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- Author:
- Maria Stefan; Cristian Leostean; Ovidiu Pana; Adriana Popa; Dana Toloman; Sergiu Macavei; Ioana Perhaita; Lucian Barbu-Tudoran; Danut Silipas
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2020 v.55 no.8 pp. 3279-3298
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; cationic surfactants; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; chemical precipitation; energy; heat treatment; hydroxyl radicals; irradiation; light; moieties; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; nitrogen; oxidation; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; polyethylene glycol; porous media; sol-gel processing; thermal degradation; tin dioxide; titanium dioxide; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... SnO₂–TiO₂ nanocomposites are prepared by growing TiO₂ nanoparticles onto the preformed SnO₂ nanoparticles. The SnO₂ core nanoparticles ware obtained in the presence of two different surfactants, namely hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), by chemical precipitation followed by a thermal treatment at 500 °C. The TiO₂ was obtained directly on modified SnO₂ nanopar ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-019-04192-2
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04192-2
- Author:
- Kuankuan Lu; Rihui Yao; Yiping Wang; Honglong Ning; Dong Guo; Xianzhe Liu; Ruiqiang Tao; Miao Xu; Lei Wang; Junbiao Peng
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2019 v.54 no.24 pp. 14778-14786
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; annealing; electric potential difference; electrical properties; films (materials); gallium; indium; ions; oxygen; praseodymium; stabilizers; storage time; transistors; zinc oxide
- Abstract:
- ... Amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide is a popular semiconductor candidate for amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors in the field of flat-panel display. However, the existence of gallium component restricts the enhancement of mobility dramatically. In this study, we report a new praseodymium (Pr) dopant as a stabilizer in amorphous indium zinc oxide semiconductor (IZO) with high mobili ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-019-03941-7
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03941-7
- Author:
- A. Domínguez; A. Dutt; O. de Melo; L. Huerta; G. Santana
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2018 v.53 no.8 pp. 6147-6156
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; annealing; atomic force microscopy; crystal structure; metalloids; molybdenum; oxidation; photovoltaic cells; quartz; roughness; scanning electron microscopy; semiconductors; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
- Abstract:
- ... Molybdenum oxide (MoO ₓ) thin films were grown by using a simple, economic and scalable DC Cressington sputtering unit. For thickness measurement with the quartz balance, during the deposition, MoO ₓ density was set to an average value of 5.58 g/cm³ which is the mean density of the two main oxidation states, MoO₂ (6.47 g/cm ³) and MoO₃, (4.69 g/cm ³), respectively. Afterward, as-deposited samples ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-017-1975-8
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1975-8
- Author:
- Wenjie Pu; Zhilong Song; Jia Yan; Hui Xu; Haiyan Ji; Shouqi Yuan; Huaming Li
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2019 v.54 no.19 pp. 12463-12475
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; air; annealing; equations; filtration; methyl orange; methylene blue; models; nitrogen; oxygen; pollutants; pollution control; rhodamines; sorption isotherms; temperature; tungsten oxide; wastewater treatment
- Abstract:
- ... A novel oxygen defect-rich WO₃₋ₓ nanoplates were synthesized using a solvothermal method followed by an annealing treatment under Ar–H₂ gas mixture atmosphere. WO₃₋ₓ nanoplates possess large numbers of oxygen defects systematically demonstrated by the elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The adsorption ca ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-019-03780-6
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03780-6
- Author:
- Mingzhu You; Jiaqi Pan; Chunyan Chi; Beibei Wang; Weijie Zhao; Changsheng Song; Yingying Zheng; Chaorong Li
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2018 v.53 no.3 pp. 1978-1986
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; anion exchange; annealing; carbon nitride; hydrogen production; nanoparticles; nanosheets; photocatalysis; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... The Z-Scheme Ag₃PO₄/Ag/g-C₃N₄ nanosheets composites are synthesised via simple annealing and anion-exchange precipitation method. The obtained samples are characterized by SEM, XRD, TEM, XPS, UV–Vis and PL, which imply that the Z-Scheme Ag₃PO₄/Ag/g-C₃N₄ structure has been prepared successfully. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared Ag₃PO₄/Ag/g-C₃N₄ nanosheets composites displays a remarka ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-017-1612-6
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1612-6
- Author:
- Z. Khatami; C. Nowikow; J. Wojcik; P. Mascher
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2018 v.53 no.2 pp. 1497-1513
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; chemical bonding; coatings; desorption; hydrogen; photovoltaic cells; quantitative analysis; refractive index; silicon; silicon carbide; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; vapors
- Abstract:
- ... Silicon carbonitride (SiCₓNy) materials, inspired by their outstanding multifunctional properties, are finding increasing applications in a variety of fields, including as next generation solar cells and hard coatings. Hydrogenated SiCₓNy thin films, along with binary submatrices of stoichiometric SiC and SiN₃ as a reference, were deposited using electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemic ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-017-1576-6
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1576-6
- Author:
- John B. Plumley; Adam W. Cook; Christopher A. Larsen; Kateryna Artyushkova; Sang M. Han; Thomas L. Peng; Richard A. Kemp
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2018 v.53 no.18 pp. 12949-12960
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; crystallization; electrical conductivity; glass; image analysis; indium; indium tin oxide; oxidation; scanning electron microscopy; tin; tin monoxide; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; wavelengths
- Abstract:
- ... Transparent electric conductors made of indium tin oxide (ITO)-doped glass prepared by a flash lamp annealing (FLA) process were compared with ITO-doped glass prepared via a conventional rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process. Stylus surface profilometry was used to determine thicknesses, scanning electron microscopy was used to image surfaces, X-ray diffraction was used to determine film structure ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-018-2534-7
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2534-7
- Author:
- Jingyan Li; Shixiang Lu; Wenguo Xu; Ge He; Tianlong Yu; Yuanyuan Cheng; Bei Wu
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2018 v.53 no.2 pp. 1097-1109
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- chemical composition; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; annealing; aqueous solutions; sodium hydroxide; corrosion; ambient temperature; catalysts; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; electrochemistry; p-nitrophenol; scanning electron microscopy; aluminum; hydrophobicity; hydrogen; alloys; catalytic activity; industrial applications
- Abstract:
- ... A stable Ni–Al₄Ni₃–Al₂O₃ superhydrophobic surface (SHS) was fabricated on aluminum (Al) substrate via etching, subsequent replacement deposition and then annealing. The water contact angle of the SHS could reach to 155°, and the water sliding angle was less than 2°. The morphology and chemical composition of the samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction patte ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-017-1569-5
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1569-5
- Author:
- A.-S. Keita; Z. Wang; W. Sigle; E. J. Mittemeijer
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2018 v.53 no.9 pp. 6681-6697
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; carbon; dissociation; nickel; silicon carbide; thermodynamics; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... The initial interfacial reactions of crystalline nickel and amorphous silicon carbide (Ni/a-SiC) thin films were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy [(HR)TEM], Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Upon annealing at 500 °C, in the initial stage (< 5 min) of reactive interdiffusion, disso ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-018-1986-0
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-1986-0
10. Investigation of effect of doping concentration in Nb-doped TiO2 thin films for TCO applications
- Author:
- Satyavir Singh; Vikas Sharma; Kanupriya Sachdev
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2017 v.52 no.19 pp. 11580-11591
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; ambient temperature; annealing; atomic force microscopy; coatings; crystallization; electrical resistance; electrodes; infrared spectroscopy; oxygen; scanning electron microscopy; thermogravimetry; titanium dioxide; topography; transmission electron microscopes; transmittance
- Abstract:
- ... Nb-doped TiO₂ (referred hereafter as NTO) thin films were deposited by sol–gel spin coating method to investigate their use as transparent conducting electrode (TCE). A range of Nb ₓ Ti₁₋ₓ O₂ (x = 0, 0.003, 0.005, 0.008, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02) compositions were synthesized and deposited as thin films via spin coating. The films were deposited at room temperature and showed crystallization on annealing ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-017-1328-7
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1328-7
- Author:
- Jiao Zhou; Jiawei Zhang; Afrasiab Ur Rehman; Kan Kan; Li Li; Keying Shi
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2017 v.52 no.7 pp. 3757-3770
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ambient temperature; ammonia; annealing; cobalt; crosslinking; cupric oxide; electrical properties; metal ions; nanoparticles; polyvinylpyrrolidone; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... The Co₃O₄@CuO composite nanochains (CCNCs) were fabricated by electrospinning approach and controlled annealing route. The formation of nanochains was attributed to the interactions between N,N-Dimethylformamide and metal ions (Cu²⁺ or Co²⁺) acted as a cross-linking point or a bridge among the entangled polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) chains. The calcined samples were composed of porous single-crystal ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-016-0561-9
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0561-9
- Author:
- Wen-Fan Chen; Pramod Koshy; Charles Christopher Sorrell
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.5 pp. 2465-2480
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; absorption; annealing; coatings; contact angle; energy; glass; hydrophilicity; microstructure; mineralogy; optics; pyrolysis; roughness; scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage; sodium; solubility; titanium dioxide; topography; topology
- Abstract:
- ... Transparent TiO₂ films (~50–540 nm thick) were spin-coated in multiple cycles by sol–gel on soda-lime-silica glass and annealed at 450 °C for 2 h. Analyses included mineralogy (XRD), optics (UV–Vis), chemistry (XPS), microstructure and topography (SEM, AFM), and hydrophilicity (sessile drop). The microstructures were discontinuous (1 cycle), continuous (4–11 cycles), and damaged (13–15 cycles), wi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-015-9559-y
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9559-y
- Author:
- Hongbo Ren; Xianpan Shi; Jiayi Zhu; Yong Zhang; Yutie Bi; Lin Zhang
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.13 pp. 6419-6427
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; annealing; desorption; graphene; graphene oxide; hydrophobicity; melamine; nitrogen; solvents; surface area; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... N-doped graphene aerogel with a three-dimensional interconnected network was fabricated by using graphene oxide and melamine via the hydrothermal self-assembly and thermal annealing process. The aerogels were characterized by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analyses, X-ray diffraction, Raman sp ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-016-9939-y
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9939-y
- Author:
- Václav Štengl; Jiří Henych; Lórant Szatmáry; Martin Kormunda
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2014 v.49 no.12 pp. 4161-4170
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; butanes; color; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; gases; glass; hydrogen; hydrolysis; nitrogen; oxidation; oxygen; photocatalysis; porosity; reflectance spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy; surface area; titanium dioxide
- Abstract:
- ... Highly photoactive anatase and rutile modifications of titania were prepared by annealing the product of thermal hydrolysis of titania peroxo-complexes under different atmosphere (hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen) at 950 °C. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, scanning electron microscopy, ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-014-8111-9
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8111-9
- Author:
- A. O. Rybaltovskiy; A. A. Ischenko; Y. S. Zavorotny; A. V. Garshev; S. G. Dorofeev; N. N. Kononov; N. V. Minaev; S. A. Minaeva; A. P. Sviridov; P. S. Timashev; I. I. Khodos; V. I. Yusupov; M. A. Lazov; V. Ya. Panchenko; V. N. Bagratashvili
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2015 v.50 no.5 pp. 2247-2256
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; crystallization; nanocrystals; nanoparticles; photoluminescence; silica; silicon; stress relaxation; temperature; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... Core/shell Si/SiO ₓ nanoparticles (Si/SiO ₓ -NP) having bright red-infrared photoluminescence were obtained by a three-stage synthesis based on the thermal disproportionation of microdispersed SiO. Transformation patterns of structure and spectroscopic properties of the material during passage through all process stages (starting from initial SiO microparticles and up to the Si/SiO ₓ -NP sols) hav ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-014-8787-x
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8787-x
- Author:
- Majid Ahmadi; Satyaprakash Sahoo; Reza Younesi; Anand P. S. Gaur; Ram S. Katiyar; Maxime J-F Guinel
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2014 v.49 no.17 pp. 5899-5909
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; annealing; heat; hydrochloric acid; phase transition; sodium; temperature; transmission electron microscopes; tungsten oxide; water
- Abstract:
- ... Tungsten oxide (WO₃) nano-ribbons (NRs) were obtained by annealing tungstite (WO₃·H₂O) NRs. The latter was synthesized below room temperature using a simple, environmentally benign, and low cost aging treatment of precursors made by adding hydrochloric acid to diluted sodium tungstate solutions (Na₂WO₄·2H₂O). WO₃generates significant interests and is being used in a growing variety of applications ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-014-8304-2
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8304-2
- Author:
- Zhen-Jiang Lu; Mao-Wen Xu; Shu-Juan Bao; Kehfarn Tan; Hui Chai; Chang-Jun Cai; Chen-Chen Ji; Qiang Zhang
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2013 v.48 no.23 pp. 8101-8107
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; annealing; catalysts; cost effectiveness; electrochemistry; electrolytes; fuel cells; graphene; nitrogen; oxygen; physicochemical properties; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; urea
- Abstract:
- ... The electronic and chemical properties of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) can be modulated by chemical doping foreign atoms and functional moieties. Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-RGO) is a promising candidate for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. However, there are still some challenges in further preparation and modification of N-RGO. In this work, a low-cost industrial mater ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-013-7622-0
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7622-0
- Author:
- Yen Hiu Liu; Chih Wei Lin; Min Chao Chang; Hsin Shao; Arnold Chang-Mou Yang
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2008 v.43 no.14 pp. 5005-5013
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ambient pressure; annealing; crystal structure; crystallization; hot water treatment; hydroxylation; ionic liquids; moieties; photolysis; temperature; titanium; titanium dioxide
- Abstract:
- ... In this study, the specific coexistence of water and ionic liquid being the lower temperature thermal annealing condition for anatase crystallization of amorphous titania at ambient pressure was found. The test ionic liquids were 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate. After deep investigation, we found that there existed an analogy betwee ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-008-2740-9
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2740-9
- Author:
- S. Pal; C. Jacob
- Source:
- Journal of materials science 2006 v.41 no.17 pp. 5429-5432
- ISSN:
- 0022-2461
- Subject:
- X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; annealing; nanoparticles; transmission electron microscopy; tungsten oxide; vapors
- Abstract:
- ... A simple modification in hot filament chemical vapour deposition has been used to control the growth of tungsten oxide nanoparticles on a large scale where the as-deposited material is mostly amorphous in nature with a few nanoparticles. However, upon annealing in air, almost all the material converts into spherical nanoparticles with a low size dispersion as characterized by TEM. X-ray diffractio ...
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s10853-006-0270-x
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0270-x