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1. Antioxidant Peptides from Goat Milk Fermented by <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> L61: Preparation, Optimization, and Stability Evaluation in Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluid

Author:
Shu, Guowei; Shi, Xiaoyu; Chen, Li; Kou, Jianbo; Meng, Jiangpeng; Chen, He
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Lactobacillus casei; antioxidant activity; calcium; casein; cysteine; fermented milk; free radical scavengers; free radicals; gastric juice; gastrointestinal system; glucose; goat milk; hydroxyl radicals; in vitro digestion; inulin; lactic acid; mathematical models; nutrients; peptides; peptones; response surface methodology; soybeans; starter cultures
Abstract:
... Antioxidant peptides are currently the focus of many studies, since they eliminate free radicals in the human body without harmful effects. In the present study, Lactobacillus casei L61 was used as a starter culture to ferment goat milk because of its high capacity to produce antioxidant peptides. An optimal nutrients formula (casein, casein peptone, glucose, soybean peptone, inulin, calcium lacta ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060797
PubMed:
29925814
PubMed Central:
PMC6024363

2. Do Chinese Preschool Children Eat a Sufficiently Diverse Diet? A Cross-Sectional Study in China

Author:
Jiang, Hua; Zhao, Ai; Zhao, Wenzhi; Tan, Shengjie; Zhang, Jian; Zhang, Yumei; Wang, Peiyu
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
cities; cross-sectional studies; diet recall; eating habits; food intake; household expenditure; nutrition education; preschool children; rural areas; urban areas; villages; China
Abstract:
... Background: This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate dietary diversity and its associated factors in Chinese preschoolers and explore whether the daily food consumption of children with different dietary diversity-associated characteristics met recommended dietary amounts. Methods: A cross-sectional study covering seven cities and two villages was conducted and included 697 preschool children ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060794
PubMed:
29925787
PubMed Central:
PMC6024508

3. Intake of Polydextrose Alters Hematology and the Profile of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Partially Gastrectomized Rats

Author:
do Carmo, Mariane Moreira Ramiro; Sarmento, Ulana Chaves; Cavalheiro, Leandro Fontoura; Fernandes, Anderson; Filiú, Wander Fernando de Oliveira; Gielow, Karine de Cássia Freitas; Costa, Deiler Sampaio; Guercio, Adriana Conceiçon; do Nascimento, Valter Aragão; Ribeiro, Camila Fontoura Acosta; de Castro, Alinne Pereira; Carvalho, Cristiano Marcelo Espinola; Novello, Daiana; Santos-Junior, Valfredo de Almeida; Morato, Priscila Neder; Amaya-Farfan, Jaime; Hiane, Priscila Aiko; dos Santos, Elisvânia Freitas
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
cecum; colon; hematocrit; hematology; hemoglobin; intestinal absorption; iron; iron deficiency anemia; jejunum; laboratory animals; liver; males; nutrients; pH; propionic acid; rats; short chain fatty acids; tissue weight
Abstract:
... Polydextrose (PDX) ingestion may increase the intestinal absorption of iron. This study evaluated the effects of 7.5% polydextrose supplementation on markers of iron uptake, transport and storage in partially gastrectomized rats. Half of a batch of 40 male Wistar rats (250 g) underwent Billroth II partial gastrectomy with anterior truncal vagotomy (GXT), while the other half underwent sham gastrec ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060792
PubMed:
29925762
PubMed Central:
PMC6024616

4. Inulin Supplementation Does Not Reduce Plasma Trimethylamine <i>N</i>-Oxide Concentrations in Individuals at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

Author:
Baugh, Mary Elizabeth; Steele, Cortney N.; Angiletta, Christopher J.; Mitchell, Cassie M.; Neilson, Andrew P.; Davy, Brenda M.; Hulver, Matthew W.; Davy, Kevin P.
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adults at risk; betaine; blood sampling; carbohydrate content; carnitine; choline; fasting; inulin; lipid content; liquid chromatography; maltodextrins; moieties; nitrogen oxides; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; overweight; placebos; prebiotics; tandem mass spectrometry; trimethylamine
Abstract:
... Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Prebiotic supplementation has been purported to reduce TMAO production, but whether prebiotics reduce fasting or postprandial TMAO levels is unclear. Sedentary, overweight/obese adults at risk for T2DM (n = 18) were randomized to consume a standardized diet (55% carbohydrate ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060793
PubMed:
29925775
PubMed Central:
PMC6024751

5. Personalized Nutrition—Genes, Diet, and Related Interactive Parameters as Predictors of Cancer in Multiethnic Colorectal Cancer Families

Author:
Shiao, S. Pamela K.; Grayson, James; Lie, Amanda; Yu, Chong Ho
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
artificial intelligence; body mass index; colorectal neoplasms; diet; dihydrofolate reductase; fish; forests; gender; genes; health services; healthy eating habits; legumes; meat; men; methionine synthase; methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; models; mutation; nationalities and ethnic groups; overweight; patients; prediction; regression analysis; saturated fats; thiamin; vitamin metabolism; whole grain foods; California
Abstract:
... To personalize nutrition, the purpose of this study was to examine five key genes in the folate metabolism pathway, and dietary parameters and related interactive parameters as predictors of colorectal cancer (CRC) by measuring the healthy eating index (HEI) in multiethnic families. The five genes included methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 and 1298, methionine synthase (MTR) 2756, me ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060795
PubMed:
29925788
PubMed Central:
PMC6024706

6. Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy—Implications for Therapies

Author:
Heydemann, Ahlke
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
AMP-activated protein kinase; adenosine triphosphate; animal models; atrophy; biochemical pathways; calcium; diabetes; diet; exercise; hypoxia; metabolism; mitochondria; muscles; muscular dystrophy; myocytes; obesity; patients; reactive oxygen species; skeletal muscle; therapeutics
Abstract:
... The interactions between nutrition and metabolism and skeletal muscle have long been known. Muscle is the major metabolic organ—it consumes more calories than other organs—and therefore, there is a clear need to discuss these interactions and provide some direction for future research areas regarding muscle pathologies. In addition, new experiments and manuscripts continually reveal ad ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060796
PubMed:
29925809
PubMed Central:
PMC6024668

7. Fatty Acids and Calcium Regulation in Prostate Cancer

Author:
Maly, Ivan V.; Hofmann, Wilma A.
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
biomarkers; calcium; fatty acids; homeostasis; metabolism; neoplasm progression; nutrients; prioritization; prognosis; prostatic neoplasms; second messengers; surveys; therapeutics
Abstract:
... Prostate cancer is a widespread malignancy characterized by a comparative ease of primary diagnosis and difficulty in choosing the individualized course of treatment. Management of prostate cancer would benefit from a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the transition to the lethal, late-stage forms of the disease, which could potentially yield new biomarkers for differential ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060788
PubMed:
29921791
PubMed Central:
PMC6024573

8. Identification of Acute Malnutrition in Children in Cambodia Requires Both Mid Upper Arm Circumference and Weight-For-Height to Offset Gender Bias of Each Indicator

Author:
Wieringa, Frank Tammo; Gauthier, Ludovic; Greffeuille, Valérie; Som, Somphos Vicheth; Dijkhuizen, Marjoleine Amma; Laillou, Arnaud; Chamnan, Chhoun; Berger, Jacques; Poirot, Etienne
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
World Health Organization; arm circumference; boys; children; edema; gender; girls; longitudinal studies; malnutrition; urban areas; Cambodia
Abstract:
... Malnutrition remains a serious health problem in Cambodia with over 10% of children less than five years of age suffering from acute malnutrition. In addition to the presence of nutritional edema, two indicators are recommended by the World Health Organization for the diagnosis of acute malnutrition: weight-for-height Z-scores (WHZ; with acute malnutrition defined as WHZ < −2 Z-score) and mi ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060786
PubMed:
29921769
PubMed Central:
PMC6024773

9. Interaction between an <i>ADCY3</i> Genetic Variant and Two Weight-Lowering Diets Affecting Body Fatness and Body Composition Outcomes Depending on Macronutrient Distribution: A Randomized Trial

Author:
Goni, Leticia; Riezu-Boj, Jose Ignacio; Milagro, Fermín I.; Corrales, Fernando J.; Ortiz, Lourdes; Cuervo, Marta; Martínez, J. Alfredo
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adenylate cyclase; adipose tissue; alleles; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; genotype; genotyping; low fat diet; nutritional intervention; overweight; visceral fat; waist circumference; weight loss
Abstract:
... The adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) gene is involved in the regulation of several metabolic processes including the development and function of adipose tissue. The effects of the ADCY3 rs10182181 genetic variant on changes in body composition depending on the macronutrient distribution intake after 16 weeks of the dietary intervention were tested. The ADCY3 genetic variant was genotyped in 147 overwei ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060789
PubMed:
29921800
PubMed Central:
PMC6024801

10. Nutritional Requirements of Lung Transplant Recipients: Challenges and Considerations

Author:
Jomphe, Valerie; Lands, Larry C.; Mailhot, Genevieve
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adrenal cortex hormones; comorbidity; diabetes; dietary recommendations; hemodynamics; immunosuppressive agents; kidney diseases; lungs; neoplasms; nutrient requirements; nutritional intervention; nutritional status; obesity; optimal nutrition; osteoporosis; patients; tissue repair
Abstract:
... An optimal nutritional status is associated with better post-transplant outcomes and survival. Post-lung transplant nutrition management is however particularly challenging as lung recipients represent a very heterogeneous group of patients in terms of age, underlying diseases, weight status and presence of comorbidities. Furthermore, the post-transplant period encompasses several stages character ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060790
PubMed:
29921799
PubMed Central:
PMC6024852

11. Protective Effects of Salvianolic Acid A against Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis in Rats

Author:
Wang, Kai; Yang, Qinqin; Ma, Quanxin; Wang, Bei; Wan, Zhengrui; Chen, Minli; Wu, Liming
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Salvia miltiorrhiza; caudal vein; colitis; colon; dextran; gene expression; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-6; intestinal microorganisms; models; phylogeny; probiotics; protective effect; rats; ribosomal DNA; ribosomal RNA; salvianolic acid; sodium; sodium sulfate; therapeutics; tight junctions
Abstract:
... Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is an active phenolic acid derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). To explore whether SAA has a therapeutic effect against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an acute colitis model was induced in rats by administering 3% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) for one week. SAA in doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg/day was given by tail vein injection during DSS administration. Both do ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060791
PubMed:
29921812
PubMed Central:
PMC6024375

12. The Effect of Exercise Intensity on Gastric Emptying Rate, Appetite and Gut Derived Hormone Responses after Consuming a Standardised Semi-Solid Meal in Healthy Males

Author:
Mattin, Lewis R.; Yau, Adora M. W.; McIver, Victoria; James, Lewis J.; Evans, Gethin H.
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adults; appetite; blood serum; cholesterol; digestive system; exercise; free fatty acids; gastric emptying; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide 1; glucose; insulin; males; men; pancreatic polypeptide; peptide YY; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... This study investigated the acute circulating gut hormone, appetite and gastric emptying rate responses to a semi-solid meal following exercise at different intensities. Twelve men completed three trials in a randomised-crossover design, consisting of continuous cycling at 70% V˙O2Peak (HIGH), 40% V˙O2Peak (LOW) or rest (CONTROL). Baseline samples were collected after an over ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060787
PubMed:
29921786
PubMed Central:
PMC6024701

13. Adequacy of Some Locally Produced Complementary Foods Marketed in Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Senegal

Author:
Dimaria, Sara Antonio; Schwartz, Hélène; Icard-Vernière, Christèle; Picq, Christian; Zagre, Noël Marie; Mouquet-Rivier, Claire
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
affordability; children; complementary foods; growth retardation; income; markets; nutrient content; packaging; Benin; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Senegal
Abstract:
... Adequate complementary foods are needed to help reduce the high prevalence of stunting in children in many Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). We assessed the availability, affordability, and nutrient adequacy of imported and locally produced processed cereal-based blends (PCBBs), marketed as complementary food for young children in Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Senegal. In total, 19 local ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060785
PubMed:
29912154
PubMed Central:
PMC6024696

14. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Radical Scavenging Properties of Chinotto (<i>Citrus myrtifolia</i> Raf.) Essential Oils

Author:
Plastina, Pierluigi; Apriantini, Astari; Meijerink, Jocelijn; Witkamp, Renger; Gabriele, Bartolo; Fazio, Alessia
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Citrus bergamia; acetates; anti-inflammatory activity; antioxidant activity; beverages; chemokine CCL2; essential oils; fruits; gamma-terpinene; genes; in vivo studies; inducible nitric oxide synthase; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-6; limonene; linalool; lipopolysaccharides; macrophages; nitric oxide; prostaglandin synthase; sweets; China
Abstract:
... Chinotto (Citrus myrtifolia Raf.) is a widely diffused plant native from China and its fruits have a wide-spread use in confectionary and drinks. Remarkably, only little has been reported thus far on its bioactive properties, in contrast to those of the taxonomically related bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso). The present study aimed to investigate potential in vitro anti-inflammatory and radical sc ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060783
PubMed:
29912150
PubMed Central:
PMC6024861

15. TRPM6 is Essential for Magnesium Uptake and Epithelial Cell Function in the Colon

Author:
Luongo, Francesca; Pietropaolo, Giuseppe; Gautier, Mathieu; Dhennin-Duthille, Isabelle; Ouadid-Ahidouch, Halima; Wolf, Federica I.; Trapani, Valentina
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
RNA interference; cell proliferation; colon; epithelial cells; epithelium; functional properties; homeostasis; human cell lines; magnesium; models; plasma membrane; proteins
Abstract:
... Intestinal magnesium (Mg) uptake is essential for systemic Mg homeostasis. Colon cells express the two highly homologous transient receptor potential melastatin type (TRPM) 6 and 7 Mg2+ channels, but their precise function and the consequences of their mutual interaction are not clear. To explore the functional role of TRPM6 and TRPM7 in the colon, we used human colon cell lines that innately expr ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060784
PubMed:
29912157
PubMed Central:
PMC6024373

16. An Exploratory Study Examining Obesity Risk in Non-Obese Mothers of Young Children Using a Socioecological Approach

Author:
Martin-Biggers, Jennifer; Quick, Virginia; Spaccarotella, Kim; Byrd-Bredbenner, Carol
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
body image; educational status; food security; fruits; health care workers; models; mothers; obesity; preschool children; regression analysis; sleep; sociodemographic characteristics; surveys; vegetables; United States
Abstract:
... This cross-sectional, exploratory study aimed to (1) develop an obesity risk score using a comprehensive set of variables assessing mothers’ intrapersonal weight-related characteristics and those of their homes’ interpersonal and physical environments, and (2) determine how weight-related characteristics differ by obesity risk level. U.S. mothers (N = 550) of preschool-aged children co ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060781
PubMed:
29914210
PubMed Central:
PMC6024647
CHORUS:
10.3390/nu10060781

17. Whey Protein Concentrate WPC-80 Improves Antioxidant Defense Systems in the Salivary Glands of 14-Month Wistar Rats

Author:
Falkowski, Mateusz; Maciejczyk, Mateusz; Koprowicz, Tomasz; Mikołuć, Bożena; Milewska, Anna; Zalewska, Anna; Car, Halina
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
antioxidant activity; antioxidants; catalase; glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; homeostasis; laboratory animals; oxidants; oxidative stress; parotid gland; rats; superoxide dismutase; whey protein concentrate
Abstract:
... Whey protein concentrate (WPC) is characterized by powerful antioxidant properties, but its effect on redox homeostasis of salivary glands of aging organisms is still unknown. In this study, we are the first to evaluate the antioxidant barrier of salivary glands of 14-month Wistar rats fed WPC-80. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), activities ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060782
PubMed:
29914217
PubMed Central:
PMC6024865

18. Dietary Cholesterol and the Lack of Evidence in Cardiovascular Disease

Author:
Soliman, Ghada A.
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Americans; Dietary Guidelines; blood; cardiovascular diseases; children; cholesterol; eggs; elderly; fatty acid composition; food intake; foods; healthy eating habits; income; minerals; nutrients; nutrition risk assessment; saturated fatty acids; shrimp; vitamins; United States
Abstract:
... Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. For years, dietary cholesterol was implicated in increasing blood cholesterol levels leading to the elevated risk of CVD. To date, extensive research did not show evidence to support a role of dietary cholesterol in the development of CVD. As a result, the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans removed the r ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060780
PubMed:
29914176
PubMed Central:
PMC6024687

19. Dietary Influence on Body Fluid Acid-Base and Volume Balance: The Deleterious “Norm” Furthers and Cloaks Subclinical Pathophysiology

Author:
Qian, Qi
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adults; adverse effects; animal proteins; body fluids; chronic diseases; diet; disease outbreaks; disease progression; eating habits; electrolytes; foods; fruits; guidelines; health services; homeostasis; human physiology; mortality; pathophysiology; potassium; sodium; tempering; vegetables
Abstract:
... The popular modern diet, characterized by an excess of animal protein and salt but insufficient in fruits, vegetables and water, is a poor fit for human physiological and homeostatic regulatory systems. Sustained net acid and sodium retention, coupled with an insufficient intake of cardiovascular protective potassium-rich foods and hydration in the modern diet can give rise to debilitating chronic ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060778
PubMed:
29914153
PubMed Central:
PMC6024597

20. Effects of Quinoa (<em>Chenopodium quinoa</em> Willd.) Consumption on Markers of CVD Risk

Author:
Li, Liangkui; Lietz, Georg; Bal, Wendy; Watson, Anthony; Morfey, Ben; Seal, Chris
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Chenopodium quinoa; biomarkers; blood; blood glucose; blood sampling; body mass index; breads; cardiovascular diseases; diet; epidemiological studies; fasting; glucose; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; men; metabolites; monitoring; mortality; nutritional intervention; overweight; pseudocereals; quinoa flour; risk factors; wheat; whole grain foods
Abstract:
... A number of epidemiological studies have suggested that diets rich in whole grains are linked to lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and mortality. Quinoa, a pseudo-cereal, is included in the “whole grain” category but the effects of quinoa consumption in humans is not widely studied. Our aim was to undertake a dietary intervention study to investigate the effects of daily consumption of quino ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060777
PubMed:
29914146
PubMed Central:
PMC6024323