MAR) to investigate the eff ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2014.01.0025
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.01.0025
- Author:
- J. D. Garbrecht; X. C. Zhang; J. L. Steiner
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1319-1327
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- air temperature; atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; drought; grazing systems; greenhouse gases; landscapes; models; pastures; risk; uncertainty; water resources; watersheds; Great Plains region; Oklahoma
- Abstract:
- ... Recurring droughts in the Southern Great Plains of the United States are stressing the landscape, increasing uncertainty and risk in agricultural production, and impeding optimal agronomic management of crop, pasture, and grazing systems. The distinct possibility that the severity of recent droughts may be related to a greenhouse-gas induced climate change introduces new challenges for water resou ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.07.0286
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.07.0286
- Author:
- G.M.M.M. Anomaa Senaviratne; Ranjith P. Udawatta; Claire Baffaut; Stephen H. Anderson
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1381-1391
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- bioactive properties; cost effectiveness; environmental assessment; environmental policy; hydrologic models; model validation; nonpoint source pollution; nutrients; rowcrops; runoff; sediment transport; sediments; soil; system optimization; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; uncertainty; watersheds; Missouri
- Abstract:
- ... Hydrologic models are essential tools for environmental assessment of agricultural nonpoint-source pollution. The automatic calibration of hydrologic models, though efficient, demands significant computational power, limiting their application. The study objective was to develop and evaluate a stepwise, multiobjective, multivariable automatic calibration method for the Agricultural Environmental P ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.12.0509
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.12.0509
- Author:
- D. A. Grantz; A. Jackson; H.-B. Vu; K. O. Burkey; M. T. McGrath; G. Harvey
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1460-1466
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- chlorides; cities; groundwater; humans; hydrophilicity; ozone; perchlorates; plant tissues; redox reactions; rural areas; soil; stratosphere; troposphere; vegetation; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Ozone (O₃) is implicated in the natural source inventory of ClO₄⁻, a hydrophilic salt that migrates to groundwater and interferes with the uptake of iodide in mammals, including humans. Tropospheric O₃ is elevated in many urban and some rural areas in the United States and globally. We previously showed that controlled O₃ exposure at near-ambient concentrations (up to 114 nL L⁻¹, 12-h mean) did no ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.11.0464
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.11.0464
- Author:
- Jean L. Steiner; Patrick J. Starks; Jurgen D. Garbrecht; Daniel N. Moriasi; Xunchang Zhang; Jeanne M. Schneider; Jorge A. Guzman; Edward Osei
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1227-1238
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Agricultural Research Service; climate; data collection; decision making; farms; humans; hydrology; infrastructure; issues and policy; land cover; landscapes; markets; risk; rivers; scientists; sediments; water quality; watersheds; weather; Oklahoma
- Abstract:
- ... Water is central to life and earth processes, connecting physical, biological, chemical, ecological, and economic forces across the landscape. The vast scope of hydrologic sciences requires research efforts worldwide and across a wide range of disciplines. While hydrologic processes and scientific investigations related to sustainable agricultural systems are based on universal principles, researc ...
- Handle:
- 10113/60564
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2014.05.0229
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.05.0229
- Author:
- Dalel Abdi; Barbara J. Cade-Menun; Noura Ziadi; Léon-Étienne Parent
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1431-1441
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Mehlich-3 phosphorus; aluminum; bioavailability; crop rotation; drainage; esters; fertilizer application; inorganic phosphorus; magnesium; no-tillage; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; nucleotides; orthophosphates; pH; phosphorus fertilizers; plowing; runoff; soil erosion; soil organic matter; soil profiles; soil sampling; soil treatment; stable isotopes; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; water conservation; Quebec
- Abstract:
- ... Conservation tillage practices have become increasingly common in recent years to reduce soil erosion, improve water conservation, and increase soil organic matter. Research suggests that conservation tillage can stratify soil test phosphorus (P), but little is known about the effects on soil organic P. This study was conducted to assess the long-term effects of tillage practices (no-till [NT] and ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.10.0424
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.10.0424
- Author:
- Allison Rick VandeVoort; Horace Skipper; Yuji Arai
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1424-1430
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- coatings; denitrification; dispersibility; ecosystems; environmental health; nanosilver; polyvinylpyrrolidone; risk assessment; sedimentation rate; sediments; silver; soil; solubility; toxicity
- Abstract:
- ... A large increase in commercial and home use of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) products and technologies has raised concerns about their impact on environmental health. While several sources cite soils and sediments as the predominant sink for AgNPs in natural environments, few studies contribute to risk assessment of AgNPs in terrestrial environments. In this study, the effect of AgNPs ([Ag]ₜₒₜₐₗ: 1–1 ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.12.0524
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.12.0524
- Author:
- Richard W. Todd; Miriam B. Altman; N. Andy Cole; Heidi M. Waldrip
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1125-1130
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; beef cattle; dairy cattle; dietary fiber; dry matter intake; energy intake; feedlots; fermentation; greenhouse gas emissions; inventories; lasers; methane; methane production; models; summer; winter; Texas
- Abstract:
- ... Methane (CH₄) emissions from enteric fermentation by livestock account for about 2.1% of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions, with beef and dairy cattle being the most significant sources. A better understanding of CH₄ emissions from beef cattle feedyards can help build more accurate emission inventories, improve predictive models, and meet potential regulatory requirements. Our objective was to quantif ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.09.0386
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.09.0386
- Author:
- Kyoung S. Ro; Kenneth C. Stone; Melvin H. Johnson; Patrick G. Hunt; Thomas K. Flesch; Richard W. Todd
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1111-1118
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- data collection; grasses; irrigation; landscapes; methane; methane production; sensors (equipment); vector data; waste lagoons; wind
- Abstract:
- ... This study evaluated the impact of gas concentration and wind sensor locations on the accuracy of measuring gas emission rates from a lagoon environment using the backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) inverse-dispersion technique. Path-integrated concentrations (PICs) and three-dimensional (3D) wind vector data were collected at different locations within the lagoon landscape. A floating 45 m × 45 ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.05.0163
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.05.0163
- Author:
- Henry F. Bonifacio; Ronaldo G. Maghirang; Steven L. Trabue; Laura L. McConnell; John H. Prueger; Edna B. Razote
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1131-1142
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- aerodynamics; air; air temperature; beef cattle; eddy covariance; feedlots; friction velocity; hygrometers; particulate emissions; particulates; samplers; sensible heat flux; surface roughness; surface water; water content; Kansas
- Abstract:
- ... Data on air emissions from open-lot beef cattle (Bos taurus) feedlots are limited. This research was conducted to determine fluxes of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM₁₀) from a commercial beef cattle feedlot in Kansas using the flux-gradient technique, a widely used micrometeorological method for air emissions from open sources. Vertical PM₁₀ concentration profiles and mi ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.04.0129er
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.04.0129er
- Author:
- Yuan Liang; Xinde Cao; Ling Zhao; Xiaoyun Xu; Willie Harris
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1504-1509
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- acid deposition; biochar; calcium; calcium chloride; dairy manure; desorption; equations; land application; linear models; magnesium; manure amendments; phosphates; phosphorus; rain; risk; soil amendments; soil properties
- Abstract:
- ... Land application of animal manure often risks excessive phosphorus (P) release into the surrounding water. The aim of this study was to convert the dairy manure into biochar, followed by their application into soil, and then to investigate P release from the manure and its derived biochar as well as from the manure- and biochar-amended soil. The results showed that P release was reduced when the m ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2014.01.0021
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.01.0021
- Author:
- J. M. Powell; C. A. Rotz; M. A. Wattiaux
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1169-1175
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- ammonia; cows; crude protein; dairy farming; dairy manure; dietary protein; excretion; farms; greenhouse gas emissions; herds; milk; milk production; milk secretion; monitoring; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; nutrient intake; production technology; urea nitrogen; Wisconsin
- Abstract:
- ... Urinary urea N (UUN) is the principal nitrogen (N) source controlling emissions of ammonia (NH₃) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) from dairy manure. The objectives of this study were (i) to study the integrative nature of dietary crude protein (CP) management, secretion of milk urea N (MUN), excretion of UUN, and N emissions from dairy production systems; (ii) to evaluate how associative changes in dietary ...
- Handle:
- 10113/62948
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.09.0375
- CHORUS:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.09.0375
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.09.0375
- Author:
- D. N. Moriasi; J. A. Guzman; J. L. Steiner; P. J. Starks; J. D. Garbrecht
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1334-1344
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- conservation practices; data collection; environmental quality; lakes; no-tillage; nutrient management; nutrients; pollution load; riparian buffers; seasonal variation; sediments; spring; subwatersheds; summer; suspended sediment; time series analysis; water quality criteria; winter; Oklahoma
- Abstract:
- ... It is essential to understand sediment and nutrient sources and their spatial and temporal patterns to design effective mitigation strategies. However, long-term data sets to determine sediment and nutrient loadings are scarce and expensive to collect. The goal of this study was to determine seasonal patterns of suspended sediment (SS), total N (TN), and total P (TP) concentrations and loadings fo ...
- Handle:
- 10113/60562
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.11.0478
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.11.0478
- Author:
- Jason L. Garder; Thomas B. Moorman; Michelle L. Soupir
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1484-1493
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Enterococcus; agricultural land; antibiotic resistance; drainage water; enzymes; erythromycin; genes; land application; liquid manure; manure spreading; no-tillage; pig manure; plows; ribosomal RNA; soil; swine; tile drainage; tylosin; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... Land application of manure from tylosin-treated swine introduces tylosin, tylosin-resistant enterococci, and erythromycin resistant rRNA methylase (erm) genes, which confer resistance to tylosin. This study documents the persistence and transport of tylosin-resistant enterococci, erm genes, and tylosin in tile-drained chisel plow and no-till agricultural fields treated with liquid swine manure in ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.09.0379
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.09.0379
19. Upper Washita River Experimental Watersheds: Data Screening Procedure for Data Quality Assurance
- Author:
- Jorge A. Guzman; Ma. L. Chu; Patrick J. Starks; Daniel N. Moriasi; Jean L. Steiner; Christopher A. Fiebrich; Alexandria G. McCombs
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1250-1261
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Agricultural Research Service; air temperature; calibration; data quality; hydrology; models; quality control; rain; relative humidity; rivers; screening; soil temperature; solar radiation; t-test; time series analysis; variance; watersheds; Oklahoma
- Abstract:
- ... The presence of non-stationary conditions in long-term hydrologic observation networks is associated with natural and anthropogenic stressors or network operation problems. Detection and identification of network operation drivers is fundamental in hydrologic investigation due to changes in systematic errors that can exacerbate modeling results or bias research conclusions. We applied a data scree ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.08.0325
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.08.0325
- Author:
- P. J. Starks; C. A. Fiebrich; D. L. Grimsley; J. D. Garbrecht; J. L. Steiner; J. A. Guzman; D. N. Moriasi
- Source:
- Journal of environmental quality 2014 v.43 no.4 pp. 1239-1249
- ISSN:
- 0047-2425
- Subject:
- Agricultural Research Service; agricultural watersheds; climate; conservation practices; environmental quality; equipment; flood control; hydrology; meteorological data; quality control; rivers; soil; soil erosion; Great Plains region; Oklahoma
- Abstract:
- ... Hydrologic, watershed, water resources, and climate-related research conducted by the USDA–ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory (GRL) are rooted in events dating back to the 1930s. In 1960, the 2927-km² Southern Great Plains Research Watershed (SGPRW) was established to study the effectiveness of USDA flood control and soil erosion prevention programs. The size of the SGPRW was scaled back in 1978 ...
- Handle:
- 10113/60553
- DOI:
- 10.2134/jeq2013.08.0312
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.08.0312
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