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1. A coagulation–powdered activated carbon–ultrafiltration – Multiple barrier approach for removing toxins from two Australian cyanobacterial blooms

Author:
Dixon, Mike B.; Richard, Yann; Ho, Lionel; Chow, Christopher W.K.; O’Neill, Brian K.; Newcombe, Gayle
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1553-1559
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Cyanobacteria; activated carbon; adsorption; coagulation; cyanobacterial toxins; drinking water; humans; industry; metabolites; odor compounds; taste; toxicity; ultrafiltration; water quality; South Australia
Abstract:
... Cyanobacteria are a major problem for the world wide water industry as they can produce metabolites toxic to humans in addition to taste and odour compounds that make drinking water aesthetically displeasing. Removal of cyanobacterial toxins from drinking water is important to avoid serious illness in consumers. This objective can be confidently achieved through the application of the multiple bar ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.049

2. Acute toxicity evaluation of explosive wastewater by bacterial bioluminescence assays using a freshwater luminescent bacterium, Vibrio qinghaiensis sp. Nov.

Author:
Ye, Zhengfang; Zhao, Quanlin; Zhang, Mohe; Gao, Yuchen
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1351-1354
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Photobacterium phosphoreum; Vibrio; acute toxicity; adsorption; bacteria; biodegradability; biological treatment; bioluminescence; chemical oxygen demand; freshwater; gas chromatography; high performance liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; pollutants; sulfonates; trinitrotoluene; wastewater
Abstract:
... The compositions of explosive wastewater generated from TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) purification stage were characterized by using UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and gas chromatograph/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The acute toxicity was evaluated by bacterium bioluminescence assay using a freshwater luminescent bacteri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.013

3. Adsorption–desorption properties and characterization of crosslinked Konjac glucomannan-graft-polyacrylamide-co-sodium xanthate

Author:
Wang, Lu-Feng; Duan, Jia-Cai; Miao, Wen-Hua; Zhang, Ruo-Jie; Pan, Si-Yi; Xu, Xiao-Yun
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1681-1686
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Amorphophallus; X-ray diffraction; acrylamides; adsorption; ammonium nitrate; aqueous solutions; copper; crosslinking; desorption; epichlorohydrins; flocculation; hydrogen bonding; microscopy; models; nitric acid; polymers; polysaccharides; sorption isotherms; thermal stability
Abstract:
... A new flocculant, based on Konjac-graft-poly (acrylamide)-co-sodium xanthate (CKAX), was synthesized in aqueous solution using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linker and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as the initiator. X-ray diffraction indicated the existence of strong interaction between KGM and reactant, including intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Microscopy images exhibited th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.055

4. Adsorption dynamics of trichlorofluoromethane in activated carbon fiber beds

Author:
Zhang, Xiaoping; Zhao, Xin; Hu, Jiaqi; Wei, Chaohai; Bi, Hsiaotao T.
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1816-1822
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
activated carbon; adsorption; chlorofluorocarbons; dynamic models; emissions; mass transfer; sorption isotherms; vapors
Abstract:
... Adsorption on carbon fixed-beds is considered as an inexpensive and highly effective way for controlling chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) emissions. In the present work, a dynamic model under constant-pattern wave conditions has been developed to predict the breakthrough behavior of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) adsorption in a fixed bed packed with activated carbon fibers (ACFs). The adsorption of CF ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.064

5. Adsorption of chromium(III), mercury(II) and lead(II) ions onto 4-aminoantipyrine immobilized bentonite

Author:
Wang, Qihui; Chang, Xijun; Li, Dandan; Hu, Zheng; Li, Ruijun; He, Qun
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1076-1081
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
detection limit; aqueous solutions; mercury; lead; hydrochloric acid; thiourea; pH; chromium; bentonite; metal ions; adsorption
Abstract:
... In this work, the immobilization of 4-aminoantipyrine onto bentonite was carried out and it was then used to investigate the adsorption behavior of Cr(III), Hg(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The separation and preconcentration conditions of analytes were investigated, including effects of pH, the shaking time, the sample flow rate and volume, the elution condition and the interfering ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.107

6. Adsorption of chromium(VI) and Rhodamine B by surface modified tannery waste: Kinetic, mechanistic and thermodynamic studies

Author:
Anandkumar, J.; Mandal, B.
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1088-1096
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; ammonium compounds; aqueous solutions; biomass; calcium; chromium; hydrochloric acid; ions; leather tanning; models; pH; sodium; sorption isotherms; surface area; tanneries; tannery waste; temperature; thermodynamics; vegetables; wastewater
Abstract:
... In this study, various activation methods have been employed to examine the potential reuse of tannery residual biomass (TRB) obtained from vegetable tanning process for the removal of Cr(VI) and Rhodamine B (RB) from aqueous solution. The maximum BET surface area (10.42m²/g), honey comb pore distribution and uptake of both Cr(VI) and RB were achieved when only 3-fold volume of HCl was used to act ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.104

7. Adsorption of fluoride by waste iron oxide: The effects of solution pH, major coexisting anions, and adsorbent calcination temperature

Author:
Huang, Yao-Hui; Shih, Yu-Jen; Chang, Chia-Chi
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1355-1359
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; anions; fluidized beds; goethite; hematite; pH; surface area; temperature
Abstract:
... In this study, a waste iron oxide material (BT3), which is a by-product of the fluidized-bed Fenton reaction (FBR-Fenton), was thermally treated between 200 and 900°C and was used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of fluoride ions in an aqueous system. The highest fluoride adsorption capacity occurred at the termination of the BT3 goethite dehydroxylation phase at about 300°C calcination w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.025

8. Adsorption performance of VOCs in ordered mesoporous silicas with different pore structures and surface chemistry

Author:
Dou, Baojuan; Hu, Qin; Li, Jinjun; Qiao, Shizhang; Hao, Zhengping
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1615-1624
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
adsorption; benzene; hydrophobicity; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Ordered mesoporous silicas with different pore structures, including SBA-15, MCM-41, MCM-48 and KIT-6, were functionalized with phenyltriethoxysilane by a post-synthesis grafting approach. It was found that phenyl groups were covalently anchored onto the surface of mesoporous silicas, and the long-range ordering of the mesoporous channels was well retained after the surface functionalization. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.051

9. Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using collagen-tannin resin

Author:
Sun, Xia; Huang, Xin; Liao, Xue-pin; Shi, Bi
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1058-1063
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Acacia mearnsii; adsorbents; adsorption; aqueous solutions; collagen; copper; models; nitric acid; pH; sorption isotherms; temperature; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... The collagen-tannin resin (CTR), as a novel adsorbent, was prepared via a reaction of collagen with black wattle tannin and aldehyde, and its adsorption properties to Cu(II) were systematically investigated, including pH effect, adsorption equilibrium, adsorption kinetics, and column adsorption. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II) on CTR was pH-dependent, and it increased with the increase of soluti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.098

10. A new method of comprehensive utilization of rice husk

Author:
Li, Ying; Ding, Xuefeng; Guo, Yupeng; Rong, Chunguang; Wang, Lili; Qu, Yuning; Ma, Xiaoyu; Wang, Zichen
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 2151-2156
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
activated carbon; adsorption; electrochemistry; hydrolysis; rice hulls; silica; sulfuric acid; surface area; temperature; xylan; xylose
Abstract:
... Rice husk is an abundant agricultural byproduct. The research on comprehensive utilization of rice husk to prepare xylose, activated carbon and silica was carried out. The hydrolysis conditions of xylan in rice husk to produce xylose were as follows: the concentration of H₂SO₄ was 3.6% (wt.%), the temperature was 100°C, the ratio of rice husk mass (g) to H₂SO₄ solution (ml) was 1:5 and the time wa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.01.013

11. Arsenate adsorption and desorption kinetics on a Fe(III)-modified montmorillonite

Author:
Luengo, Carina; Puccia, Virginia; Avena, Marcelo
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1713-1719
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
adsorption; arsenic; desorption; ferrihydrite; goethite; half life; iron; mixing; montmorillonite; pH
Abstract:
... The adsorption–desorption kinetics of arsenate on a Fe(III)-modified montmorillonite (Fe-M) was studied at different arsenate concentrations, pH and stirring rates. The synthesized solid was a porous sample with Fe(III) present as a mix of monomeric and polymeric Fe(III) species in the interlayer and on the external surface. Adsorption took place in a two-step mechanism, with an initial fast bindi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.074

12. Characterization and application of Ti-containing mesoporous silica for dye removal with synergistic effect of coupled adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation

Author:
Huang, Chih-Hung; Chang, Kai-Ping; Ou, Hong-De; Chiang, Yu-Chun; Chang, E.-E.; Wang, Chu-Fang
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1174-1182
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; adsorbents; adsorption; aqueous solutions; carbon; methylene blue; nitrogen; oxidation; photolysis; scanning electron microscopy; silica; simulation models; sorption isotherms; synergism; titanium; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Highly ordered mesoporous silica, Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15), and titanium-substituted mesoporous silica (TiSBA-15) materials were successfully synthesized, characterized, and evaluated. The textual and structural properties of the prepared materials with various titanium contents were characterized by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.125

13. Characterization of magnetic soluble starch-functionalized carbon nanotubes and its application for the adsorption of the dyes

Author:
Chang, Peter R.; Zheng, Pengwu; Liu, Baoxiang; Anderson, Debbie P.; Yu, Jiugao; Ma, Xiaofei
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 2144-2150
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; adsorbents; adsorption; aqueous solutions; biocompatibility; carbon nanotubes; hydrophilicity; iron oxides; methyl orange; methylene blue; nanoparticles; starch; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopes; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Soluble starch-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube composites (MWCNT-starch) were prepared to improve the hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of MWCNTs. Characterization of the MWCNT-starch by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), showed tha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.119

14. Defluoridation from aqueous solutions by nano-alumina: Characterization and sorption studies

Author:
Kumar, Eva; Bhatnagar, Amit; Kumar, Umesh; Sillanpää, Mika
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1042-1049
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; adsorption; aluminum oxide; anions; aqueous solutions; models; pH; phosphates; scanning electron microscopy; sorption isotherms; temperature
Abstract:
... The present study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of nano-alumina (Al₂O₃) for fluoride adsorption from aqueous solutions. The nature and morphology of pure and fluoride-sorbed nano-alumina were characterized by SEM with EDX, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Batch adsorption studies were performed as a function of contact time, initial fluoride concentration, temperature, pH and influence of compe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.102

15. Different solvents for the regeneration of the exhausted activated carbon used in the treatment of coking wastewater

Author:
Guo, Dongsheng; Shi, Qiantao; He, Binbin; Yuan, Xiaoying
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1788-1793
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
activated carbon; adsorption; desorption; drying; drying temperature; esters; ethyl ether; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; methylene chloride; sodium; solvents; wastewater
Abstract:
... The solvents n-pentane, methylene dichloride, ethyl ether and dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid sodium were used to regenerate exhausted activated carbon used in the process of treating coking wastewater, and the efficiency, ability, and optimum conditions of the different solvents on this regeneration were investigated. The results indicate that n-pentane could effectively remove refractory organic co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.068

16. Effect of PAC addition on immersed ultrafiltration for the treatment of algal-rich water

Author:
Zhang, Yan; Tian, Jiayu; Nan, Jun; Gao, ShanShan; Liang, Heng; Wang, Meilian; Li, Guibai
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1415-1424
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Microcystis aeruginosa; activated carbon; adsorption; carbohydrates; fouling; hydrophilicity; light intensity; microcystins; molecular weight; organic matter; poly(vinyl chloride); proteins; ultrafiltration
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition on the treatment of algal-rich water by immersed ultrafiltration (UF), in terms of permeate quality and membrane fouling. Experiments were performed with a hollow-fiber polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane at a laboratory scale, 20–25°C and 10L/(m²h) constant permeate flux. UF could achieve an absol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.015

17. Factorial design analysis for sorption of zinc on hydroxyapatite

Author:
Meski, S.; Ziani, S.; Khireddine, H.; Boudboub, S.; Zaidi, S.
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1007-1017
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; adsorbents; adsorption; analysis of variance; aqueous solutions; calcium; computer software; experimental design; hydroxyapatite; ion exchange; models; sorption isotherms; temperature; zinc
Abstract:
... A factorial design was employed to evaluate the quantitative removal of zinc from aqueous solutions on synthesized hydroxyapatite. The experimental factors and their respective levels studied were the initial zinc concentration in solution (35≤CZₙ≤85mg/L), adsorbent dosage (4.5≤Cₛᵤₛₚ≤9.5g/L), Ca/P molar ratio (1.667≤Ca/P≤2) and calcination temperature of hydroxyapatite (600≤TCₐₗ≤800°C). The adsorp ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.087

18. Fluoride adsorption studies on mixed-phase nano iron oxides prepared by surfactant mediation-precipitation technique

Author:
Mohapatra, M.; Rout, K.; Singh, P.; Anand, S.; Layek, S.; Verma, H.C.; Mishra, B.K.
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1751-1757
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; absorption; adsorbents; adsorption; anions; chlorides; ferrihydrite; goethite; hematite; pH; surfactants; temperature; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Mixed nano iron oxides powder containing goethite (α-FeOOH), hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) and ferrihydrite (Fe₅HO₈·4H₂O) was synthesized through surfactant mediation-precipitation route using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The X-ray diffraction, FTIR, TEM, Mössbauer spectroscopy were employed to characterize the sample. These studies confirmed the nano powder contained 77% goethite, 9% hematite and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.076

19. Laser induced photocatalytic degradation of hazardous dye (Safranin-O) using self synthesized nanocrystalline WO₃

Author:
Hayat, K.; Gondal, M.A.; Khaled, M.M.; Yamani, Z.H.; Ahmed, S.
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1226-1233
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
energy; azo dyes; nanocrystals; photocatalysis; lighting; pH; irradiation; photocatalysts; photooxidation; adsorption
Abstract:
... The photocatalytic degradation of Safranin-O (known as Basic Red 2) in water using locally synthesized nanocrystalline WO₃ as a photocatalyst was investigated under UV laser irradiation. The photo-oxidation removal of the dye was monitored by UV–vis spectrophotometer. The blank experiments for either laser irradiated only Safranin-O solution or the suspension containing WO₃ and Safranin-O in the d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.133

20. Mechanism of adsorption of anionic dye from aqueous solutions onto organobentonite

Author:
Ma, Jianfeng; Cui, Bingying; Dai, Juan; Li, Dinglong
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.186 no.2-3 pp. 1758-1765
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; adsorbents; adsorption; aqueous solutions; bentonite; dyes; surfactants; wastewater
Abstract:
... Organobentonite is suggested as potential super-sorbents for the removal of dyes from wastewater. All kinds of organobentonites are synthesized to adsorb dyes; however, the mechanism of the adsorption is still unclear. In this paper, organobentonites were first modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide at various amounts to reveal the adsorption mechanism. Subsequently, four kinds of organo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.073