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1. A Li–O₂ battery cathode with vertical mass/charge transfer pathways

Author:
Huang, Zhaoming; Deng, Zhe; Shen, Yue; Chen, Wanqi; Liu, Wei; Xie, Meilan; Li, Yankai; Huang, Yunhui
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3000-3005
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
batteries; cathodes; cotton; diffusivity; electrochemistry; electron transfer; electrons; energy; energy density; ions; oxygen
Abstract:
... As a candidate for next generation energy storage devices, the Li–O₂ battery (LOB) has been extensively studied in the last decade because of its ultrahigh theoretical energy density (≈3500 W h kg⁻¹) and inexhaustible “cathode material”—oxygen. Unlike other batteries with a closed configuration, the discharge/charge process of the LOB involves complicated electrochemical reactions at multi-phase i ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ta00017h

2. A metal–organic framework film with a switchable anodic and cathodic behaviour in a photo-electrochemical cell

Author:
Ifraemov, Raya; Shimoni, Ran; He, Wenhui; Peng, Guiming; Hod, Idan
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3046-3053
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
coordination polymers; electrodes; electrolytes; hydrogen production; photocatalysis; solar energy; surface area; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... Photo-active metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as promising materials for the study of photo-electrochemical cells (PECs). They can be utilized as porous, high surface area scaffolds for the assembly of molecular chromophores atop semiconducting electrodes. Usually, however, the lack of prominent electronic interactions between adjacent MOF-installed chromophores impedes the developme ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta10483b

3. A metal–organic framework with suitable pore size and dual functionalities for highly efficient post-combustion CO₂ capture

Author:
Wen, Hui-Min; Liao, Caijun; Li, Libo; Alsalme, Ali; Alothman, Zeid; Krishna, Rajamani; Wu, Hui; Zhou, Wei; Hu, Jun; Chen, Banglin
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3128-3134
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; carbon dioxide; coordination polymers; copper; energy; flue gas; heat; liquids; methane; neutrons; nitrogen; porosity; porous media
Abstract:
... Capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂) from flue gases with porous materials has been considered as a viable alternative technology to replace traditional liquid amine adsorbents. A large number of microporous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been developed as CO₂-capturing materials. However, it is challenging to target materials with both extremely high CO₂ capture capacity and gas selectivity (so-c ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11596f

4. Bio-derived 3D TiO₂ hollow spheres with a mesocrystal nanostructure to achieve improved electrochemical performance of Na-ion batteries in ether-based electrolytes

Author:
Yang, Rongrong; Sun, Lanju; Liu, Wei; Zhang, Yuan; Cui, Yongpeng; Du, Yongxiu; Liu, Shuang; Wang, Huanlei; Huang, Minghua
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3399-3407
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
anodes; batteries; electrochemistry; electrolytes; energy; nanomaterials; porosity; porous media; sodium; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... On the way to pursue advanced energy storage cells, an ingenious design and exquisite structure of electrode materials are key to success. In this work, we rationally prepared a unique mesocrystal TiO₂ hollow sphere with a mesoporous shell by employing sulfonated-squid ink as templates. This is the first mesocrystal example with a hollow and porous sphere-like scaffold, which contributes to the sy ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ta00334g

5. Bioinspired pomegranate-like microflowers confining core-shell binary NiₓSy nanobeads for efficient supercapacitors exhibiting a durable lifespan exceeding 100 000 cycles

Author:
Yang, Cheng; Shi, Minjie; Tian, Yuyu; Yang, Jun; Song, Xuefeng; Zhao, Liping; Liu, Jing; Zhang, Peng; Gao, Lian
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3432-3442
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
capacitance; electrochemistry; electronics; energy density; graphene; nanoparticles; nickel; pomegranates; solar energy
Abstract:
... Inspired by the structure of pomegranates, an intriguing pomegranate-like microflower (PM-NiₓSy) confining core–shell binary nickel sulfide (β-NiS/Ni₃S₄) nanobeads has been constructed for the first time, which contributes to breaking through the bottleneck of poor cycle performance for nickel sulfide-based supercapacitors (SCs). The PM-NiₓSy microflowers possess an open nano–micro-structure, in w ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11489g

6. Charge carrier dynamics in tantalum oxide overlayered and tantalum doped hematite photoanodes

Author:
Ruoko, Tero-Petri; Hiltunen, Arto; Iivonen, Tomi; Ulkuniemi, Riina; Lahtonen, Kimmo; Ali-Löytty, Harri; Mizohata, Kenichiro; Valden, Mika; Leskelä, Markku; Tkachenko, Nikolai V.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3206-3215
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
capacitance; chemistry; dielectric spectroscopy; electric current; electric potential difference; hematite; irradiation; light; tantalum oxide
Abstract:
... We employ atomic layer deposition to prepare 50 nm thick hematite photoanodes followed by passivating them with a 0.5 nm thick Ta₂O₅-overlayer and compare them with samples uniformly doped with the same amount of tantalum. We observe a three-fold improvement in photocurrent with the same onset voltage using Ta-overlayer hematite photoanodes, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under visib ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta09501a

7. Charge carrier transport dynamics in W/Mo-doped BiVO₄: first principles-based mesoscale characterization

Author:
Pasumarthi, Viswanath; Liu, Taifeng; Dupuis, Michel; Li, Can
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3054-3065
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
density functional theory; diffusivity; electrodes; electron transfer; electrons; energy; molybdenum; tungsten; vanadium
Abstract:
... We present mesoscale characterization of carrier transport in W/Mo-doped ms-BiVO₄ (BVO) to supplement our earlier study of electron and hole transport in bulk BVO. The mesoscale kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) approach, supported by first principles-determined electron and hole hopping rates, captures the complex dynamics of electron carriers arising from light absorption and from metal doping. The comp ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta09899a

8. Controlled growth of CdS–Cu₂₋ₓS lateral heteroshells on Au nanoparticles with improved photocatalytic activity and photothermal efficiency

Author:
Ma, Song; Chen, Kai; Qiu, Yun-Hang; Gong, Li-Li; Pan, Gui-Min; Lin, Yong-Jie; Hao, Zhong-Hua; Zhou, Li; Wang, Qu-Quan
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3408-3414
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
gold; information processing; nanogold; photocatalysis; photothermotherapy; semiconductors; sulfides
Abstract:
... Substantial effort has been devoted to synthesizing plasmonic metal/semiconductor heteronanostructures with controlled morphology owing to their excellent performance ranging from photocatalysis to optical information processing. However, growing semiconductor heterojunctions with both counterparts in direct contact with the plasmonic metal nanostructures remains challenging. Herein, we report a t ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11154e

9. Correlating lattice distortions, ion migration barriers, and stability in solid electrolytes

Author:
Kim, Kwangnam; Siegel, Donald J.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3216-3227
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
batteries; chemistry; electrolytes; models; potential energy; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... The emergence of solid electrolytes with ionic conductivities comparable to that of liquids has improved the prospects for realizing solid-state batteries. Although a small number of ionically-conducting solids are now known, most exhibit shortcomings such as limited interfacial stability and susceptibility to dendrite penetration. Consequently, the discovery of alternative solid electrolytes rema ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta10989c

10. 3D core–shell porous-structured Cu@Sn hybrid electrodes with unprecedented selective CO₂-into-formate electroreduction achieving 100%

Author:
Hou, Xiaofan; Cai, Yixiao; Zhang, Dan; Li, Lv; Zhang, Xia; Zhu, Zidi; Peng, Luwei; Liu, Yuyu; Qiao, Jinli
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3197-3205
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
carbon dioxide; catalysts; copper; electrochemistry; electrodes; electrolysis; equations; formates; fuels; hydrogen; hydrogen production; mass transfer; potassium bicarbonate; renewable energy sources; surface area; tin
Abstract:
... Cu-based catalysts are exceptionally advantageous for the electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) to fuels and chemical products utilizing clean and renewable energy. However, most tend to yield a diversity of hydrocarbon products along with the H₂ evolution side reaction. We reveal how a 3D core–shell porous-structured Cu@Sn hybrid electrode can lead to an unprecedented selective CO₂ elect ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta10650a

11. Direct solar-to-hydrogen generation by quasi-artificial leaf approach: possibly scalable and economical device

Author:
Patra, Kshirodra Kumar; Bharad, Pradnya Arunrao; Jain, Vanshika; Gopinath, Chinnakonda S.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3179-3189
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
alloys; electrochemistry; electrons; hydrogen; hydrogen production; leaves; resorption; spectroscopy; white light
Abstract:
... Often, a disadvantage in one area of science may become an advantage in another area. In contrast, a successful concept in one area could work for a complementary area of research too. These two philosophies have been successfully used for solar hydrogen generation and they underscore the necessity to connect relevant concepts. We, herein, report a quasi-artificial leaf (QuAL) device in a wireless ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11307f

12. Direct synthesis of porous graphitic carbon sheets grafted on carbon fibers for high-performance supercapacitors

Author:
Zhang, Xiaohua; Li, Hengxiang; Qin, Bing; Wang, Qun; Xing, Xiaohan; Yang, Donghua; Jin, Li'e; Cao, Qing
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3298-3306
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
capacitance; carbon fibers; carbonization; cellulosic fibers; electrical conductivity; electrolytes; energy density; glucose; graphene; iron; micropores; potassium hydroxide; sodium sulfate; surface area; synergism
Abstract:
... Biomass-derived carbon with a high specific surface area, appropriate micropore size, and excellent electrical conductivity is desirable for supercapacitor applications. Herein, porous graphitic carbon sheets (CS) grafted on cellulose fibers (CFs) were fabricated by carbonization of glucose and CFs with the aid of a green activating–graphitizing agent K₃[Fe(C₂O₄)₃]. In addition to having a sheet-l ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11844b

13. Energy level-modulated non-fullerene small molecule acceptors for improved VOC and efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells

Author:
Liu, Xiaohui; Li, Xiaodong; Zou, Yang; Liu, He; Wang, Lei; Fang, Junfeng; Yang, Chuluo
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3336-3343
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
electric potential difference; electron transfer; hydrophobicity; solar cells
Abstract:
... The electron transport layer (ETL) plays a significant role in advancing the high efficiency and stability of solution-processed perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Here, three commercialized n-type non-fullerene small molecule acceptors (IT-4X) with modulated energy levels are introduced as excellent alternative ETLs to replace the commonly used fullerene-based ETL in planar inverted PVSCs. The best- ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta12028e

14. Enhanced cycling stability of boron-doped lithium-rich layered oxide cathode materials by suppressing transition metal migration

Author:
Sun, Zhenhe; Xu, Lingqun; Dong, Caiqiao; Zhang, Hongtao; Zhang, Mingtao; Liu, Yiyang; Zhou, Ying; Han, Yu; Chen, Yongsheng
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3375-3383
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; anodes; boron; cathodes; chemical bonding; electric potential difference; energy density; lithium batteries; manganese; metal ions
Abstract:
... Lithium-rich layered oxide (LLO) has been considered as an attractive candidate due to its high capacitive performance. However, its practical applications are hindered by voltage/capacity fading, low initial coulombic efficiency, and non-negligible Mn²⁺ dissolution. Herein, we have prepared boron-doped LLO (LLO@LBO) with excellent cycle/voltage retention and improved initial coulombic efficiency ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta10786f

15. Enhanced thermoelectric performance of higher manganese silicides by shock-induced high-density dislocations

Author:
Gao, Zhipeng; Xiong, Zhengwei; Li, Jun; Lu, Chengjia; Zhang, Ganghua; Zeng, Tao; Ma, Yongjun; Ma, Guohua; Zhang, Ruizhi; Chen, Kan; Zhang, Tao; Liu, Yi; Yang, Jia; Cao, Linhong; Jin, Ke
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3384-3390
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
alloys; brittleness; manganese; nanomaterials; plastic deformation; temperature; thermal conductivity
Abstract:
... Minimization of the lattice thermal conductivity (κL) in thermoelectric (TE) materials is a widely applied strategy to improve the thermoelectric performance of these materials. Dislocations have been demonstrated to be effective in scattering the mid-frequency phonons, which can dramatically reduce the κL in combination with the nanostructures and point defects. Generally, plastic deformation is ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11292d

16. Enhancing photovoltaic performance by tuning the domain sizes of a small-molecule acceptor by side-chain-engineered polymer donors

Author:
Lin, Yu-Che; Lu, Yi-Ju; Tsao, Cheng-Si; Saeki, Akinori; Li, Jia-Xing; Chen, Chung-Hao; Wang, Hao-Cheng; Chen, Hsiu-Cheng; Meng, Dong; Wu, Kaung-Hsiung; Yang, Yang; Wei, Kung-Hwa
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3072-3082
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
artificial intelligence; chemistry; energy transfer; polymers; small-angle X-ray scattering; solar energy
Abstract:
... This paper reports two new fluorine-substituted polymer donors (BO2FC8, BO2FEH), with different side-chain architectures, and a new chlorine-substituted small-molecule acceptor (m-ITIC-OR-4Cl) that are capable of simultaneous charge and energy transfer as the binary blend active layer for organic photovoltaics. We first resolved the single-crystal structure of m-ITIC-OR-4Cl and then used simultane ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11059j

17. Ethanolamine-assisted low-temperature crystallization of hydroxide nanoparticle ink into transparent and conductive ITO layers

Author:
Liu, Yujing; Moser, Thierry; Andres, Christian; Gorjan, Lovro; Remhof, Arndt; Clemens, Frank; Graule, Thomas; Tiwari, Ayodhya N.; Romanyuk, Yaroslav E.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3083-3089
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
absorption; crystallization; ethanolamine; indium; moieties; nanoparticles; tin; transmittance; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Low-temperature crystallization is desired for achieving solution processable transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers. Here we demonstrate a low-temperature crystallization of tin doped indium oxide (ITO) layers by taking preformed indium-tin hydroxide nanoparticles as the precursor and applying surface modification with ethanolamine on the as-prepared layers. Surface modification with ethanolam ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta09891c

18. Evidence for surface defect passivation as the origin of the remarkable photostability of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells employing aminovaleric acid as a processing additive

Author:
Lin, Chieh-Ting; De Rossi, Francesca; Kim, Jinhyun; Baker, Jenny; Ngiam, Jonathan; Xu, Bob; Pont, Sebastian; Aristidou, Nicholas; Haque, Saif A.; Watson, Trystan; McLachlan, Martyn A.; Durrant, James R.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3006-3011
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
additives; air; ammonium; carbon; electrodes; glass; lead; lighting; oxygen; photobleaching; photoluminescence; photostability; solar cells; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... This study addresses the cause of enhanced stability of methyl ammonium lead iodide when processed with aminovaleric acid additives (AVA-MAPbI₃) in screen printed, hole transport layer free perovskite solar cells with carbon top electrodes (c-PSC). Employing AVA as an additive in the active layer caused a 40-fold increase in device lifetime measured under full sun illumination in ambient air (RH ∼ ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11985f

19. Exfoliation of amorphous phthalocyanine conjugated polymers into ultrathin nanosheets for highly efficient oxygen reduction

Author:
Liu, Wenping; Wang, Chiming; Zhang, Lijie; Pan, Houhe; Liu, Wenbo; Chen, Jun; Yang, Dongjiang; Xiang, Yanjuan; Wang, Kang; Jiang, Jianzhuang; Yao, Xiangdong
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3112-3119
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
atomic force microscopy; batteries; catalysts; cobalt; electric potential difference; electrochemistry; electronics; graphene; iron; nanosheets; oxygen; polymers; positional isomers; potassium hydroxide; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... It is a significant challenge to develop a high-efficiency synthetic methodology to access fully conjugated 2D conjugated polymer (CP)/covalent organic framework (COF) nanosheets (NSs) that have great application potential for electronics and energy. Herein, we report the exfoliation of a series of amorphous ethynyl-linked phthalocyanine (Pc) CPs (MPc-CPs, M = Fe, Co, Fe₀.₅Co₀.₅) into ultrathin MP ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11044a

20. Extremely high tensile strength and superior thermal conductivity of an sp³-hybridized superhard C₂₄ fullerene crystal

Author:
Cai, Yingxiang; Kang, Shuangyu; Xu, Xuechun
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 3426-3431
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; ambient temperature; density functional theory; fullerene; hardness; polymerization; semiconductors; tensile strength; thermal conductivity; thermal expansion
Abstract:
... Low-dimensional carbon allotropes could be used as fundamental building blocks to bottom-up build new materials with excellent properties. In this study, a lightweight sp³-hybridized carbon allotrope named 3d-C₂₄ is suggested to be obtained by polymerizing fullerene C₂₄ molecules. By means of first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, 3d-C₂₄ is confirmed to be not only dynamica ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ta11226f