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You searched for: Journal name Mammal study Remove constraint Journal name: Mammal study Subject term Japan Remove constraint Subject term: Japan
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1. Origin and Abundance of Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Winter Haulout at Benten-Jima Rock Off Cape Soya, Hokkaido, Japan between 2012–2017

Author:
Yoko Goto; Takeomi Isono; Shun Ikuta; Vladimir Burkanov
Source:
Mammal study 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 87-101
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Eumetopias jubatus; Japan; coasts; mammals; surveys
Abstract:
... Benten-Jima Rock, located off Cape Soya, Hokkaido, has been a Steller sea lion (SSL; Eumetopias jubatus) winter haulout for decades. The animals usually occupy the site from October to May. Observations have been sporadic, although the population count started to increase in 2005. We have monitored SSL numbers since 2012 using several survey methods, such as observation by direct counting and remo ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0029

2. Abundance Estimates of Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias jubatus) Off the Western Coast of Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Kaoru Hattori; Toshihide Kitakado; Takeomi Isono; Orio Yamamura
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 3-16
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Eumetopias jubatus; Japan; coasts; continental shelf; mammals; seasonal variation; spring; statistical analysis; Sea of Japan
Abstract:
... Aerial surveys were conducted to estimate the abundance of wintering populations of Steller sea lions (SSLs; Eumetopias jubatus) in the Sea of Japan originated from Russian waters using the line transect sampling method during spring from 2005 to 2019. The survey areas covered the continental shelf off the western coast of Hokkaido. A total of 28 196 km survey effort was made through the study per ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0030

3. Can Video Traps Reliably Detect Animals? Implications for the Density Estimation of Animals without Individual Recognition

Author:
Gota Yajima; Yoshihiro Nakashima
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.3 pp. 189-195
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; animal density; cameras; dogs; probability
Abstract:
... Several statistical models have recently been developed to estimate animal density using camera trappings without individual animal recognition. However, most models assume that detection by camera traps of animals passing a specific area of the camera view is perfect. A recently developed REST model (Nakashima et al. 2018; Journal of Applied Ecology 55: 735–744) also depends on the trapping rates ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0055

4. Comparison of Age-at-Death Patterns in the Irruption and Post-Population-Crash Phases of an Introduced Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Population

Author:
Kazutaka M. Takeshita; Mugino O. Kubo; Mayumi Ueno; Mari Ishizaki; Hiroshi Takahashi; Tsuyoshi Yoshida; Hiromasa Igota; Takashi Ikeda; Koichi Kaji
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 77-84
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Japan; adverse effects; data collection; deer; fawns; probability; yearlings
Abstract:
... Age-specific changes in deer demographic parameters under food limitation are an important factor in predicting the post-population-crash dynamics of irruptive deer populations. To evaluate the differences in age-class-at-death between the initial irruption and post-population-crash phases of a sika deer (Cervus nippon) population, we analyzed a dataset of naturally dead carcasses from an introduc ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0009

5. Contribution of Acorn Masting to Food Composition and Body Condition of and Crop Damage by Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) Inhabiting Evergreen Forests in Japan

Author:
Akitaka Omori; Eiji Hosoi
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.47 no.2 pp. 65-75
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Castanopsis cuspidata; Japan; Sus scrofa; acorns; bamboos; body condition; crop damage; food composition; mammals; masting; stomach; wild boars
Abstract:
... We analyzed the stomach contents of wild boars (Sus scrofa) inhabiting evergreen forests in western Japan and found that they were dependent on the masting of acorns of Castanopsis cuspidata. The increased availability of C. cuspidata acorns positively affected their consumption by wild boars. In the good mast years, wild boars consumed C. cuspidata acorns from November to June of the following ye ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2021-0024

6. Diel Activity Patterns of Three Sympatric Medium-Sized Carnivores during Winter and Spring in a Heavy Snowfall Area in Northeastern Japan

Author:
Ryoga Watabe; Masayuki U. Saito
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 69-75
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Procyon lotor; cameras; diel activity; forests; mammals; snow; spring; sympatry; winter
Abstract:
... In a heavy snowfall area in northeastern Japan, we clarified the diel activity patterns of and seasonal differences in three sympatric carnivores (red foxes, raccoon dogs, and Japanese martens) during winter and spring, and the interspecific differences among the activity patterns in each season. The activity time of the target species was obtained by camera-trap surveys at seven sites around the ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0039

7. Effects of Vegetation Structure on the Habitat Utilization of Free-Ranging Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata) in a Coniferous Plantation Area

Author:
Akira Chijiiwa; Akisato Nishimura
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 143-152
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Macaca fuscata; bamboos; coniferous forests; deciduous forests; edge effects; food availability; food composition; food plants; habitat conservation; habitats; home range; mammals; rural areas; surveys; vegetation structure
Abstract:
... We studied home range use of crop-raiding Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in Shiga Prefecture, central Japan, to address the effects of vegetation structure, specifically forest edge, on their habitat utilization. We compared the home range use of a troop inhabiting a rural area surrounded by a coniferous plantation with that of a troop inhabiting deciduous/coniferous forest mixed area. We then ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0069

8. External Morphological and Molecular Evidence of Natural Intrageneric Hybridization between Common and Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus × T. aduncus) from Japanese Waters

Author:
Daiki Inamori; Yuki F. Kita; Noriko Funasaka
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.47 no.2 pp. 133-140
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Tursiops aduncus; Tursiops truncatus; body length; bycatch; dolphins; females; haplotypes; males; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA
Abstract:
... Hybrid cetaceans occur in both captive and natural environments. This study is the first to describe the external morphological and genetic characterizations of natural intrageneric hybridization between the common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, and the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, T. aduncus, in Japanese waters. In November 2019, a stray dolphin was seen in Moriura Bay, Wakayama, Jap ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2021-0039

9. Factors Affecting Pre-Denning Activity in Asian Black Bears

Author:
Seungyun Baek; Tadashi Iwasaki; Koji Yamazaki; Tomoko Naganuma; Akino Inagaki; Kahoko Tochigi; Maximilian L. Allen; Chinatsu Kozakai; Shinsuke Koike
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.4 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Ursus thibetanus; hibernation; life history; mammals; process control
Abstract:
... Hibernation (denning) is an important aspect of the life history of Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus), and denning chronology can be influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. We investigated activity patterns during the pre-denning period of Asian black bears using statistical process control in combination with activity sensors to quantitatively identify a marked reduction in activity from 200 ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0101

10. Genetic Analysis of a Newly Established Deer Population Expanding in the Sasebo Area in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan Reveals No Evidence of Genetic Disturbance by Formosan Sika Deer

Author:
Junco Nagata; Masatoshi Yasuda; Asuka Yamashiro
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.3 pp. 251-263
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Japan; deer; forestry; genetic analysis; haplotypes; hybridization; invasive species; mitochondrial DNA; vegetation
Abstract:
... Native sika deer (Cervus nippon) had not been observed in and around Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. However, deer have recently been confirmed in this area, and the number of individuals and the range have been expanding, causing damage to forestry and natural vegetation. Although the origin of these deer is unknown, it may be derived from Formosan sika deer (C. n. taiouanus), wh ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0084

11. Genetic Assessment on the Origin of Alien Macaques in the Boso Peninsula in Japan

Author:
Yoshi Kawamoto
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 173-186
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Y chromosome; genes; haplotypes; hybridization; introduced species; mammals; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; vaccines; China; Indochina
Abstract:
... Japanese macaques and alien macaques have hybridized in the Boso Peninsula, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. In this study, the origin of the alien species was investigated by molecular assessments with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y-chromosome genes. Maternal origin was assessed by comparing mtDNA sequence records. The results suggested that the alien species in the southern part of peninsula originated ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0078

12. Human–Macaque Conflicts in Shrinking Communities: Recent Achievements and Challenges in Problem Solving in Modern Japan

Author:
Hiroto Enari
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 115-130
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Macaca fuscata; conflict management; mammals; people
Abstract:
... The populations of the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata), which were vulnerable until the early 20th century, have recently recovered. However, this recovery process has rarely been hailed as a conservation success, because it has triggered serious conflicts between people and the macaques. The key exacerbating causes of the conflicts have been the drastic changes in the interrelations between the ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0056

13. Mitochondrial DNA Haplotypes of Killer Whales around Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Yoko Mitani; Yuki F. Kita; Shigeo Saino; Motoi Yoshioka; Hiroshi Ohizumi; Fumio Nakahara
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.3 pp. 205-211
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Orcinus orca; coasts; cytochrome b; databases; ecotypes; genetic variation; haplotypes; mammals; mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial genome; nucleotide sequences
Abstract:
... In this study, we examined a genetic variation of killer whales, Orcinus orca, from off the coast of Hokkaido, Japan, by sequencing the D-loop and cytochrome b (Cyt-b) regions of the mitochondrial genome. Three D-loop and two Cyt-b haplotypes were identified from eight skin biopsies. These five haplotypes had been previously deposited at GenBank and the International Nucleotide Sequence Database C ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0072

14. Morphological and Molecular Recharacterization of the Rodent Genus Mus from Nepal Based on Museum Specimens

Author:
Makoto Kishimoto; Masaru Kato; Hitoshi Suzuki
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.4 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Mus musculus; altitude; color; cytochrome b; fur; genes; geometry; mice; mitochondria; morphometry; museums; nose; phylogeny; skull; taxonomy; Nepal
Abstract:
... The taxonomy and phylogeny of the subgenus Mus, the Eurasian lineage of the genus Mus, remain unresolved, even for the house mouse (Mus musculus). While the subgenus is diverse in Asia, few studies cover both its morphology and molecular phylogeny. We re-examined 70 specimens identified as M. cervicolor that were collected from central Nepal in 1968 and 1975 and are currently deposited in the Hokk ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0065

15. New Humpback Whale Remains from the Holocene (Quaternary) of Osaka, Japan

Author:
Yoshihiro Tanaka; Hiroyuki Taruno
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.4 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Holocene epoch; Japan; Megaptera novaeangliae; adults; body length; coracoid; humerus; scapula; whales
Abstract:
... The generic name of the humpback whale, Megaptera was named after their forelimb, which means a “large wing”. New whale remains (specimen number: OMNH-QV 60) including the right scapula, humerus, and radius from the Namba Formation, Holocene in Osaka, Japan is reported as a humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae based on diagnoses of the species; having reduced acromion and coracoid processes of t ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2021-0007

16. Reasons for the Dissatisfaction of Residents with the Recent Reduction in the Amount of Crop Damage by Japanese Macaques—a Case Study in a Typical Depopulating Prefecture in Northern Japan

Author:
Haruka S. Enari; Hiroto Enari
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 153-160
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Macaca fuscata; case studies; conflict management; crop damage; decision making; human population; mammals; questionnaires; spatial data; statistics; urban agriculture
Abstract:
... A decrease in the amount of crop damage by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) is often defined as the primary official goal for conflict resolution. Recent government-led countermeasures have resulted in a decline in the amount of such damage, at least per the government statistics; however, residents rarely recognize this decline as a success of conflict management. We hypothesized that this unex ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0060

17. Seasonal Diel Activity Patterns of Three Sympatric Ungulates in Forested Area in Central Japan

Author:
Takashi Ikeda; Satuski Nakamori; Masaki Ando; Takumi Shirakawa; Takuya Okamoto; Masatsugu Suzuki
Source:
Mammal study 2021 v.47 no.1 pp. 47-56
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Japan; cameras; diel activity; forests; nocturnal activity; sympatry; wild boars
Abstract:
... The diel activity pattern is a key factor in the coexistence mechanism of sympatric wild animals, enabling temporal niche partitioning. Although previous studies on sympatric ungulates (sika deer, Japanese serow, and wild boar) have reported dietary and spatial niche partitioning, temporal niche partitioning in these sympatric ungulates is not well understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2021-0031

18. A Fin Whale from the Holocene (Quaternary) of Osaka City, Japan

Author:
Yoshihiro Tanaka; Hiroyuki Taruno
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.2 pp. 143-154
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Balaenoptera physalus; Holocene epoch; Japan; Pleistocene epoch; mammals; scapula; skull
Abstract:
... Specimen number OMNH-QV 4815, including the skull, mandibles, fused basihyal and thyrohyal, vertebrae, ribs, and scapula from the Namba Formation (Holocene), in Osaka City, Japan is identified as Balaenoptera physalus by having the thick anteriorly projected and laterally narrower basihyal and thyrohyal complex, and slender mandibles with laterally tilted coronoid processes. OMNH-QV 4815 is the se ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0044

19. Acoustic Detection of an Unknown Bat Species in Okinawa

Author:
Vladimir Dinets; Nicholas R. Friedman; Masashi Yoshimura; Masako Ogasawara; Evan P. Economo
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.4 pp. 353-356
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Chiroptera; Ryukyu Archipelago; acoustics; echolocation; mammals; rare species; ultrasonics
Abstract:
... Pipistrelles of the genus Hypsugo are among the rarest bats in Japan, known from a handful of records. In June 2018, a sequence of echolocation calls apparently by a bat of this genus was recorded by an automatic ultrasound recorder on the island of Okinawa. The calls closely resemble H. pulveratus, a Chinese species never before recorded in Japan, and H. alaschanicus, a very rare species in Japan ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0077

20. Bi-Directional Movement of Deer between Tomogashima Islands and the Western Part of the Kii Peninsula, Japan, with Special Reference to Hybridization between the Japanese Sika Deer (Cervus nippon centralis) and the Introduced Exotic Deer

Author:
Toshihito Takagi; Yuki Matsumoto; Ryosuke Koda; Hidetoshi B. Tamate
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.2 pp. 133-141
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Japan; deer; ecosystems; genes; hybrids; introgression; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; population structure; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Deer have been artificially introduced into many countries that are not within their native range. In some cases, they have disturbed the natural ecosystem in the invaded area. On Okinoshima Island in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, exotic deer were introduced from Taiwan in 1955 and have since bred in the wild, raising concerns about their invasion into the habitats of, and hybridization with, the na ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0048

21. Diet of Mass-Stranded Striped Dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) in Southern Japan (East China Sea)

Author:
Ayaka Matsuda; Tadasu K. Yamada; Yuko Tajima; Tatsuya Kunisue; Masao Amano; Takashi F. Matsuishi
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.46 no.1 pp. 17-24
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Loliginidae; Ommastrephidae; Stenella coeruleoalba; chi-square distribution; diet; females; males; muscles; prey species; stomach; East China Sea
Abstract:
... Striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) mass-stranded on 26 April 2013 at Minamisatsuma, Kagoshima Prefecture, in southern Japan (East China Sea). The diet of the mass-stranded striped dolphins was investigated to reveal their foraging pattern through analyses of the stomach contents and stable isotopes in muscle. Of 26 stomachs sampled, 25 contained hard parts of prey animals; no fleshy remains ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0005

22. Estimation of Sexual Maturity Based on Morphometrics of Genital Organs in Male Northern Fur Seals, Callorhinus ursinus

Author:
Yukino Hirakawa; Takanori Horimoto; Ippei Suzuki; Yoko Mitani
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.46 no.1 pp. 41-51
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Callorhinus ursinus; Japan; discriminant analysis; epididymis; fur; histology; males; morphometry; ontogeny; seasonal variation; sexual maturity; spermatogenesis
Abstract:
... It's not always possible to obtain samples from dead male pinnipeds that are fresh enough to determine the histological characteristics of spermatogenesis and their stage of sexual maturity. We propose that the morphometrics of genital organs of northern fur seals, Callorhinus ursinus, can be used as a new indicator of sexual maturity. We analyzed data from collected records of male fur seals arou ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0004

23. Evolutionary and Anthropogenic Factors Affecting the Mitochondrial D-loop Genetic Diversity of Apodemus and Myodes Rodents on the Northern Slope of Mt. Fuji

Author:
Jun J. Sato; Haruka Aiba; Kouichi Ohtake; Shusaku Minato
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.4 pp. 315-325
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Apodemus argenteus; Apodemus speciosus; Japan; Myodes; anthropogenic activities; biodiversity; genetic variation; mitochondria; national parks; roads; topographic slope
Abstract:
... Nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial D-loop region were examined in three wild rodents (Apodemus argenteus, Apodemus speciosus, and Myodes smithii) on the northern slope of Mt. Fuji, the highest mountain in Japan, to elucidate the past evolutionary and present anthropogenic processes shaping their genetic diversity. Nucleotide diversity, median-joining network, and mismatch distribution analy ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0033

24. Genetic Differentiation Among the Breeding Areas of the Spotted Seal, Phoca largha, Around Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Noriko Azuma; Rena Negishi; Mari Kobayashi
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 77-83
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Phoca largha; breeding sites; cytochrome b; genes; genetic variation; haplotypes; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; population structure; Japan
Abstract:
... We investigated the population structure of the spotted seal, Phoca largha, around Hokkaido, Japan, inferred from sequence variations of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Twenty-six haplotypes were identified in 52 individuals, and 21 of them were newly found in the present study. To detect population structure, samples were divided into three groups—Mamiya, Okhotsk, and Habomai—based on breedi ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0039

25. Geographic Skull Variation of the Japanese Weasel, Mustela itatsi in Islands Adjacent to Southern Kyushu

Author:
Satoshi Suzuki; Mitsuharu Matsumoto
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 27-39
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Mustela; islands; multivariate analysis; skull; Japan
Abstract:
... Skull morphology of Mustela itatsi from two islands adjacent to Kyushu, Kamikoshikijima and Yakushima Isls., Kagoshima Prefecture were compared with populations from mainland Japan. Although size and shape variation of these island populations were within whole species range of variation, the size variation was less than that of some mainland populations. In contrast, canonical variate analysis sh ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0023

26. Infant Pelage Color Change and Infant Handling in Captive Black-and-White Colobus

Author:
Taiki Okumura; Kei Nemoto; Colin A. Chapman; Ikki Matsuda
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.4 pp. 347-352
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Colobus guereza; Japan; body weight; color; fur; monkeys; neonates; social behavior
Abstract:
... Colobine monkeys generally spend less time each day engaged in social interactions than other primates. However, a notable feature of their social interaction involves females exchanging infants (i.e., infant handling). Here, we report on the handling of an infant in relation to pelage color change in a group of black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza) housed in the Japan Monkey Centre. We found ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0081

27. Introduction and Expansion History of the Masked Palm Civet, Paguma Larvata, in Japan, Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Control Region and Cytochrome b Analysis

Author:
Yu Endo; Liang-Kong Lin; Koji Yamazaki; Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei; Shih-Wei Chang; Yen-Jean Chen; Keiji Ochiai; Shuuji Yachimori; Tomoko Anezaki; Yayoi Kaneko; Ryuichi Masuda
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Paguma larvata; cytochrome b; haplotypes; introduced species; mammals; mitochondrial DNA; phylogeny; Taiwan
Abstract:
... The masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) in Japan is considered as an alien species; however, the details on introduction routes to Japan and the expansion history are still unclear. In the present study, to further solve these questions, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA control region (523 base-pairs) of 226 individuals from Japan and Taiwan, and identified 13 haplotypes, which are phylogeneticall ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0016

28. Mitochondrial DNA Analyses of Invasive Raccoons (Procyon lotor) in the Boso Peninsula, Japan

Author:
Kazuya Yoshida; Miki Hirose; Masami Hasegawa; Eiji Inoue
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 71-76
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Procyon lotor; ecological invasion; females; genetic analysis; genetic background; genetic markers; genetic variation; haplotypes; invasive species; landscapes; mammals; mitochondria; mitochondrial DNA; single nucleotide polymorphism; Central America; Japan
Abstract:
... Ecological genetic analyses have recently been applied to the field of biological invasions to describe the genetic background of the invasive species. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) is a medium-sized mammal that is native to North and Central America and has been naturalized into several countries worldwide. In the Boso Peninsula, Japan, raccoons were estimated to have been introduced during the 199 ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0030

29. Notes on Forefoot Characteristics of the Ryukyu Long-Furred Rat, Diplothrix legata, for Its Arboreal Lifestyle

Author:
Masahiro A. Iwasa; Yukibumi Kaneko; Shin-ichiro Kawada
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.3 pp. 253-258
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Zinnia; branches; geographical variation; lifestyle; rats
Abstract:
... Forefoot characteristics of the Ryukyu long-furred rat, Diplothrix legata, in the Amami-oshima, Tokunoshima, and Okinawajima Islands of the southern part of Japan (the Nansei Archipelago), were analyzed morphologically considering its arboreal lifestyle. The presence of a nail on the pollex was confirmed and seemed to be regarded as an arboreal feature, based on the presence of nails in other arbo ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0076

30. Opportunistic Food Habits of the Raccoon Dog — A Case Study on Suwazaki Peninsula, Shikoku, Western Japan

Author:
Seiki Takatsuki; Masakazu Inaba; Kiyokazu Hashigoe; Hiromitsu Matsui
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.46 no.1 pp. 25-32
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Procyon lotor; autumn; case studies; diet; mammals; pericarp; pulp; spring; summer; temperate zones; trees; winter
Abstract:
... Despite of great variation of food habits of the raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) on the Japanese archipelago, information of the food habits of them in the warm temperate zone in southern Japan is limited. The food habits of them on Suwazaki Peninsula in western Shikoku Island, southwestern Japan, were studied using fecal analysis. The sampling period spanned May 2019 to April 2020. The po ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0061

31. Records of Sika Deer Cervus nippon from the Southern Kuril Islands in 1986–2019, with Special Reference to a Continuous Record of Living Deer on Kunashir Island Since 2017

Author:
Evgeniy E. Kozlovskiy; Aleksandr A. Kisleiko; Tomoko Fukuda; Kuniko Kawai; Alexei V. Abramov; Satoshi D. Ohdachi
Source:
Mammal study 2020 v.45 no.2 pp. 167-171
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Japan; mammals
Abstract:
... The sika deer (Cervus nippon) is native to eastern Asia and commonly occurs on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan. The nearby localities of the southern Kuril Islands, located east of Hokkaido, have not been regarded as part of the sika deer's regular range, despite isolated observations and trace evidence described before 2017. Here we consolidate the information of the sika deer in the southern Kur ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2020-0008

32. Aneuploid Chromosome Constitutions of the Small Japanese Field Mouse, Apodemus argenteus, in the Western Mountainous Area of Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan

Author:
Hikari Myoshu; Masahiro A. Iwasa
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.4 pp. 283-288
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Apodemus argenteus; B chromosomes; X chromosome; aneuploidy; females; fluorescence; karyotyping; mice; mountains; quinacrine; staining; Japan
Abstract:
... We studied an occurrence of chromosomal aneuploidy for ten individuals in the small Japanese field mouse, Apodemus argenteus, from the western mountainous area of Kanagawa Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. Eight of the individuals examined showed the standard 2n = 46 and FNa = 48 constitutions as the most frequent karyotype. However, of those eight individuals, seven carried an inter-cellular mosaicism w ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2019-0002

33. Contrasting Effect of Artificial Grasslands on the Intensity of Deer Browsing and Debarking in Forests

Author:
Kanoko Takarabe; Hayato Iijima
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.3 pp. 173-181
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; browsing; debarking; deer; environmental factors; foraging; forests; herbivores; keystone species; landscapes; meadows; pastures; probability; trees; understory; Japan
Abstract:
... Deer can strongly affect other species as a keystone species. The intensity of their herbivory impact on forest vegetation is suggested to be affected by not only deer density but also by other environmental factors such as landscape components. Especially, artificial grasslands such as pastures and meadows possibility affect deer impact on forest vegetation by altering deer foraging behavior. The ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0082

34. Dental Microwear Texture Analysis in Two Ruminants, Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), from Central Japan

Author:
Konoka Aiba; Shingo Miura; Mugino O. Kubo
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.3 pp. 183-192
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; browsing; deer; diet; foraging; graminoids; grazing; herbivores; interspecific variation; surface roughness; sympatry; texture; Japan
Abstract:
... Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) can be used to quantitatively evaluate tooth surface roughness and has been used to distinguish herbivorous ungulates according to interspecific dietary differences among grazers, browsers, and mixed feeders. Moreover, DMTA has been applied among local populations with intraspecific dietary variation. In general, the tooth surfaces of grazing species/popula ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0081

35. Dietary Overlap But Spatial Gap between Sympatric Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) on Eastern Shikoku, Japan

Author:
Asuka Yamashiro; Yoshinori Kaneshiro; Yoichi Kawaguchi; Tadashi Yamashiro
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.4 pp. 261-267
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; altitude; cameras; grasslands; habitats; sympatry; temperate zones; topographic slope; ungulates; Japan
Abstract:
... Spatial separation and dietary differences may allow the coexistence of similar sized ungulate species. Over the past two decades, populations of the sika deer (Cervus nippon) have increased markedly and overlapped with the habitats of the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus). Recently, the Japanese serow population has declined and shifted its habitat from higher to lower altitudes in Shikoku, Ja ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0072

36. Genetic Structure of the Ryukyu Wild Boar Population on Tokunoshima Island (Japan) Based on Modern and Ancient DNA Analyses: Evidence of Recent Gene Flow from Pigs to Wild Boars

Author:
Ryohei Takahashi; Ryo Gushiken; Ken Nagata; Akito Shinzato; Sachi Sri Kantha; Mirai Yasuda
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.3 pp. 157-171
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Sus scrofa; alleles; archaeology; gene flow; genetic similarity; genetic structure; haplotypes; mitochondrial DNA; pseudogenes; swine; wild boars; Japan
Abstract:
... We investigated the genetic structure among populations of the Ryukyu wild boar (Sus scrofa riukiuanus) on Tokunoshima Island by analyzing DNA from modern and archaeological samples. Four and two mtDNA haplotypes were found in the modern and archaeological samples, respectively. One haplotype was shared between the modern and archaeological samples. Of the seven haplotypes, four were only found on ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0046

37. How Does the Japanese Water Shrew Chimarrogale platycephalus Cross the Concrete Walls of Check Dams?

Author:
Hiroaki Saito; Hiroshi Hashimoto; Teruaki Hino; Masaharu Motokawa
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 1-11
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
concrete; dams (hydrology); rivers; sediments; shrews; streams; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... The concrete walls of check dams are considered a physical barrier for aquatic and semiaquatic animals that inhabit mountain streams. Traveling behaviors around concrete check dams by the Japanese water shrew Chimarrogale platycephalus, a semi-aquatic mammal, were directly observed via radio-tracking in Kamikoshi Stream in central Honshu, Japan. Traveling behaviors were mainly observed on the wet ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0056

38. Non-Invasive Age Estimation by Cranial Suture Closure in Japanese Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Author:
Jinwoo Oh; Masato Minami; Suzuna Ikeda; Seiki Takatsuki; Nobumasa Oonishi; Naoko Higuchi; Ayumi Okada; Junpei Kimura; Daisuke Koyabu
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.3 pp. 147-155
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; age determination; Japan
Abstract:
... Although counting cementum annuli of lower incisor is a reliable method for age estimation in cervids, it inevitably involves the destruction of specimens. Here we studied the relationship between cranial suture closure patterns and age to test the possibility of cranial suture closure as a non-destructive age indicator in sika deer (Cervus nippon) specimens from Kinkazan Island, Japan, for which ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0065

39. Population Genetic Study of the Lesser Japanese Mole Mogera imaizumii using Novel Microsatellite Markers with Special Reference to Sex-Biased Dispersal

Author:
Shin S. Satoh; Chie Murata; Kenji Yoshida; Kiyotaka Shibata; Hidetoshi B. Tamate
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.2 pp. 91-97
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
females; genetic analysis; genetic markers; genetic relationships; genetic variation; inbreeding; males; moles; population structure; radio telemetry; Japan
Abstract:
... Sex-biased dispersal (SBD) is usually accounted for by the consequences of resource competition, inbreeding avoidance, and breeding competition. Although SBD has been reported in many mammalian species, little is known about it in subterranean species, like moles, whose dispersal from a natal place cannot be easily studied using conventional methods such as direct observations and radio-telemetry. ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0031

40. Rediscovery of Otters on the Tsushima Islands, Japan by Trail Cameras

Author:
Nozomi Nakanishi; Masako Izawa
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.3 pp. 215-220
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus; cameras; habitats; islands; sago; Japan; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Otters are thought to be extinct in Japan, although they were widely distributed there until the early 20th century. Records of otters on Tsushima Islands, located between Kyushu and the Korean Peninsula, were found only in two sources from about 1735 and 1809, and there has been no evidence of their existence since the middle of 19th century until now. We set infrared trail cameras to monitor the ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0043

41. Seed Feeding Behavior of Diplothrix legata (Muridae: Rodentia): Effects on Germination of Five Plants in Okinawajima Island, Japan

Author:
Reina Nago; Shun Kobayashi; Teruo Kinjo; Kozue Ogimi; Akari Sinjo; Shinobu Namisato; Anna Futamatagawa; Genwa Higa; Masako Izawa
Source:
Mammal study 2019 v.44 no.2 pp. 129-134
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Actinidia; Ficus erecta; Melastoma candidum; Muridae; Prunus campanulata; Zinnia; excretion; feces; feeding behavior; fruits; germination; granivores; rats; raw fruit; seeds; Japan
Abstract:
... This study examined how seed feeding by the Ryukyu long-furred rat Diplothrix legata affects germination of five plants (Cerasus campanulata, Actinidia rufa, Ficus erecta, Oreocnide pedunculata, and Melastoma candidum) in Okinawajima Island, Japan. The germination rates of seeds from fresh fruit and fecal pellets of two captive rats, as well as the feeding behaviors, were observed. Most of C. camp ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0049

42. Comparison of Visitors and Pollinators of Mucuna macrocarpa between Urban and Forest Environments

Author:
Shun Kobayashi; Tetsuo Denda; Chi-Cheng Liao; Yu-Hsiu Lin; Wei-Ting Liu; Masako Izawa
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 219-228
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Callosciurus; Mucuna macrocarpa; Pteropus; biodiversity; cross pollination; flowers; forests; habitats; nectar robbing; pollinators; squirrels; urban areas; urbanization; Japan; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Mammal-plant interactions differ significantly between urban and natural environments; however, knowledge of mammal-pollinated plants in urban areas remains limited compared to plants in their natural habitats. Here, we compared the flower visitors of Mucuna macrocarpa between urban and forested areas in Okinawa-jima Island, Japan and in Taiwan. Mucuna macrocarpa requires a highly specialized poll ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0029

43. Feeding Habits of Asian Black Bears (Ursus thibetanus) in Relation to the Abundance and Timing of Fruiting in 13 Tree Species

Author:
Ami Nakajima; Shinsuke Koike; Koji Yamazaki; Chinatsu Kozakai; Yui Nemoto; Takashi Masaki; Koichi Kaji
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 167-178
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Quercus mongolica; Ursus thibetanus; autumn; foods; forage; fruits; mountains; summer; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... We examined the relationship between the feeding habits of Asian black bears (Ursusthibetanus) and fruit availability during summer and autumn from 2008 to 2011 in the Ashio-Nikko Mountains, Japan. Our main questions were as follows: 1) How does the availability of multiple fruit species influence the feeding habits during summer and autumn? and 2) When do bears begin to forage on hard mast in rel ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0032

44. Hybridization between Native and Introduced Individuals of Sika Deer in the Central Part of Toyama Prefecture

Author:
Saifun Nahaer Eva; Yuji Yamazaki
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 269-274
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Cervus nippon; ecosystems; gene pool; genetic markers; indigenous species; introduced species; introgression; invasive species; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; Japan
Abstract:
... In recent decades, invasive animals have disturbed the native ecosystem, via intraspecific and interspecific genetic hybridization. Previously, maternally-inherited mitochondrial DNA analysis detected two genetically distinct lineages of the sika deer (Cervus nippon) in the Japanese Archipelago and revealed the coexistence of both lineages mainly in the central part of Toyama Prefecture in Japan. ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0006

45. Interspecific Burrow Sharing between Mammals in Countryside in Japan

Author:
Akira Kondo
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 213-218
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Japan; Meles; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Procyon lotor; Vulpes vulpes; burrows; cameras; carnivores; temporal variation
Abstract:
... In Japan, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) have been observed using burrows made by Japanese badgers (Meles anakuma). However, basic information, including how and when the species share the burrows, is scarce. In this study, a camera trap was set at a burrow entrance used by badgers, and different mammals that used the burrow were investigated. Burrow uses by ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0062

46. Low genetic diversity in an isolated red fox (Vulpes vulpes) population on Mt. Hakodate, Japan, revealed by microsatellite analyses of fecal samples

Author:
Yosuke Amaike; Takahiro Murakami; Ryuichi Masuda
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 141-152
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Vulpes vulpes; adults; feces; foxes; gene flow; genetic variation; genotyping; microsatellite repeats; population size; urban areas; Japan
Abstract:
... Mt. Hakodate, Hokkaido, is a small mountain geographically isolated by the sea and urban area, and some red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) live there. In consideration of the specific geographical environment, we made a hypothesis that the fox population on Mt. Hakodate is small in size and isolated, and consequently its genetic variation is low, and then tested it. To investigate the genetic variation, we ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0055

47. Phylogeography of the Japanese White-Toothed Shrew (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae): A Clear Division of Haplogroups between Eastern and Western Japan and their Recent Introduction to Some Regions

Author:
Satoshi D. Ohdachi; Kazunori Yoshizawa; Yasushi Takada; Masaharu Motokawa; Masahiro A. Iwasa; Satoru Arai; Junji Moribe; Yasushi Uematsu; Eiichi Sakai; Takashi Tateishi; Hong-Shik Oh; Gohta Kinoshita
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 245-259
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Crocidura; DNA; cytochrome b; genes; heterozygosity; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; mutation; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; phylogeography; shrews; Japan; South Korea
Abstract:
... The Japanese white-toothed shrew (Crocidura dsinezumi) is a species endemic to Japan. For this species, only minimal phylogeographic investigations have been conducted. We obtained DNA sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b and control region and nuclear ApoB genes for 191 individuals of C. dsinezumi from 107 locations collected throughout its known range. In the phylogenetic trees based on mitoc ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2017-0059

48. Reproductive Histories of Asian Black Bears Can be Determined by Cementum Annuli Width

Author:
Kahoko Tochigi; Hiroo Tamatani; Chinatsu Kozakai; Akino Inagaki; Tomoko Naganuma; Hiroaki Myojo; Koji Yamazaki; Shinsuke Koike
Source:
Mammal study 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 261-268
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Ursus thibetanus; adults; females; food availability; lactation; life history; parturition; progeny; reproductive success; yearlings; Japan
Abstract:
... Very little is known about the cementum annuli of Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus). We collected the first premolar tooth from adult female bears in central Japan to investigate whether reproductive history was reflected in cementum annuli width; previous studies have indicated that this is possible in other bear species. We calculated the proportional width index (PWI) value as an index of an ...
DOI:
10.3106/ms2018-0016

49. Alliance Formation of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) off Amakusa, Western Kyushu, Japan

Author:
Miki Nishita; Miki Shirakihara; Naoko Iwasa; Masao Amano
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 125-130
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Tursiops aduncus; coasts; data collection; dolphins; females; males; philopatry; Japan
Abstract:
... Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) off Amakusa-Shimoshima, approximately 200 individuals, form relatively large groups frequently exceeding 100 individuals and show high site fidelity to the area around Tsuji Island, northern coast of Amakusa-Shimoshima. This suggests that individual dolphins may have long interaction times with many other individuals. Consequently, competition be ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0302

50. Bark-feeding damage of sugi and hinoki cypress caused by sika deer, Cervus nippon: Does the sika deer prefer bark of hinoki cypress to sugi?

Author:
Akira Sano
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.2 pp. 105-110
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Chamaecyparis obtusa; Cryptomeria japonica; bark; debarking; plantations; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... Occurrence of bark-feeding damage by sika deer (Cervus nippon) was examined at 26 mixed plantations comprised of both sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) and hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) in Mie Prefecture, central Japan. There was no significant difference in damage ratios with the tree species in plantations with only slight damage. In plantations with a damage ratio over 5% in either tree speci ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0205

51. Ciliate Protozoa from the Rumens of Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus) Captured in the Northern Part of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan

Author:
Yuki Kimura; Riyou Tsujino; Harumi Torii
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 65-69
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Dasytricha ruminantium; Entodinium; Epidinium; Protozoa; fauna; rumen; ruminants; Japan
Abstract:
... Ciliate fauna collected from the rumens of eight wild Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) captured in the northern part of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, were compared with the ciliate faunas found in other Japanese wild ruminants. We identified six species belonging to two genera of ciliates (Entodinium nanellum, Ent. minimum, Ent. simplex, Ent. dubardi, Ent. longinucleatum, and Elytroplastron bub ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0101

52. Comparison of the Food Habits of the Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), the Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus), and the Wild Boar (Sus scrofa), Sympatric Herbivorous Mammals from Mt. Asama, Central Japan

Author:
Yoshitomo Endo; Hayato Takada; Seiki Takatsuki
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 131-140
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; Magnoliopsida; Sus scrofa; bamboos; boars; deer; dung beetles; eating habits; feces composition; graminoids; herbivores; leaves; particle size; summer; sympatry; wild boars; Japan
Abstract:
... Using fecal analyses, we examined the food habits of three large herbivorous mammals, the sika deer (Cervus nippon), the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus), and the wild boar (Sus scrofa) on Mt. Asama, central Japan. Ten fecal samples were collected in all four seasons during 2012–2013, although boar feces were not available in summer because of high-level dung beetle activity. The proportions o ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0303

53. Estimation of Population Density for Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Using Distance Sampling in the Forested Habitats of Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Hiroyuki Uno; Mayumi Ueno; Yoshihiro Inatomi; Yuichi Osa; Nobuhiro Akashi; Akira Unno; Kazuhiro Minamino
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 57-64
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Cervus nippon; deer; forest habitats; forestry; herds; population density; population size; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... Sika deer (Cervus nippon) populations in Hokkaido have irrupted during the last three decades, causing severe damage to agriculture and forestry. Methods have been developed to estimate their population size on large but not on small scales. We estimated deer density using distance sampling to analyze the feasibility of employing the line-transect method in forested habitats on a management-distri ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0107

54. Masked Palm Civet Paguma larvata Summer Diet Differs between Sexes in a Suburban Area of Central Japan

Author:
Masakazu Iwama; Koji Yamazaki; Miho Matsuyama; Yoshinobu Hoshino; Masumi Hisano; Chris Newman; Yayoi Kaneko
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 185-190
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Paguma larvata; amphibians; cherries; diet; earthworms; eating habits; females; food security; foods; fruits; gender differences; highways; ingestion; insects; males; mammals; persimmons; progeny; stomach; strawberries; suburban areas; summer; Japan
Abstract:
... We studied the summer (June–August) diet of the masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) in a suburban area of Ibaraki Prefecture, using the stomach contents from road-killed carcasses. Specifically, our aim was to examine (i) monthly changes and (ii) if food habits differed between sexes, based on frequency of occurrence (FO) of the main food classes consumed. From 2009 to 2014, 61 civet carcasses were ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0301

55. Seasonal and Spatial Occurrence of Northern Fur Seals Callorhinus ursinus Around Northern Japan

Author:
Takanori Horimoto; Yoko Mitani; Mari Kobayashi; Kaoru Hattori; Yasunori Sakurai
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 51-56
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Callorhinus ursinus; adults; breeding; coasts; females; habitat preferences; islands; juveniles; males; seals; Japan; Pacific Ocean; Russia; Sea of Japan
Abstract:
... Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) disperse to broad areas and overwinter in the North Pacific Ocean during the non-breeding season. Fur seals breeding on islands off Russia mainly overwinter in the Sea of Japan and the off Pacific side of Japan in this season. Although the distribution of fur seals seems to vary with sexes and growth stages in this season, there is little information around ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0106

56. The Future of Urban Brown Bear Management in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan: a Review

Author:
Yoshikazu Sato
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.1 pp. 17-30
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Ursus arctos; biodiversity conservation; carnivores; high energy foods; human-wildlife relations; humans; issues and policy; landscapes; models; mortality; population growth; stakeholders; urban areas; wildlife management; Japan
Abstract:
... Recently, brown bears have moved deeper inside urban areas in Sapporo, the fifth-largest city with a population of 1.9 million in Japan. Here, I review urban large carnivore management and its human dimension and discuss how to create a model of harmonious coexistence that includes both management of human—brown bear conflict (HBC) and conservation of the lush, green environment of Sapporo. Althou ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0102

57. Three Cases of Anomalously White Risso's Dolphins Grampus griseus in Japan

Author:
Noriko Funasaka; Tetsuo Kirihata; Masayuki Hosono; Hidehiro Kato; Seiji Ohsumi
Source:
Mammal study 2017 v.42 no.3 pp. 173-178
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
captive animals; color; dolphins; eyes; head; males; mucosa; pigmentation; throat; Japan
Abstract:
... Three male anomalously white Risso's dolphins Grampus griseus were observed in the waters off Taiji, Wakayama, Japan. One (GG-1) was captured alive in 2007, and the other two (GG-2 and GG-3) were captured in 2014. The color pattern of GG-1 is approximately divided into two parts; the middle of the trunk and the lower part of the dorsal fin are white, whereas the anterior and caudal portions have d ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.042.0307

58. Activity of Male Internal Genitalia and Breeding Season in the Lesser Japanese Mole, Mogera imaizumii, Inferred from Morphometric and Histological Analyses

Author:
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.1 pp. 25-30
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
breeding; breeding season; epididymis; genitalia; males; moles; morphometry; seminiferous tubules; spermatids; spermatocytes; spermatogonia; spring; summer; winter; Japan
Abstract:
... We researched seasonal reproductive activity in the lesser Japanese mole, Mogera imaizumii, by morphometrical and histological methods for male internal genitalia using samples from Kanagawa Pref., central Honshu, Japan. On the basis of the weights of testis and the epididymis, we determined that their weights become higher during February–April. On the other hand, the histological profiles of sem ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0105

59. Fission and Reorganization of Maternity Colonies by Human Disturbance in the Greater Horseshoe Bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

Author:
Akira Sano
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.4 pp. 239-243
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum; anthropogenic activities; Japan
Abstract:
... The greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, is a large cave-dwelling bat and is commonest among cave-dwelling bat species in Japan. Cave-dwelling bats are very sensitive during the maternity season, and disturbance to maternity colonies often results in a serious impact on regional populations. However, a casual observation revealed R. ferrumequinum overcame serious accidental human dist ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0409

60. Genetic and morphological characterizations of house mice on the Miura Peninsula, central Honshu, Japan

Author:
Masahiro A. Iwasa; Mai Udagawa
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.4 pp. 223-228
ISSN:
1348-6160
Subject:
Mus musculus; body length; cytochrome b; genes; head; islands; mice; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; tail; Eurasia; Europe; Japan; Northern European region
Abstract:
... On the Miura Peninsula of central Honshu, Japan, there are international ports that, it is concerned, provide opportunities for the introduction of house mice via overseas cargoes. To evaluate the occurrence of such an introduction of overseas mice, in this study, we analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene and the morphological characteristics of house mouse (Mus musculus) samples (n = 47) ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0407

61. The Occurrence and Individual Identification Study of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins Tursiops aduncus in the Waters Around Amami Oshima Island, Southern Japan: A preliminary Report

Author:
Funasaka Noriko; Okabe Haruna; Oki Katsuki; Tokutake Kouji; Kawazu Isao; Yoshioka Motoi
Source:
Mammal study 2016 v.41 no.3 pp. 163-169
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Tursiops aduncus; coasts; dolphins; group size; photographs; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... Surveys for the occurrence, distribution, and individual identification of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus were conducted around Amami Oshima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan from 2007 to 2013. The dolphins were primarily distributed in the areas where the survey effort was concentrated, particularly in Oshima Strait and on the western coast of the Island. In total, 33 groups ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.041.0307

62. Geographical Variation in Skull Morphology in the Hokkaido Population of the Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes

Author:
Amaike Yosuke; Oishi Takuya; Uraguchi Kohji; Abramov Alexei V.; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.4 pp. 245-256
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Vulpes vulpes; analysis of variance; body size; climatic factors; eating habits; females; geographical variation; males; muscles; principal component analysis; skull; snow; temperature; Japan
Abstract:
... To investigate the morphological variation in an island population of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), we measured 25 cranial and 24 dental characters for 225 specimens (137 males and 88 females) from Hokkaido Island, Japan. A Bayesian principal component analysis found only small differences among three groups identified genetically in previous studies. Concretely, analyses of variance and post-hoc t ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0405

63. Integrating Analyses of Population Genetics and Space-Time Information for Wildlife Management: An Empirical Study on Japanese Wild Boar Populations

Author:
Murase Kaori; Horie Reiko; Saito Masae; Koganezawa Masaaki; Sato Toshiyuki; Kaji Koichi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.2 pp. 61-78
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Sus scrofa; adults; bioinformatics; boars; crossing; habitat preferences; habitats; hunters; linear models; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; mutation; population genetics; questionnaires; risk; surveys; wild boars; wildlife management; Japan
Abstract:
... This study is a “model study” of how to apply the findings of molecular ecological studies to wildlife management, aimed at showing the importance of analyses integrating population genetics, space-time information and bioinformatics methods. We chose the Japanese wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax) in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, because its captured area has been spreading in recent years. We used ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0202

64. Latitudinal Geographical Variation of External and Cranial Measurements in Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco, and A. latronum

Author:
Kaneko Yukibumi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.3 pp. 143-165
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Apodemus; feet; geographical variation; head; islands; latitude; rivers; sexual maturity; skull; tail; China; Japan; Myanmar; Siberia
Abstract:
... Averages of external and cranial measurements were correlated with latitudes in Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco, and A. latronum in East Asia and Siberia. A total of 852 sexually mature specimens of 24–44 local populations were grouped into 5–11 regions by countries, provinces of China, running directions of big rivers in south-western China and Myanmar, or islands. In A. peninsulae, significant pos ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0303

65. Population Genetic Structure of the Asian Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) within and Across Management Units in Northern Japan

Author:
Uno Reina; Doko Tomoko; Ohnishi Naoki; Tamate Hidetoshi B.
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.4 pp. 231-244
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Ursus thibetanus; founder effect; genetic variation; geographical distribution; habitats; haplotypes; land use; landscapes; loci; microsatellite repeats; mitochondrial DNA; models; prediction; Japan
Abstract:
... We examined the population genetic structure of the Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in a large continuous habitat in northern Japan. To determine how population subdivision relates to management units (MUs) proposed by the Ministry of the Environment, genetic variation in the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA-CR) and seven autosomal microsatellite loci was assessed in bears captured in s ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0404

66. Seasonal Variation of Activity Pattern in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) as Assessed by Camera Trap Survey

Author:
Ikeda Takashi; Takahashi Hiroshi; Yoshida Tsuyoshi; Igota Hiromasa; Matsuura Yukiko; Takeshita Kazutaka; Kaji Koichi
Source:
Mammal study 2015 v.40 no.4 pp. 199-205
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; cameras; deer; diurnal activity; lakes; nocturnal activity; seasonal variation; surveys; weather; wild boars; Japan
Abstract:
... Ungulate populations such as deer and wild boars have been expanding in range and increasing in number throughout many areas of the world. Regulation of these overabundant populations is urgently needed. For an effective culling program addressing these overabundant populations, it is essential to have information on the activity pattern of animals. To determine the factors affecting seasonality o ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.040.0401

67. Effectiveness of Noninvasive DNA Analysis to Reveal Isolated-Forest Use by the Sable Martes zibellina on Eastern Hokkaido, Japan

Author:
Nagai Tomoko; Murakami Takahiro; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 99-104
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
DNA; Martes; females; forests; genetic markers; home range; males; monitoring; urine; wintering grounds; Japan
Abstract:
... In order to assess importance of isolated forests as the wintering habitat of the sable (Martes zibellina) in eastern Hokkaido, Japan, we performed DNA analyses on 59 samples noninvasively collected in field (54 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples). Consequently, 46 (41 fecal, 3 urine and 2 hair samples) of the 59 samples were recognized to have dropped from the sable. In addition, we successfully i ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0205

68. Factors Affecting the Distribution of the Japanese Weasel Mustela itatsi and the Siberian Weasel M. sibirica in Japan

Author:
Sasaki Hiroshi; Ohta Kyoko; Aoi Toshiki; Watanabe Shigeki; Hosoda Tetsuji; Suzuki Hitoshi; Abe Mikiko; Koyasu Kazuhiro; Kobayashi Syuji; Oda Sen-ichi
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.3 pp. 133-139
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Mustela sibirica; grasslands; habitats; mountains; paddies; plantations; trapping; villages; yearlings; Japan
Abstract:
... The vertical distribution of introduced Siberian weasels Mustela sibirica and endemic Japanese weasels M. itatsi in the Seburi Mountains in Kyushu, Japan, was examined from October 1996 to February 1998. Siberian weasels occurred near villages with paddy and cultivated fields, whereas Japanese weasels occurred in grasslands and plantations. The dispersion of yearlings destabilized the distribution ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0302

69. Indirect Effects of Sika Deer on Japanese Badgers

Author:
Seki Yoshikazu; Okuda Kei; Koganezawa Masaaki
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.4 pp. 201-208
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; Nyctereutes procyonoides; badgers; carnivores; deer; diet; earthworms; feces; foraging; grazing intensity; habitats; insects; omnivores; population density; statistical analysis; Japan
Abstract:
... Recently, the range of the deer has expanded worldwide, with dramatic increases in abundance; yet relatively little is known about how these increases influence other mammals at high trophic levels. A recent study showed that high deer density exerts cascading effects on raccoon dogs, omnivorous carnivores, because of any increase in their prey abundance in Oku-Nikko, Japan. Here, we examined the ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0403

70. Indirect estimation of Recent Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Migration in Tsurugi Quasi-National Park, Shikoku, Japan

Author:
Yamashiro Asuka; Yamashiro Tadashi; Mori Kazuo; Kamada Mahito
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 83-89
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; deer; feces; hills; information management; microsatellite repeats; mountains; national parks; Japan
Abstract:
... To provide information for the management of sika deer in Tsurugi Quasi-National Park, Shikoku, Japan, we analyzed population genetic structure and migration patterns in the national park and surrounding areas based on from six to seven microsatellite loci using tissue and fecal samples. Bayesian clustering divided the deer into two populations, the Tokushima population and the Kochi population. T ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0203

71. Influence of Trap Environment on the Effectiveness of an Acoustic Lure for Capturing Vespertilionid Bats in two Temperate Forest Zones in Japan

Author:
Hill David A.; Fukui Dai; Agetsuma Naoki; Macintosh Andrew J. J.
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.4 pp. 229-236
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Chiroptera; acoustics; canopy gaps; deciduous forests; edge effects; forage; foraging; rain forests; surveys; temperate forests; traps; ultrasonics; understory; Japan
Abstract:
... Bats that typically forage in the forest understorey can be difficult to capture using mist nets or harp traps alone. We assessed the effectiveness of an ultrasonic lure for increasing capture rates of vespertilionid bats in two forest zones in Japan. One sequence of stimuli was modelled on social calls of four species that typically forage in narrow-space; the other on those of four species that ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0406

72. Influence of Tree Resources on Nest Box Use by the Japanese Dormouse Glirulus japonicus

Author:
Nakamura-Kojo Yumena; Kojo Nobuaki; Ootsuka Toshiyuki; Minami Masato; Tamate Hidetoshi B.
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.1 pp. 17-26
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Gliridae; correlation; forests; linear models; microhabitats; nest boxes; nesting; trees; Japan
Abstract:
... To investigate the factors that influence resting site preference of the Japanese dormouse Glirulus japonicus, we determined the effect of tree resources in a microhabitat on the use of nest boxes as daytime resting sites. The study area, which was in Mt. Nagakura National Forest in central Japan, was divided into 200 plots. In each plot, a nest box specially designed to harbor dormice was attache ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0104

73. Shape variation in the Skull Within and Between Wild Populations of the Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Japan

Author:
Asahara Masakazu
Source:
Mammal study 2014 v.39 no.2 pp. 105-113
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Nyctereutes procyonoides; climatic factors; evolution; interspecific variation; morphometry; skull; snow; Japan
Abstract:
... Patterns of evolution can be biased by patterns of variability (propensity to vary). However, the effects of variability on evolution at the geographic and inter-subspecies levels have not been investigated extensively. Variation between different populations is the result of evolution. Individual variation within a single population can be indicative of species variability. Therefore, comparing p ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.039.0206

74. A Comparative Study of the Fecal Characters of Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus) and Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Author:
Yamashiro Asuka; Kamada Mahito; Yamashiro Tadashi
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 117-122
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Capricornis; Cervus nippon; DNA; defecation; discriminant analysis; feces; pellets; species identification; surveys; ungulates; Japan
Abstract:
... The fecal pellets and fecal pellet group characters of two ungulates, the Japanese serow and sika deer, were compared in Tokushima, Japan, where the species occur sympatrically. Species identification based on 82 fecal DNA samples revealed that 28 and 54 fecal pellet groups were from Japanese serow and sika deer, respectively. The mean values of three fecal pellet groups characters, the maximum di ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0207

75. Environmental Factors for the Occurrence of the Smith's Red-Backed Vole, Eothenomys smithii, in Rocky Terrains at the Foot of Mt. Fuji in Central Japan

Author:
Tabata Mayuh; Iwasa Masahiro A.
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 pp. 243-250
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Bryopsida; Eothenomys; environmental factors; forests; mountains; principal component analysis; regression analysis; trapping; traps; valleys; voles; Japan
Abstract:
... The relationship between environmental factors and the occurrence of the Smith's redbacked vole, Eothenomys smithii, was analyzed first by principle component analysis (PCA) to select factors and suitability of fit between capturing results of the voles, and subsequently by multiple regression analysis (MRA) to identify significant environmental factors affecting the occurrence of the vole. Six re ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0408

76. Home Range, Habitat Selection, and Activity of Male Asian House Shrews, Suncus murinus, on Okinawa-Jima Island

Author:
Nakamoto Atsushi; Nakanishi Nozomi
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.3 pp. 147-153
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Suncus murinus; captive animals; floors; foraging; grasslands; habitats; home range; laboratory animals; males; nocturnal activity; radio telemetry; residential areas; shrews; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... The Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus) is a commensal species whose has become widespread across the Old World due to human activities. This species has been well studied in captivity as a laboratory animal; however, in the wild, its ecological habits are not well investigated. We conducted radio-telemetry surveys to determine home range, habitat selection, and activity patterns of the Asian house ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0303

77. Multiple Origins of the Japanese Marten Martes melampus Introduced Into Hokkaido Island, Japan, Revealed by Microsatellite Analysis

Author:
Kamada Shouko; Murakami Takahiro; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 pp. 261-267
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Martes; alleles; farms; fur; genetic distance; genetic polymorphism; genetic variation; heterozygosity; introduced species; loci; microsatellite repeats; random mating; Japan
Abstract:
... The Japanese marten Martes melampus occurring on Hokkaido Island, Japan, is a domestic alien species, artificially introduced from their native distributional range. To reveal the genetic variation within the Hokkaido marten population and their relationships with native populations, we genotyped 14 individuals from Hokkaido using 10 microsatellite loci, and compared the genotype data with those o ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0410

78. Relative Skull Growth of the Sperm Whale, Physeter macrocephalus, with a Note of Sexual Dimorphism

Author:
Nakamura Gen; Zenitani Ryoko; Kato Hidehiro
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.3 pp. 177-186
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Physeter macrocephalus; body length; breeding; coasts; females; gender differences; lifestyle; males; sexual dimorphism; skull; Japan
Abstract:
... By using skulls of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), we analyzed the relative growth of skull length in relation to that of body length. We also analyzed the growth of various parts of the skull in relation to skull length. We used data of 3 males and 1 female collected off the coast of Japan and those of 4 males reported previously. In males, the proportion of skull length to body length inc ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0306

79. Sound Playback Surveys to Reveal the Distribution of Invasive Alien Pallas's Squirrels, Callosciurus erythraeus

Author:
Tamura Noriko; Kasahi Tatsuya; Kaneda Masato; Mitarai Nozomu; Shigeta Mayumi; Shigeta Yusuke; Yamasaki Fumiaki; Morisaki Masateru; Tsuda Tomoka; Ono Susumu; Hasegawa Nami; Waguri Makoto
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 97-103
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Callosciurus; acoustics; antipredatory behavior; control methods; invasive species; monitoring; predators; squirrels; surveys; Japan
Abstract:
... The Pallas's squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus) is one of the invasive alien species in Japan. Although control measures for this species have been attempted for a long time, the eradication has not succeeded and the populations continue to increase. To initiate control of the invasive alien squirrels as soon as possible, we have to detect their existence at low density stage soon after colonizati ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0205

80. Summer Food Habits of the Asiatic Black Bears in Moor of Oze Area, Central Japan

Author:
Hashimoto Yukihiko; Anrui Tomohito
Source:
Mammal study 2013 v.38 pp. 235-241
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Symplocarpus foetidus; Ursus thibetanus; eating habits; feces; foods; foraging; habitats; heathlands; national parks; nutrient content; nutrition; summer; Japan
Abstract:
... We investigated the food habits of Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in Oze National Park, Japan, and analyzed the abundance and nutritional content of skunk cabbage (Lysichiton camtschatcense) to evaluate the quality of moorland habitat for foraging bears. Analysis of 141 scats collected from August 2005 to September 2009 revealed that spadices of skunk cabbage were important food items in s ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.038.0407

81. Genetic Characterization of Northernmost Isolated Population of Asian Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Japan

Author:
Yamamoto Toshiaki; Oka Teruki; Ohnishi Naoki; Tanaka Hirohisa; Takatsuto Nozomi; Okumura Yuri
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 85-91
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Ursus thibetanus; microsatellite repeats; endangered species; mitochondrial DNA; gene flow; habitat fragmentation; genetic variation; genetic markers; Japan
Abstract:
... The Asian black bear inhabiting the Shimokita Peninsula, the northernmost part of Honshu, Japan, is categorized as one of the endangered local populations (LPs) in the list of threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. The Shimokita population has become geographically isolated and fragmented due to recent human activity. In this study, we conducted DNA sampling between 2005–2007 of two ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0209

82. Genetic Variation and Population Structure of the Sable Martes zibellina on Eastern Hokkaido, Japan, Revealed by Microsatellite Analysis

Author:
Nagai Tomoko; Murakami Takahiro; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.4 pp. 323-330
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Martes; genetic variation; genotype; lakes; microsatellite repeats; mountains; population structure; rivers; Japan; Russia
Abstract:
... To assess the genetic variation and population structure of the sable Martes zibellina on eastern Hokkaido, Japan, we analyzed genotypes of 12 microsatellite loci on 48 individuals. Genotypes for all individuals examined were found to be different from each other. Mean observed and expected heterozygosites and allelic richness were calculated to be 0.52 (0.02–0.80), 0.58 (0.02– 0.79) and 5.49, res ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0406

83. Horizontal and Elevational Distributions of Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco and A. latronum

Author:
Kaneko Yukibumi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.33 pp. 183-204
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Apodemus; coniferous forests; latitude; mice; China; India; Japan; Korean Peninsula; Mongolia; Myanmar; Russia; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Horizontal and elevational distributions of Apodemus peninsulae, A. draco and A. latronum are illustrated. A total of 1,355 museum specimens were identified by their cranial measurements and the size of t7 cusp on the first upper molar in 180 localities of Russia, Mongolia, China, Taiwan, Korea, Myanmar, India and Japan. Apodemus peninsulae belonged to “the northern pattern”, A. draco to “the sout ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0303

84. Insectivory by Five Sympatric Carnivores in Cool-Temperate Deciduous Forests

Author:
Koike Shinsuke; Morimoto Hideto; Goto Yusuke; Kozakai Chinatsu; Yamazaki Koji
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 73-83
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Carabidae; Formicidae; Martes; Meles meles; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Ursus thibetanus; Vulpes vulpes; badgers; deciduous forests; feces; feeding methods; forest insects; foxes; grasslands; habitat preferences; insectivores; microhabitats; Japan
Abstract:
... We studied insectivory by five carnivores—the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus), Japanese marten (Martes melampus), Japanese badger (Meles meles), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)—in a cool-temperate deciduous forest in Japan. From May 2003 to April 2005, we assayed 373 fecal samples (91 from bear, 158 from marten, 43 from badger, 36 from fox, and 45 from rac ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0208

85. Intraspecific Phylogeny and Nucleotide Diversity of the Least Shrews, the Sorex minutissimus-S. yukonicus Complex, Based on Nucleotide Sequences of the Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene and the Control Region

Author:
Ohdachi Satoshi D.; Yoshizawa Kazunori; Hanski Ilkka; Kawai Kuniko; Dokuchaev Nikolai E.; Sheftel Boris I.; Abramov Alexei V.; Moroldoev Igor; Kawahara Atsushi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.4 pp. 281-297
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Sorex; biogeography; cytochrome b; genes; genetic variation; monophyly; nucleotide sequences; refuge habitats; shrews; Alaska; Eurasia; Finland; Japan; Norway; Scandinavia; Siberia
Abstract:
... Phylogenetic analysis was conducted for various populations of the Sorex minutissimus-S. yukonicus complex based on mitochondrial gene (cytochrome b and/or the control region) sequences. Sorex minutissimus was divided into some monophyletic groups in Eurasia; it was divided into 2 main groups, eastern and western Eurasian clades, based on combined data of the cytochrome b and the control region. M ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0403

86. Mesowear Analysis of the Japanese Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) in Different Food Habits: Its Limitations and Applicability

Author:
Yamada Eisuke
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 93-103
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; diet; eating habits; habitats; islands; paleoecology; statistical analysis; teeth; ungulates; Japan
Abstract:
... Mesowear analysis, one of the methods for reconstructing diets based on facet development on the occlusal surface of cheek teeth, has been applied mainly in extinct ungulates. To test how mesowear variables differ in same species from different habitats, this study investigated sika deer (Cervus nippon) from four localities (Urahoro, Nikko, Tsushima Islands, and Yakushima Island) in Japan. Data on ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0210

87. Morphological Variation in External Traits of the Large Japanese Field Mouse, Apodemus speciosus

Author:
Shintaku Yuta; Kageyama Mariko; Motokawa Masaharu
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 113-126
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Apodemus speciosus; alleles; body length; feet; habitat preferences; head; islands; mice; tail; Japan
Abstract:
... We analyzed morphological variation in external traits of Apodemus speciosus using 1,799 individuals collected throughout its entire distribution range. Clear geographic patterns were not observed in head and body length. Tail length was greater in the Hokkaido and Tokara-Nakanoshima populations and smaller in the Oki Islands populations. Ear length showed geographic trends within the Honshu popul ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0202

88. Partial Migration and Effects of Climate on Migratory Movements of Sika Deer in Kirigamine Highland, Central Japan

Author:
Takii Akiko; Izumiyama Shigeyuki; Taguchi Makoto
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.4 pp. 331-340
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; autumn; climate; deer; females; home range; juveniles; males; melting; migratory behavior; snow; snowmelt; summer; temperature; Japan
Abstract:
... Studies on migration pattern of sika deer in Japan are limited. We captured 27 sika deer and identified movement for 24 deer (17 females and 7 males) from 2008 to 2011 in Kirigamine Highland, Nagano, central Japan. Four juvenile males dispersed from their original home range, and we documented migration pattern for 23 deer (17 females and 6 males), including 3 dispersed males. Deer exhibited parti ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0407

89. Population Genetic Structure of the Japanese Large-Footed Bat (Myotis macrodactylus) Along Three Rivers on Hokkaido Island, Northern Japan

Author:
Kobayashi Fumiya; Fukui Dai; Kojima Eisuke; Masuda Ryuichi
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.3 pp. 227-235
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Myotis; cytochrome b; habitats; haplotypes; insectivores; mitochondrial DNA; mountains; phylogeography; population structure; principal component analysis; rivers; Japan
Abstract:
... Rivers are habitats favored by insectivorous bats. The Japanese large-footed bat (Myotis macrodactylus) is one of such species strongly associated with rivers. To clarify the population structure and migration pattern of M. macrodactylus, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) phylogeography was investigated in 15 subpopulations along three rivers (Tokachi, Ishikari and Teshio Rivers) on Hokkaido Island, north ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0306

90. Seasonal Migration of Sika Deer in the Oku-Chichibu Mountains, Central Japan

Author:
Takii Akiko; Izumiyama Shigeyuki; Mochizuki Takashi; Okumura Tadanobu; Sato Shigeru
Source:
Mammal study 2012 v.37 no.2 pp. 127-137
ISSN:
1343-4152
Subject:
Cervus nippon; autumn; bamboos; deer; forage; global positioning systems; grasses; home range; migratory behavior; mountains; snow; summer; wildlife; winter; Japan
Abstract:
... Movements and seasonal home ranges of 6 GPS collared sika deer were investigated at the Oku-Chichibu Mountains, central Honshu, from April 2009 to March 2010. All deer migrated between discrete summer and winter home ranges. The linear migration distance ranged from 2.5 to 31.9 km. Mean elevation during the summer and the winter ranged from 980 to 1,782 m, and from 1,204 to 1,723 m, respectively. ...
DOI:
10.3106/041.037.0203