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You searched for: Journal name Mammal study Remove constraint Journal name: Mammal study Subject Japan Remove constraint Subject: Japan
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1. Genetic Characterization of Northernmost Isolated Population of Asian Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Japan

Author:
Yamamoto Toshiaki; Oka Teruki; Ohnishi Naoki; Tanaka Hirohisa; Takatsuto Nozomi; Okumura Yuri
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 85-91
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Ursus thibetanus; microsatellite repeats; endangered species; mitochondrial DNA; gene flow; habitat fragmentation; genetic variation; genetic markers; Japan
Abstract:
... The Asian black bear inhabiting the Shimokita Peninsula, the northernmost part of Honshu, Japan, is categorized as one of the endangered local populations (LPs) in the list of threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. The Shimokita population has become geographically isolated and fragmented due to recent human activity. In this study, we conducted DNA sampling between 2005–2007 of two ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0209

2. Genetic Variation and Population Structure of the Sable Martes zibellina on Eastern Hokkaido, Japan, Revealed by Microsatellite Analysis

Author:
Nagai Tomoko; Murakami Takahiro; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.4 pp. 323-330
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Martes; genetic variation; genotype; lakes; microsatellite repeats; mountains; population structure; rivers; Japan; Russia
Abstract:
... To assess the genetic variation and population structure of the sable Martes zibellina on eastern Hokkaido, Japan, we analyzed genotypes of 12 microsatellite loci on 48 individuals. Genotypes for all individuals examined were found to be different from each other. Mean observed and expected heterozygosites and allelic richness were calculated to be 0.52 (0.02–0.80), 0.58 (0.02– 0.79) and 5.49, res ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0406

3. Horizontal and Elevational Distributions of Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco and A. latronum

Author:
Kaneko Yukibumi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.33 pp. 183-204
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Apodemus; coniferous forests; latitude; mice; China; India; Japan; Korean Peninsula; Mongolia; Myanmar; Russia; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Horizontal and elevational distributions of Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco and A. latronum are illustrated. A total of 1,355 museum specimens were identified by their cranial measurements and the size of t7 cusp on the first upper molar in 180 localities of Russia, Mongolia, China, Taiwan, Korea, Myanmar, India and Japan. Apodemus peninsulae belonged to “the northern pattern”, A. draco to “the sout ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0303

4. Insectivory by Five Sympatric Carnivores in Cool-Temperate Deciduous Forests

Author:
Koike Shinsuke; Morimoto Hideto; Goto Yusuke; Kozakai Chinatsu; Yamazaki Koji
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 73-83
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Carabidae; Formicidae; Martes; Meles meles; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Ursus thibetanus; Vulpes vulpes; badgers; deciduous forests; feces; feeding methods; forest insects; foxes; grasslands; habitat preferences; insectivores; microhabitats; Japan
Abstract:
... We studied insectivory by five carnivores—the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus), Japanese marten (Martes melampus), Japanese badger (Meles meles), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)—in a cool-temperate deciduous forest in Japan. From May 2003 to April 2005, we assayed 373 fecal samples (91 from bear, 158 from marten, 43 from badger, 36 from fox, and 45 from rac ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0208

5. Intraspecific Phylogeny and Nucleotide Diversity of the Least Shrews, the Sorex minutissimus-S. yukonicus Complex, Based on Nucleotide Sequences of the Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene and the Control Region

Author:
Ohdachi Satoshi D.; Yoshizawa Kazunori; Hanski Ilkka; Kawai Kuniko; Dokuchaev Nikolai E.; Sheftel Boris I.; Abramov Alexei V.; Moroldoev Igor; Kawahara Atsushi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.4 pp. 281-297
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Sorex; biogeography; cytochrome b; genes; genetic variation; monophyly; nucleotide sequences; refuge habitats; shrews; Alaska; Eurasia; Finland; Japan; Norway; Scandinavia; Siberia
Abstract:
... Phylogenetic analysis was conducted for various populations of the Sorex minutissimus-S. yukonicus complex based on mitochondrial gene (cytochrome b and/or the control region) sequences. Sorex minutissimus was divided into some monophyletic groups in Eurasia; it was divided into 2 main groups, eastern and western Eurasian clades, based on combined data of the cytochrome b and the control region. M ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0403

6. Mesowear Analysis of the Japanese Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) in Different Food Habits: Its Limitations and Applicability

Author:
Yamada Eisuke
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 93-103
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; diet; eating habits; habitats; islands; paleoecology; statistical analysis; teeth; ungulates; Japan
Abstract:
... Mesowear analysis, one of the methods for reconstructing diets based on facet development on the occlusal surface of cheek teeth, has been applied mainly in extinct ungulates. To test how mesowear variables differ in same species from different habitats, this study investigated sika deer (Cervus nippon) from four localities (Urahoro, Nikko, Tsushima Islands, and Yakushima Island) in Japan. Data on ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0210

7. Morphological Variation in External Traits of the Large Japanese Field Mouse, Apodemus speciosus

Author:
Shintaku Yuta; Kageyama Mariko; Motokawa Masaharu
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 113-126
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Apodemus speciosus; alleles; body length; feet; habitat preferences; head; islands; mice; tail; Japan
Abstract:
... We analyzed morphological variation in external traits of Apodemus speciosus using 1,799 individuals collected throughout its entire distribution range. Clear geographic patterns were not observed in head and body length. Tail length was greater in the Hokkaido and Tokara-Nakanoshima populations and smaller in the Oki Islands populations. Ear length showed geographic trends within the Honshu popul ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0202

8. Partial Migration and Effects of Climate on Migratory Movements of Sika Deer in Kirigamine Highland, Central Japan

Author:
Takii Akiko; Izumiyama Shigeyuki; Taguchi Makoto
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.4 pp. 331-340
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; autumn; climate; deer; females; home range; juveniles; males; melting; migratory behavior; snow; snowmelt; summer; temperature; Japan
Abstract:
... Studies on migration pattern of sika deer in Japan are limited. We captured 27 sika deer and identified movement for 24 deer (17 females and 7 males) from 2008 to 2011 in Kirigamine Highland, Nagano, central Japan. Four juvenile males dispersed from their original home range, and we documented migration pattern for 23 deer (17 females and 6 males), including 3 dispersed males. Deer exhibited parti ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0407

9. Population Genetic Structure of the Japanese Large-Footed Bat (Myotis macrodactylus) Along Three Rivers on Hokkaido Island, Northern Japan

Author:
Kobayashi Fumiya; Fukui Dai; Kojima Eisuke; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.3 pp. 227-235
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Myotis; cytochrome b; habitats; haplotypes; insectivores; mitochondrial DNA; mountains; phylogeography; population structure; principal component analysis; rivers; Japan
Abstract:
... Rivers are habitats favored by insectivorous bats. The Japanese large-footed bat (Myotis macrodactylus) is one of such species strongly associated with rivers. To clarify the population structure and migration pattern of M. macrodactylus, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) phylogeography was investigated in 15 subpopulations along three rivers (Tokachi, Ishikari and Teshio Rivers) on Hokkaido Island, north ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0306

10. Seasonal Migration of Sika Deer in the Oku-Chichibu Mountains, Central Japan

Author:
Takii Akiko; Izumiyama Shigeyuki; Mochizuki Takashi; Okumura Tadanobu; Sato Shigeru
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 127-137
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; autumn; bamboos; deer; forage; global positioning systems; grasses; home range; migratory behavior; mountains; snow; summer; wildlife; winter; Japan
Abstract:
... Movements and seasonal home ranges of 6 GPS collared sika deer were investigated at the Oku-Chichibu Mountains, central Honshu, from April 2009 to March 2010. All deer migrated between discrete summer and winter home ranges. The linear migration distance ranged from 2.5 to 31.9 km. Mean elevation during the summer and the winter ranged from 980 to 1,782 m, and from 1,204 to 1,723 m, respectively. ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0203

11. A Comparative Study of the Fecal Characters of Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Author:
Yamashiro Asuka; Kamada Mahito; Yamashiro Tadashi
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 117-122
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; DNA; defecation; discriminant analysis; feces; pellets; species identification; surveys; ungulates; Japan
Abstract:
... The fecal pellets and fecal pellet group characters of two ungulates, the Japanese serow and sika deer, were compared in Tokushima, Japan, where the species occur sympatrically. Species identification based on 82 fecal DNA samples revealed that 28 and 54 fecal pellet groups were from Japanese serow and sika deer, respectively. The mean values of three fecal pellet groups characters, the maximum di ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0207

12. Environmental Factors for the Occurrence of the Smith's Red-Backed Vole, Eothenomys smithii, in Rocky Terrains at the Foot of Mt. Fuji in Central Japan

Author:
Tabata Mayuh; Iwasa Masahiro A.
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 pp. 243-250
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Bryopsida; Eothenomys; environmental factors; forests; mountains; principal component analysis; regression analysis; trapping; traps; valleys; voles; Japan
Abstract:
... The relationship between environmental factors and the occurrence of the Smith's redbacked vole, Eothenomys smithii, was analyzed first by principle component analysis (PCA) to select factors and suitability of fit between capturing results of the voles, and subsequently by multiple regression analysis (MRA) to identify significant environmental factors affecting the occurrence of the vole. Six re ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0408

13. Home Range, Habitat Selection, and Activity of Male Asian House Shrews, Suncus murinus, on Okinawa-Jima Island

Author:
Nakamoto Atsushi; Nakanishi Nozomi
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.3 pp. 147-153
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Suncus murinus; captive animals; floors; foraging; grasslands; habitats; home range; laboratory animals; males; nocturnal activity; radio telemetry; residential areas; shrews; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... The Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus) is a commensal species whose has become widespread across the Old World due to human activities. This species has been well studied in captivity as a laboratory animal; however, in the wild, its ecological habits are not well investigated. We conducted radio-telemetry surveys to determine home range, habitat selection, and activity patterns of the Asian house ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0303

14. Multiple Origins of the Japanese Marten Martes melampus Introduced Into Hokkaido Island, Japan, Revealed by Microsatellite Analysis

Author:
Kamada Shouko; Murakami Takahiro; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 pp. 261-267
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Martes; alleles; farms; fur; genetic distance; genetic polymorphism; genetic variation; heterozygosity; introduced species; loci; microsatellite repeats; random mating; Japan
Abstract:
... The Japanese marten Martes melampus occurring on Hokkaido Island, Japan, is a domestic alien species, artificially introduced from their native distributional range. To reveal the genetic variation within the Hokkaido marten population and their relationships with native populations, we genotyped 14 individuals from Hokkaido using 10 microsatellite loci, and compared the genotype data with those o ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0410

15. Relative Skull Growth of the Sperm Whale, Physeter macrocephalus, with a Note of Sexual Dimorphism

Author:
Nakamura Gen; Zenitani Ryoko; Kato Hidehiro
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.3 pp. 177-186
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Physeter macrocephalus; body length; breeding; coasts; females; gender differences; lifestyle; males; sexual dimorphism; skull; Japan
Abstract:
... By using skulls of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), we analyzed the relative growth of skull length in relation to that of body length. We also analyzed the growth of various parts of the skull in relation to skull length. We used data of 3 males and 1 female collected off the coast of Japan and those of 4 males reported previously. In males, the proportion of skull length to body length inc ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0306

16. Sound Playback Surveys to Reveal the Distribution of Invasive Alien Pallas's Squirrels, Callosciurus erythraeus

Author:
Tamura Noriko; Kasahi Tatsuya; Kaneda Masato; Mitarai Nozomu; Shigeta Mayumi; Shigeta Yusuke; Yamasaki Fumiaki; Morisaki Masateru; Tsuda Tomoka; Ono Susumu; Hasegawa Nami; Waguri Makoto
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 97-103
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Callosciurus; acoustics; antipredatory behavior; control methods; invasive species; monitoring; predators; squirrels; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... The Pallas's squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus) is one of the invasive alien species in Japan. Although control measures for this species have been attempted for a long time, the eradication has not succeeded and the populations continue to increase. To initiate control of the invasive alien squirrels as soon as possible, we have to detect their existence at low density stage soon after colonizati ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0205

17. Summer Food Habits of the Asiatic Black Bears in Moor of Oze Area, Central Japan

Author:
Hashimoto Yukihiko; Anrui Tomohito
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 pp. 235-241
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Symplocarpus foetidus; Ursus thibetanus; eating habits; feces; foods; foraging; habitats; heathlands; national parks; nutrient content; nutrition; summer; Japan
Abstract:
... We investigated the food habits of Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in Oze National Park, Japan, and analyzed the abundance and nutritional content of skunk cabbage (Lysichiton camtschatcense) to evaluate the quality of moorland habitat for foraging bears. Analysis of 141 scats collected from August 2005 to September 2009 revealed that spadices of skunk cabbage were important food items in s ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0407

18. Effectiveness of Noninvasive DNA Analysis to Reveal Isolated-Forest Use by the Sable Martes zibellina on Eastern Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Nagai Tomoko; Murakami Takahiro; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 99-104
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
DNA; Martes; females; forests; genetic markers; home range; males; monitoring; urine; wintering grounds; Japan
Abstract:
... In order to assess importance of isolated forests as the wintering habitat of the sable (Martes zibellina) in eastern Hokkaido, Japan, we performed DNA analyses on 59 samples noninvasively collected in field (54 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples). Consequently, 46 (41 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples) of the 59 samples were recognized to have dropped from the sable. In addition, we successfully i ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0205

19. Factors Affecting the Distribution of the Japanese Weasel Mustela itatsi and the Siberian Weasel M. sibirica in Japan

Author:
Sasaki Hiroshi; Ohta Kyoko; Aoi Toshiki; Watanabe Shigeki; Hosoda Tetsuji; Suzuki Hitoshi; Abe Mikiko; Koyasu Kazuhiro; Kobayashi Syuji; Oda Sen-ichi
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.3 pp. 133-139
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Mustela sibirica; grasslands; habitats; mountains; paddies; plantations; trapping; villages; yearlings; Japan
Abstract:
... The vertical distribution of introduced Siberian weasels Mustela sibirica and endemic Japanese weasels M. itatsi in the Seburi Mountains in Kyushu, Japan, was examined from October 1996 to February 1998. Siberian weasels occurred near villages with paddy and cultivated fields, whereas Japanese weasels occurred in grasslands and plantations. The dispersion of yearlings destabilized the distribution ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0302

20. Indirect Effects of Sika Deer on Japanese Badgers

Author:
Seki Yoshikazu; Okuda Kei; Koganezawa Masaaki
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.4 pp. 201-208
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Nyctereutes procyonoides; badgers; carnivores; deer; diet; earthworms; feces; foraging; grazing intensity; habitats; insects; omnivores; population density; statistical analysis; Japan
Abstract:
... Recently, the range of the deer has expanded worldwide, with dramatic increases in abundance; yet relatively little is known about how these increases influence other mammals at high trophic levels. A recent study showed that high deer density exerts cascading effects on raccoon dogs, omnivorous carnivores, because of any increase in their prey abundance in Oku-Nikko, Japan. Here, we examined the ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0403

21. Indirect estimation of Recent Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Migration in Tsurugi Quasi-National Park, Shikoku, Japan

Author:
Yamashiro Asuka; Yamashiro Tadashi; Mori Kazuo; Kamada Mahito
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 83-89
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; deer; feces; hills; information management; microsatellite repeats; mountains; national parks; Japan
Abstract:
... To provide information for the management of sika deer in Tsurugi Quasi-National Park, Shikoku, Japan, we analyzed population genetic structure and migration patterns in the national park and surrounding areas based on from six to seven microsatellite loci using tissue and fecal samples. Bayesian clustering divided the deer into two populations, the Tokushima population and the Kochi population. T ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0203

22. Influence of Trap Environment on the Effectiveness of an Acoustic Lure for Capturing Vespertilionid Bats in two Temperate Forest Zones in Japan

Author:
Hill David A.; Fukui Dai; Agetsuma Naoki; Macintosh Andrew J. J.
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.4 pp. 229-236
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Chiroptera; acoustics; canopy gaps; deciduous forests; edge effects; forage; foraging; rain forests; surveys; temperate forests; traps; ultrasonics; understory; Japan
Abstract:
... Bats that typically forage in the forest understorey can be difficult to capture using mist nets or harp traps alone. We assessed the effectiveness of an ultrasonic lure for increasing capture rates of vespertilionid bats in two forest zones in Japan. One sequence of stimuli was modelled on social calls of four species that typically forage in narrow-space; the other on those of four species that ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0406

23. Influence of Tree Resources on Nest Box Use by the Japanese Dormouse Glirulus japonicus

Author:
Nakamura-Kojo Yumena; Kojo Nobuaki; Ootsuka Toshiyuki; Minami Masato; Tamate Hidetoshi B.
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.1 pp. 17-26
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Gliridae; correlation; forests; linear models; microhabitats; nest boxes; nesting; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... To investigate the factors that influence resting site preference of the Japanese dormouse Glirulus japonicus, we determined the effect of tree resources in a microhabitat on the use of nest boxes as daytime resting sites. The study area, which was in Mt. Nagakura National Forest in central Japan, was divided into 200 plots. In each plot, a nest box specially designed to harbor dormice was attache ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0104

24. Shape variation in the Skull Within and Between Wild Populations of the Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Japan

Author:
Asahara Masakazu
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 105-113
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Nyctereutes procyonoides; climatic factors; evolution; interspecific variation; morphometry; skull; snow; Japan
Abstract:
... Patterns of evolution can be biased by patterns of variability (propensity to vary). However, the effects of variability on evolution at the geographic and inter-subspecies levels have not been investigated extensively. Variation between different populations is the result of evolution. Individual variation within a single population can be indicative of species variability. Therefore, comparing p ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0206

25. Geographical Variation in Skull Morphology in the Hokkaido Population of the Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes

Author:
Amaike Yosuke; Oishi Takuya; Uraguchi Kohji; Abramov Alexei V.; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.4 pp. 245-256
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Vulpes vulpes; analysis of variance; body size; climatic factors; eating habits; females; geographical variation; males; muscles; principal component analysis; skull; snow; temperature; Japan
Abstract:
... To investigate the morphological variation in an island population of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), we measured 25 cranial and 24 dental characters for 225 specimens (137 males and 88 females) from Hokkaido Island, Japan. A Bayesian principal component analysis found only small differences among three groups identified genetically in previous studies. Concretely, analyses of variance and post-hoc t ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0405

26. Integrating Analyses of Population Genetics and Space-Time Information for Wildlife Management: An Empirical Study on Japanese Wild Boar Populations

Author:
Murase Kaori; Horie Reiko; Saito Masae; Koganezawa Masaaki; Sato Toshiyuki; Kaji Koichi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.2 pp. 61-78
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Sus scrofa; adults; bioinformatics; boars; crossing; habitat preferences; habitats; hunters; linear models; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; mutation; population genetics; questionnaires; risk; surveys; wild boars; wildlife management; Japan
Abstract:
... This study is a “model study” of how to apply the findings of molecular ecological studies to wildlife management, aimed at showing the importance of analyses integrating population genetics, space-time information and bioinformatics methods. We chose the Japanese wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax) in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, because its captured area has been spreading in recent years. We used ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0202

27. Latitudinal Geographical Variation of External and Cranial Measurements in Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco, and A. latronum

Author:
Kaneko Yukibumi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.3 pp. 143-165
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Apodemus; feet; geographical variation; head; islands; latitude; rivers; sexual maturity; skull; tail; China; Japan; Myanmar; Siberia
Abstract:
... Averages of external and cranial measurements were correlated with latitudes in Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco, and A. latronum in East Asia and Siberia. A total of 852 sexually mature specimens of 24–44 local populations were grouped into 5–11 regions by countries, provinces of China, running directions of big rivers in south-western China and Myanmar, or islands. In A. peninsulae, significant pos ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0303

28. Population Genetic Structure of the Asian Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) within and Across Management Units in Northern Japan

Author:
Uno Reina; Doko Tomoko; Ohnishi Naoki; Tamate Hidetoshi B.
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.4 pp. 231-244
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Ursus thibetanus; founder effect; genetic variation; geographical distribution; habitats; haplotypes; land use; landscapes; loci; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; models; prediction; Japan
Abstract:
... We examined the population genetic structure of the Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in a large continuous habitat in northern Japan. To determine how population subdivision relates to management units (MUs) proposed by the Ministry of the Environment, genetic variation in the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA-CR) and seven autosomal microsatellite loci was assessed in bears captured in s ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0404

29. Seasonal Variation of Activity Pattern in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) as Assessed by Camera Trap Survey

Author:
Ikeda Takashi; Takahashi Hiroshi; Yoshida Tsuyoshi; Igota Hiromasa; Matsuura Yukiko; Takeshita Kazutaka; Kaji Koichi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.4 pp. 199-205
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; cameras; deer; diurnal activity; lakes; nocturnal activity; seasonal variation; surveys; weather; wild boars; Japan
Abstract:
... Ungulate populations such as deer and wild boars have been expanding in range and increasing in number throughout many areas of the world. Regulation of these overabundant populations is urgently needed. For an effective culling program addressing these overabundant populations, it is essential to have information on the activity pattern of animals. To determine the factors affecting seasonality o ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0401

30. Activity of Male Internal Genitalia and Breeding Season in the Lesser Japanese Mole, Mogera imaizumii, Inferred from Morphometric and Histological Analyses

Author:
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.1 pp. 25-30
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
breeding; breeding season; epididymis; genitalia; males; moles; morphometry; seminiferous tubules; spermatids; spermatocytes; spermatogonia; spring; summer; winter; Japan
Abstract:
... We researched seasonal reproductive activity in the lesser Japanese mole, Mogera imaizumii, by morphometrical and histological methods for male internal genitalia using samples from Kanagawa Pref., central Honshu, Japan. On the basis of the weights of testis and the epididymis, we determined that their weights become higher during February–April. On the other hand, the histological profiles of sem ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0105

31. Fission and Reorganization of Maternity Colonies by Human Disturbance in the Greater Horseshoe Bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

Author:
Akira Sano
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.4 pp. 239-243
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum; anthropogenic activities; Japan
Abstract:
... The greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, is a large cave-dwelling bat and is commonest among cave-dwelling bat species in Japan. Cave-dwelling bats are very sensitive during the maternity season, and disturbance to maternity colonies often results in a serious impact on regional populations. However, a casual observation revealed R. ferrumequinum overcame serious accidental human dist ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0409

32. Genetic and morphological characterizations of house mice on the Miura Peninsula, central Honshu, Japan

Author:
Masahiro A. Iwasa; Mai Udagawa
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.4 pp. 223-228
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Mus musculus; body length; cytochrome b; genes; head; islands; mice; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; tail; Eurasia; Europe; Japan; Northern European region
Abstract:
... On the Miura Peninsula of central Honshu, Japan, there are international ports that, it is concerned, provide opportunities for the introduction of house mice via overseas cargoes. To evaluate the occurrence of such an introduction of overseas mice, in this study, we analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene and the morphological characteristics of house mouse (Mus musculus) samples (n = 47) ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0407

33. The Occurrence and Individual Identification Study of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins Tursiops aduncus in the Waters Around Amami Oshima Island, Southern Japan: A preliminary Report

Author:
Funasaka Noriko; Okabe Haruna; Oki Katsuki; Tokutake Kouji; Kawazu Isao; Yoshioka Motoi
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.3 pp. 163-169
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Tursiops aduncus; coasts; dolphins; group size; photographs; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... Surveys for the occurrence, distribution, and individual identification of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus were conducted around Amami Oshima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan from 2007 to 2013. The dolphins were primarily distributed in the areas where the survey effort was concentrated, particularly in Oshima Strait and on the western coast of the Island. In total, 33 groups ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0307

34. Alliance Formation of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) off Amakusa, Western Kyushu, Japan

Author:
Miki Nishita; Miki Shirakihara; Naoko Iwasa; Masao Amano
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 125-130
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Tursiops aduncus; coasts; data collection; dolphins; females; males; philopatry; Japan
Abstract:
... Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) off Amakusa-Shimoshima, approximately 200 individuals, form relatively large groups frequently exceeding 100 individuals and show high site fidelity to the area around Tsuji Island, northern coast of Amakusa-Shimoshima. This suggests that individual dolphins may have long interaction times with many other individuals. Consequently, competition be ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0302

35. Bark-feeding damage of sugi and hinoki cypress caused by sika deer, Cervus nippon: Does the sika deer prefer bark of hinoki cypress to sugi?

Author:
Akira Sano
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.2 pp. 105-110
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Chamaecyparis obtusa; Cryptomeria japonica; bark; debarking; plantations; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... Occurrence of bark-feeding damage by sika deer (Cervus nippon) was examined at 26 mixed plantations comprised of both sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) and hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) in Mie Prefecture, central Japan. There was no significant difference in damage ratios with the tree species in plantations with only slight damage. In plantations with a damage ratio over 5% in either tree speci ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0205

36. Ciliate Protozoa from the Rumens of Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus) Captured in the Northern Part of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan

Author:
Yuki Kimura; Riyou Tsujino; Harumi Torii
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 65-69
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Dasytricha ruminantium; Entodinium; Epidinium; Protozoa; fauna; rumen; ruminants; Japan
Abstract:
... Ciliate fauna collected from the rumens of eight wild Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) captured in the northern part of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, were compared with the ciliate faunas found in other Japanese wild ruminants. We identified six species belonging to two genera of ciliates (Entodinium nanellum, Ent. minimum, Ent. simplex, Ent. dubardi, Ent. longinucleatum, and Elytroplastron bub ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0101

37. Comparison of the Food Habits of the Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), the Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus), and the Wild Boar (Sus scrofa), Sympatric Herbivorous Mammals from Mt. Asama, Central Japan

Author:
Yoshitomo Endo; Hayato Takada; Seiki Takatsuki
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 131-140
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; Magnoliopsida; Sus scrofa; bamboos; boars; deer; dung beetles; eating habits; feces composition; graminoids; herbivores; leaves; particle size; summer; sympatry; wild boars; Japan
Abstract:
... Using fecal analyses, we examined the food habits of three large herbivorous mammals, the sika deer (Cervus nippon), the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus), and the wild boar (Sus scrofa) on Mt. Asama, central Japan. Ten fecal samples were collected in all four seasons during 2012–2013, although boar feces were not available in summer because of high-level dung beetle activity. The proportions o ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0303

38. Estimation of Population Density for Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Using Distance Sampling in the Forested Habitats of Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Hiroyuki Uno; Mayumi Ueno; Yoshihiro Inatomi; Yuichi Osa; Nobuhiro Akashi; Akira Unno; Kazuhiro Minamino
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 57-64
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; deer; forest habitats; forestry; herds; population density; population size; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... Sika deer (Cervus nippon) populations in Hokkaido have irrupted during the last three decades, causing severe damage to agriculture and forestry. Methods have been developed to estimate their population size on large but not on small scales. We estimated deer density using distance sampling to analyze the feasibility of employing the line-transect method in forested habitats on a management-distri ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0107

39. The Future of Urban Brown Bear Management in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan: a Review

Author:
Yoshikazu Sato
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 17-30
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Ursus arctos; biodiversity conservation; carnivores; high energy foods; human-wildlife relations; humans; issues and policy; landscapes; models; mortality; population growth; stakeholders; urban areas; wildlife management; Japan
Abstract:
... Recently, brown bears have moved deeper inside urban areas in Sapporo, the fifth-largest city with a population of 1.9 million in Japan. Here, I review urban large carnivore management and its human dimension and discuss how to create a model of harmonious coexistence that includes both management of human—brown bear conflict (HBC) and conservation of the lush, green environment of Sapporo. Althou ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0102

40. Masked Palm Civet Paguma larvata Summer Diet Differs between Sexes in a Suburban Area of Central Japan

Author:
Masakazu Iwama; Koji Yamazaki; Miho Matsuyama; Yoshinobu Hoshino; Masumi Hisano; Chris Newman; Yayoi Kaneko
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 185-190
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Paguma larvata; amphibians; cherries; diet; earthworms; eating habits; females; food security; foods; fruits; gender differences; highways; ingestion; insects; males; mammals; persimmons; progeny; stomach; strawberries; suburban areas; summer; Japan
Abstract:
... We studied the summer (June–August) diet of the masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) in a suburban area of Ibaraki Prefecture, using the stomach contents from road-killed carcasses. Specifically, our aim was to examine (i) monthly changes and (ii) if food habits differed between sexes, based on frequency of occurrence (FO) of the main food classes consumed. From 2009 to 2014, 61 civet carcasses were ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0301

41. Seasonal and Spatial Occurrence of Northern Fur Seals Callorhinus ursinus Around Northern Japan

Author:
Takanori Horimoto; Yoko Mitani; Mari Kobayashi; Kaoru Hattori; Yasunori Sakurai
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 51-56
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Callorhinus ursinus; adults; breeding; coasts; females; habitat preferences; islands; juveniles; males; seals; Japan; Pacific Ocean; Russia; Sea of Japan
Abstract:
... Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) disperse to broad areas and overwinter in the North Pacific Ocean during the non-breeding season. Fur seals breeding on islands off Russia mainly overwinter in the Sea of Japan and the off Pacific side of Japan in this season. Although the distribution of fur seals seems to vary with sexes and growth stages in this season, there is little information around ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0106

42. Three Cases of Anomalously White Risso's Dolphins Grampus griseus in Japan

Author:
Noriko Funasaka; Tetsuo Kirihata; Masayuki Hosono; Hidehiro Kato; Seiji Ohsumi
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 173-178
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
captive animals; color; dolphins; eyes; head; males; mucosa; pigmentation; throat; Japan
Abstract:
... Three male anomalously white Risso's dolphins Grampus griseus were observed in the waters off Taiji, Wakayama, Japan. One (GG-1) was captured alive in 2007, and the other two (GG-2 and GG-3) were captured in 2014. The color pattern of GG-1 is approximately divided into two parts; the middle of the trunk and the lower part of the dorsal fin are white, whereas the anterior and caudal portions have d ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0307

43. Comparison of Visitors and Pollinators of Mucuna macrocarpa between Urban and Forest Environments

Author:
Shun Kobayashi; Tetsuo Denda; Chi-Cheng Liao; Yu-Hsiu Lin; Wei-Ting Liu; Masako Izawa
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 219-228
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Callosciurus; Mucuna macrocarpa; Pteropus; biodiversity; cross pollination; flowers; forests; habitats; nectar robbing; pollinators; squirrels; urban areas; urbanization; Japan; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Mammal-plant interactions differ significantly between urban and natural environments; however, knowledge of mammal-pollinated plants in urban areas remains limited compared to plants in their natural habitats. Here, we compared the flower visitors of Mucuna macrocarpa between urban and forested areas in Okinawa-jima Island, Japan and in Taiwan. Mucuna macrocarpa requires a highly specialized poll ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0029

44. Feeding Habits of Asian Black Bears (Ursus thibetanus) in Relation to the Abundance and Timing of Fruiting in 13 Tree Species

Author:
Ami Nakajima; Shinsuke Koike; Koji Yamazaki; Chinatsu Kozakai; Yui Nemoto; Takashi Masaki; Koichi Kaji
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 167-178
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Quercus mongolica; Ursus thibetanus; autumn; foods; forage; fruits; mountains; summer; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... We examined the relationship between the feeding habits of Asian black bears (Ursusthibetanus) and fruit availability during summer and autumn from 2008 to 2011 in the Ashio-Nikko Mountains, Japan. Our main questions were as follows: 1) How does the availability of multiple fruit species influence the feeding habits during summer and autumn? and 2) When do bears begin to forage on hard mast in rel ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0032

45. Hybridization between Native and Introduced Individuals of Sika Deer in the Central Part of Toyama Prefecture

Author:
Saifun Nahaer Eva; Yuji Yamazaki
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 269-274
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Cervus nippon; ecosystems; gene pool; genetic markers; indigenous species; introduced species; introgression; invasive species; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; Japan
Abstract:
... In recent decades, invasive animals have disturbed the native ecosystem, via intraspecific and interspecific genetic hybridization. Previously, maternally-inherited mitochondrial DNA analysis detected two genetically distinct lineages of the sika deer (Cervus nippon) in the Japanese Archipelago and revealed the coexistence of both lineages mainly in the central part of Toyama Prefecture in Japan. ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0006

46. Interspecific Burrow Sharing between Mammals in Countryside in Japan

Author:
Akira Kondo
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 213-218
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Meles; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Procyon lotor; Vulpes vulpes; burrows; cameras; carnivores; temporal variation
Abstract:
... In Japan, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) have been observed using burrows made by Japanese badgers (Meles anakuma). However, basic information, including how and when the species share the burrows, is scarce. In this study, a camera trap was set at a burrow entrance used by badgers, and different mammals that used the burrow were investigated. Burrow uses by ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0062

47. Low genetic diversity in an isolated red fox (Vulpes vulpes) population on Mt. Hakodate, Japan, revealed by microsatellite analyses of fecal samples

Author:
Yosuke Amaike; Takahiro Murakami; Ryuichi Masuda
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 141-152
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Vulpes vulpes; adults; feces; foxes; gene flow; genetic variation; genotyping; microsatellite repeats; population size; urban areas; Japan
Abstract:
... Mt. Hakodate, Hokkaido, is a small mountain geographically isolated by the sea and urban area, and some red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) live there. In consideration of the specific geographical environment, we made a hypothesis that the fox population on Mt. Hakodate is small in size and isolated, and consequently its genetic variation is low, and then tested it. To investigate the genetic variation, we ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0055

48. Phylogeography of the Japanese White-Toothed Shrew (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae): A Clear Division of Haplogroups between Eastern and Western Japan and their Recent Introduction to Some Regions

Author:
Satoshi D. Ohdachi; Kazunori Yoshizawa; Yasushi Takada; Masaharu Motokawa; Masahiro A. Iwasa; Satoru Arai; Junji Moribe; Yasushi Uematsu; Eiichi Sakai; Takashi Tateishi; Hong-Shik Oh; Gohta Kinoshita
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 245-259
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Crocidura; DNA; cytochrome b; genes; heterozygosity; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; mutation; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; phylogeography; shrews; Japan; South Korea
Abstract:
... The Japanese white-toothed shrew (Crocidura dsinezumi) is a species endemic to Japan. For this species, only minimal phylogeographic investigations have been conducted. We obtained DNA sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b and control region and nuclear ApoB genes for 191 individuals of C. dsinezumi from 107 locations collected throughout its known range. In the phylogenetic trees based on mitoc ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0059

49. Reproductive Histories of Asian Black Bears Can be Determined by Cementum Annuli Width

Author:
Kahoko Tochigi; Hiroo Tamatani; Chinatsu Kozakai; Akino Inagaki; Tomoko Naganuma; Hiroaki Myojo; Koji Yamazaki; Shinsuke Koike
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 261-268
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Ursus thibetanus; adults; females; food availability; lactation; life history; parturition; progeny; reproductive success; yearlings; Japan
Abstract:
... Very little is known about the cementum annuli of Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus). We collected the first premolar tooth from adult female bears in central Japan to investigate whether reproductive history was reflected in cementum annuli width; previous studies have indicated that this is possible in other bear species. We calculated the proportional width index (PWI) value as an index of an ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0016

50. Aneuploid Chromosome Constitutions of the Small Japanese Field Mouse, Apodemus argenteus, in the Western Mountainous Area of Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan

Author:
Hikari Myoshu; Masahiro A. Iwasa
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.4 pp. 283-288
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Apodemus argenteus; B chromosomes; X chromosome; aneuploidy; females; fluorescence; karyotyping; mice; mountains; quinacrine; staining; Japan
Abstract:
... We studied an occurrence of chromosomal aneuploidy for ten individuals in the small Japanese field mouse, Apodemus argenteus, from the western mountainous area of Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. Eight of the individuals examined showed the standard 2n = 46 and FNa = 48 constitutions as the most frequent karyotype. However, of those eight individuals, seven carried an inter-cellular mosaicism w ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0002