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You searched for: Journal Nutrients Remove constraint Journal: Nutrients Publication Year 2013 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2013 Source 2013 v.5 no.8 Remove constraint Source: 2013 v.5 no.8
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1. Dietary Fructose Feeding Increases Adipose Methylglyoxal Accumulation in Rats in Association with Low Expression and Activity of Glyoxalase-2

Author:
Masterjohn, Christopher; Park, Youngki; Lee, Jiyoung; Noh, Sang K.; Koo, Sung I.; Bruno, Richard S.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3311-3328
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
advanced glycation end products; diabetes; enzymes; fructose; gene expression; green tea; high fructose diet; laboratory animals; lactic acid; liver; males; rats
Abstract:
... Methylglyoxal is a precursor to advanced glycation endproducts that may contribute to diabetes and its cardiovascular-related complications. Methylglyoxal is successively catabolized to d-lactate by glyoxalase-1 and glyoxalase-2. The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary fructose and green tea extract (GTE) differentially regulate methylglyoxal accumulation in liver and adipose, ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083311

2. Cocoa Flavonoid-Enriched Diet Modulates Systemic and Intestinal Immunoglobulin Synthesis in Adult Lewis Rats

Author:
Massot-Cladera, Malen; Franch, Àngels; Castellote, Cristina; Castell, Margarida; Pérez-Cano, Francisco J.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3272-3286
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adults; bacteria; blood serum; body weight; diet; feces; flavonoids; immunoglobulin A; immunoglobulin G; immunoglobulin M; immunomodulators; intestines; nutritional intervention; pH; polyphenols; rats; raw materials
Abstract:
... Previous studies have reported that a diet containing 10% cocoa, a rich source of flavonoids, has immunomodulatory effects on rats and, among others effects, is able to attenuate the immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis in both systemic and intestinal compartments. The purpose of the present study was focused on investigating whether these effects were attributed exclusively to the flavonoid content or t ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083272

3. Docosahexaenoic Acid, Inflammation, and Bacterial Dysbiosis in Relation to Periodontal Disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and the Metabolic Syndrome

Author:
Tabbaa, Maria; Golubic, Mladen; Roizen, Michael F.; Bernstein, Adam M.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3299-3310
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
cytokines; docosahexaenoic acid; dysbiosis; inflammation; inflammatory bowel disease; insulin; intestinal microorganisms; intestines; lipopolysaccharides; macrophages; metabolic syndrome; omega-3 fatty acids; periodontal diseases
Abstract:
... Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, has been used to treat a range of different conditions, including periodontal disease (PD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). That DHA helps with these oral and gastrointestinal diseases in which inflammation and bacterial dysbiosis play key roles, raises the question of whether DHA may assist in the prevention or trea ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083299

4. Linseed Dietary Fibers Reduce Apparent Digestibility of Energy and Fat and Weight Gain in Growing Rats

Author:
Kristensen, Mette; Knudsen, Knud Erik Bach; Jørgensen, Henry; Oomah, David; Bügel, Susanne; Toubro, Søren; Tetens, Inge; Astrup, Arne
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3287-3298
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
body fat; body weight changes; cellulose; dietary fiber; digestibility; energy balance; excretion; feed intake; laboratory animals; linseed; males; rats; viscosity; water solubility; weight gain
Abstract:
... Dietary fibers (DF) may affect energy balance, an effect often ascribed to the viscous nature of some water soluble DF, which affect luminal viscosity and thus multiple physiological processes. We have tested the hypothesis that viscous linseed DF reduce apparent nutrient digestibility, and limit weight gain, in a randomized feeding trial where 60 male, growing, Wistar rats, with an initial weight ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083287

5. A Comparison of Retinyl Palmitate and Red Palm Oil β-Carotene as Strategies to Address Vitamin A Deficiency

Author:
Souganidis, Ellie; Laillou, Arnaud; Leyvraz, Magali; Moench-Pfanner, Regina
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3257-3271
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
beta-carotene; blindness; flour; frying; monosodium glutamate; morbidity; mortality; palm oils; public health; retinyl palmitate; rice; sugars; taste; vegetable oil; vitamin A; vitamin A deficiency
Abstract:
... Vitamin A deficiency continues to be an international public health problem with several important health consequences including blindness and overall increased rates of morbidity and mortality. To address this widespread issue, a series of strategies have been put into place from dietary diversification to supplementation and fortification programs. Retinyl palmitate has been used successfully fo ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083257

6. Methoxistasis: Integrating the Roles of Homocysteine and Folic Acid in Cardiovascular Pathobiology

Author:
Joseph, Jacob; Loscalzo, Joseph
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3235-3256
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
blood; chronic diseases; clinical trials; folic acid; heart failure; homocysteine; humans; methylation; vitamin metabolism
Abstract:
... Over the last four decades, abnormalities in the methionine-homocysteine cycle and associated folate metabolism have garnered great interest due to the reported link between hyperhomocysteinemia and human pathology, especially atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. However, clinical trials of B-vitamin supplementation including high doses of folic acid have not demonstrated any benefit in preven ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083235

7. Improving Asthma during Pregnancy with Dietary Antioxidants: The Current Evidence

Author:
Grieger, Jessica A.; Wood, Lisa G.; Clifton, Vicki L.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3212-3234
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adults; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; asthma; diet; fetus; inflammation; oxidative stress; pregnancy; protective effect
Abstract:
... The complication of asthma during pregnancy is associated with a number of poor outcomes for the mother and fetus. This may be partially driven by increased oxidative stress induced by the combination of asthma and pregnancy. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which contributes to worsening asthma symptoms. Pregnancy ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083212

8. Biological Activities and Bioavailability of Mangosteen Xanthones: A Critical Review of the Current Evidence

Author:
Gutierrez-Orozco, Fabiola; Failla, Mark L.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3163-3183
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Garcinia mangostana; absorption; anti-inflammatory activity; anticarcinogenic activity; antioxidants; apoptosis; beverages; bioavailability; health promotion; humans; in vitro studies; in vivo studies; mangosteens; metabolism; pericarp; polyphenols; sales; tropical plants; xanthones; South East Asia; United States
Abstract:
... Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia that produces a fruit whose pericarp contains a family of tricyclic isoprenylated polyphenols referred to as xanthones. Numerous in vitro studies have shown that these xanthones possess anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities. Aggressive marketing of such heal ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083163

9. Impact of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Gene Expression during Osteoclastogenesis in Vitro—A Comprehensive Analysis

Author:
Akiyama, Masako; Nakahama, Ken-ichi; Morita, Ikuo
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3151-3162
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
bone resorption; cell adhesion; cell fusion; cell movement; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; gene expression; gene expression regulation; gene ontology; genes; ligands; microarray technology; morphogenesis; omega-3 fatty acids; osteoporosis; periodontitis; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; rheumatoid arthritis; transcription factor NF-kappa B
Abstract:
... Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are known to protect against inflammation-induced bone loss in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis and osteoporosis. We previously reported that DHA, not EPA, inhibited osteoclastogenesis induced by the receptor activato ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083151

10. Iron and Zinc Nutrition in the Economically-Developed World: A Review

Author:
Lim, Karen H. C.; Riddell, Lynn J.; Nowson, Caryl A.; Booth, Alison O.; Szymlek-Gay, Ewa A.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3184-3211
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adults; ascorbic acid; bioavailability; calcium; dietary recommendations; food intake; food matrix; grains; iron; iron absorption; meat; monitoring; nutrient deficiencies; nutritional status; phytic acid; polyphenols; soy protein; zinc
Abstract:
... This review compares iron and zinc food sources, dietary intakes, dietary recommendations, nutritional status, bioavailability and interactions, with a focus on adults in economically-developed countries. The main sources of iron and zinc are cereals and meat, with fortificant iron and zinc potentially making an important contribution. Current fortification practices are concerning as there is lit ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083184

11. Vitamin C: A Novel Regulator of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation

Author:
Mohammed, Bassem M.; Fisher, Bernard J.; Kraskauskas, Donatas; Farkas, Daniela; Brophy, Donald F.; Fowler, Alpha A.; Natarajan, Ramesh
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3131-3150
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
DNA; apoptosis; ascorbic acid; autophagy; blood serum; endoplasmic reticulum; histones; humans; lungs; mice; neutrophils; pathogens; peritonitis; sepsis (infection); tissues; transcription factor NF-kappa B; volunteers
Abstract:
... Introduction: Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation was recently identified as a novel mechanism to kill pathogens. However, excessive NET formation in sepsis can injure host tissues. We have recently shown that parenteral vitamin C (VitC) is protective in sepsis. Whether VitC alters NETosis is unknown. Methods: We used Gulo−/− mice as they lack the ability to synthesize VitC. Sepsis was i ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083131

12. A Food Photograph Series for Identifying Portion Sizes of Culturally Specific Dishes in Rural Areas with High Incidence of Oesophageal Cancer

Author:
Lombard, Martani; Steyn, Nelia; Burger, Hester-Mari; Charlton, Karen; Senekal, Marjanne
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3118-3130
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
corn; focus groups; food frequency questionnaires; fumonisins; neoplasms; photographs; portion size; risk factors; rural areas; villages; women; South Africa
Abstract:
... Rural areas of the Eastern Cape (EC) Province, South Africa have a high incidence of squamous cell oesophageal cancer (OC) and exposure to mycotoxin fumonisin has been associated with increased OC risk. However, to assess exposure to fumonisin in Xhosas—having maize as a staple food—it is necessary to determine the amount of maize consumed per day. A maize-specific food frequency questionnaire (M- ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083118

13. Alternative Dietary Fiber Sources in Companion Animal Nutrition

Author:
de Godoy, Maria R. C.; Kerr, Katherine R.; Fahey, Jr., George C.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3099-3117
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adults; animal nutrition; barley; carbohydrates; cardiovascular diseases; cats; corn; dietary fiber; digestibility; dogs; food industry; food production; fruits; functional foods; glycemic effect; humans; ingredients; longevity; nutrient requirements; nutritional adequacy; oxidative stress; palatability; pet foods; pet ownership; pets; pomace; prebiotics; protective effect; quality of life; rice bran; taurine; texture; water activity; water content; whole grain foods; United States
Abstract:
... The US has a pet population of approximately 70 million dogs and 74 million cats. Humans have developed a strong emotional bond with companion animals. As a consequence, pet owners seek ways to improve health, quality of life and longevity of their pets. Advances in canine and feline nutrition have contributed to improved longevity and well-being. Dietary fibers have gained renewed interest in the ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083099

14. Non-Viable Lactobacillus reuteri DSMZ 17648 (Pylopass™) as a New Approach to Helicobacter pylori Control in Humans

Author:
Mehling, Heidrun; Busjahn, Andreas
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3062-3073
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Helicobacter pylori; Lactobacillus reuteri; adults; breath tests; carbon; developing countries; digestive system diseases; freeze drying; humans; pathogens; placebos; probiotics; spray drying; stable isotopes; urea
Abstract:
... Prevalence of infections by Helicobacter pylori, a pathogen involved in a number of gastrointestinal diseases, remains high in developing countries. Management of infections by eradication is not always an option. Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) DSMZ17648 (Pylopass™/Lonza) specifically co-aggregates H. pylori in vitro and was shown to reduce 13C urea breath test in vivo. In this pilot study, we ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083062

15. Out of Balance—Systemic Iron Homeostasis in Iron-Related Disorders

Author:
Steinbicker, Andrea U.; Muckenthaler, Martina U.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3034-3061
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
anemia; diet; erythrocytes; heart; hemoglobin; hepcidin; homeostasis; hypoxia; inflammation; iron; iron absorption; liver; nutrient deficiencies; oxidative stress; oxygen; pancreas; public health
Abstract:
... Iron is an essential element in our daily diet. Most iron is required for the de novo synthesis of red blood cells, where it plays a critical role in oxygen binding to hemoglobin. Thus, iron deficiency causes anemia, a major public health burden worldwide. On the other extreme, iron accumulation in critical organs such as liver, heart, and pancreas causes organ dysfunction due to the generation of ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083034

16. Potential of Phytase-Mediated Iron Release from Cereal-Based Foods: A Quantitative View

Author:
Nielsen, Anne V. F.; Tetens, Inge; Meyer, Anne S.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3074-3098
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
absorption; catalytic activity; chelates; dephosphorylation; grain foods; grains; in vivo studies; inositol phosphates; iron; iron absorption; iron deficiency anemia; myo-inositol; nutrient deficiencies; phytases; phytic acid
Abstract:
... The major part of iron present in plant foods such as cereals is largely unavailable for direct absorption in humans due to complexation with the negatively charged phosphate groups of phytate (myo-inositol (1,2,3,4,5,6)-hexakisphosphate). Human biology has not evolved an efficient mechanism to naturally release iron from iron phytate complexes. This narrative review will evaluate the quantitative ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083074

17. Cocoa Phenolic Extract Protects Pancreatic Beta Cells against Oxidative Stress

Author:
Martín, María Ángeles; Ramos, Sonia; Cordero-Herrero, Isabel; Bravo, Laura; Goya, Luis
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 2955-2968
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
antioxidant activity; antioxidants; cell viability; diabetes mellitus; flavonoids; food composition; foods; glutathione; grapes; green tea; human nutrition; islets of Langerhans; moieties; oxidative stress; pathogenesis; protective effect
Abstract:
... Diabetes mellitus is associated with reductions in glutathione, supporting the critical role of oxidative stress in its pathogenesis. Antioxidant food components such as flavonoids have a protective role against oxidative stress-induced degenerative and age-related diseases. Flavonoids constitute an important part of the human diet; they can be found in most plant foods, including green tea, grape ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5082955

18. Dietary Intake and Food Habits of Pregnant Women Residing in Urban and Rural Areas of Deyang City, Sichuan Province, China

Author:
Gao, Haoyue; Stiller, Caroline K.; Scherbaum, Veronika; Biesalski, Hans Konrad; Wang, Qi; Hormann, Elizabeth; Bellows, Anne C.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 2933-2954
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
beef; body mass index; calcium; carbohydrates; conception; diet recall; dietary energy sources; eating habits; energy intake; food intake; hospitals; interviews; iron; nutrient deficiencies; nutrient intake; nutrition education; nutritional status; overweight; pregnancy; pregnant women; rabbit meat; riboflavin; risk factors; rural areas; rural population; rural women; traditional foods; underweight; urban areas; vitamin A; zinc; China
Abstract:
... Micronutrient deficiencies and imbalanced dietary intake tend to occur during the reproductive period among women in China. In accordance with traditional Chinese culture, pregnant women are commonly advised to follow a specific set of dietary precautions. The purpose of this study was to assess dietary intake data and identify risk factors for nutritional inadequacy in pregnant women from urban a ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5082933

19. Magnesium and Osteoporosis: Current State of Knowledge and Future Research Directions

Author:
Castiglioni, Sara; Cazzaniga, Alessandra; Albisetti, Walter; Maier, Jeanette A. M.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 3022-3033
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
bone health; bones; epidemiological studies; homeostasis; inflammation; magnesium; mineralization; nutrient deficiencies; osteoporosis; parathyroid hormone; secretion
Abstract:
... A tight control of magnesium homeostasis seems to be crucial for bone health. On the basis of experimental and epidemiological studies, both low and high magnesium have harmful effects on the bones. Magnesium deficiency contributes to osteoporosis directly by acting on crystal formation and on bone cells and indirectly by impacting on the secretion and the activity of parathyroid hormone and by pr ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5083022

20. Plasma and Dietary Antioxidant Status as Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Review of Human Studies

Author:
Wang, Ying; Chun, Ock K.; Song, Won O.
Source:
Nutrients 2013 v.5 no.8 pp. 2969-3004
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
adverse effects; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; bilirubin; cardiovascular diseases; carotenoids; chronic diseases; cohort studies; eating habits; glutathione; humans; inflammation; neoplasms; nutrients; nutritional adequacy; oxidative stress; polyphenols; protective effect; randomized clinical trials; risk factors; serum albumin; vitamin E
Abstract:
... Extensive evidence has demonstrated that many antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids and polyphenols have protective effects in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD), a chronic disease that is mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation. This review focuses on evidence from prospective cohort studies and clinical trials in regard to the associations between plasma/dietary antio ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu5082969