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1. An interferon gamma release assay for the detection of immune sensitization to mycobacterium bovis in african wild dogs (lycaon pictus)

Author:
Higgitt, Roxanne L.; Schalkwyk, O. Louis van; deKlerk-Lorist, Lin-Mari; Buss, Peter E.; Caldwell, Peter; Rossouw, Leana; Manamela, Tebogo; Hausler, Guy A.; Helden, Paul D. van; Parsons, Sven D. C.; Miller, Michele A.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 529-536
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Lycaon pictus; Mycobacterium bovis; antigens; blood plasma; blood sampling; bovine tuberculosis; buffaloes; cattle; diagnostic techniques; dog diseases; dogs; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; etiological agents; humans; interferon-gamma; mitogens; national parks; screening; South Africa
Abstract:
... In South Africa, the largest proportion of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) population resides in regions where buffaloes have a high prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). Recent reports of deaths of wild dogs associated with bTB have raised concerns regarding the threat this disease might pose for this species. In order to understand the potentia ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-03-089

2. A quantitative pcr assay for a mycoplasma from emydid turtles indicates high prevalence in healthy three-toed box turtles (terrapene carolina triunguis) from missouri, usa

Author:
Sandmeier, Franziska C.; Ruiz, Rachel; Leonard, Kendra; Bayer, Brandon; Dowd, Connor; Urban, Taylor
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 589-596
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Mycoplasma agassizii; Terrapene carolina; antibiotics; microorganisms; mycoplasmosis; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; respiratory tract diseases; tortoises; turtles; vehicles (equipment); wildlife; Missouri
Abstract:
... We evaluated cause of injury and quantified levels of three potential mycoplasmal pathogens (Mycoplasma agassizii, Mycoplasma testudineum, and an emydid mycoplasma) in three-toed box turtles (Terrapene carolina triunguis) from the greater St. Louis, Missouri, US area, brought to and housed at the Wildlife Rescue Center (Ballwin, Missouri, US) in 2015 and 2016. We created a probebased quantitative ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-09-221

3. Can Ectoparasites Be Implicated in the Spread of Pseudogymnoascus destructans?

Author:
Mustachio, Amberle; Bodri, Michael S.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 704-706
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Myotis grisescens; Myotis sodalis; Pseudogymnoascus destructans; conidia; ectoparasites; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; white-nose syndrome; Kentucky
Abstract:
... Real-time PCR detected Pseudogymnoascus destructans associated with ectoparasites collected from three mist-netted free-flying bats (two gray bats, Myotis grisescens; one Indiana bat, Myotis sodalis) in late August to early September 2016 from Kentucky, US, a state impacted by white-nose syndrome. Presence of viable conidia could implicate ectoparasites as possible vectors of white-nose syndrome. ...
DOI:
10.7589/2017-12-297

4. Detection and Prevalence of Babesia spp. in American Black Bears (Ursus americanus) from Eastern and Western North Carolina, USA

Author:
Westmoreland, Lori S. H.; Stoskopf, Michael K.; Sheppard, Erica; DePerno, Christopher S.; Gould, Nicholas P.; Olfenbuttel, Colleen; Maggi, Ricardo G.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 678-681
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Babesia; Chrysocyon brachyurus; Procyon lotor; Ursus americanus; animals; blood sampling; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Blood samples collected from American black bears (Ursus americanus) in eastern and western North Carolina, US, were analyzed for piroplasms. Piroplasmids were detected in 17% (23/132) of the animals surveyed. We detected a Babesia spp. previously identified in North American raccoons (Procyon lotor) and a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus); prevalence was 22% (14/64) and 13% (9/68) in the mountai ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-06-164

5. Detection of Pseudogymnoascus destructans on Wisconsin Bats During Summer

Author:
Huebschman, Jeffrey J.; Hoerner, Samantha A.; White, J. Paul; Kaarakka, Heather M.; Parise, Katy L.; Foster, Jeffrey T.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 673-677
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
DNA; Lasiurus borealis; Myotis lucifugus; Pseudogymnoascus destructans; adults; arms (limbs); climate; flight; fungi; hibernation; juveniles; migratory behavior; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; spring; summer; white-nose syndrome; winter; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... White-nose syndrome (WNS) affects bats primarily in winter, with Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus that causes WNS, growing on bats in colder climates as they are hibernating. As a result, nearly all disease investigations have been conducted on bats in the winter or as they are emerging in spring. Although P. destructans has been detected on bats during the summer season, the seasonal dyna ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-06-146

6. Diverse Beta- and Gammaherpesviruses in Neotropical Rodents from Costa Rica

Author:
Sotomayor-Bonilla, Jesús; Moreira-Soto, Andrés; Mendizabal, Daniel; Soley-Guardia, Mariano; Ramírez-Fernández, José Daniel; Villalobos-Chaves, David; Niehaus, Carmen; Gutiérrez-Espeleta, Gustavo; Rico-Chávez, Oscar; Foley, Janet; Suzán, Gerardo; Chaves-Friedlander, Andrea
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 663-667
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Gammaherpesvirinae; Neotropics; Oligoryzomys; Oryzomys; Peromyscus; Reithrodontomys; heart; liver; mice; polymerase chain reaction; wild animals; Costa Rica
Abstract:
... Neotropical wild rodents from Costa Rica were analyzed for the presence of herpesviruses (order Herpesvirales, family Herpesviridae). Using a broadly generic PCR, herpesvirus sequences were detected in 5% (8/160) of liver and heart samples: seven putative gammaherpesviruses in samples from Talamancan oryzomys (Nephelomys devius), sprightly colilargo (Oligoryzomys vegetus), Mexican deer mouse (Pero ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-05-117

7. Echinococcus Granulosus in the Endangered Patagonian Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus)

Author:
Hernández, Felipe; Verdugo, Claudio; Cárdenas, Francisca; Sandoval, Rodrigo; Morales, Nelly; Olmedo, Pablo; Bahamonde, Andrea; Aldridge, Dennis; Acosta-Jamett, Gerardo
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 694-698
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Canis lupus; Echinococcus granulosus; Hippocamelus bisulcus; Lycalopex culpaeus; cattle; deer; definitive hosts; dogs; echinococcosis; foxes; haplotypes; herbivores; humans; intermediate hosts; parasites; risk; sheep; sympatry; wild animals; Chile
Abstract:
... Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease associated with Echinococcus granulosus. The parasite is maintained by domestic and wild canids as definitive hosts with several ungulate species as intermediate hosts in domestic and peridomestic transmission cycles. In Chile, CE is endemic, and the role of livestock and dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in the cycle and the accidental infect ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-09-215

8. Effect of Canine Parvovirus and Canine Distemper Virus on the Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) Population in the USA

Author:
Justice-Allen, Anne; Clement, Matthew J.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 682-688
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Canine morbillivirus; Canis lupus; Carnivore protoparvovirus 1; death; models; mortality; regression analysis; risk; seroprevalence; viruses; wolves; Arizona; Mexico
Abstract:
... Mexican wolves (Canis lupus baileyi), classified as probably extinct in the wild in Mexico and endangered in the US, were reintroduced into Arizona in 1998. We combined annual serologic testing results from samples collected between 2003 and 2016 from 108 wolves and known survival data from 118 wolves born in the recovery area from 2003 to 2014 to evaluate whether exposure to canine distemper viru ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-07-175

9. Entamoeba spp. in wild formosan rock macaques (macaca cyclopis) in an area with frequent human-macaque contact

Author:
Chang, Ai-Mei; Chen, Chen-Chih; Huffman, Michael A.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 608-618
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Entamoeba; Macaca; confidence interval; disease transmission; feces; food contamination; humans; intestines; monitoring; parasites; public health; risk; species identification; virulence; wildlife management; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Entamoeba is a genus of gastrointestinal protozoon that is transmitted through contaminated food and water. This protozoon is commonly found in human and nonhuman primates. Contact between humans and Formosan rock macaques (Macaca cyclopis) has become more frequent due to food provisioning; accordingly, concerns regarding zoonotic pathogen transmission through the fecal-oral route have increased. ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-04-113

10. Estimating occurrence, prevalence, and detection of amphibian pathogens: insights from occupancy models

Author:
Mosher, Brittany A.; Brand, Adrianne B.; Wiewel, Amber N. M.; Miller, David A. W.; Gray, Matthew J.; Miller, Debra L.; Grant, Evan H. Campbell
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 563-575
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Ambystoma; Lithobates sylvaticus; Ranavirus; case studies; conservation areas; landscapes; larvae; liver; microbial detection; models; pathogen occurrence; pathogens; planning; salamanders and newts; sampling; tail; Maryland
Abstract:
... Understanding the distribution of pathogens across landscapes and their prevalence within host populations is a common aim of wildlife managers. Despite the need for unbiased estimates of pathogen occurrence and prevalence for planning effective management interventions, many researchers fail to account for imperfect pathogen detection. Instead raw data are often reported, which may lead to ineffe ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-02-042

11. Experimental infection of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) with bluetongue virus serotype 3

Author:
Clarke, Lorelei L.; Ruder, Mark G.; Kienzle-Dean, Clara; Carter, Deborah; Stallknecht, David; Howerth, Elizabeth W.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 627-636
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Bluetongue virus; Bovidae; Odocoileus virginianus; bluetongue; deer; edema; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; fawns; hyperemia; interferon-alpha; interleukin-1beta; leukopenia; neutralizing antibodies; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; seroconversion; serotypes; thrombocytopenia; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; virulence; viruses; Virginia; West Virginia
Abstract:
... Bluetongue virus serotype 3 (BTV-3) has been found in the US since 1999 and was recently identified in white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) found dead in Virginia, US and West Virginia, US in 2016. Bluetongue viruses are known to cause pathologic changes in WTD; however, the relative virulence and pathogenicity of BTV-3 in WTD is unknown. In our study, eight WTD fawns, 6–12 wk old, were ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-06-159

12. Exposure of alaska brown bears (ursus arctos) to bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents varies spatiotemporally and may be influenced by age

Author:
Ramey, Andrew M.; Cleveland, Christopher A.; Hilderbrand, Grant V.; Joly, Kyle; Gustine, David D.; Mangipane, Buck; Leacock, William B.; Crupi, Anthony P.; Hill, Dolores E.; Dubey, Jitender P.; Yabsley, Michael J.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 576-588
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Brucella; Canine mastadenovirus A; Canine morbillivirus; Carnivore protoparvovirus 1; Francisella tularensis; Influenza A virus; Leptospira; Toxoplasma gondii; Trichinella; Ursus arctos; antibodies; blood serum; pathogens; risk; seroconversion; seroprevalence; temporal variation; Alaska
Abstract:
... We collected blood and serum from 155 brown bears (Ursus arctos) inhabiting five locations in Alaska, US during 2013–16 and tested samples for evidence of prior exposure to a suite of bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents. Antibody seroprevalence among Alaska brown bears was estimated to be 15% for Brucella spp., 10% for Francisella tularensis, 7% for Leptospira spp., 18% for canine adenovirus ty ...
Handle:
10113/6504446
DOI:
10.7589/2018-07-173

13. Fatal Streptoccocus canis Necrotizing Fasciitis and Myositis in a Free-Ranging Iberian Lynx (Lynx pardinus)

Author:
Nájera, Fernando; Sánchez-Cuerda, Susana; Gil-Molino, Maria; Varela, Elisa; Serra, Rodrigo; Soler, Francisco; ú-Coll, Núria Vallverd; Panadero, Julian; Zorrilla, Irene; García, Alfredo; Palacios, Maria Jesus
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 717-720
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Lynx pardinus; Streptococcus canis; muscles; myositis; necropsy; polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... A free-ranging Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) was found dead after 16 mo of being reintroduced. On gross necropsy, necrotic areas in the left biceps femoris and intercostal muscles were identified. Streptococcus canis was isolated from both groups of muscles and was confirmed by PCR, corroborating a necrotizing myositis diagnostic. ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-05-135

14. Genetic Characterization of Canine Adenovirus Type 1 Detected by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction in an Oral Sample of an Italian Wolf (Canis Lupus)

Author:
Balboni, Andrea; Musto, Carmela; Kaehler, Elisa; Verin, Ranieri; Caniglia, Romolo; Fabbri, Elena; Carra, Elena; Cotti, Claudia; Battilani, Mara; Delogu, Mauro
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 737-741
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Canine mastadenovirus A; Canis lupus; DNA; Vulpes vulpes; dogs; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; virus transmission; viruses; wild animals; wolves
Abstract:
... We report the detection of canine adenovirus type 1 DNA by real-time PCR technique in an oral sample of an Italian wolf (Canis lupus italicus). Genetic characterization of the virus revealed a strict relationship with viruses detected in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), wolves, and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), suggesting that transmission between wild animals and dogs had occurred. ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-08-206

15. Health survey of boreal caribou (rangifer tarandus caribou) in northeastern british columbia, canada

Author:
Bondo, Kristin J.; Macbeth, Bryan; Schwantje, Helen; Orsel, Karin; Culling, Diane; Culling, Brad; Tryland, Morten; Nymo, Ingebjørg H.; Kutz, Susan
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 544-562
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Besnoitia; Brucella; Dermacentor albipictus; Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; Neospora caninum; Parelaphostrongylus andersoni; Pestivirus; Rangifer tarandus caribou; Skrjabinema; Toxoplasma gondii; adults; alopecia; amyloid; animals; bacteria; blood serum; cobalt; copper; cortisol; eggs; fecal examination; feces; females; haptoglobins; health status; health surveys; herds; inflammation; iron; larvae; manganese; nutrient deficiencies; parasites; paratuberculosis; pathogens; selenium; seroprevalence; British Columbia
Abstract:
... Boreal woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) are listed as threatened across Canada, and a basic understanding of their health status is lacking. From December 2012 to April 2013, we investigated multiple health indices for adult female boreal caribou (n=163) captured from seven herds in NE British Columbia, Canada. Health indices included physical characteristics, physiologic and trace min ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-01-018

16. Immobilization of American Beaver (Castor canadensis) with Nalbuphine, Medetomidine, and Azaperone

Author:
Roug, Annette; Lance, William; Vroom, Tiana; Gardner, Russel; DeBloois, Darren; Talley, Heather
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 699-703
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Castor canadensis; anal glands; anesthesia; animals; azaperone; blood; cages; hypoxia; isoflurane; medetomidine; oxygen; sedation; sex determination; tail
Abstract:
... Thirty-two American beavers (Castor canadensis) were immobilized with a mixture of nalbuphine, medetomidine, and azaperone (NalMedA) for tail transmitter placement and health assessments prior to translocation. Inductions and reversals were very smooth, but regardless of the dose administered, which ranged from 0.02 to 0.06 mL/kg, many beavers reacted to mild stimuli such as being lifted out of th ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-10-260

17. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Associated with Polymicrobial Pneumonia in a Free-Ranging Yearling Barren Ground Caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) from Alaska, USA

Author:
Rovani, Emma R.; Beckmen, Kimberlee B.; Highland, Margaret A.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 733-736
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Bovidae; Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae; Rangifer tarandus granti; bronchopneumonia; yearlings; Alaska
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae has been reported in association with respiratory disease in the wild only in members of the subfamily Caprinae of the family Bovidae. We identified M. ovipneumoniae in a cervid: a free-ranging barren ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) yearling with polymicrobial bronchopneumonia. ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-08-188

18. Oslerus (Anafilaroides) sp. in a Jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi) from Brazil

Author:
Corrêa, Pilar; Bueno, Cecília; Soares, Rita; Gonçalves, Paula Araujo; Vieira, Fabiano Matos; Muniz-Pereira, Luís C.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 707-709
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Oslerus; Puma yagouaroundi; lungs; parasitism; wildlife diseases; Brazil
Abstract:
... We report the occurrence of Oslerus (Anafilaroides) sp. parasitizing the lung of the jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi) in Brazil. ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-04-109

19. Performance of the tuberculin skin test in mycobacterium bovis–exposed and –unexposed african lions (panthera leo)

Author:
Viljoen, Ignatius M.; Sylvester, Tashnica Taime; Parsons, Sven D. C.; Millar, Robert P.; Helden, Paul D. van; Miller, Michele A.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 537-543
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Mycobacterium bovis; Panthera leo; disease control; national parks; pathogenesis; screening; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); threatened species; tuberculin; tuberculosis
Abstract:
... Lion (Panthera leo) populations, classified as vulnerable under the International Union for Conservation of Nature red list of threatened species, are facing a variety of threats, including tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis. The lack of knowledge on pathogenesis and diagnosis of TB, the prolonged course of the disease, the existence of subclinical infection, and nonspecific clinical ...
DOI:
10.7589/2018-06-163

20. Prefledging mortality and the abundance of mosquitoes biting nestling barn owls (tyto alba) in florida, usa

Author:
Efstathion, Caroline A.; Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D.; Kern, William H.
Source:
Journal of wildlife diseases 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 597-607
ISSN:
0090-3558
Subject:
Culex nigripalpus; Mansonia dyari; Mansonia titillans; Saccharum officinarum; Tyto alba; birds; blood cells; females; fledglings; food shortages; insecticides; morbidity; mosquito-borne diseases; nest boxes; nesting; nestlings; pesticide application; suction traps; sugarcane; survival rate; temperature; Florida
Abstract:
... Mosquito-borne diseases can have disastrous effects on avian populations; therefore, most studies of bird and mosquito interactions have focused on the mortality and morbidity associated with the diseases. However, the effect of mosquitoes feeding on birds, independent of disease, has not been well studied. We studied Barn Owls (Tyto alba) nesting in artificial nest boxes in sugarcane (Saccharum o ...
DOI:
10.7589/2017-12-307