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1. A Comparative Study of the Fecal Characters of Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Author:
Yamashiro, Asuka; Kamada, Mahito; Yamashiro, Tadashi
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 117-122
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; DNA; defecation; discriminant analysis; feces; pellets; species identification; surveys; ungulates; Japan
Abstract:
... The fecal pellets and fecal pellet group characters of two ungulates, the Japanese serow and sika deer, were compared in Tokushima, Japan, where the species occur sympatrically. Species identification based on 82 fecal DNA samples revealed that 28 and 54 fecal pellet groups were from Japanese serow and sika deer, respectively. The mean values of three fecal pellet groups characters, the maximum di ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0207

2. Activity of Male Internal Genitalia and Breeding Season in the Lesser Japanese Mole, Mogera imaizumii, Inferred from Morphometric and Histological Analyses

Author:
,; ,
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.1 pp. 25-30
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
breeding; breeding season; epididymis; genitalia; males; moles; morphometry; seminiferous tubules; spermatids; spermatocytes; spermatogonia; spring; summer; winter; Japan
Abstract:
... We researched seasonal reproductive activity in the lesser Japanese mole, Mogera imaizumii, by morphometrical and histological methods for male internal genitalia using samples from Kanagawa Pref., central Honshu, Japan. On the basis of the weights of testis and the epididymis, we determined that their weights become higher during February–April. On the other hand, the histological profiles of sem ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0105

3. Alliance Formation of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) off Amakusa, Western Kyushu, Japan

Author:
Nishita, Miki; Shirakihara, Miki; Iwasa, Naoko; Amano, Masao
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 125-130
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Tursiops aduncus; coasts; data collection; dolphins; females; males; philopatry; Japan
Abstract:
... Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) off Amakusa-Shimoshima, approximately 200 individuals, form relatively large groups frequently exceeding 100 individuals and show high site fidelity to the area around Tsuji Island, northern coast of Amakusa-Shimoshima. This suggests that individual dolphins may have long interaction times with many other individuals. Consequently, competition be ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0302

4. Aneuploid Chromosome Constitutions of the Small Japanese Field Mouse, Apodemus argenteus, in the Western Mountainous Area of Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan

Author:
Myoshu, Hikari; Iwasa, Masahiro A.
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.4 pp. 283-288
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Apodemus argenteus; B chromosomes; X chromosome; aneuploidy; females; fluorescence; karyotyping; mice; mountains; quinacrine; staining; Japan
Abstract:
... We studied an occurrence of chromosomal aneuploidy for ten individuals in the small Japanese field mouse, Apodemus argenteus, from the western mountainous area of Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. Eight of the individuals examined showed the standard 2n = 46 and FNa = 48 constitutions as the most frequent karyotype. However, of those eight individuals, seven carried an inter-cellular mosaicism w ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0002

5. Bark-feeding damage of sugi and hinoki cypress caused by sika deer, Cervus nippon: Does the sika deer prefer bark of hinoki cypress to sugi?

Author:
Sano, Akira
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.2 pp. 105-110
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Chamaecyparis obtusa; Cryptomeria japonica; bark; debarking; plantations; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... Occurrence of bark-feeding damage by sika deer (Cervus nippon) was examined at 26 mixed plantations comprised of both sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) and hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) in Mie Prefecture, central Japan. There was no significant difference in damage ratios with the tree species in plantations with only slight damage. In plantations with a damage ratio over 5% in either tree speci ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0205

6. Ciliate Protozoa from the Rumens of Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus) Captured in the Northern Part of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan

Author:
Kimura, Yuki; Tsujino, Riyou; Torii, Harumi
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 65-69
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Dasytricha ruminantium; Entodinium; Epidinium; Protozoa; fauna; rumen; ruminants; Japan
Abstract:
... Ciliate fauna collected from the rumens of eight wild Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) captured in the northern part of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, were compared with the ciliate faunas found in other Japanese wild ruminants. We identified six species belonging to two genera of ciliates (Entodinium nanellum, Ent. minimum, Ent. simplex, Ent. dubardi, Ent. longinucleatum, and Elytroplastron bub ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0101

7. Comparison of the Food Habits of the Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), the Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus), and the Wild Boar (Sus scrofa), Sympatric Herbivorous Mammals from Mt. Asama, Central Japan

Author:
Endo, Yoshitomo; Takada, Hayato; Takatsuki, Seiki
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 131-140
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; Magnoliopsida; Sus scrofa; bamboos; boars; deer; dung beetles; eating habits; feces composition; graminoids; herbivores; leaves; particle size; summer; sympatry; wild boars; Japan
Abstract:
... Using fecal analyses, we examined the food habits of three large herbivorous mammals, the sika deer (Cervus nippon), the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus), and the wild boar (Sus scrofa) on Mt. Asama, central Japan. Ten fecal samples were collected in all four seasons during 2012–2013, although boar feces were not available in summer because of high-level dung beetle activity. The proportions o ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0303

8. Comparison of Visitors and Pollinators of Mucuna macrocarpa between Urban and Forest Environments

Author:
Kobayashi, Shun; Denda, Tetsuo; Liao, Chi-Cheng; Lin, Yu-Hsiu; Liu, Wei-Ting; Izawa, Masako
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 219-228
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Callosciurus; Mucuna macrocarpa; Pteropus; biodiversity; cross pollination; flowers; forests; habitats; nectar robbing; pollinators; squirrels; urban areas; urbanization; Japan; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Mammal-plant interactions differ significantly between urban and natural environments; however, knowledge of mammal-pollinated plants in urban areas remains limited compared to plants in their natural habitats. Here, we compared the flower visitors of Mucuna macrocarpa between urban and forested areas in Okinawa-jima Island, Japan and in Taiwan. Mucuna macrocarpa requires a highly specialized poll ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0029

9. Contrasting Effect of Artificial Grasslands on the Intensity of Deer Browsing and Debarking in Forests

Author:
Takarabe, Kanoko; Iijima, Hayato
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.3 pp. 173-181
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; browsing; debarking; deer; environmental factors; foraging; forests; herbivores; keystone species; landscapes; meadows; pastures; probability; trees; understory; Japan
Abstract:
... Deer can strongly affect other species as a keystone species. The intensity of their herbivory impact on forest vegetation is suggested to be affected by not only deer density but also by other environmental factors such as landscape components. Especially, artificial grasslands such as pastures and meadows possibility affect deer impact on forest vegetation by altering deer foraging behavior. The ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0082

10. Dental Microwear Texture Analysis in Two Ruminants, Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), from Central Japan

Author:
Aiba, Konoka; Miura, Shingo; Kubo, Mugino O.
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.3 pp. 183-192
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; browsing; deer; diet; foraging; graminoids; grazing; herbivores; interspecific variation; surface roughness; sympatry; texture; Japan
Abstract:
... Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) can be used to quantitatively evaluate tooth surface roughness and has been used to distinguish herbivorous ungulates according to interspecific dietary differences among grazers, browsers, and mixed feeders. Moreover, DMTA has been applied among local populations with intraspecific dietary variation. In general, the tooth surfaces of grazing species/popula ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0081

11. Dietary Overlap But Spatial Gap between Sympatric Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) on Eastern Shikoku, Japan

Author:
Yamashiro, Asuka; Kaneshiro, Yoshinori; Kawaguchi, Yoichi; Yamashiro, Tadashi
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.4 pp. 261-267
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; altitude; cameras; grasslands; habitats; sympatry; temperate zones; topographic slope; ungulates; Japan
Abstract:
... Spatial separation and dietary differences may allow the coexistence of similar sized ungulate species. Over the past two decades, populations of the sika deer (Cervus nippon) have increased markedly and overlapped with the habitats of the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus). Recently, the Japanese serow population has declined and shifted its habitat from higher to lower altitudes in Shikoku, Ja ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0072

12. Effectiveness of Noninvasive DNA Analysis to Reveal Isolated-Forest Use by the Sable Martes zibellina on Eastern Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Nagai, Tomoko; Murakami, Takahiro; Masuda, Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 99-104
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
DNA; Martes; females; forests; genetic markers; home range; males; monitoring; urine; wintering grounds; Japan
Abstract:
... In order to assess importance of isolated forests as the wintering habitat of the sable (Martes zibellina) in eastern Hokkaido, Japan, we performed DNA analyses on 59 samples noninvasively collected in field (54 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples). Consequently, 46 (41 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples) of the 59 samples were recognized to have dropped from the sable. In addition, we successfully i ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0205

13. Environmental Factors for the Occurrence of the Smith's Red-Backed Vole, Eothenomys smithii, in Rocky Terrains at the Foot of Mt. Fuji in Central Japan

Author:
Tabata, Mayuh; Iwasa, Masahiro A.
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 pp. 243-250
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Bryopsida; Eothenomys; environmental factors; forests; mountains; principal component analysis; regression analysis; trapping; traps; valleys; voles; Japan
Abstract:
... The relationship between environmental factors and the occurrence of the Smith's redbacked vole, Eothenomys smithii, was analyzed first by principle component analysis (PCA) to select factors and suitability of fit between capturing results of the voles, and subsequently by multiple regression analysis (MRA) to identify significant environmental factors affecting the occurrence of the vole. Six re ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0408

14. Estimation of Population Density for Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Using Distance Sampling in the Forested Habitats of Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Uno, Hiroyuki; Ueno, Mayumi; Inatomi, Yoshihiro; Osa, Yuichi; Akashi, Nobuhiro; Unno, Akira; Minamino, Kazuhiro
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 57-64
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; deer; forest habitats; forestry; herds; population density; population size; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... Sika deer (Cervus nippon) populations in Hokkaido have irrupted during the last three decades, causing severe damage to agriculture and forestry. Methods have been developed to estimate their population size on large but not on small scales. We estimated deer density using distance sampling to analyze the feasibility of employing the line-transect method in forested habitats on a management-distri ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0107

15. Factors Affecting the Distribution of the Japanese Weasel Mustela itatsi and the Siberian Weasel M. sibirica in Japan

Author:
Sasaki, Hiroshi; Ohta, Kyoko; Aoi, Toshiki; Watanabe, Shigeki; Hosoda, Tetsuji; Suzuki, Hitoshi; Abe, Mikiko; Koyasu, Kazuhiro; Kobayashi, Syuji; Oda, Sen-ichi
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.3 pp. 133-139
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Mustela sibirica; grasslands; habitats; mountains; paddies; plantations; trapping; villages; yearlings; Japan
Abstract:
... The vertical distribution of introduced Siberian weasels Mustela sibirica and endemic Japanese weasels M. itatsi in the Seburi Mountains in Kyushu, Japan, was examined from October 1996 to February 1998. Siberian weasels occurred near villages with paddy and cultivated fields, whereas Japanese weasels occurred in grasslands and plantations. The dispersion of yearlings destabilized the distribution ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0302

16. Feeding Habits of Asian Black Bears (Ursus thibetanus) in Relation to the Abundance and Timing of Fruiting in 13 Tree Species

Author:
Nakajima, Ami; Koike, Shinsuke; Yamazaki, Koji; Kozakai, Chinatsu; Nemoto, Yui; Masaki, Takashi; Kaji, Koichi
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 167-178
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Quercus mongolica; Ursus thibetanus; autumn; foods; forage; fruits; mountains; summer; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... We examined the relationship between the feeding habits of Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus) and fruit availability during summer and autumn from 2008 to 2011 in the Ashio-Nikko Mountains, Japan. Our main questions were as follows: 1) How does the availability of multiple fruit species influence the feeding habits during summer and autumn? and 2) When do bears begin to forage on hard mast in re ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0032

17. Fission and Reorganization of Maternity Colonies by Human Disturbance in the Greater Horseshoe Bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

Author:
Sano, Akira
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.4 pp. 239-243
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum; anthropogenic activities; Japan
Abstract:
... The greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, is a large cave-dwelling bat and is commonest among cave-dwelling bat species in Japan. Cave-dwelling bats are very sensitive during the maternity season, and disturbance to maternity colonies often results in a serious impact on regional populations. However, a casual observation revealed R. ferrumequinum overcame serious accidental human dist ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0409

18. Genetic and morphological characterizations of house mice on the Miura Peninsula, central Honshu, Japan

Author:
Iwasa, Masahiro A.; Udagawa, Mai
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.4 pp. 223-228
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Mus musculus; body length; cytochrome b; genes; head; islands; mice; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; tail; Eurasia; Europe; Japan; Northern European region
Abstract:
... On the Miura Peninsula of central Honshu, Japan, there are international ports that, it is concerned, provide opportunities for the introduction of house mice via overseas cargoes. To evaluate the occurrence of such an introduction of overseas mice, in this study, we analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene and the morphological characteristics of house mouse (Mus musculus) samples (n = 47) ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0407

19. Genetic Characterization of Northernmost Isolated Population of Asian Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Japan

Author:
Yamamoto, Toshiaki; Oka, Teruki; Ohnishi, Naoki; Tanaka, Hirohisa; Takatsuto, Nozomi; Okumura, Yuri
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 85-91
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Ursus thibetanus; microsatellite repeats; endangered species; mitochondrial DNA; gene flow; habitat fragmentation; genetic variation; genetic markers; Japan
Abstract:
... The Asian black bear inhabiting the Shimokita Peninsula, the northernmost part of Honshu, Japan, is categorized as one of the endangered local populations (LPs) in the list of threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. The Shimokita population has become geographically isolated and fragmented due to recent human activity. In this study, we conducted DNA sampling between 2005–2007 of two ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0209

20. Genetic Differentiation Among the Breeding Areas of the Spotted Seal, Phoca largha, Around Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Azuma, Noriko; Negishi, Rena; Kobayashi, Mari
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 77-83
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Phoca largha; breeding sites; cytochrome b; genes; genetic variation; haplotypes; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; population structure; Japan
Abstract:
... We investigated the population structure of the spotted seal, Phoca largha, around Hokkaido, Japan, inferred from sequence variations of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Twenty-six haplotypes were identified in 52 individuals, and 21 of them were newly found in the present study. To detect population structure, samples were divided into three groups—Mamiya, Okhotsk, and Habomai—based on breedi ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0039