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cotton; insect behavior; flowering; insect pests; Miridae; monitoring; trapping; host plants; males; fruit trees; females; adults; China
Abstract:
... In past decades, the mirid bug Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae) has become the key insect pest of cotton, many fruit trees, and other host crops in China. In this study, we investigated the behavioral responses of A. lucorum adults to olfactory cues associated with cotton plants and visual cues (green, red, and yellow light-emitting diodes [LED]), presented either singly or simultaneously. In ...
... It is empirically well known that adults of both sexes of the Japanese rhinoceros beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus septentrionalis (Kôno) copulate repeatedly under laboratory conditions. However, details of the fertilization success of respective males involved in multiple mating are unknown. To determine the degree of sperm displacement in successive mating in this beetle species, we conducted a male ...
... In contrast to many crickets and katydids, adult male camel crickets (Orthoptera: Raphidophoridae) do not stridulate and do not produce audible air-borne calling songs to attract females for mating. The mating behavior of most camel cricket species is undescribed; how pair-formation occurs is unknown, but chemical cues seem one likely possibility. In the camel cricket Pristoceuthophilus marmoratus ...
insect behavior; probability; Megacopta cribraria; males; glass; wind speed; insects; females; adults; Asia; United States
Abstract:
... The kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius), is native to Asia but recently invaded the US and is expanding its distribution rapidly. To assess the probability of this bug traveling by attaching to the exteriors of fast-moving vehicles, we investigated the ability of M. cribraria adults to cling to stages with different surfaces (cloth, metal, or glass) against extreme airflows in a transparent ...
... In South Africa, Thaumatotibia leucotreta is a key pest of citrus impacting its production and trade. Detection of newly infested fruit by visual inspection is challenging and poses a risk of packing infested with healthy fruit for export. Agathis bishopi is a larval endoparasitoid of T. leucotreta, attacking early larval instars. Understanding how A. bishopi parasitoids locate fruit infested with ...
... Among Tephritidae flies, the females display agonistic behavior to maintain single oviposition sites and reduce larval competition for food. In the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, female-female aggressive interactions are characterized by reciprocal wing waving, chasing, head butting and boxing with forelegs. Little is known on tephritid aggressive behaviors directed towards natural enemies, wi ...
... Male-male competition is recognized as a potent force of sexual selection. When intra-sexual competition is strong then selection theory predicts that alternative male phenotypes will evolve. Circellium bacchus is a large, hornless, ball-rolling dung beetle with extensive variation in size and subject to intense male-male contest competition. We proposed that small male C. bacchus, which are unlik ...
... The adaptation to alternate host plants of introduced herbivorous insects can be vital to agriculture due to the emergence of crop pests. Historically, it is assumed that there are trade-offs associated with the adaptation to new host plants; a generalist genotype that adapts to an alternate host is expected to have a relatively lower fitness on the ancestral host than a specialist genotype (physi ...
... Video-recordings were made of adult spotted lanternflies, Lycorma delicatula, taking flight from apple trees in an orchard in northeast Pennsylvania in September, 2017 during a mass dispersal flight event involving thousands of adults. The trajectories of adults flying upwind in straight and level or gradually descending flight allowed them to traverse only up to ca. 40 m in a single flight-bout. ...
tibia; scanning electron microscopes; face; imagos; integument; Cicadellidae
Abstract:
... Anointing and grooming behaviors of the adult of Singapora shinshana (Matsumura) (Erythroneurini), Empoascanara (Empoascanara) mai Dworakowska (Erythroneurini), Austroasca vittata (Lethierry) (Empoascini), and Limassolla diospyri Chou et Ma (Zyginellini) were recorded and analysed. Through observation and analysis of their anointing and grooming, we found that there is a preparation stage before a ...
Solifugae; Viperidae; adults; body size; females; habitats; juveniles; males; stridulation
Abstract:
... Stridulation in solifuges has not been investigated yet. We performed a comparative analysis of the stridulatory organs and sounds produced by juveniles of various developmental stages and adults (both sexes) of Galeodes caspius subfuscus Birula. The stridulatory organ is of similar morphology in all developmental stages. The sound that they produced was a broad frequency hissing, composed of one ...
Opiliones; adults; aggression; branches; courtship; females; forests; habitat preferences; insect behavior; leaves; legs; males; natural history; plant litter; population size; rain; surveys; tree trunk; Costa Rica
Abstract:
... Relatively little is known about the natural history of the cosmetid harvestmen that inhabit the forests of Central America. The primary objective of this study was to investigate habitat use among adult Cynorta marginalis. In the field, we established 15 transects (40 m in length) and sampled them repeatedly in the morning (0830–1100 h) and evening (1800–2300 h). During 45 morning and 35 evening ...
... The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera:Liviidae), vector of huanglongbing disease, displays a high degree of color polyphenism. In the adult stage, ACP exhibits abdominal colors that can be separated into three color groupings: blue-green, grey-brown and orange-yellow. Color morphology has been shown to influence important and energetically costly psyllid life traits including ...
... The behavioral response of the larval parasitoid Spintherus dubius (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to volatile compounds derived from its Apion weevil hosts was investigated in two-choice bioassays. Odor source candidates were the larval and adult stages of weevils, clover flowers, and feces from adult weevils. Despite S. dubius being a larval parasitoid, the odor of weevil larvae isolated from the cl ...
... The grape weevil, Naupactus xanthographus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a polyphagous insect which is a cause of important damage to several economically relevant crops, including grape (Vitis vinifera) and avocado (Persea americana), in several countries of Latin America. The larvae cause damage to the roots and rootlets of plants, and adults feed on leaves of their host plant. Despite i ...
... Phototactic responses of Liriomyza trifolii adults to six different light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were investigated, and their responses were compared to that using a luring lamp (BLB) under laboratory conditions. Based on the attraction rate under optimal light conditions, the green LED (520 [plus or minus] 5 nm) showed the highest attraction rate (99.7 %), followed by the yellow LED (590 [plus or ...
... The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) is an important pest because it transmits a bacterium putatively responsible for huanglongbing, a devastating citrus disease. Research on ACP chemical ecology is of interest with respect to identifying attractants and repellents for managing the psyllid. We report on an assay for investigating ACP attraction to the foliar odor of one of its host plants, orange jasmin ...
... Diaphorina citri is a major pest of citrus because it transmits Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, a phloem-limited bacterium that putatively causes Huanglongbing (HLB). The disease moves slowly through a tree, and the vector facilitates further within-tree movement via transmission of the pathogen. However, this only happens when D. citri stylets contact the phloem, to inoculate bacteria during p ...
... Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is an effective idiobiont ectoparasitoid of the psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), vector of the huanglongbing (HLB). We examined the olfactory responses of T. radiata to volatiles emanating from D. citri or plant volatiles using a custom designed T-maze olfactometer and open arena bioassays. We also examined the behavior ...
... The lesser mealworm beetle (LMW), Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is a serious pest in poultry production facilities world-wide and is difficult to control by conventional means. Pheromone-based tools might become useful in the management of this species. Male LMW emit a five-component pheromone consisting of, (R)-(+)-limonene, (E)-β-ocimene, (S)-(+)-linalool, (R)-(+)-daucene, and 2-nonanone. Thr ...