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1. A magnesium tetraphenylaluminate battery electrolyte exhibits a wide electrochemical potential window and reduces stainless steel corrosion

Author:
Nelson, Emily G.; Brody, Scott I.; Kampf, Jeff W.; Bartlett, Bart M.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18194-18198
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
Grignard reagents; aluminum; aluminum chloride; batteries; corrosion; electrochemistry; electrodes; electrolysis; electrolytes; magnesium; platinum; stainless steel
Abstract:
... Using Al(OPh)₃ rather than the typical AlCl₃ with Grignard reagents affords a Mg-ion electrolyte with a reduced chloride content. A 1 : 4 Al(OPh)₃–PhMgCl mixture gives a magnesium tetraphenylaluminate salt that exhibits anodic stability up to 5 V vs. Mg²⁺/⁰ on both platinum and stainless steel working electrodes, and shows much reduced corrosion (pitting) of stainless steel after extended electrol ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04625k

2. A one-step synthesis of Co–P–B/rGO at room temperature with synergistically enhanced electrocatalytic activity in neutral solution

Author:
Li, Panpan; Jin, Zhaoyu; Xiao, Dan
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18420-18427
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
ambient temperature; boron; catalysts; catalytic activity; electrochemistry; electron transfer; graphene oxide; hydrogen production; nanocomposites; oxygen production; pH; phosphorus; seawater; synergism
Abstract:
... Two-dimensional (2D) nanocomposites are fabricated on reduced graphene oxide (Co–P–B/rGO) via a one-step method at room temperature. By tuning the molar ratio of phosphorus and boron sources in reactants, outstanding bi-functional catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can be obtained with an extremely low onset overpotential of 50 mV and a small Tafel slope of 68 mV dec⁻¹, as well as f ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03962a

3. A solution chemistry approach to epitaxial growth and stabilisation of Bi₂Ti₂O₇ films

Author:
Oropeza, Freddy E.; Villar-Garcia, Ignacio J.; Palgrave, Robert G.; Payne, David J.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18241-18245
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; bismuth; chemistry; hypoxia; powders; temperature; zirconium oxide
Abstract:
... Single crystalline pyrochlore Bi₂Ti₂O₇ films have been grown in three different orientations on yttria-stabilised zirconia at temperatures as low as 600 °C, by using a simple wet chemistry method based on the spin-coating technique. Contrary to free-standing powders and polycrystalline films, epitaxial single crystalline Bi₂Ti₂O₇ is stable relative to other bismuth titanate compounds at temperatur ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04352a

4. A surfactant-modulated fluorescent sensor with pattern recognition capability: sensing and discriminating multiple heavy metal ions in aqueous solution

Author:
Cao, Yuan; Ding, Liping; Hu, Wenting; Peng, Junxia; Fang, Yu
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18488-18496
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
anionic surfactants; aqueous solutions; chemical species; cobalt; copper; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; heavy metals; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; iron; lead; mercury; metal ions; nickel; principal component analysis; titration; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Pattern recognition has been widely used to detect and identify multiple analytes. The strategies for realizing pattern recognition of a single sensor are in significant demand. In the present work, a particular bispyrene-based fluorophore containing a hydrophilic spacer, Py-TOA-Py, was synthesized, and it was observed that its mixture with anionic surfactant assemblies realizes multiple fluoresce ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03608e

5. A three-dimensional elastic macroscopic graphene network for thermal management application

Author:
Huang, Haining; Bi, Hui; Zhou, Mi; Xu, Feng; Lin, Tianquan; Liu, Fengxin; Zhang, Lingyan; Zhang, Hui; Huang, Fuqiang
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18215-18218
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
ambient pressure; ceramics; graphene; silica; vapors
Abstract:
... A three-dimensional elastic macroscopic graphene network (3D-GN) was prepared with the assistance of porous SiO₂ ceramic substrates by using ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition, which is suitable for thermal management application. The free standing elastic macroscopic 3D-GN possesses excellent electrical, mechanical and thermal transfer properties. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03801k

6. Better than crystalline: amorphous vanadium oxide for sodium-ion batteries

Author:
Uchaker, E.; Zheng, Y. Z.; Li, S.; Candelaria, S. L.; Hu, S.; Cao, G. Z.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18208-18214
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
batteries; cathodes; electrochemistry; energy density; nanocrystals; sol-gel processing; vanadium
Abstract:
... Amorphous and nanocrystalline vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) were prepared through a combination of sol–gel processing paired with electrochemical deposition and investigated as cathodes for sodium-ion batteries. Amorphous V₂O₅ demonstrated superior electrochemical properties upon sodiation as compared to its crystalline counterpart. More specifically, amorphous vanadium pentoxide had a measured capaci ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03788j

7. Beyond conventional electrocatalysts: hollow nanoparticles for improved and sustainable oxygen reduction reaction activity

Author:
Dubau, Laetitia; Lopez-Haro, Miguel; Durst, Julien; Guétaz, Laure; Bayle-Guillemaud, Pascale; Chatenet, Marian; Maillard, Frédéric
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18497-18507
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
catalysts; catalytic activity; cathodes; electrochemistry; electrolytes; energy conversion; fuel cells; liquids; nanocrystallites; nanoparticles; platinum; research and development
Abstract:
... Long-term catalytic performance of electrode materials is a well-established research priority in electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems, such as proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Despite extensive efforts in research and development, Pt-based nanoparticles remain the only – but an unstable – electrocatalyst able to accelerate efficiently the rate of the oxygen reduction reaction ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03975k

8. 3,7-Bis(trifluoromethyl)-N-ethylphenothiazine: a redox shuttle with extensive overcharge protection in lithium-ion batteries

Author:
Kaur, Aman Preet; Ergun, Selin; Elliott, Corrine F.; Odom, Susan A.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18190-18193
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
chemistry; graphene; lithium batteries
Abstract:
... 3,7-Bis(trifluoromethyl)-N-ethylphenothiazine (BCF3EPT) was evaluated as a redox shuttle for overcharge protection in lithium-ion batteries. Constant-charging experiments were performed to compare the compound to 1,4-di-tert-butyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene and N-ethylphenothiazine. BCF3EPT showed significantly longer overcharge protection when compared to either benchmark at the same concentrations in ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04463k

9. Cobalt vanadate as highly active, stable, noble metal-free oxygen evolution electrocatalyst

Author:
Xing, Man; Kong, Ling-Bin; Liu, Mao-Cheng; Liu, Ling-Yang; Kang, Long; Luo, Yong-Chun
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18435-18443
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
anodes; catalysts; catalytic activity; cobalt; cost effectiveness; crystal structure; electric power; electrochemistry; hydrogen; hydrogen fuels; nanoparticles; oxides; oxygen; oxygen production; porosity; surface area
Abstract:
... Water splitting, to produce hydrogen and oxygen, has long been considered to be a desirable option for the storage of electrical energy. The catalysts for oxygen evolution reactions (OER) are very important in this process. Herein, we have synthesized Co₃V₂O₈ nanoparticles by a simple and cost-effective technique, which have low crystallinity and large specific surface area (122.8 m² g⁻¹). Because ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03776f

10. Colorimetric strips for visual lead ion recognition utilizing polydiacetylene embedded nanofibers

Author:
Li, Yan; Wang, Lihuan; Yin, Xia; Ding, Bin; Sun, Gang; Ke, Tao; Chen, Jingyuan; Yu, Jianyong
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18304-18312
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
chemistry; color; colorimetry; detection limit; lead; metal ions; nanofibers; polyacrylonitrile
Abstract:
... Given the dire consequences of accidental lead ion (Pb²⁺) exposure, a portable, sensitive and robust analytical approach capable of colorimetric visualization is highly desirable. In this study, we demonstrate a colorimetric strip that relies on a novel polydiacetylene (PDA) embedded polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane (PAN NFM). The Pb²⁺-chromic PDA is prepared from controlled mixtures of 10,1 ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04547e

11. Controllable wettability and adhesion on bioinspired multifunctional TiO₂ nanostructure surfaces for liquid manipulation

Author:
Huang, Jianying; Lai, Yuekun; Wang, Luning; Li, Shuhui; Ge, Mingzheng; Zhang, Keqin; Fuchs, Harald; Chi, Lifeng
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18531-18538
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
adhesion; droplets; electric potential difference; electrochemistry; electrolytes; hydrophobicity; liquids; microparticles; mixing; nanoparticles; titanium dioxide; wettability
Abstract:
... Hierarchical surfaces with specific topographical morphology and chemical components can be found on many living creatures in nature. They offer special wettability and adhesion (sliding, sticky or patterned superhydrophobic surfaces), a functional platform for microfluidic management and other biological functions. Inspired by their precise arrangement of structures and surface components, we des ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04090b

12. Core–shell SiO₂@RGO hybrids for epoxy composites with low percolation threshold and enhanced thermo-mechanical properties

Author:
Huang, Liang; Zhu, Pengli; Li, Gang; (Daniel) Lu, Daoqiang; Sun, Rong; Wong, Chingping
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18246-18255
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
dielectric properties; electrostatic interactions; epoxides; glass transition temperature; graphene oxide; nanoparticles; nanosheets; polymers; silica; thermal conductivity; thermal expansion
Abstract:
... Reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-encapsulated SiO₂ hybrids (SiO₂@RGO) were fabricated from the thermal reduction of electrostatically assembled SiO₂@GO hybrids. Then, epoxy composites, filled with SiO₂, SiO₂@GO and SiO₂@RGO hybrids, were prepared by a solvent-free curing process, and their thermal, dielectric and thermo-mechanical properties were investigated and compared. In the SiO₂@RGO/epoxy compos ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03702b

13. Crystalline ZnO/ZnSₓSe₁₋ₓ core–shell nanowire arrays for efficient visible-light photoelectrocatalysis

Author:
Wang, Yajun; Zhan, Xueying; Wang, Fengmei; Wang, Qisheng; Safdar, Muhammad; He, Jun
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18413-18419
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
energy; hot water treatment; irradiation; nanowires; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; silicon; ultraviolet radiation; vapors; zinc oxide
Abstract:
... ZnO/ZnSₓSe₁₋ₓ core–shell nanowire arrays on a silicon substrate were successfully prepared via a hydrothermal method followed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of the ZnSₓSe₁₋ₓ shell. By optimizing the CVD growth conditions, a crystalline ZnSₓSe₁₋ₓ shell and well-aligned ZnO/ZnSₓSe₁₋ₓ interface were achieved, which plays an important role towards the enhanced performance of photocatalytic activit ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04293j

14. 3D binder-free Cu₂O@Cu nanoneedle arrays for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

Author:
Dong, Chaoqun; Wang, Yan; Xu, Junling; Cheng, Guanhua; Yang, Wanfeng; Kou, Tianyi; Zhang, Zhonghua; Ding, Yi
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18229-18235
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
capacitance; copper; copper nanoparticles; cupric oxide; cuprous oxide; electrochemistry; electrodes; energy; energy density; hydroxides; mobile telephones
Abstract:
... Nanostructured Cu oxides/hydroxides are promising materials for supercapacitors because of their high theoretical capacitance, low cost and friendliness to environment. However, the development of commercially viable Cu oxides/hydroxides with superior capacitive performance is still challenging. Here, 3D binder-free Cu₂O@Cu nanoneedle arrays electrode was developed via facile electrochemistry. The ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04329d

15. Defect induced sodium disorder and ionic conduction mechanism in Na₁.₈₂Mg₁.₀₉P₂O₇

Author:
Liu, Guandong; Nishimura, Shin-ichi; Chung, Sai Cheong; Fujii, Kotaro; Yashima, Masatomo; Yamada, Atsuo
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18353-18359
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
activation energy; ambient temperature; cathodes; chemistry; cobalt; iron; magnesium; manganese; mechanics; models; sodium
Abstract:
... Phase pure sodium magnesium pyrophosphate Na₁.₈₂Mg₁.₀₉P₂O₇ was synthesized by a solid state reaction, and used as a model system to understand the Na⁺ dynamics in the related cathode materials Na₂₋ₓM₁₊ₓ/₂P₂O₇ (M = Fe, Mn, and Co). We found a three-dimensional framework structure formed by interconnecting Mg₂O₁₁ dimers with P₂O₇ pyrophosphate groups, where Na cages align along the [100] direction a ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03356f

16. Design of tetraphenyl silsesquioxane based covalent-organic frameworks as hydrogen storage materials

Author:
Li, Xiao-Dong; Zang, Hua-Ping; Wang, Jun-Tao; Wang, Jun-Fei; Zhang, Hong
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18554-18561
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
ambient temperature; hydrogen; mechanics; porosity; silsesquioxanes; sorption isotherms; surface area; topology; United States
Abstract:
... Four types of tetraphenyl silsesquioxane based covalent-organic frameworks (sil-COFs) were designed with the ctn and bor net topologies using molecular mechanics. The computed results revealed that these sil-COFs possess excellent structural properties, such as high porosity (89–95%) and large H₂ accessible surface area (5476–6331 m² g⁻¹), which is advantageous to hydrogen storage. The H₂ adsorpti ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta02692f

17. Dimensionally integrated nanoarchitectonics for a novel composite from 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials: RGO/CNT/CeO₂ ternary nanocomposites with electrochemical performance

Author:
Rajendran, Raja; Shrestha, Lok Kumar; Minami, Kosuke; Subramanian, Munisamy; Jayavel, Ramasamy; Ariga, Katsuhiko
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18480-18487
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
carbon nanotubes; ceric oxide; chemical precipitation; electrical equipment; electrochemistry; electrolytes; energy density; graphene oxide; nanocomposites
Abstract:
... We report a one-step conversion of a dimensionally mixed ternary nanocomposite from zero-dimensional (0D) cerium oxide (CeO₂), one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and two-dimensional (2D) reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanomaterials by the chemical precipitation method. The RGO/CNT/CeO₂ ternary nanocomposite showed excellent electrochemical performance (electrical double layer capacitor pr ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03996c

18. Durable superhydrophobic/superoleophilic PDMS sponges and their applications in selective oil absorption and in plugging oil leakages

Author:
Zhao, Xia; Li, Lingxiao; Li, Bucheng; Zhang, Junping; Wang, Aiqin
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18281-18287
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
absorption; adsorption; compressibility; contact angle; hydrophobicity; liquid nitrogen; microparticles; oils; polydimethylsiloxane; polymerization; sodium chloride; thermal stability
Abstract:
... A facile method for preparing porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponges is reported. The PDMS sponges are fabricated by the polymerization of the PDMS prepolymer and a curing agent in dimethicone using NaCl microparticles as the hard templates. The porous structure of the PDMS sponges is controllable simply by regulating the weight ratio of prepolymer to dimethicone and the size of the NaCl micro ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04406a

19. Electronic structural insights into efficient MnOₓ catalysts

Author:
Khan, Munirah; Suljoti, Edlira; Singh, Archana; Bonke, Shannon A.; Brandenburg, Tim; Atak, Kaan; Golnak, Ronny; Spiccia, Leone; Aziz, Emad F.
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18199-18203
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray scattering; absorption; catalysts; catalytic activity; electrons; manganese; manganese oxides; oxidation
Abstract:
... Soft X-ray absorption and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering at the Mn L-edge are established as tools for gaining electronic structural insights into water oxidation catalysis. The MnOₓ catalyst with the lowest d–d transitions, strongest charge transfer and a higher proportion of Mn³⁺ over Mn²⁺/⁴⁺ produces itinerant electrons that contribute to a higher catalytic activity. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta04185b

20. Enhanced photovoltaic performance with co-sensitization of quantum dots and an organic dye in dye-sensitized solar cells

Author:
Lelii, Camilla; Bawendi, Moungi G.; Biagini, Paolo; Chen, Po-Yen; Crucianelli, Marcello; D'Arcy, Julio M.; De Angelis, Francesco; Hammond, Paula T.; Po, Riccardo
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2014 v.2 no.43 pp. 18375-18382
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
cadmium; dyes; electron transfer; electrons; energy; photons; quantum dots; ruthenium; solar cells; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... CdSe quantum dots of two different sizes exhibiting a maximum emission at 495 nm (CdSe₄₉₅) and 545 nm (CdSe₅₄₅) were combined with di-tetrabutylammonium cis-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2-bipyridyl-4,4-dicarboxylato)ruthenium(ii) (N719) or 2-cyano-3-{5-[7-(4-diphenylamino-phenyl)benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl]-thiophen-2-yl}-acrylic acid (TBTCA) resulting in four novel hybrid organic–inorganic sensitizer ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta03098b