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You searched for: Journal name Journal of the science of food and agriculture Remove constraint Journal name: Journal of the science of food and agriculture Text availability Full Text Remove constraint Text availability: Full Text
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1. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of nitriles, isothiocyanates and oxazolidinethiones derived from cruciferous glucosinolates

Author:
Spencer, G.F.; Daxenbichler, M.E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1980 v.31 no.4 pp. 359-367
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Brassicaceae; green leafy vegetables; cole crops; glucosinolates; hydrolysis; nitriles; isothiocyanates; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; oxazolidinethiones
Abstract:
... Hydrolysis/autolysis of the glucosinolates found in wild and cultivated cruciferous plants can yield a variety of nitrogenous compounds for the alkyl or aryl moiety. These products include nitriles, isothiocyanates and oxazolidinethiones.sbd.all of which may present potential hazards in foods and feeds. More than 70 glucosinolates are known, and almost all the hydrolysis products are amenable to a ...
Handle:
10113/26528
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740310406

2. Inhibition of structural carbohydrate fermentation by forage phenolics

Author:
Jung, Hans-Joachim G.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1985 v.36 no.2 pp. 74-80
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
fermentation; benzoic acids; cinnamic acid; cellulose; forage
Abstract:
... The benzoic and cinnamic acids found in forages were tested for their inhibitory effects on digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose by mixed cultures of rumen microorganisms in vitro. Rate and extent of cellulose digestion with the addition of cinnamic acids were determined. The benzoic acids and aldehydes were also compared for their inhibitory potential. Of the benzoic acid derivatives, only th ...
Handle:
10113/43044
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740360204

3. Measurement of sunflower seed respiration rates and quotients by gas-solid chromatography in a closed system

Author:
Chapman, G.W. Jr.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1985 v.36 no.5 pp. 326-332
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
sunflower seed; gas chromatography; measurement; respiratory quotient
Abstract:
... Sunflower seed respiration rates and respiratory quotients (RQ) were measured by gas-solid chromatography coupled to a closed system which contained the seed sample. By using a gas sampling valve fitted with a 0.5ml sample loop, head-space sampling is eliminated. The system is reliable, reproducible, and the data can be obtained in short time periods, as O2 and C02 can be measured simultaneously. ...
Handle:
10113/43041
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740360504

4. Chemical composition and in-vitro digestibility of thermochemically treated peanut hulls

Author:
Kerr, Thomas J.; Windham, William R.; Woodward, Janet H.; Benner, Ronald
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1986 v.37 no.7 pp. 632-636
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
heat treatment; acids; alkalis; digestibility
Abstract:
... Changes in chemical composition and digestibility of peanut hulls after a variety of thermochemical treatments were monitored. Mineral acids and base under elevated temperature (121°C) were generally ineffective for decreasing the fibrous, lignocellulosic component of the hulls. Only nitric acid-treatment effectively decreased the relative lignin content of the hulls. The lignin:nitrogen ratio and ...
Handle:
10113/43037

5. Traditional fermented foods and beverages of Darjeeling and Sikkim--a review

Author:
Tamang, J.P.; Sarkar, P.K.; Hesseltine, C.W.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1988 v.44 no.4 pp. 375-385
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
fermented foods; food preparation; food consumption; India
Abstract:
... The various ethnic groups of the Darjeeling district of West Bengal and Sikkim consume a variety of fermented foods including kinema (based on soya beans), gundruk (Brassica campestris leaves), sinki (radish, Raphanus sativus), mesu (bamboo shoots), churpi (milk), shel roti (rice preparation) and jnards (beers). These have not previously been investigated, and their method of preparation and consu ...
Handle:
10113/23778

6. Uptake of small neutral peptides by mixed rumen microorganisms in vitro

Author:
Broderick, G.A.; Wallace, R.J.; McKain, N.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1988 v.42 no.2 pp. 109-118
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
rumen microorganisms; mixtures; nutrient uptake; peptides
Abstract:
... The metabolism of a range of neutral di- and oligopeptides and peptide p-nitroanilides was investigated in strained ruminal fluid diluted with anaerobic buffer. Peptide uptake was estimated by decrease in fluorescamine-reactive material in extracellular fluid, and peptide p-nitroanilide hydrolysis by diazotization of the released p-nitroaniline. Addition of glucose and dithiothreitol did not alter ...
Handle:
10113/26395
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740420203

7. Value of mesquite leaves as forage

Author:
Lyon, Cameron K.; Gumbmann, Michael R.; Becker, Robert
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1988 v.44 no.2 pp. 111-117
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
leaves; forage crops; digestibility; toxicity; mice
Abstract:
... The nutritive value of six species or cultivars of mesquite (Prosopis) was investigated: viz P alba, P articulata, P chilensis, P nigra, P velutina, and cv 'Ruby'. Chemical analyses indicated that all of these are suitable sources of forage. However, in vitro digestibilities are negatively correlated with the content of phenolic compounds. Species with high concentrations of phenolics (P alba and ...
Handle:
10113/43035
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740440203

8. Effect of chlorothalonil application frequency on quality factors of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)

Author:
Sanders, Timothy H.; Gorbet, Daniel W.; Shokes, Fred M.; Williams, E. Jay; McMeans, Jack L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1989 v.49 no.3 pp. 281-290
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
chlorothalonil; Mycosphaerella arachidis; pesticide application; Mycosphaerella berkeleyi; frequency; food quality; Arachis hypogaea
Abstract:
... Yield, disease rating, seed quality and seed size parameters were determined from four peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) genotypes with different levels of resistance to leafspot to evaluate the effects of controlling peanut leafspot with chlorothalonil. In 1981 and 1983, main plot treatments were (i) no fungicide applications, (ii) applications of chlorothalonil (1242 g ai ha-1) at 14-day intervals, an ...
Handle:
10113/43038
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740490304

9. Degradability of phenolic acid-hemicellulose esters: a model system

Author:
Jung, H.J.G.; Ralph, J.; Hatfield, R.D.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1991 v.56 no.4 pp. 469-478
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
hemicellulose; models; p-coumaric acid; esters; digestibility; degradation; ferulic acid
Abstract:
... A synthetic model system containing p-coumaric and ferulic acids esterified to hemicellulose was used to study polysaccharide degradability. Oatspelts xylan was fractionated into A(linear), B(linear) and B(branched) fractions prior to synthetic esterification with phenolic acids at treatment concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g phenolic acid per kg hemicellulose. Concentrations of phenolic ac ...
Handle:
10113/26413

10. In-vitro disappearance of carbohydrates, phenolic acids, and lignin from parenchyma and sclerenchyma cell walls isolated from cocksfoot

Author:
Grabber, John H.; Jung, Gerald A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1991 v.57 no.3 pp. 315-323
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
sclerenchyma; dietary fiber; cell walls; phenolic acids; carbohydrates; Dactylis glomerata; lignin
Abstract:
... Insight into the structure and digestion of the cell-wall matrix may be gained by studying the in-vitro disappearance (IVD) of constituents from cell types which are contained in forage fibre. The objective of this study was to determine the IVD of neutral sugars, uronic acids, esterified phenolic acids, and lignin from parenchyma and sclerenchyma walls isolated from the plant parts of cocksfoot ( ...
Handle:
10113/43040
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740570303

11. Recent advances in lipid oxidation

Author:
Frankel, E.N.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1991 v.54 no.4 pp. 495-511
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
volatile compounds; sensory evaluation; free radicals; photosensitivity disorders; plant fats and oils; triacylglycerols; antioxidants; oxidation; gas chromatography; aldehydes
Abstract:
... In a major pathway of the autoxidation of methyl linolenate, peroxyl radicals of the internal hydroperoxides undergo rapid 1,3-cyclisation to form hydroperoxyepidioxides. Because linolenate hydroperoxides are relatively unstable, free radical antioxidants are much less effective in linolenate oils than in linoleate oils. Tocopherols and carotenoids effectively, inhibit photosensitised oxidation of ...
Handle:
10113/24390

12. Effect of fermentation and bacterial inoculation on lucerne cell walls

Author:
Jones, B.A.; Hatfield, R.D.; Muck, R.E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1992 v.60 no.2 pp. 147-153
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
alfalfa; silage making; fermentation; lactic acid bacteria; inoculum; cell walls; pH; glucose; xylose
Abstract:
... Changes were found in the cell wall composition of lucerne after ensiling at three different dry matter (DM) contents. The amount of protein associated with cell walls was reduced during ensiling, regardless of inoculation level, by 46-68%, whereas protein associated with the lignin residue was reduced to a lesser extent < 40%). The effect of ensiling on individual sugars of the cell wall varied. ...
Handle:
10113/26420

13. Physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of Japanese-type plums grown in Georgia and Alabama

Author:
Robertson, James A.; Meredith, Filmore I.; Senter, Samuel D.; Okie, William R.; Norton, Joseph D.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1992 v.60 no.3 pp. 339-347
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
plums; sensory evaluation; physicochemical properties; Georgia; Alabama
Abstract:
... The physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of 15 plum cultivars and selections grown at Byron, GA and Clanton. AL in 1989 and 1990 were investigated. Selection BY68-1262 produced significantly larger fruit than the other plum cultivars and selections evaluated followed by 'AU-Rubrum' and 'Rubysweet', 'Methley' fruit was the smallest. Hue angle values ranged from 105 degrees for 'Byrongold' ...
Handle:
10113/43039
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740600311

14. Impact of methyl 5-ortho-(E)-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside on in-vitro degradation of cellulose and xylan

Author:
Deetz, D.A.; Jung, H.J.G.; Helm, R.F.; Hatfield, R.D.; Ralph, J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1993 v.61 no.4 pp. 423-427
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cellulose; xylan; cell walls; degradation; ferulic acid; esters; arabinose
Abstract:
... The potential for inhibition of ruminal cell wall degradation by soluble phenolic acid-carbohydrate complexes was assessed using a synthetic molecule, methyl 5-O-(E)-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside (FA-Ara). In-vitro 24 and 72 h degradabilities of glucose from microcrystalline cellulose, and neutral sugars and uronic acids of oat spelts xylan were determined. Treatments included 0 (Control), 15 ...
Handle:
10113/43042
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740610407

15. Isolates of cell types from sorghum stems: digestion, cell wall and anatomical characteristics

Author:
Wilson, J.R.; Mertens, D.R.; Hatfield, R.D.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1993 v.63 no.4 pp. 407-417
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Sorghum bicolor; digestibility; lignin; cell wall components
Abstract:
... Cell types were separated from internode 5 of sorghum stems to study the interrelationship between digestion characteristics and cell wall composition. Isolates of epidermis (EPI), sclerenchyma (SCL), vascular bundle zone (VBZ), inner vascular bundles (IVB) and pith parenchyma cells (PITH) were freeze-dried and ground for analysis. The cell fractions were digested in rumen fluid for times between ...
Handle:
10113/26419

16. A comparison of the insoluble residues produced by the Klason lignin and acid detergent lignin procedures

Author:
Hatfield, R.D.; Jung, H.J.G.; Ralph, J.; Buxton, D.R.; Weimer, P.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1994 v.65 no.1 pp. 51-58
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Medicago sativa; Dactylis glomerata; Panicum virgatum; stems; leaves; maturity stage; lignin; analytical methods; chemical constituents of plants
Abstract:
... Two methods--Klason lignin (KL) and acid detergent lignin (ADL)--for determining lignin concentration in plants were compared using stem material from lucerne (Medicago sativa L), cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L), at three stages of maturity, and leaf samples from lucerne and cocksfoot. For all forages, KL values were higher than ADL values. Lucerne samples, wh ...
Handle:
10113/26422

17. Activity of two lignin biosynthesis enzymes during development of a maize internode

Author:
Morrison, T.A.; Kessler, J.R.; Hatfield, R.D.; Buxton, D.R.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1994 v.65 no.2 pp. 133-139
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Zea mays; internodes; plant development; lignin; biosynthesis; enzyme activity; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; oxidoreductases
Abstract:
... To ascertain the temporal relationships of phenylpropanoid and lignin enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and cinnamyl alcohol-NADPH dehydrogenase (CAD), with lignin concentration, PAL and CAD activities and lignin concentrations were assessed during progressive development of the 10th internode in maize (Zea mays L). Enzyme activities were quantified and lignin concentrations were determin ...
Handle:
10113/26423

18. Comparative study of the aromatic profiles of two different plum species: Prunus salicina Lindl and Prunus simonii L

Author:
Gomez, E.; Ledbetter, C.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1994 v.65 no.1 pp. 111-115
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
volatile compounds; plant breeding; aromatic compounds; chemical constituents of plants; Prunus salicina
Abstract:
... Volatile compounds of two plum species (Prunus salicina Lindl and Prunus simonii L) were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using simultaneous vacuum distillation extraction. Aroma patterns were identified and quantified. A total of 60 compounds were identified, of which 23 were unique to P simonii. The profile of P simonii, as well as a study of the odor unit values of som ...
Handle:
10113/48415

19. Nonprotein nitrogen content of defatted jojoba meals

Author:
Wolf, W.J.; Schaer, M.L.; Abbott, T.P.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1994 v.65 no.3 pp. 277-288
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
polypeptides; simmondsin; testa; extraction; free amino acids; oilmeals; nonprotein nitrogen; solubility; pH; hexane; trichloroacetic acid; wax esters; Simmondsia chinensis; jojoba; plant proteins
Abstract:
... Extraction of defatted jojoba meals with 0-5 M trichloroacetic acid solutions revealed a minimum solubility of nitrogenous compounds in the range of 0.5-2 M. This minimum was assumed to correspond to the nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) fraction. Trichloroacetic acid concentrations of 0.8-1.0 M were found to be optimal for NPN determination. NPN values for laboratory-prepared meals ranged from 21 to 29% ...
Handle:
10113/25068

20. Biodegradation of plant cell walls, wall carbohydrates, and wall aromatics in wheat grown in ambient or enriched CO2 concentrations

Author:
Akin, D.E.; Rigsby, L.L.; Gamble, G.R.; Morrison, W.H. III; Kimball, B.A.; Pinter, P.J. Jr.; Wall, G.W.; Garcia, R.L.; LaMorte, R.L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1995 v.67 no.3 pp. 399-406
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
carbon dioxide; aromatic compounds; cell walls; tillage; carbohydrates; internodes; wheat; decay fungi; air drying; biodegradation; cell wall components; Phanerochaete chrysosporium; lignin
Abstract:
... Mature internodes from wheat (Triticum aestivum L) grown in control (ambient at c 370 micromol mol-1) or enriched (to 550 micromol mol-1) concentrations of atmospheric CO2 in the free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) system were analyzed for potential changes in biodegradation of constituents due to predicted increases in atmospheric levels of CO2. The first internodes below the grain were incubated with ...
Handle:
10113/50322
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740670318

21. Degradation characteristics of isolated and in situ cell wall lucerne pectic polysaccharides by mixed ruminal microbes

Author:
Hatfield, R.D.; Weimer, P.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1995 v.69 no.2 pp. 185-196
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
rumination; fermentation; pectins; cell walls; alfalfa; biodegradation
Abstract:
... Two pectic polysaccharide fractions were isolated from lucerne (Medicago sativa L) leaves and used in fermentation experiments with mixed ruminal microbes. Both fractions were similar in chemical composition, containing galacturonic acid (52-58 mol%) and the neutral sugars arabinose (14-18 mol%), galactose (6-8 mol%) and rhamnose (8-12 mol%). Fermentation of both fractions was rapid and complete w ...
Handle:
10113/26426

22. Microspectrophotometric characterization of aromatic constituents in cell walls of hard and soft wheats

Author:
Akin, Danny E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1995 v.68 no.2 pp. 207-214
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
wheat; cell walls; lignin; ferulic acid; absorption; histochemistry
Abstract:
... Cell walls of epidermis, hypodermis, nucellar epidermis, aleurone, and endosperm in hard and soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L) kernels were evaluated for aromatic constituents using ultraviolet (UV) absorption microspectrophotometry. Wheat varieties sampled were soft red winter Caldwell, hard red winter varieties Tam 200 and Karl, and hard red spring varieties Len and Yecora rojo. Spectra of cell w ...
Handle:
10113/43033
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740680212

23. Red clover extracts inhibit legume proteolysis

Author:
Jones, B.A.; Muck, R.E.; Hatfield, R.D.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1995 v.67 no.3 pp. 329-333
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
DDT (pesticide); plant extracts; peptides; field experimentation; plant proteins; fermentation; alfalfa silage; nonprotein nitrogen; forage; ammonium nitrate; cultivars; catechol oxidase; greenhouse production; proteolysis; Trifolium pratense; silage making; ascorbic acid; boiling; free amino acids; Medicago sativa; pH
Abstract:
... Unwilted red clover and alfalfa herbage were hand-chopped, inoculated, ensiled into laboratory silos and opened after 0, 1, 3 and 7 days. Proteolysis was 40% lower with the red clover silage than alfalfa silage after 7 days of ensiling. The lower extent of proteolysis with the red clover silages could not be explained by differences in dry matter content, pH decline nor final pH of the silage. It ...
Handle:
10113/26425

24. Residual glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activity in thermally processed poultry and poultry products as an indicator of end-point temperatures

Author:
Senter, Samuel D.; Searcy, Gayle K.; Wilson, Ruel L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1995 v.68 no.1 pp. 19-23
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
chicken meat; turkey meat; aspartate transaminase; temperature; heat treatment
Abstract:
... Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities in chicken and turkey thigh and breast meat samples, thermally processed at 60-84 degrees C in a model heat-treating system, were evaluated for use as indicators of end-point cooking temperatures (EPT). Wings, breasts, thighs and legs from commercially cooked, whole, roasted chickens and commercially processed products containing chicken and turke ...
Handle:
10113/43034
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740680104

25. Silk maysin content and resistance of commercial corn [maize] hybrids to kernel contamination of aflatoxin

Author:
Widstrom, Neil W.; Snook, Maurice E.; Wilson, David M.; Cleveland, Thomas E.; McMillian, William W.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1995 v.67 no.3 pp. 317-321
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
antibiosis; Zea mays; hybrids; seeds; chemical constituents of plants; food contamination; flavones; corn; aflatoxins; varietal resistance; chlorogenic acid; glycosides; Aspergillus flavus; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... Several phenols and related compounds have been shown to have detrimental effects on insects while others have antibiotic activity against fungi which attack higher plants. Insects have also been implicated as contributors to preharvest contamination of corn [maize], Zea mays L, by aflatoxin. The objectives, therefore, were to determine (a) if commercial corn hybrids vary in their silk maysin cont ...
Handle:
10113/43028
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740670307

26. Derivation of a cocoa butter equivalent from jojoba transesterified ester via a differential scanning calorimetry index

Author:
Sessa, D.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1996 v.72 no.3 pp. 295-298
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
enthalpy; jojoba oil; transesterification; physicochemical properties; esterification; plant fats; cocoa (beverage); mixtures; wax esters; calorimetry; thermal properties
Abstract:
... A series of wax ester blends was constructed by transesterifying native jojoba oil with 50-500 g kg-1 completely hydrogenated jojoba wax esters. This series, when subjected to a standardised differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tempering method gave either 1, 2 or 3 enthalpic events which represented the diunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated species. These species were verified by measur ...
Handle:
10113/25034
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199611)72:3<295::AID-JSFA657>3.0.CO;2-B

27. Determination of volatile and semivolatile contaminants in meat by supercritical fluid extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Author:
Snyder, J.M.; King, J.W.; Nam, K.S.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1996 v.72 no.1 pp. 25-30
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
meat; extraction; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; volatile compounds; aldehydes; aromatic hydrocarbons; lipid peroxidation; food storage; smoke; fires
Abstract:
... Meat products that were exposed to a warehouse fire were collected and examined to identify contaminants present in the samples. An extraction method using supercritical carbon dioxide at 100 atm and 60 degrees C was developed to analyse and characterise volatile and semi-volatile compounds from the samples. The major volatile compounds were lipid oxidation products, such as hexanal and nonanal. V ...
Handle:
10113/25160
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199609)72:1<25::AID-JSFA617>3.0.CO;2-A

28. Effects of water and mineral nutrient deficiencies on pyrrolizidine alkaloid content of Senecio vulgaris flowers

Author:
Brown, M.S.; Molyneux, R.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1996 v.70 no.2 pp. 209-211
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
water content; Senecio vulgaris; toxicity; pyrrolizidine alkaloids; nutrient deficiencies; nutrient content; flowers; water deprivation; rangelands
Abstract:
... The flowers of Senecio vulgaris contain the alkaloids senecionine, seneciphylline, and their N-oxides, compounds which are toxic to some grazing animals. Deficiencies of water, mineral nutrients, or both did not significantly alter concentrations of the individual alkaloids. However, more favourable growing conditions resulted in a greater quantity of flowers, which animals find quite palatable, s ...
Handle:
10113/22038
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199602)70:2<209::AID-JSFA485>3.0.CO;2-7

29. Development of volatile compounds during fruit maturation: characterization of apricot and plum x apricot hybrids

Author:
Gomez, E.; Ledbetter, C.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1997 v.74 no.4 pp. 541-546
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Prunus armeniaca; Prunus salicina; ripening; volatile compounds; odors; hybrids; interspecific hybridization; alcohols; lactones; brix; acidity; color; crop quality
Abstract:
... Optimum fruit quality depends upon a number of factors, including fruit developmental stage at harvest. The volatile constituents present in apricot fruit and plumcot accession P251-002 during three different developmental stages have been studied, as well as some physical characteristics such as weight, firmness, degree Brix, titratable acidity and flesh and skin colour. The volatile compounds be ...
Handle:
10113/48425
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199708)74:4<541::AID-JSFA851>3.0.CO;2-D

30. Diferulate cross-links impede the enzymatic degradation of non-lignified maize walls

Author:
Grabber, J.H.; Hatfield, R.D.; Ralph, J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1998 v.77 no.2 pp. 193-200
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
glycosidases; Zea mays; xylan; cell walls; esterases; monosaccharides; pectins; cellulose; hydrolysis; biological resistance; uronic acids; enzyme activity; ferulic acid; cell suspension culture
Abstract:
... We assessed the effect of ferulate substitution and diferulate cross-linking of xylans on the degradation of cell walls by two fungal enzyme mixtures, one of which contained feruloyl esterase and high xylanase activities. Nonlignified cell suspensions of maize (Zea mays) were grown with 0 or 40 micromolar 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid to produce walls with normal (17.2 mg g-1) or reduced (5.1 mg ...
Handle:
10113/13662
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199806)77:2<193::AID-JSFA25>3.0.CO;2-A

31. Severe inhibition of maize wall degradation by synthetic lignins formed with conifer aldehyde

Author:
Grabber, J.H.; Ralph, J.; Hatfield, R.D.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1998 v.78 no.1 pp. 81-87
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Zea mays; coniferyl alcohol; sugars; cell walls; polymerization; hydrogen peroxide; cellulases; biological resistance; chemical structure; cell wall components; chemical constituents of plants; enzyme activity; lignin; peroxidase; aldehydes
Abstract:
... Although the enzymatic or ruminal degradability of plants deficient in cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is often greater than their normal counterparts, factors responsible for these degradability differences have not been identified. Since lignins in CAD deficient plants often contain elevated concentrations of aldehydes, we used a cell-wall model system to evaluate what effect aldehyde-conta ...
Handle:
10113/13666
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199809)78:1<81::AID-JSFA86>3.0.CO;2-N

32. Ultracentrifugal and polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic studies of extractability and stability of almond meal proteins

Author:
Wolf, W.J.; Sathe, S.K.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1998 v.78 no.4 pp. 511-521
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
polypeptides; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; chemical precipitation; ultracentrifugation; pH; sodium chloride; almonds; ionic strength; globulins; cold; plant proteins
Abstract:
... Solubility and stability properties of almond proteins were determined using ultracentrifugation and gel electrophoresis to gain a better insight into the complexity of these proteins. Ultracentrifugal analyses of the water-extractable proteins of defatted almond meal revealed four fractions of 2S, 9S, 14S and 19S. The 14S fraction corresponds to amandin, the classical globulin isolated earlier, a ...
Handle:
10113/25479
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199812)78:4<511::AID-JSFA148>3.0.CO;2-X

33. Antioxidant properties of 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-beta,beta'-bicinnamic acid (8-8-diferulic acid, non-cyclic form)

Author:
Garcia-Conesa, M.T.; Wilson, P.D.; Plumb, G.W.; Ralph, J.; Williamson, G.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1999 v.79 no.3 pp. 379-384
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
ferulic acid; synthesis; chemical structure; oxidation; lipid peroxidation; phospholipids; spectral analysis; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Abstract:
... 8-8-Diferulic acid (non-cyclic form) (4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-beta-beta'-bicinnamic acid) was chemically synthesised and the antioxidant properties were assessed using (a) inhibition of ascorbate/iron-induced peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine liposomes, and (b) scavenging of the radical cation of ABTS (2,2'-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonate)) relative to the water-soluble vita ...
Handle:
10113/13673
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(19990301)79:3<379::AID-JSFA259>3.0.CO;2-V

34. Cell wall cross-linking by ferulates and diferulates in grasses

Author:
Hatfield, R.D.; Ralph, J.; Grabber, J.H.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1999 v.79 no.3 pp. 403-407
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
crosslinking; grasses; chemical reactions; cell walls; Lolium perenne; lignification; esters; cell wall components; polysaccharides; lignin; ferulic acid
Abstract:
... Ferulate polysaccharide esters in grasses enter into free-radical condensation reactions in the cell wall. By radical dimerisation of ferulates, polysaccharide-polysaccharide cross-linking is effected. A range of diferulate isomers are produced, not solely the 5-5' -coupled dimer which has been quantified historically. Both ferulates and diferulates enter lignification reactions and become intimat ...
Handle:
10113/13674
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(19990301)79:3<403::AID-JSFA263>3.0.CO;2-0

35. Modelling the feasibility of intramolecular dehydrodiferulate formation in grass walls

Author:
Hatfield, R.D.; Ralph, J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1999 v.79 no.3 pp. 425-427
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
grasses; simulation models; xylan; chemical reactions; cell walls; xylose; arabinose; cell wall components; molecular conformation; ferulic acid
Abstract:
... Molecular modelling is a useful tool for predicting and visualising molecular interactions, eg providing a means of predicting the feasibility of covalent bond formation between macromolecules. Molecular modelling was used to evaluate the feasibility of intramolecular diferulate formation. Two ferulates were positioned at various locations along the backbone of an arabinoxylan (16 xylose residues) ...
Handle:
10113/13675
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(19990301)79:3<425::AID-JSFA282>3.0.CO;2-U

36. Diferulates as structural components in soluble and insoluble cereal dietary fibre

Author:
Bunzel, M.; Ralph, J.; Marita, J.M.; Hatfield, R.D.; Steinhart, H.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2001 v.81 no.7 pp. 653-660
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
corn; wheat; Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta; food grains; rice; barley; rye; oats; millets; diferulic acid; chemical composition; xylan; dietary fiber; arabinoxylan
Abstract:
... Cell wall cross-linking can have a substantial effect on the properties of the wall. To estimate cross-linking (between arabinoxylans) in cereal fibres, dehydrodiferulate levels were measured in soluble and insoluble dietary fibre (SDF and IDF) isolated from whole grains of maize (Zen mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), spelt (Triticum spelta L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), wild rice (Zizania aqu ...
Handle:
10113/13991
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.861

37. Emulsifying activity and emulsion stability of corn gluten meal

Author:
Wu, Y.V.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2001 v.81 no.13 pp. 1223-1227
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
solutions; potassium hydroxide; sodium hydroxide; emulsifying; alkalinity; particle size; pH; corn gluten meal; sodium chloride; emulsions
Abstract:
... Corn gluten meal with good emulsifying activity and emulsion stability may have potential in food uses. Commercial corn gluten meal from various producers had a pH around 4 and showed no emulsifying activity. Reducing the particle size to below 15 micrometer or increasing the pH to 6.6 (with particle size above 53 micrometer) did not improve the emulsifying activity. When the particle size was red ...
Handle:
10113/24675
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.934

38. Assessment of iron bioavailability from twenty elite late-maturing tropical maize varieties using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model

Author:
Oikeh, S.O.; Menkir, A.; Maziya-Dixon, B.; Welch, R.M.; Glahn, R.P.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.10 pp. 1202-1206
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cultivars; Zea mays; in vitro digestion; nutrient availability; iron; corn; intestinal absorption; intestinal mucosa; cell lines; mineral content
Abstract:
... An in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model was used to assess iron bioavailability of twenty elite late-maturing tropical maize varieties grown in three diverse agroecologies in West and Central Africa (WCA). Kernel-iron concentration of the varieties, averaged across locations, varied from 19.2 to 24.4 mg kg-1, while mean kernel-zinc concentration ranged between 19.4 and 24.6 mg kg-1. Significant di ...
Handle:
10113/19295
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1805

39. Elevated carbon dioxide affects fruit flavor in field-grown strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch)

Author:
Wang, S.Y.; Bunce, J.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.12 pp. 1464-1468
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
carbon dioxide; strawberries; sugars; Fragaria ananassa; carbohydrate content; elevated atmospheric gases; flavor; odor compounds; fruit composition; odors
Abstract:
... The effect of elevated carbon dioxide on fruit quality and aroma volatile composition in field-grown strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) was studied. Elevating the ambient CO2 concentration (ambient + 300, and ambient +600 micromol mol-1 CO2) resulted in high fruit dry matter, fructose, glucose and total sugar contents and low citric and malic acid contents. High CO2 growing conditions signifi ...
Handle:
10113/19297
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1824

40. Flavonoid glycosides and antioxidant capacity of various blackberry, blueberry and red grape genotypes determined by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

Author:
Cho, M.J.; Howard, L.R.; Prior, R.L.; Clark, J.R.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.13 pp. 1771-1782
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
wine grapes; flavonols; mass spectrometry; fruit composition; reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography; blackberries; antioxidant activity; blueberries; glycosides
Abstract:
... Anthocyanin and flavonol glycosides of various blackberry, blueberry and red wine grape genotypes were identified and measured by a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) separation method with photodiode array (PDA) and mass spectrometric (MS) detection. With this method, two distinct elution regions of anthocyanins and flavonols were obtained with near baseline separation of most compoun ...
Handle:
10113/19298
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1885

41. Note on utilisation of peanut seed testa

Author:
Sobolev, V.S.; Cole, R.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.1 pp. 105-111
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
testa; sensory evaluation; brandy; construction materials; food processing wastes; long chain fatty acids; waste utilization; food processing; oxidative stability; fatty acid esters; peanut hulls; liqueurs; extraction; value-added products; peanut oil
Abstract:
... Peanut testae (skins, seed coats) are an extremely low value by-product of peanut-blanching operations. Their commercial value is $12-20 per ton and their limited use is only as a minor component of cattle feed. Based on world in-shell peanut production of 29.1 million tons in 1999/2000 and an average skin content of 2.6%, world production of peanut skins can be estimated at over 750 000 tons annu ...
Handle:
10113/19291
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1593

42. Optimising flax production in the South Atlantic region of the USA

Author:
Foulk, J.A.; Akin, D.E.; Dodd, R.B.; Frederick, J.R.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.8 pp. 870-876
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
harvest date; Linum usitatissimum; dry matter accumulation; plant density; crop yield; fiber quality; flax; South Carolina
Abstract:
... Worldwide the USA is the largest user of flax fibre, though very little is actually grown or produced in the USA. Ariane flax was grown in 1990-1991, 1991-1992 and 1998-1999 in South Carolina, USA and evaluated for production characteristics. Plots (15 m long and 2 m wide) in the fall of 1990 and 1991 generated dry matter plant yields ranging from 4510 (early harvest at a seeding rate of 67 kg ha- ...
Handle:
10113/19293
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1738

43. Processing of soybean hulls to enhance the distribution and extraction of value-added proteins

Author:
Sessa, D.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.1 pp. 75-82
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
soybean hulls; food processing; dry milling; fractionation; particle size distribution; extraction; plant proteins; peroxidase; proteinase inhibitors; proximate composition
Abstract:
... Soybean hulls contain peroxidase (SBP) and Bowman-Birk type protease inhibitor (BBI). SBP is used in the European bread-baking industry, and BBI isolated from dehulled, defatted soy flour possesses cancer-preventive and anticarcinogenic properties. Because hulls possess a low percentage of nitrogen, with fibre and other carbohydrates being the major components, our objective was to determine wheth ...
Handle:
10113/19290
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1612

44. Rice kernel phenolic content and its relationship with antiradical efficiency

Author:
Goffman, F.D.; Bergman, C.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.10 pp. 1235-1240
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cultivars; rice; free radicals; rice bran; free radical scavengers; tannins; color; food composition; antioxidant activity
Abstract:
... Plant phenolics exert beneficial effects on human health and may also prevent oxidative deterioration of food. Two field experiments were carried out for characterising phenolics in rice. The first assay was conducted in 1999 and 2000 in Beaumont, TX and included five light-brown, two purple and 10 red pericarp coloured cultivars. 'Bran colour' was highly statistically significant for both bran ph ...
Handle:
10113/19296
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1780

45. Spaghetti cooking quality of waxy and non-waxy durum wheats and blends

Author:
Grant, L.A.; Doehlert, D.C.; McMullen, M.S.; Vignaux, N.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.2 pp. 190-196
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
pasta; blended foods; durum wheat; Triticum turgidum subsp. durum; cultivars; food composition; lipid composition; cooking quality; firmness; starch
Abstract:
... Quality attributes of waxy durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L), milled semolina and cooked spaghetti were examined and compared with those of two non-waxy durum cultivars. With the exception of kernel hardness, wheat quality characteristics were similar for both waxy and non-waxy durum. Compared with average values obtained for durum wheat grown in North Dakota (USA) during the crop year 2000, the v ...
Handle:
10113/19289
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1633

46. Storage and ultraviolet-induced tissue stress effects on fresh-cut pineapple

Author:
Lamikanra, O.; Richard, O.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.14 pp. 1812-1816
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
pineapples; fresh-cut foods; raw fruit; food storage; ultraviolet radiation; postharvest physiology; plant stress; storage quality; volatile organic compounds; odors; cold storage; sesquiterpenoids; phytoalexins; antimicrobial properties; food spoilage
Abstract:
... The effect of UV-induced stress on the volatile aroma compounds in cut pineapple was compared with that of storage at 4 °C for 24 h. Eighteen volatile compounds were identified by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) in fresh-cut pineapple. Methyl-2-methylbutanoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl 5-hexenoate, ethyl hexanoate and ethyl 5-hexenoate were the major aroma compounds. Storage at 4 °C for 24 h, a ...
Handle:
10113/19299
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1891

47. Technical note on a much simplified method for collecting ruminal fluid using a nylon paint strainer

Author:
Leyendecker, S.A.; Callaway, T.R.; Anderson, R.C.; Nisbet, D.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.4 pp. 387-389
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
samplers; cows; rumen fluids; collectors
Abstract:
... Collection of ruminal fluid for in vitro experimentation has traditionally been accomplished by straining rumen digesta through multiple layers of cheesecloth or other cumbersome filtering materials, such as surgical gauze, nylon tissues or wire gauzes. We here report a comparison of the gross physical, fermentative and microbial characteristics of ruminal fluid collected by straining through chee ...
Handle:
10113/19292
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1673

48. UV-C irradiation reduces breakdown and chilling injury of peaches during cold storage

Author:
Gonzalez-Aguilar, G.; Wang, C.Y.; Buta, G.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2004 v.84 no.5 pp. 415-422
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
peaches; cold storage; chilling injury; food irradiation; ultraviolet radiation; storage quality; texture; firmness; postharvest physiology; ethylene production; cell respiration; putrescine; spermidine; spermine; postharvest treatment
Abstract:
... Pre-storage exposure of peaches (Prunus persica cv Jefferson) with UV-C irradiation for 3, 5 or 10 min significantly reduced chilling injury after 14 and 21 days of storage at 5°C plus 7 days of shelf-life at 20°C. Similar reduction in fungal decay was also found by these treatments. Skin browning and UV damage were found to be moderate to severe in peaches after the 15 or 20 min of UV-C treatment ...
Handle:
10113/19294
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1675

49. Antioxidant activity and characterization of volatile constituents of beechwood creosote

Author:
Lee, K.G.; Lee, S.E.; Takeoka, G.R.; Kim, J.H.; Park, B.S.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.9 pp. 1580-1586
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Fagus; wood; creosote; volatile organic compounds; antioxidants; antioxidant activity; food additives; herbal medicines; medicinal properties
Abstract:
... Volatile constituents of beechwood creosote were determined using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major volatile constituents of creosote were 2-methoxyphenol (guaiacol; 25.2%) 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol (4-methylguaiacol; 21.4%), 3-methylphenol (m-cresol; 8.3%) 4-methylphenol (p-cresol; 7.9%) 2-methylphenol (o-cresol; 4.6%) and phenol (2.8%). The antiox ...
Handle:
10113/19306
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2156

50. Antioxidant capacity of fresh-cut vegetables exposed to ionizing radiation

Author:
Fan, X.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.6 pp. 995-1000
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
fresh-cut foods; head lettuce; romaine lettuce; endive; food irradiation; ionizing radiation; antioxidant activity; food composition; phenolic compounds; storage time; enzymatic browning
Abstract:
... The effect of ionizing radiation on antioxidant capacity, phenolic content and tissue browning of three vegetables was studied. Midrib and non-midrib leaf tissues of Romaine and Iceberg lettuce and endive were irradiated with gamma-rays at 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 kGy, and then stored at 7-8 degrees C for 8 days. Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of tissues as well as tissue browning were analyzed ...
Handle:
10113/19303
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2057

51. Application of transglutaminase to derivatize proteins. 1. Studies on soluble proteins and preliminary results on wool

Author:
Gembeh, S.V.; Farrell, H.M. Jr.; Taylor, M.M.; Brown, E.M.; Marmer, W.N.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.3 pp. 418-424
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
crosslinking; kappa-casein; protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase; amines; enzymatic treatment; gelatin; enzyme activity; fiber quality; wool
Abstract:
... The use of enzymes in chemical processing is gaining favour due to the reduction of hazardous chemicals and because it is considered to be environmentally safe. The acyl transfer reaction between primary amines and glutamine residues in proteins is catalysed by the enzyme transglutaminase. The efficiency of microbial transglutaminase to attach functional amines and catalyse inter- and intra-molecu ...
Handle:
10113/19300
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1999

52. Comparison of two headspace solid phase microextraction fibres for the detection of volatile chemical concentration changes due to industrial processing of orange juice

Author:
Jordan, M.J.; Goodner, K.L.; Castillo, M.; Laencina, J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.6 pp. 1065-1071
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
headspace analysis; food processing; orange juice; solid phase extraction; microextraction; flavor compounds; volatile organic compounds; alcohols; aldehydes; esters; terpenoids; pasteurization
Abstract:
... Solid phase microextraction (SPME) with two polymeric coatings, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyacrylate (PA), was used to isolate and quantitate orange juice volatile compounds from the headspace of fresh orange juice after the finishing, deaeration and pasteurisation processes. The results from the two fibres were largely consistent. Statistically significant changes in concentration due to ...
Handle:
10113/19304
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2065

53. Effect of initial oxygen concentration and film oxygen transmission rate on the quality of fresh-cut romaine lettuce

Author:
Kim, J.G.; Luo, Y.; Tao, Y.; Saftner, R.A.; Gross, K.C.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.10 pp. 1622-1630
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
romaine lettuce; fresh-cut foods; modified atmosphere packaging; oxygen; permeability; plastic film; polypropylenes; packaging materials; storage quality; postharvest physiology; cell respiration
Abstract:
... Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is widely used to maintain the quality of fresh-cut produce by matching the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of the packaging film to the respiration rate of the packaged product. The effect of the interaction between film OTR and the initial headspace O2 on quality of fresh-cut vegetables has not previously been reported. Romaine lettuce leaves were sliced, washe ...
Handle:
10113/19308
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2158

54. Effect of starch on the thermal kinetics and transmittance properties of lysozyme

Author:
Mohamed, A.A.; Rayas-Duarte, P.; Kim, S.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.3 pp. 450-458
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
lysozyme; food preservatives; wheat starch; semolina; durum wheat; differential scanning calorimetry; thermodynamics; potato starch; transmittance; denaturation; protein folding
Abstract:
... Lysozyme is being tested for use as a preservative in the food industry. The interaction between starch and lysozyme will help in recommending starch or starch fractions as carriers for lysozyme. The effect of starch fractions on the folding and unfolding of lysozyme was estimated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), kinetics and transmittance turbidometry. Lysozyme was unfolded (heated to ...
Handle:
10113/25885
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2001

55. Flavonol glycosides and antioxidant capacity of various blackberry and blueberry genotypes determined by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

Author:
Cho, M.J.; Howard, L.R.; Prior, R.L.; Clark, J.R.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.13 pp. 2149-2158
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cultivars; hybrids; free radicals; flavonols; high performance liquid chromatography; free radical scavengers; mass spectrometry; genotype; fruit composition; interspecific hybridization; blackberries; antioxidant activity; blueberries; glycosides; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... Flavonol glycoside composition and content in blueberry and blackberry extracts were determined using a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) separation method coupled with photodiode array (PDA) and mass spectrometric (MS) detection. The hydrophilic antioxidant capacities of crude and fractionated flavonol extracts were also determined by the oxygen radical-absorbing capacity (ORAC(FL)) ...
Handle:
10113/19312
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2209

56. Influence of soil type and storage conditions on sensory qualities of fresh-cut cantaloupe (Cucumis melo)

Author:
Bett-Garber, K.L.; Lamikanra, O.; Lester, G.E.; Ingram, D.A.; Watson, M.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.5 pp. 825-830
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cantaloupes; clay soils; texture; Cucumis melo; food storage; storage temperature; storage quality; flavor; fresh-cut foods; fruit growing; enzyme activity; peroxidase; sandy loam soils
Abstract:
... On-farm cantaloupe (Cucumis melo) production as well as fresh-cut storage duration can affect postharvest fruit sensory attributes. Both effects of soil type during production of cantaloupe fruits and storage temperature after fresh-cut processing on sensory flavour and texture attributes were determined. Melons grown in sandy loam vs heavy clay soil were lower in sweet aromatic and sweet taste an ...
Handle:
10113/19301
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.1970

57. Kernel texture differences among US soft wheat cultivars

Author:
Morris, C.F.; Campbell, K.G.; King, G.E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.11 pp. 1959-1965
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cultivars; texture; soft white wheat; near-infrared spectroscopy; milling quality; Triticum aestivum; soft red winter wheat; United States
Abstract:
... Kernel texture is a key factor in the quality and utilization of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L), yet the variation in kernel texture among US soft wheat cultivars is largely unknown. This study evaluated the following hypothesis: soft wheat cultivars differ in kernel texture due to minor genetic factor(s). Once identified, selected contrasting cultivars could serve as candidates for crop improve ...
Handle:
10113/19311
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2202

58. Microstructural, cooking and textural characteristics of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) tubers in relation to physicochemical and functional properties of their flours

Author:
Singh, N.; Kaur, L.; Ezekiel, R.; Guraya, H.S.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.8 pp. 1275-1284
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
microstructure; cultivars; texture; amylose; Solanum tuberosum; potatoes; potato flour; pasting properties; cooking quality; thermal properties
Abstract:
... Potato tubers from six different cultivars were freeze-dried, ground into flour and analyzed for thermal, pasting and textural characteristics (using differential scanning calorimetry, Rapid Visco analyzer and Instron universal testing machine, respectively) to study the relationship between flour characteristics and cooked potato mealiness. The potatoes with higher sensory mealiness scores result ...
Handle:
10113/19305
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2108

59. Peanut polyamines may be non-allergenic

Author:
Chung, S.Y.; Champagne, E.T.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.6 pp. 990-994
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
peanuts; humans; allergenicity; spermine; spermidine; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; putrescine; immunoglobulin E; antigen-antibody reactions; food allergies
Abstract:
... Polyamines such as putrescine, spermidine and spermine have been implicated in preventing food allergies in early life, but they have also been reported to be able to bind to immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in vitro (ie they are possibly allergenic). The objective of this study was to determine if polyamines bind in vitro to IgE antibodies from a pooled serum of five peanut-allergic individuals. ...
Handle:
10113/19302
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2059

60. Polyphenol oxidase/caffeic acid may reduce the allergenic properties of peanut allergens

Author:
Chung, S.Y.; Kato, Y.; Champagne, E.T.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.15 pp. 2631-2637
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
peanuts; allergens; food processing; detoxification (processing); caffeic acid; catechol oxidase; allergenicity; crosslinking; plant proteins; tyrosine; epitopes
Abstract:
... Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) catalyzes the oxidation of tyrosine residues of proteins and, therefore, their cross-linking. Previously we demonstrated that cross-links produced by peroxidase (POD), which also catalyzes tyrosine oxidation, led to a reduction in the allergenic properties of peanut allergens. We postulated in this study that PPO can also reduce the allergenic properties by cross-linking t ...
Handle:
10113/19313
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2302

61. Prediction of fat in intact cereal food products using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Author:
Kays, S.E.; Archibald, D.D.; Sohn, M.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2005 v.85 no.9 pp. 1596-1602
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
lipid content; breakfast cereals; pasta; food analysis; snack foods; near-infrared spectroscopy; flour; food grains; food composition; baked goods
Abstract:
... To evaluate the feasibility of an intact product approach to the near-infrared (NIR) determination of fat content, a rapid acquisition spectrometer, with an InGaAs diode-array detector and custom built sampling device, was used to obtain reflectance spectra (1100-1700 nm) of diverse cereal food products. Fat content reference data were obtained gravimetrically by extraction with petroleum ether (A ...
Handle:
10113/19307
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2157

62. A systematic approach for extraction of phenolic compounds using parsley (Petroselinum crispum) flakes as a model substrate

Author:
Luthria, D.L.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Kwansa, A.L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.9 pp. 1350-1358
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
acetone; model food systems; mixing; methanol; food matrix; Petroselinum crispum; food processing; polar compounds; pressure treatment; solvents; parsley; flakes; extraction; yields; chemical treatment; ethanol; apigenin; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... The impact of extraction methodology and polarity of extraction solvents on the assay of phenolic compounds was investigated using parsley (Petroselinum crispum) flakes as a model substrate. This systematic study was undertaken to address substantial variations in the extraction procedures, solvents and conditions as described in the recent literature. Five different extraction procedures [shaking ...
Handle:
10113/19316
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2521

63. Acidified sodium chlorite as an alternative to chlorine to control microbial growth on shredded carrots while maintaining quality

Author:
Ruiz Cruz, S.; Luo, Y.; Gonzalez, R.J.; Tao, Y.; González, G.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.12 pp. 1887-1893
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
shelf life; electrolytes; minimally processed foods; microbial growth; food additives; bacterial contamination; food storage; carrots; washing; Escherichia coli; chemical concentration; coliform bacteria; food processing quality; chlorine; yeasts; appearance (quality); food preservation; plate count; storage time; firmness; molds (fungi); food contamination; lactic acid bacteria; shredding; pH; anti-infective agents
Abstract:
... Shredded carrots are particularly susceptible to microbial growth and quality deterioration as a result of a large cut surface area to mass ratio. Acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) in the concentration range 500-1200 microliter L⁻¹ has been shown to have stronger efficacy against pathogens and spoilage bacteria than chlorine and does not form carcinogenic products. However, ASC in this concentration ...
Handle:
10113/19317
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2550

64. Beneficial effects of berry fruit polyphenols on neuronal and behavioral aging

Author:
Lau, F.C.; Shukitt-Hale, B.; Joseph, J.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.14 pp. 2251-2255
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
functional foods; neuroprotective effect; polyphenols; elderly; anti-inflammatory activity; Alzheimer disease; neurons; small fruits; cardiovascular diseases; inflammation; nutritive value; elderly nutrition; human behavior; plant-based foods; antioxidant activity; oxidative stress
Abstract:
... It is becoming increasingly clear that although there is a great deal of research being devoted to elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in aging, practical information on how to forestall or reverse the deleterious effects of aging may be years away. Therefore, it may be beneficial to determine other methods to improve the quality of life in the aging population. A plethora of epidemiolog ...
Handle:
10113/10615
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2671

65. Flavonoid metabolism and challenges to understanding mechanisms of health effects

Author:
Prior, R.L.; Wu, X.; Gu, L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.15 pp. 2487-2491
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
proanthocyanidins; attitudes and opinions; bioactive properties; methylation; nutrient availability; human health; biochemical mechanisms; human physiology; synergism; intestinal absorption; flavonoids; vegetables
Abstract:
... It is becoming clear that study of the health effects of flavonoids is going to require a multidisciplinary approach in order to fully understand the often complex chemistry of the flavonoids as well as the biology and health effects. Future research needs increased focus on metabolism of flavonoids in the gut, the compounds that are being absorbed, and the concentrations and forms of the flavonoi ...
Handle:
10113/19320
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2611

66. Greenhouse gas mitigation by covers on livestock slurry tanks and lagoons?

Author:
Petersen, S.O.; Miller, D.N.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.10 pp. 1407-1411
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
liquid manure; slurries; manure storage; tanks; waste lagoons; pollution control; gas emissions; methane; nitrous oxide; greenhouse gases
Abstract:
... Liquid manure (slurry) storage facilities are important point sources of atmospheric pollution. Being point sources, containment of gaseous emissions via improved storage conditions may be possible, and permeable surface covers (natural crusts and artificial covers) are increasingly recognized for their capacity to reduce various gaseous emissions. Microbial transformations in permeable surface co ...
Handle:
10113/8732
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2543

67. Historical shifts in the seed mineral micronutrient concentration of US hard red winter wheat germplasm

Author:
Garvin, D.F.; Welch, R.M.; Finley, J.W.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.13 pp. 2213-2220
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
seeds; mineral content; hard red winter wheat; germplasm; Triticum aestivum; iron; zinc; copper; selenium; agricultural history; genetic improvement; crop yield; genotype; chemical constituents of plants; food analysis; food composition; United States
Abstract:
... The yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) has greatly improved through breeding, but it is not known how this has affected seed micronutrient content. In the present study, the iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and selenium (Se) content of seed of 14 US hard red winter wheat varieties from production eras spanning more than a century was measured. The seed that was analyzed was obtained ...
Handle:
10113/19318
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2601

68. Iron (Fe) bioavailability and the distribution of anti-Fe nutrition biochemicals in the unpolished, polished grain and bran fraction of five rice genotypes

Author:
Prom-u-thai, C.; Huang, L.; Glahn, R.P.; Welch, R.M.; Fukai, S.; Rerkasem, B.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.8 pp. 1209-1215
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cultivars; hulling; nutrient content; bran; phytic acid; nutrient availability; cell culture; iron; food quality; brown rice; antinutritional factors; tannins; genotype; genetic variation
Abstract:
... Iron (Fe) bioavailability in unpolished, polished grain and bran fraction of five rice genotypes with a range of Fe contents was measured by in vitro digestion and cultured Caco-2 cells of cooked grain. There was a significant difference in Fe bioavailability among the five rice genotypes tested, in both the unpolished and polished grain. The range of Fe bioavailability variation in polished rice ...
Handle:
10113/19315
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2471

69. Optimization of extraction process for phenolic acids from black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) by pressurized liquid extraction

Author:
Mukhopadhyay, S.; Luthria, D.L.; Robbins, R.J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.1 pp. 156-162
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
particles; caffeic acid; Actaea racemosa; medicinal plants; ferulic acid; particle size; sinapic acid; pressure treatment; extraction; rhizomes; heat treatment; roots
Abstract:
... An investigation to optimize the extraction of phenolic acids from black cohosh using a pressurized liquid extractor system was studied with the aim of developing a generalized approach for sample preparation of phenolic compounds from plant matrices. Operating parameters such as solvent composition, solid-to-solvent ratio, temperature, particle size distribution, and number of extraction cycles w ...
Handle:
10113/2242
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2326

70. Significance of sample preparation in developing analytical methodologies for accurate estimation of bioactive compounds in functional foods

Author:
Luthria, D.L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.14 pp. 2266-2272
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
functional foods; estimation; protective effect; sampling; food analysis; laboratory techniques; biomarkers; analytical methods; fortified foods; food technology; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... Functional foods are defined as foods or food components that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition (for the intended population). Increased interest in bioactive food components and phytochemicals has arisen from numerous epidemiological studies that suggest that certain phytochemicals can reduce risk of chronic diseases. Sales of functional foods containing high concentrations of bioact ...
Handle:
10113/19319
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2666

71. Tocopherol, phytosterol and phospholipid compositions of genetically modified peanut varieties

Author:
Jonnala, R.S.; Dunford, N.T.; Chenault, K.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2006 v.86 no.3 pp. 473-476
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; cultivars; transgenic plants; peanuts; phytosterols; vitamin content; tocopherols; phospholipids; food analysis; nutrient content; nutritive value; biosafety
Abstract:
... Genetic engineering offers great potential for developing peanut cultivars resistant to a broad spectrum of pathogens that pose a recurring threat to peanut health. In an effort to improve the disease resistance of peanuts, three transgenic peanut lines were developed. Somatic embryos of the peanut cultivar Okrun were transformed by inserting a chitinase gene from rice and/or a β-1-3-glucanase gen ...
Handle:
10113/19314
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2372

72. A critical examination of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation test for wheat meals

Author:
Morris, C.F.; Paszczynska, B.; Bettge, A.D.; King, G.E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2007 v.87 no.4 pp. 607-615
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
weight; food processing quality; wheat meal; wheat flour; durum wheat; protein content
Abstract:
... Sedimentation tests have long been used to characterise wheat flours and meals with the aim of predicting processing and end-product qualities. However, the use of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation test for durum wheat (AACC International Approved Method 56-70) has not been characterised for hexaploid wheat varieties with a diverse range of protein quality and quantity. This paper rep ...
Handle:
10113/30394
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2740

73. Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics in American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) and European elderberry (S. nigra) cultivars

Author:
Lee, Jungmin; Finn, Chad E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2007 v.87 no.14 pp. 2665-2675
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
anthocyanins; brix; polyphenols; Sambucus nigra; Sambucus canadensis; titratable acidity; pH; genotype; fruit composition
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Ten genotypes representing two elderberry species, Sambucus canadensis L. (eight genotypes) and S. nigra L. (two genotypes), were examined for their anthocyanins (ACY), total phenolics (TP),°Brix, titratable acidity (TA), and pH over two growing seasons.RESULTS: Overall, fruit generally had higher ACY, TP, ACY/TP,°Brix, and pH in 2005 than 2004. All samples of S. canadensis had similar ...
Handle:
10113/16762
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3029
PubMed:
20836175

74. Brachypodium: a new monocot model plant system emerges

Author:
Garvin, D.F.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2007 v.87 no.7 pp. 1177-1179
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
sequence analysis; grasses; plant genetics; agricultural research; wild plants; Gossypium hirsutum; genetic improvement; models; nuclear genome; Brachypodium distachyon; Sorghum bicolor
Abstract:
... The small grass species Brachypodium distachyon (purple false brome) is potentially an ideal model plant system for grass crop research. To realise this potential, a range of genetic and genomic resources have been developed in a very short period of time, and more still are in the pipeline. David Garvin explains how these resources will establish B. distachyon as the newest model plant system and ...
Handle:
10113/16535
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2868

75. Cytoprotective effects of anthocyanins and other phenolic fractions of Boysenberry and blackcurrant on dopamine and amyloid β-induced oxidative stress in transfected COS-7 cells

Author:
Ghosh, D.; McGhie, T.K.; Fisher, D.R.; Joseph, J.A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2007 v.87 no.11 pp. 2061-2067
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
boysenberries; black currants; anthocyanins; polyphenols; oxidative stress; dopamine; animal proteins; protective effect; viability; brain; cell lines
Abstract:
... There is growing interest both from consumers and researchers in the role that berries play in human health. In the experiments reported here, we assessed the ability of anthocyanins and phenolic fractions of Boysenberry and blackcurrant to ameliorate the deleterious effect of the amyloid β25-35 (100 μmol L-1, 24 h) and dopamine (1 mmol L-1, 4 h) on calcium buffering (recovery) of M1 muscarinic re ...
Handle:
10113/15210
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2964

76. Natural volatile treatments increase free-radical scavenging capacity of strawberries and blackberries

Author:
Chanjirakul, K.; Wang, S.Y.; Wang, C.Y.; Siriphanich, J.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2007 v.87 no.8 pp. 1463-1472
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
postharvest treatment; volatile compounds; strawberries; postharvest diseases; essential oils; allyl isothiocyanate; methyl jasmonate; free radical scavengers; Melaleuca alternifolia; fruit composition; blackberries; antioxidant activity
Abstract:
... Free-radical scavenging capacities of strawberries and blackberries treated with methyl jasmonate (MJ), allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea-tree oil or TTO), and ethanol (EtOH) were investigated. All of these natural volatiles tested reduced the severity of decay in both strawberries and blackberries during storage at 10 °C as compared to the control. Most of ...
Handle:
10113/16537
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2841

77. Phosphorus characterization in feces from broiler chicks fed low-phytate barley diets

Author:
Leytem, A.B.; Thacker, P.A.; Turner, B.L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2007 v.87 no.8 pp. 1495-1501
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
broiler chickens; feed composition; chicks; feces; chemical composition; phosphorus; broiler feeding; phytic acid; experimental diets; barley; mutants
Abstract:
... The inclusion of low phytate grains in poultry diets can reduce the phosphorus (P) content of poultry feces, but their influence on fecal P composition is not well established. To assess this, 100 male broiler chicks (21 days old) were fed dietary treatments based on either a wild-type barley or one of three low phytate mutant barleys with 59, 62 and 99% reductions in phytate P, compared with the ...
Handle:
10113/16538
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.2865

78. Proteomic analysis of the distribution of the major seed allergens in wild, landrace, ancestral, and modern soybean genotypes

Author:
Xu, Chenping; Caperna, Thomas J.; Garrett, Wesley M.; Cregan, Perry; Bae, Hanhong; Luthria, Devanand L.; Natarajan, Savithiry
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2007 v.87 no.13 pp. 2511-2518
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Glycine max; soybeans; landraces; cultivars; genotype; Glycine soja; wild relatives; proteome; proteomics; allergens; seeds; beta-conglycinin; glycinin
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: A comparative analysis of seed allergens from various soybean genotypes is crucial for identifying and eliminating potential allergens. We have investigated the distribution of three major allergens (Gly m Bd 60K, Gly m Bd 30K and Gly m Bd 28K) in wild, landrace, ancestral and modern soybean genotypes.RESULTS: Gly m Bd 60K allergens consist of α subunits of β-conglycinin and G2 subunit ...
Handle:
10113/16730
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3017

79. Characterization of p-coumarate accumulation, p-coumaroyl transferase, and cell wall changes during the development of corn stems

Author:
Hatfield, Ronald D.; Marita, Jane M.; Frost, Kenneth
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.14 pp. 2529-2537
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Zea mays; corn; plant development; stems; chemical constituents of plants; cell walls; p-coumaric acid; transferases; enzyme activity; cell wall components; lignin; lignification
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Developmental changes occur in corn (Zea mays L.) stems from cell initiation to fully mature cell types. During cell wall maturation the lignin is acylated with p-coumarates (pCA). This work describes characterization studies of the p-coumaroylation process in relation to corn stem development.RESULTS: Corn plants from three locations were harvested and tissues were analyzed from all n ...
Handle:
10113/21106
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3376

80. Clarification of reconstituted frozen orange juice concentrate by continuous flow centrifugation for limonin glucoside solid phase extraction

Author:
Breksa III, Andrew P.; Manners, Gary D.; Ibarra, Phil Jr.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.12 pp. 2213-2218
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
frozen juice; orange juice; food processing; glucosides; limonin; solid phase extraction; centrifugation; juice concentrates
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The suitability of continuous flow centrifugation for the clarification of reconstituted frozen orange juice concentrate prior to its application to a solid phase extraction column for the isolation of limonin glucoside was evaluated. Clarification experiments spanning three flow rates (325, 588 and 875 mL min⁻¹) and three rotor speeds (equivalent to 2130, 8521 and 19 172 x g) were con ...
Handle:
10113/18986
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3338

81. Cloning of an alfalfa polyphenol oxidase gene and evaluation of its potential in preventing postharvest protein degradation

Author:
Sullivan, Michael L.; Hatfield, Ronald D.; Samac, Deborah A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.8 pp. 1406-1414
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Medicago sativa; alfalfa; molecular cloning; catechol oxidase; genes; nucleotide sequences; gene expression; messenger RNA; flowers; pods; enzyme activity; enzyme substrates; enzyme inhibition; proteolysis; silage making
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Ensiling forages often leads to degradation of protein to non-protein nitrogen (NPN), which is poorly utilized by ruminants. Postharvest protein degradation is especially high in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In contrast, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) has up to 90% less protein loss during ensiling due to polyphenol oxidase (PPO) forming o-quinones from endogenous o-diphenols and ...
Handle:
10113/17188
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3232

82. Comparison of volatile emissions from undamaged and mechanically damaged almonds

Author:
Beck, John J.; Higbee, Bradley S.; Merrill, Glory B.; Roitman, James N.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.8 pp. 1363-1368
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
alcohols; volatile organic compounds; mechanical damage; esters; emissions; almonds; Prunus dulcis
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The navel orangeworm (NOW) Amyelois transitella (Walker) is a major insect pest of almonds causing considerable monetary setbacks for both growers and processors, and thus control of NOW is one of the top priorities for the almond industry. Field observations purport that NOW is attracted to previously injured almonds. Accordingly, in this study the volatile output of damaged almonds w ...
Handle:
10113/17241
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3224

83. Effect of production site and storage on antioxidant levels in specialty potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers

Author:
Rosenthal, Sarah; Jansky, Shelley
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.12 pp. 2087-2092
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cultivars; agricultural soils; soil organic matter; food storage; food quality; clones; storage quality; potatoes; potassium; soil fertility; soil pH; antioxidant activity; organic foods; antioxidants; phosphorus
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The potato can make a significant contribution of antioxidants to the human diet. In this study, antioxidant levels in tubers of 14 specialty potato clones grown at four production sites (two conventional, two organic), both fresh and stored, were examined across 2 years.RESULTS: Antioxidant activity of fresh tubers at all locations was higher in 2006 than in 2005. Cooler late-season t ...
Handle:
10113/18984
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3318

84. Effect of temperature and water availability during late maturation of the soybean seed on germ and cotyledon isoflavone content and composition

Author:
Rasolohery, Claudine A.; Berger, Monique; Lygin, Anatoliy V.; Lozovaya, Vera V.; Nelson, Randall L.; Daydé, Jean
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.2 pp. 218-228
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
cultivars; Glycine max; isoflavones; developmental stages; air temperature; soybeans; cotyledons; genotype-environment interaction; soil water; seed development
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Isoflavone content in soybean seeds is strongly influenced by both environment and genotype. However, little is known about the effect of environment and genotype on isoflavones in germ versus cotyledons. To determine the effect of temperature and soil moisture status during soybean seed development on seed isoflavone concentration and composition, a set of two French and three US cult ...
Handle:
10113/16763
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3075

85. Effects of 1-MCP applied postharvest on epicuticular wax of apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) during storage

Author:
Curry, Eric
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.6 pp. 996-1006
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
apples; food storage; postharvest treatment; metabolic inhibitors; epicuticular wax; fruit quality; fruit composition; storage quality; cold storage; ethylene production; postharvest physiology
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Certain apple cultivars develop a greasy feel when overripe. Treating fruits with the ripening inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, SmartFresh[trade mark sign]) reduces fruit greasiness. This study examines the nature of this phenomenon. 'Royal Gala' apples were treated with 1-MCP at 1.0 μl L⁻¹ following harvest. Periodically, during storage at - 1 °C for up to 6 months, fruits were ...
Handle:
10113/17186
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3180

86. Flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of spinach genotypes determined by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

Author:
Cho, Mi Jin; Howard, Luke R.; Prior, Ronald L.; Morelock, Teddy
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.6 pp. 1099-1106
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Spinacia oleracea; spinach; genotype; cultivars; food composition; flavonoids; antioxidant activity; food analysis; high performance liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Flavonoids in different spinach genotypes were separated, identified, and quantified by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method with photodiode array and mass spectrometric detection. The antioxidant capacities of the genotypes were also measured using two antioxidant assays-oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORACFL) and photochemiluminescence (PCL)-which measure the response ...
Handle:
10113/17185
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3206

87. Relative efficiency of DNA markers (RAPD, ISSR and AFLP) in detecting genetic diversity of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Author:
Behera, Tusar K.; Gaikward, Ambika B.; Singh, Anand K.; Staub, Jack E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.4 pp. 733-737
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Momordica charantia; gourds; genetic markers; random amplified polymorphic DNA technique; amplified fragment length polymorphism; genetic variation; germplasm
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is an important vegetable crop in tropical countries, including China and India. A wide range of genetic diversity exists in India with respect to fruit morphology such as colour, size and exocarp. A diversity assessment conducted using different DNA marker systems amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) a ...
Handle:
10113/16889
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3145

88. Ruminal micro-organisms do not adapt to increase utilization of poly-phenol oxidase protected red clover protein and glycerol-based lipid

Author:
Lee, Michael RF; Tweed, John KS; Scollan, Nigel D.; Sullivan, Michael L.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.14 pp. 2479-2485
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
dairy cows; cow feeding; catechol oxidase; polyunsaturated fatty acids; proteolysis; glycerol; rumen microorganisms; Trifolium pratense; rumen fermentation; lipolysis; biohydrogenation; grass silage
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) reduces the extent of proteolysis and lipolysis within red clover fed to ruminants with subsequent increases in the efficiency of N utilization and the level of beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids in their products (meat and milk). It has also been reported that red clover feeding alters the rumen microbial population compared to grass feeding. Th ...
Handle:
10113/21105
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3366

89. Stability of limonin glucoside in beverage matrices

Author:
Breksa III, Andrew P.; Hidalgo, Marlene B.; Wong, Rosalind Y.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.88 no.12 pp. 2194-2200
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
food matrix; beverages; limonin; glucosides; storage quality; riboflavin; photolysis
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: We completed a study over a 200-day period examining the stability of limonin glucoside formulated into three beverage matrices.RESULTS: Beverages containing limonin glucoside were found to contain limonin (0.13-20.10 mg L⁻¹) during their initial testing; however, these concentrations were directly attributable to the presence of contaminating limonin in the particular lot of limonin g ...
Handle:
10113/18985
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3344

90. Air injection into concentrated maple sap during processing: impact on syrup composition and flavour

Author:
van den Berg, Abby K.; Perkins, Timothy D.; Isselhardt, Mark L.; Godshall, Mary An; Lloyd, Steven W.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.10 pp. 1770-1774
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Acer saccharum; sap; food processing; air; maple syrup; food composition; flavor; food processing quality; flavor compounds; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Air injection (AI) is a relatively new process used during maple sap thermal processing to increase the profitability of maple syrup production by increasing the production of more economically valuable light-coloured syrup. The effects of applying this technology in conjunction with existing practices employed to increase the efficiency of maple production, such as reverse osmosis (RO ...
Handle:
10113/30766
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3654

91. Cell wall fermentation kinetics are impacted more by lignin content and ferulate cross-linking than by lignin composition

Author:
Grabber, John H.; Mertens, David R.; Kim, Hoon; Funk, Carola; Lu, Fachuang; Ralph, John
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.1 pp. 122-129
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
crosslinking; Zea mays; hemicellulose; in vitro digestion; cell walls; corn; lignification; cellulose; rumen fermentation; cell wall components; lignin; ferulic acid; cell suspension culture
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: We used a biomimetic model system to ascertain how reductions in ferulate-lignin cross-linking and shifts in lignin composition influence ruminal cell wall fermentation. Primary walls from maize cell suspensions with normal or reduced feruloylation were artificially lignified with various monolignols previously identified in normal, mutant, and transgenic plants. Cell wall fermentabili ...
Handle:
10113/21813
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3418

92. Comparison of post-germination mobilization of cell wall polysaccharides and non-cell wall carbohydrates in soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledons

Author:
Gronwald, John W.; Jung, Hans-Joachim G.; Litterer, Lynn A.; Somers, David A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.11 pp. 1981-1986
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
seed germination; plant growth; chemical composition; Glycine max; seedlings; soybeans; chemical analysis; cotyledons; cell wall components; polysaccharides
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: In previous research, we demonstrated that cell wall polysaccharide (CWP) levels of soybean (Glycine max L.) cotyledons are negatively correlated with the sum of seed oil and protein content. Although the results suggest that reducing cotyledon CWP levels would be desirable, it is not known whether CWP are mobilized during early seedling growth and, if so, to what extent mobilization c ...
Handle:
10113/33245
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3665

93. Effect of cocoa butter replacement with a β-glucan-rich hydrocolloid (C-trim30) on the rheological and tribological properties of chocolates

Author:
Lee, Suyong; Biresaw, Girma; Kinney, Mary P.; Inglett, George E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.1 pp. 163-167
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
fat substitutes; cocoa butter; chocolate; texture; hydrocolloids; viscosity; food processing; mechanical properties; friction; shear stress; oat bran; beta-glucans
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The food industry has been facing the challenge of developing low-fat and low-calorie food products due to rising health awareness of consumers. To meet this consumer demand, an oat β-glucan-rich hydrocolloid (C-trim30) was evaluated as a cocoa butter substitute in chocolates. The effects of C-trim30 on the rheological, tribological, and textural properties of chocolates were investiga ...
Handle:
10113/21814
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3424

94. Enhancing disease resistance in peach fruit with methyl jasmonate

Author:
Jin, Peng; Zheng, Yonghua; Tang, Shuangshuang; Rui, Huaijin; Wang, Chien Y.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.5 pp. 802-808
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
peaches; postharvest treatment; methyl jasmonate; disease control; postharvest diseases; Penicillium expansum; Botrytis cinerea; Rhizopus stolonifer; disease resistance; postharvest physiology; superoxide dismutase; catalase; ascorbate peroxidase; chitinase; beta-glucanase; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; peroxidase; catechol oxidase; enzyme activity
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Peaches are susceptible to microbial decay during postharvest distribution at ambient temperature. To search for effective alternatives to currently used fungicides for disease control, in this study the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on disease resistance and fruit decay of peaches after harvest in response to pathogen attack was investigated.RESULTS: Freshly harvested peaches were ...
Handle:
10113/27673
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3516

95. Folate is higher in developmentally younger potato tubers

Author:
Goyer, Aymeric; Navarre, Duroy A.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.4 pp. 579-583
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Solanum tuberosum; potatoes; tubers; plant development; folic acid; chemical concentration; chemical constituents of plants; cultivars; metabolism; genes; gene expression; transcription (genetics); messenger RNA; vitamin content
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Folate deficiency is a global nutritional problem and is problematic even in the developed world. Several studies have shown that, because of their high consumption, potatoes are an important source of dietary folate. New or baby potatoes constitute a valuable niche market that has been expanding in recent years. In this study, folate concentrations were measured throughout tuber devel ...
Handle:
10113/27146
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3470

96. Foliar potassium fertilization improves fruit quality of field-grown muskmelon on calcareous soils in south Texas

Author:
Jifon, John L.; Lester, Gene E.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.14 pp. 2452-2460
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
fertilization (reproduction); foliar application; leaves; potassium fertilizers; fruit quality; field experimentation; muskmelons; Cucumis melo; calcareous soils; plant nutrition; sugar content; food analysis; fruit composition; Texas
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Among plant nutrients, potassium (K) has the strongest influence on crop quality parameters that determine consumer preference. However, soil and plant factors often limit adequate soil K uptake to satisfy quality requirements during fruit development stages. The objectives of this multiyear field study with muskmelon were to determine if this apparent K deficiency and the associated f ...
Handle:
10113/37156
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3745

97. Nutrient content and yield in relation to top breakover in onion developed from greenhouse-grown transplants

Author:
Russo, Vincent M.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.5 pp. 815-820
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
harvest date; transplant production; plant development; nutrient content; Allium cepa; greenhouse production; developmental stages; crop yield; onions; vegetable growing
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Onions (Allium cepa L.) generally are harvested based on percentage of tops broken over. Since plant metabolism changes over time, percentage of tops broken over may be used to determine a harvest time to deliver marketable bulbs with the best nutrient content.RESULTS: The cultivars Candy and Texas Grano 1015 Y were harvested at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% breakover in 2006 and 2007. La ...
Handle:
10113/27654
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3518

98. Phenolic compounds and fatty acid composition of organic and conventional grown pecan kernels

Author:
Malik, Nasir SA; Perez, Jose L.; Lombardini, Leonardo; Cornacchia, Rosaria; Cisneros-Zevallos, Luis; Braford, Joe
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.13 pp. 2207-2213
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
phenolic compounds; fatty acid composition; organic foods; pecans; Carya illinoinensis; cultivars; food analysis; food composition
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: In this study, differences in contents of phenolic compounds and fatty acids in pecan kernels of organically versus conventionally grown pecan cultivars (Cheyenne, Desirable, and Wichita) were evaluated.RESULTS: Although nine phenolic compounds (gallic acid, catechol, catechin, epicatechin, m-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, caffeic acid and an ellagic acid derivative) we ...
Handle:
10113/35799
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3708

99. Phenols in spikelets and leaves of field-grown oats (Avena sativa) with different inherent resistance to crown rust (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae)

Author:
Dimberg, Lena H.; Peterson, David M.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.11 pp. 1815-1824
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
phenols; inflorescences; leaves; Avena sativa; oats; disease resistance; fungal diseases of plants; Puccinia coronata; seedlings; greenhouse production; mature plants; genotype; chemical analysis; chemical composition; functional foods
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Avenanthramides, health-beneficial phenols in oats, are produced in response to incompatible races of the crown rust fungus, Puccinia coronata, in seedlings of greenhouse-grown oats. This study aimed to elucidate whether avenanthramides and/or other phenolic compounds, together with the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), phenoloxidase (PO) and the avenanthramide biosynthe ...
Handle:
10113/33243
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3635

100. Physical distribution and characteristics of meat and bone meal protein

Author:
Garcia, Rafael A.; Phillips, John G.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2009 v.89 no.2 pp. 329-336
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
animal proteins; collagen; meat and bone meal; amino acid composition; hydrolysis; feed composition; bones; molecular weight; solubilization
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Use of meat and bone meal (MBM) in animal feed has been progressively restricted. Production of an MBM protein isolate would facilitate the development of new applications. Rational design of a process to produce such an isolate requires knowledge of MBM protein distribution and characteristics.RESULTS: MBM consists of varying proportions of bone and soft tissue particles, but the soft ...
Handle:
10113/22667
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.3453