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1. Apoptotic arms races in insect‐baculovirus coevolution

Author:
Toshihiro Nagamine
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Baculoviridae; apoptosis; coevolution; entomology; monophyly; pseudogenes; viruses
Abstract:
... Baculoviruses, like their holometabolous host insects, comprise a monophyletic clade and, since the evolutionary origin of this virus family, have coevolved with their hosts. Despite this intimate coevolutionary relationship, baculoviruses have occasionally diverged independently of the host phylogeny by acquiring new infection mechanisms. Given that current baculovirus genomes contain various ant ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12371

2. Chemical screening, insecticidal and reprotoxic activities of Tecoma stans ethanolic leaf extract against the vector mosquito Culex pipiens

Author:
Nour‐El Houda Hafsi; Kaouther Hamaidia; Noureddine Soltani
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.3 pp. 176-187
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Culex pipiens; Tecoma stans; acetylcholinesterase; adults; biomarkers; botanical insecticides; chemical composition; chemical constituents of plants; death; entomology; ethanol; fecundity; females; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; glutathione transferase; instars; larvicides; leaf extracts; males; neurotoxicity; phytochemicals; progeny; reproductive performance
Abstract:
... To select potential plant‐based insecticides, Tecoma stans (Bignoniaceae) leaf extract was screened for its larvicidal and delayed effects against a medically important mosquito species Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae). First, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was conducted on T. stans extract, collected in ethanol for its chemical characterization and detection of active constitue ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12386

3. Comparison of life‐history traits and oviposition preferences of Tuta absoluta for 12 common tomato varieties in Burkina Faso

Author:
Mathieu W. Sawadogo; Rémy A. Dabire; Besmer Régis Ahissou; Schémaëza Bonzi; Irénée Somda; Souleymane Nacro; Clément Martin; Anne Legrève; François J. Verheggen
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 55-61
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Tuta absoluta; adults; egg incubation; entomology; insect pests; larvae; life history; longevity; mortality; oviposition; oviposition sites; probability; pupae; tomatoes; Burkina Faso
Abstract:
... The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an economically important insect pest of tomatoes. Since its discovery in Burkina Faso in 2016, the use of synthetic insecticides was favored, with many cases of treatment failure. To explore alternative control methods, we conducted a screening of the 12 main tomato varieties produced in the country to test tw ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12373

4. Effects of floor pattern on flight behaviour of the smaller tea tortrix, Adoxophyes honmai, during orientation flight in a sex pheromone plume

Author:
Ryusuke Miyamoto; Jun Tabata; Yooichi Kainoh
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 96-109
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Adoxophyes honmai; altitude; entomology; males; moths; odors; reflectance; sex pheromones; tea; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Insects control their flight toward a distant odour source by integrating multimodal sensory information, such as olfactory and visual information. Control of flight speed in orientation flight toward an odour source using visual patterning below has been observed in many species of moths. However, there are few reports about moth flight behaviour over solid‐coloured floors. To examine, which visu ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12379

5. Geometric analysis of macronutrient selection and balancing in the superworm, Zophobas atratus

Author:
Yongsoo Choi; Kwang Pum Lee
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.3 pp. 188-200
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Zophobas atratus; beneficial insects; carbohydrates; dietary protein; entomology; feeds; geometry; optimal nutrition; physiological regulation
Abstract:
... The larvae of Zophobas atratus F. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are a promising source of dietary protein for animal feed. However, there has been no detailed investigation on macronutrient selection and requirement in Z. atratus larvae. Here, we used the geometric framework to explore the behavioural and physiological regulation of protein and carbohydrate in Z. atratus larvae. When provided with p ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12388

6. Immune function does not trade‐off with reproductive effort in a semelparous wolf spider with parental care

Author:
Lucas J. Kirschman; Lindsey Dewey; Andre Gregory
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 38-45
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Lycosidae; encapsulation; entomology; evolution; females; immune response; life history; reproduction; wolves
Abstract:
... Trade‐offs between negatively associated traits underlie life history evolution. Immune function is often involved in life history trade‐offs, because of the energetic and nutritional costs of mounting and maintaining immune responses. Reproductive strategies exist on a continuum between semelparity and iteroparity. While immune function is often downregulated in semelparous organisms because they ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12369

7. Insecticide resistance in field populations of the pear psyllids Cacopsylla permixta and Cacopsylla bidens in Iran

Author:
Mojtaba Esmaeily; Khalil Talebi; Vahid Hosseininaveh; Jamasb Nozari; Daniel Burckhardt; Colin J. Jackson; John G. Oakeshott
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 73-82
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Cacopsylla; abamectin; acetamiprid; chlorpyrifos; cross resistance; cytochrome P-450; diazinon; entomology; esterases; glutathione transferase; imidacloprid; insecticide resistance; metabolism; pears; resistance management; Iran
Abstract:
... Cacopsylla permixta and Cacopsylla bidens are major pests of pears in Iran. They are commonly sprayed with various insecticides up to 12 times a year but control by these means is no longer reliable, suggesting the evolution of resistance. Here, we report about 60‐fold variation in diazinon susceptibility both among five geographic populations of C. bidens and among three geographic populations of ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12377

8. Laboratory investigation of pheromone pre‐exposure in Lobesia botrana males indicates minor role of desensitization in the field

Author:
Aitor Gavara; Vicente Navarro‐Llopis; Jaime Primo; Sandra Vacas
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 126-135
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Lobesia botrana; electroantennography; entomology; exposure duration; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; males; pheromones; wind tunnels
Abstract:
... The role of desensitization in mating disruption (MD) of European Grapevine Moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana (Dennis and Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is studied by exposing males to different airborne pheromone concentrations for various time intervals prior to evaluate their behavioural response. By using different types of dispensers, male moths are exposed to three decreasing pheromo ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12382

9. Learning and memory in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus

Author:
Yukihisa Matsumoto
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.3 pp. 147-161
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Gryllus bimaculatus; dopamine; entomology; evolution; fruit flies; fruits; honey; honey bees; memory; memory disorders; neurons; octopamine
Abstract:
... For insects living in an environment where food supplies constantly change, the ability to learn and to memorize the association of a specific cue with food is indispensable. The advantages of using insects for studies on learning and memory have been of great help to uncover a reliable capability of associative learning in various insect species. However, regarding neuronal and molecular mechanis ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12387

10. Oviposition site selection and attachment ability of Propylea quatuordecimpunctata and Harmonia axyridis from the egg to the adult stage

Author:
Gianandrea Salerno; Manuela Rebora; Silvana Piersanti; Thies H. Büscher; Elena V. Gorb; Stanislav N. Gorb
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 20-37
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Harmonia axyridis; Propylea quatuordecimpunctata; adults; biological control; eggs; entomology; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; oviposition; oviposition preference; oviposition sites; roughness; surface roughness; trichomes; wettability
Abstract:
... Surface features of plants can influence the searching efficiency and survival of predatory insects. Surfaces act as barriers preventing attachment of both phytophages and also their insect predators. In this regard, we focused on the oviposition site selection and the attachment ability of all life stages (eggs, larvae, imagines) of two common ladybird species, Propylea quatuordecimpunctata and H ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12368

11. Physiological evaluation of newly invasive jorō spiders (Trichonephila clavata) in the southeastern USA compared to their naturalized cousin, Trichonephila clavipes

Author:
Andrew K. Davis; Benjamin L. Frick
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.3 pp. 170-175
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Nephila clavipes; entomology; heart rate; metabolism; spiders; temperature; weather; East Asia; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... A newly‐invasive spider from east Asia, Trichonephila clavata, or “jorō spider”, is spreading in the southeastern United States. Little is known about the biology or physiology of this species in this new range. Interestingly, a closely‐related species in the same genus, the “golden silk spider,” Trichonephila clavipes, is already successfully established in this same region over the last 160 year ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12385

12. Walking and foraging activity of Acromyrmex subterraneus molestans (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) at different temperatures

Author:
Johana P. Ramirez‐Olier; Jessica J. Sanches; Júlia V. S. Barbosa; Liliana R. Botero; Vincent Fourcassié; José Cola Zanuncio; Ronald Zanetti
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.3 pp. 162-169
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Acromyrmex subterraneus; Hibiscus; ambient temperature; biomass; cerrado; entomology; forests; head; integrated pest management; leaf-cutting ants; leaves; nests; probability; toxicity
Abstract:
... Acromyrmex subterraneus molestans (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a leaf‐cutting ant species found in the Brazilian Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest and causes serious damages to cultivated plants. Knowledge about its foraging activity could help to improve the integrated pest management of this species and to better understand its ecology. The relationship between ambient temperature and the biomass ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12384

13. The exceptional attachment ability of the ectoparasitic bee louse Braula coeca (Diptera, Braulidae) on the honeybee

Author:
Thies H. Büscher; Dennis S. Petersen; Nienke N. Bijma; Fabian Bäumler; Christian W. W. Pirk; Sebastian Büsse; Lars Heepe; Stanislav N. Gorb
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 83-95
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Apis mellifera; Braula coeca; body weight; ectoparasites; entomology; friction; honey bees; microscopy
Abstract:
... Bee lice (Braulidae) are small parasitic flies, which are adapted to live on their bee host. As such, the wingless Braula coeca is a parasite of the common honey bee Apis mellifera and it is well adapted to attach to its hairy surface. The attachment system of B. coeca provides a secure grip on the fine setae of the bee. This is crucial for the parasite survival, as detachment from the host is fat ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12378

14. The respiratory metabolism of overwintering paper wasp gynes (Polistes dominula and Polistes gallicus)

Author:
Helmut Kovac; Helmut Käfer; Iacopo Petrocelli; Anton Stabentheiner
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 62-71
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Mediterranean climate; Polistes dominula; ambient temperature; energy; entomology; hibernation; metabolism; mortality; overwintering; paper wasps; rain; summer; Austria; Italy
Abstract:
... Winter in climatic regions with low temperatures is a challenge for overwintering insects. They are exposed to temperature extremes, which directly cause mortality or lead to energy depletion. The winter hibernaculum of paper wasp gynes protects from predators and rain, but only poorly from ambient temperature. In order to detect physiological adaptations to differing climates, we compared the res ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12376

15. Behavioural and electrophysiological responses of Liothrips jatrophae (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) to conspecific extracts and some of its identified compounds

Author:
Johana González‐Orellana; Guillermo López‐Guillén; Edi A. Malo; Arturo Goldarazena; Leopoldo Cruz‐López
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 11-19
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Liothrips; abdomen; chemical communication; conspecificity; electrophysiology; entomology; escape behavior; flagellum; insects; pedicel; secretion; sensilla
Abstract:
... This study investigated the behavioural and electrophysiological responses of the thrips Liothrips jatrophae to conspecific extracts and some of its identified compounds. We integrated four constituents of the insect's chemical communication: identification of the compounds from L. jatrophae extract, behavioural response to extracts and synthetic blends, morphology of the main olfactory receptors ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12367

16. Comparison of antennal responses of Ovalisia festiva and Phloeosinus aubei to volatile compounds of their common host, Thuja occidentalis

Author:
Gábor Bozsik; Béla Péter Molnár; Gábor Szőcs
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 136-146
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Buprestidae; Curculionidae; Phloeosinus; Thuja occidentalis; bark beetles; bioactive properties; borneol; electroantennography; entomology; headspace analysis
Abstract:
... The cypress jewel beetle, Ovalisia festiva L. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Chrysochroinae), and the cypress bark beetle, Phloeosinus aubei Perris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), are invasive wood‐boring pests of scale‐leafed conifers (Cupressaceae), threatening tree nurseries and urban green areas. In order to reveal which volatile compounds of their common host, the American arborvitae, Thu ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12383

17. Computer tomography‐assisted visualization of the movement triggered by frost in Ostrinia nubilalis overwintering in maize stalks

Author:
Sándor Keszthelyi; Antal Binder; Ádám Csóka; Zsolt Pónya; Tamás Donkó
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 138-144
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Ostrinia nubilalis; cold; computers; cooling; corn; corn stover; diapause; entomology; frost; ice; overwintering; temperature; tomography
Abstract:
... The damage of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), causes is mainly determined by the success of its overwintering. The aim of our study was to assess the consequences of the artificial cooling on the movement and survival ability of overwintering larvae of O. nubilalis by using computer‐assisted tomography. The in situ movement of the examined larvae in i ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12353

18. Dung beetle resistance to desiccation varies within and among populations

Author:
Beatrice Nervo; Angela Roggero; Dan Chamberlain; Antonio Rolando; Claudia Palestrini
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.3-4 pp. 230-243
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
climate change; dung beetles; ecosystem services; entomology; feces; males; water content
Abstract:
... The study of desiccation resistance and its underlying traits is key to understanding species responses to changes in water availability, especially in the context of predicted increases in the frequency and severity of droughts due to climate change. We performed laboratory experiments using dung beetles, important ecosystem service providers, to investigate variations in physiological traits wit ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12366

19. Ectoparasite‐induced increase in Drosophila host metabolic rate

Author:
Taylor Brophy; Lien T. Luong
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Drosophila; Macrocheles; carbon dioxide; cell respiration; ectoparasites; energy; entomology; life history; locomotion; metabolism; mites; respiratory rate
Abstract:
... Parasites exert numerous effects upon their hosts, including physiological and metabolic changes that can in turn influence various aspects of host life history. Using flow‐through respirometry, we investigated how infection intensity of an ectoparasitic mite (Macrocheles subbadius) affects the respiratory rate (CO₂ production) of its host Drosophila nigrospiracula. Mean fly respiratory rate incre ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12334

20. Effects of temperature, age, and stage on testis development in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Author:
Hiroyoshi Satoshi; Mitsunaga Takayuki; Reddy Gadi V.P.
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.3-4 pp. 200-209
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Plutella xylostella; adults; entomology; larvae; pupae; shrinkage; surveys; temperature; testes; wings
Abstract:
... In Lepidoptera, it is known that larval and pupal testes enlarge in volume and then decrease in size over various phases of the pupal stage. After adult emergence, testis shrinkage continues. In the present study, the effects of temperature, age, and stage on testis development were investigated in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Laboratory experime ...
Handle:
10113/7483576
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12359

21. Elevation of vitellogenin expression in Sunn pest is associated with pre‐migration and migration phases of the life cycle

Author:
Asli Dageri; Nurper Guz; Mehmet Oktay Gurkan
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 94-104
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Eurygaster maura; cDNA libraries; diapause; entomology; fat body; females; insects; oocytes; overwintering; reproduction; sunn pests; vitellogenin; wheat; Central Asia; Europe; Northern Africa
Abstract:
... Sunn pest, Eurygaster maura L. (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), a species with an obligatory diapause, is a major destructive pest of cereal products in central Asia, Europe and North Africa. Adults feed voraciously, causing total destruction of wheat fields in just a couple of days. Insect vitellogenins (Vgs) play a major role in reproduction by supplying the resources needed for oocyte development. I ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12348

22. Feeding on methoprene increases male accessory gland size and body protein in the Mexican fruit fly

Author:
Martha Reyes‐Hernández; Ricardo Macías‐Díaz del Castillo; Solana Abraham; José Arredondo; Diana Pérez‐Staples
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 128-137
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Anastrepha ludens; body protein; diet; energy; entomology; females; irradiation; males; mass rearing; methoprene; protein content; sexual maturity; spermatozoa; sterile insect technique; sugars
Abstract:
... Methoprene, a juvenile hormone analog, accelerates male sexual maturation in some pest species controlled through the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). The SIT consists of the mass‐rearing, irradiation and release of insects into affected areas, where sterile males mate with wild females and render them infertile. Sterile males are held for 6 days in confinement before release, and they are often re ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12352

23. Getting the most out of waste: how dung beetles boost the nitrogen content in their food

Author:
Fhulufhedzani M. Madzivhe; Christopher Woolley; Marcus Byrne
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 16-23
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Scarabaeus; carbon; dung beetles; entomology; feces; foregut; hindgut; mammals; nitrogen content; nutrient content; particle size; wastes
Abstract:
... The life cycle of almost all dung beetles revolve around mammalian dung, the feed on dung, look for mating partners on dung and lay eggs in the dung. We know they feed on dung, but we still do not understand how exactly they filter‐feed on the dung and which particles size range they are ingesting. The aim on this study was to investigate the filter feeding by particle selection by adult dung beet ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12336

24. Identification and characterization of zero population growth (zpg) gene in Plutella xylostella

Author:
Li‐Jun Cai; Tian‐Pu Li; Xi‐Jian Lin; Yu‐Ping Huang; Jiang‐Mei Qin; Wei Xu; Min‐Sheng You
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.1 pp. 46-54
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Brassicaceae; Plutella xylostella; RNA interference; entomology; females; gametogenesis; gap junctions; genes; innexins; oviposition; population growth
Abstract:
... The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is one of the most destructive insect pests on cruciferous plants, which causes huge economic losses annually across the world. Due to its resistance to all classes of insecticides, new effective management approaches are urgently needed. The innexin genes encode gap junction proteins in invertebrates, which play critical roles in cell‐to‐cell inter ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12372

25. Integrated effects of thermal acclimation and challenge temperature on cellular immunity in the plusiine moth larvae Chrysodeixis eriosoma (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
Yumi Takano; Takuma Sakamoto; Hiroko Tabunoki; Jin Yoshimura; Kikuo Iwabuchi
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 52-59
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Chrysodeixis eriosoma; acclimation; ambient temperature; cell-mediated immunity; entomology; hematopoiesis; hemocytes; moths; phagocytosis
Abstract:
... Temperature is one of the most influential factors for animals. The acclimation (rearing) and challenge temperatures are often more important than the given temperature per se. These effects on physiological responses have been known, but not well understood on immune responses. Here, we investigated the integrated effects of rearing and challenge temperatures on haemocyte populations in larvae of ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12344

26. No impact of neonicotinoids on male solitary bees Osmia cornuta under semi‐field conditions

Author:
Verena Strobl; Selina Bruckner; Sarah Radford; Sarah Wolf; Matthias Albrecht; Laura Villamar‐Bouza; Jakkrawut Maitip; Eleonora Kolari; Panuwan Chantawannakul; Gaétan Glauser; Geoffrey R. Williams; Peter Neumann; Lars Straub
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 105-109
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Osmia cornuta; adults; agrochemicals; biomass; clothianidin; entomology; males; models; overwintering; population density; solitary bees; spermatozoa; viability; weather
Abstract:
... The ubiquitous use of agrochemicals is one driver for the ongoing loss of insect biomass and diversity. Data show that field‐realistic concentrations of neonicotinoid insecticides can negatively affect both population density and the fitness of solitary bees. However, the underlying mechanisms for these effects remain poorly understood. Here, using an established semi‐field experimental set‐up and ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12349

27. No increase in alcohol dehydrogenase levels following repeated ethanol exposure in young honeybee workers

Author:
Krzysztof Miler; Daniel Stec; Laura Pardyak; Alicja Kamińska; Karolina Kuszewska
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 110-116
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
alcohol dehydrogenase; entomology; ethanol; immunoblotting; sedation; sedatives; vapors
Abstract:
... Some workers of the honeybee show high alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) levels and high resistance to the sedative effects of alcohol, yet it is unknown whether these two issues are directly related. Here we looked for a link between ADH levels and sedation latency in response to alcohol exposure. We used molecular and immunoblotting methods to investigate a possible induction of ADH production in youn ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12380

28. Nuclear polyhedrosis virus‐induced proteomic changes in Antheraea mylitta

Author:
Triveni Nallabothula; Santosh Kumar Hulikal Shivashankar; Shyam Kumar Vootla
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 119-127
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Antheraea mylitta; Baculoviridae; Bombyx mandarina; Bombyx mori; Culicidae; Drosophila; color; entomology; genes; immune response; innate immunity; phosphotransferases (kinases); polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; proteomics; serine proteinases; silk; silkworms; viral load; virus replication; viruses
Abstract:
... Innate immunity, the evolutionarily conserved defence system, has been extensively explored in insect models like Drosophila and mosquito species for their immune responses towards diverse pathogens. Viruses being obligate parasites take over cellular macromolecular machinery and routinely control intracellular signalling pathways through the direct or indirect control of kinases and phosphatases. ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12351

29. Overcoming insect immune response: The role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline protease in phenoloxidase inhibition

Author:
Mariola Andrejko; Anna Siemińska‐Kuczer; Bartłomiej Iwański; Małgorzata Cytryńska
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 145-156
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Galleria mellonella; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; entomology; hemolymph; immune response; immunization; insect immunity; monophenol monooxygenase; prophenoloxidase; proteinases; virulence
Abstract:
... The role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline protease, one of the important virulence factors of these bacteria, in the prophenoloxidase (proPO) system activation in Galleria mellonella haemolymph was investigated. Immunization of G. mellonella larvae with alkaline protease led to an increase in phenoloxidase (PO) activity in haemolymph 2–8 h after the injection. However, 15 h after the challenge, ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12354

30. Reduction of larval resistance and adult reproductive capacity in Spodoptera littoralis at different degrees of superparasitization by Microplitis rufiventris

Author:
Esmat M. Hegazi; Wedad E. Khafagi
Source:
Physiological entomology 2022 v.47 no.2 pp. 117-125
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Microplitis rufiventris; Polydnaviridae; Spodoptera littoralis; adults; eggs; endoparasitoids; entomology; females; instars; larvae; parasitism; pupae; reproductive performance; venoms; virulence; wasps
Abstract:
... The solitary endoparasitoid, Microplitis rufiventris Kok, attacks and can develop in the first three instars of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) larvae with preference for third‐instar. We used the last three instars to show the effect of increasing superparasitization on host resistance and reproductive capacity of surviving moths of S. littoralis that had been parasitized during their newly moulte ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12381

31. Regulation of Krüppel homolog 1 expression by photoperiod in the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris

Author:
Li Dong; Hiroko Udaka; Hideharu Numata; Chihiro Ito
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 82-93
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
RNA interference; Riptortus clavatus; Riptortus pedestris; adults; circadian clocks; cryptochromes; diapause; entomology; genes; juvenile hormones; ovarian development; reproduction; secretion; topical application; transcription factors; zinc finger motif
Abstract:
... In Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera, Alydidae), adult females develop their ovaries under long‐day conditions (LD), but enter reproductive diapause with suppression of ovarian development under short‐day conditions (SD). This photoperiodic response is regulated by juvenile hormone (JH). Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr‐h1) encodes a JH‐inducible transcriptional factor and plays a pivotal role for reproduction ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12347

32. Thermoregulation dynamics in commercially reared colonies of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris

Author:
Enya Wynants; Nancy Lenaerts; Felix Wäckers; Annette Van Oystaeyen
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 110-118
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Bombus terrestris; ambient temperature; entomology; nests; thermoregulation
Abstract:
... Thermoregulation, that is, the active control of temperature, is key to ensure proper brood development in both wild and captive bumblebee nests. In this study, thermoregulation dynamics were assessed relative to colony age and ambient temperature using commercially reared Bombus terrestris L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus) colonies. We observed a positive relationship between brood and nest temper ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12350

33. Tracing sources of carbon and hydrogen to stored lipids in the migratory moth, Mythimna unipuncta using stable isotopes (δ2H, δ13C)

Author:
Libesha Anparasan; Jeremy N. McNeil; Keith A. Hobson
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 45-51
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Mythimna unipuncta; adults; carbohydrates; carbon; diet; entomology; fat body; isotope labeling; larvae; lipids; migratory behavior; moths; nectar; stable isotopes; temporal variation
Abstract:
... Stable isotope measurements of insect tissues can be used to determine origin and migratory patterns. The isotopic links between diet and stored lipids in laboratory reared true armyworm moths (Mythimna unipuncta, Haw.) were investigated using δ¹³C and δ²H measurements. Newly emerged moths were fed synthetic nectars, consisting of different carbohydrate and water sources that were isotopically dis ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12343

34. Transfer, subsequent movement, and fate of sperm in the tobacco hornworm moth, Manduca sexta

Author:
Nancy L. Hague; Janis L. Dickinson; Julian G. Shepherd
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.3-4 pp. 218-229
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Manduca sexta; copulation; entomology; females; males; mechanics; moths; spermatheca; spermatophores; spermatozoa; travel
Abstract:
... During mating in the Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies), sperm are passed to the female via a copulation in which the male transfers a large and often complex spermatophore over the major part of an hour or more. Subsequently, over the course of an hour or often considerably more, the sperm exit the spermatophore and travel over a relatively complex route to the spermatheca, where the sperm are s ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12361

35. A study on lethal doses of various pesticides on honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) – a laboratory trial

Author:
Mahnoor Pervez; Farkhanda Manzoor
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 34-44
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Apis mellifera; acetylcholinesterase; bioassays; carbaryl; chlorpyrifos; digestive system; entomology; histology; honey bees; imidacloprid; laboratory experimentation; lethal concentration 50; mortality; pesticide application; protein content; spectrophotometers; toxicity; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Exposure of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) to pesticides disturbed normal physiological and behavioral functions required for normal foraging and colony maintenance. The present study was aimed towards establishing the mean lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of three pesticides viz. carbamate (carbaryl), organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) and neonicotinoid (imidacloprid) in honeybees through feeding bioassay l ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12338

36. Adult feeding and host type modulate the life history traits of the capital breeder Zabrotes subfasciatus

Author:
Cindi P. Corrêa; Bianca C. Capizzani; Luiz A. Beijo; Paulo M. de Ávila; Isabel Ribeiro do Valle Teixeira; Angel R. Barchuk
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.2-3 pp. 120-128
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Curculionidae; Phaseolus vulgaris; Vicia faba; Vigna unguiculata; Zabrotes subfasciatus; adulthood; adults; capital; energy; entomology; income; ingestion; larvae; life history; longevity; oviposition; sugars; yeasts
Abstract:
... Income breeding animals support reproduction by the intake of energy and molecular building blocks during adulthood. Capital breeders, in contrast, fuel reproduction by the intake of materials during the larval stage. There exists, however, some controversy as to whether adult feeding in capital breeders actually increases fitness. We tested whether individuals feed as adults in the weevil Zabrote ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12329

37. Brown planthopper infestations alter sugar metabolism in the rice plant as well as brown planthopper

Author:
Yong‐Kang Liu; Wen‐Xuan Xu; Jing‐Jing Xu; Si‐Rui Zheng; Jia‐Jie Yan; Yu‐Tong Ding; Bo Shen; Bin Tang
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 167-178
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Nilaparvata lugens; alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming); carbohydrate metabolism; entomology; glucose; glycogen; instars; rice; starch; trehalase; trehalose; China
Abstract:
... Carbohydrate plays an important role in rice resistance or tolerance to pests, and also affects the continuous feeding of brown planthoppers (BPHs) on rice. However, the change in the sugar metabolism of BPH and rice plant after BPH infestation is not well studied. In this study, the rice variety Taichung Native 1 (TN1) was taken as a control group, and four kinds of common rice varieties in Zheji ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12356

38. Caste‐biased locomotor activities in isolated termites

Author:
Hiroyuki Shimoji; Nobuaki Mizumoto; Kohei Oguchi; Shigeto Dobata
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 50-59
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Hodotermopsis sjostedti; labor; locomotion; morphometry; multivariate analysis; reproductives; social behavior; social insects
Abstract:
... Eusocial insects are characterized by a well‐developed division of labour among castes. Although the successful division of labour should stem from behavioural differentiation depending on caste identity, caste‐specific intrinsic behavioural characteristics might be masked by social interactions within colonies. The present study explores caste‐specific intrinsic locomotive activities of termites ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12315

39. Comparison of the organic compounds composition of Hylobius abietis males and females before and after exposure to Beauveria bassiana infection

Author:
Marek Gołębiowski; Aleksandra Bojke; Cezary Tkaczuk; Anna Majchrowska‐Safaryan; Piotr Stepnowski
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 81-88
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Beauveria bassiana; Hylobius abietis; alcohols; amino acids; fatty acid methyl esters; fatty acids; females; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; insects; lipid composition; males
Abstract:
... In the present study, the lipid composition from male and female Hylobius abietis is analyzed pre‐ and post‐infection with Beauveria bassiana. The compounds are analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. In the lipids of males and females fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters, alcohols, amino acids and other organic compounds are identified. The lipids of males and females after B. bassiana ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12318

40. Desiccation and temperature resistance of the larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae): pedestals for invasion success?

Author:
Reyard Mutamiswa; Honest Machekano; Charles Singano; Virgil Joseph; Frank Chidawanyika; Casper Nyamukondiwa
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.2 pp. 157-166
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Prostephanus truncatus; acclimation; climate; climate change; colonizing ability; entomology; heat; heat tolerance; insect pests; invasive species; pest management; temperature
Abstract:
... The larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) is an invasive insect pest species of global economic concern. It however remains unknown how P. truncatus succeeds under increasing temperatures and desiccation effects associated with projected climate change. Here, we investigated the effects of desiccation and high‐temperature stress on physiological fitness of P. truncatus larvae and adult ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12355

41. Diapause induction in Eotetranychus smithi (Acari: Tetranychidae): effect of average temperature, but not of thermoperiod

Author:
Yujiro Takano; Shin G. Goto; Tetsuo Gotoh
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 8-15
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Eotetranychus; diapause; eggs; entomology; females; temperature
Abstract:
... Facultative diapause of Eotetranychus smithi appears to occur at the egg stage and is induced by temperatures ≤17.5 °C, independent of photoperiod. However, the effect of thermoperiod on the induction of diapause remains unclear. To answer this question, we exposed female E. smithi to various thermoperiods under constant light conditions. First, we found that the deposition order of eggs affected ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12335

42. Dietary eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are linearly retained by common insect crop pests (cabbage looper and bertha armyworm) and alter insect biomass

Author:
Stefanie M. Colombo; Kruti Shukla; Lesley G. Campbell; Alina Tsimbaliouk; Michael T. Arts
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 38-49
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Mamestra configurata; Trichoplusia ni; adults; alpha-linolenic acid; aquatic ecosystems; biomass; crops; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; experimental diets; fatty acid composition; genetic engineering; herbivores; insect pests; linoleic acid; nutritional intervention; omega-3 fatty acids; plant pests; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... The long‐chain omega‐3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are prevalent in aquatic ecosystems and are not part of the natural diet of herbivorous, terrestrial insects, which generally consume alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LNA). However, recent advances in genetic engineering have lead to the development of terrestrial crops that express the novel ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12314

43. Effect of sex, age and morphological traits on tethered flight of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) at different temperatures

Author:
Louisa D. M. Makumbe; Thabang P. Moropa; Aruna Manrakhan; Christopher W. Weldon
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.2-3 pp. 110-119
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Bactrocera dorsalis; body weight; entomology; flight; fruits; pests; temperature; vegetable growing; Kenya
Abstract:
... The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a pest of fruit and vegetable production that has become established in 42 countries in Africa after its first detection in 2003 in Kenya. It is likely that this rapid expansion is partly due to the reported strong capacity for flight by the pest. This study investigated the tethered flight performance of B. dorsalis o ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12323

44. Effects of Pergularia tomentosa active fraction on the oogenesis of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria: ovarian biochemical composition, and effects on the ecdysteroid pathway

Author:
Meriam Miladi; Khemais Abdellaoui; Elisabeth Marchal; Cynthia Lenaerts; Amel Ben Hamouda; Meriem M'saad Guerfali; Monia Ben Halima Kamel; Jozef Vanden Broeck
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 70-81
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Pergularia; Schistocerca gregaria; adults; carbohydrates; chemical composition; chromatography; ecdysone receptor; ecdysteroids; entomology; fecundity; females; fractionation; hemolymph; mortality; oviposition; vitellogenesis
Abstract:
... Fractionation of the methanolic extract of Pergularia tomentosa, using column chromatography, resulted in the separation of 10 fractions and only the active one (that gave mortality >70%) was kept and denoted the active fraction (AFPt). Adult female Schistocerca gregaria were treated with two concentrations of AFPt, 0.24% and 0.96%, to investigate the effect on the female reproductive potential. B ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12346

45. Effects of temperature on the development and fecundity of Microplitis similis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
Si‐Jia Yi; Richard J. Hopkins; Xu‐Yang Chen; Zhuang‐Mei Chen; Xing Wang; Guo‐Hua Huang
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.2-3 pp. 95-102
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Microplitis; Spodoptera litura; adults; biological control agents; endoparasitoids; entomology; fecundity; heat sums; longevity; temperature
Abstract:
... Microplitis similis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a solitary endoparasitoid of Spodoptera litura larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Here, the effects of constant temperature (18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 °C) on the development and fecundity of M. similis developing in S. litura were studied in the laboratory to clarify the range of its potential distribution and better understand its potential as a ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12321

46. Insecticide susceptibility level and control failure likelihood estimation of Sub‐Saharan African populations of tomato leafminer: Evidence from Burkina Faso

Author:
Mathieu W. Sawadogo; Irénée Somda; Souleymane Nacro; Anne Legrève; François J. Verheggen
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.4 pp. 147-153
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Bacillus thuringiensis; Tuta absoluta; abamectin; acetamiprid; acute toxicity; chlorpyrifos; cypermethrin; deltamethrin; entomology; insecticide resistance; leafminers; lethal concentration 50; spinosad; Burkina Faso; Europe; Northern Africa; South America
Abstract:
... The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a leafminer species currently considered as one of the major pests of fresh tomatoes around the world. The species settled in north Africa in 2007, before being observed in the entire continent. Widespread insecticide use has led to the emergence of resistant populations in South America and Europe, but no large ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12332

47. Life history trait response to ambient temperature and food availability variations in the bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus

Author:
Cindi P. Corrêa; Sheila S. Parreiras; Luiz A. Beijo; Paulo M. de Ávila; Isabel R. V. Teixeira; Angel Roberto Barchuk
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.3-4 pp. 189-199
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Curculionidae; Zabrotes subfasciatus; adults; ambient temperature; diet; ectothermy; eggs; entomology; food availability; ingestion; life history; longevity; sugars
Abstract:
... Temperature is among the most influential factors in animal biology, and especially thermal fluctuations are key determinants of life history traits for ectothermic organisms. Diet characteristics add complexity to the effect of temperature on animals' life history traits. This is even more intricate in phytophagous insects that develop inside hosts. Here, using the seed beetle Zabrotes subfasciat ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12358

48. Lufenuron indirectly downregulates Vitellogenin in the boll weevil females reducing egg viability

Author:
Glaucilane S. Cruz; Valéria Wanderley‐Teixeira; José Dijair Antonino; Gabriel G. A. Gonçalves; Hilton N. Costa; Maria Clara N. Ferreira; Clovis L. Neto; Luiz C. Alves; Fábio André B. Santos; Álvaro A. C. Teixeira
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 24-33
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Anthonomus grandis grandis; Neotropics; RNA; adults; chitin; cotton; eggs; entomology; insect growth; insects; lufenuron; malnutrition; mechanism of action; nutrition; oocytes; peritrophic membrane; pests; reproduction; viability; vitellogenin; weight loss
Abstract:
... Lufenuron, a molecule that belongs to the chitin synthesis inhibitors group of insect growth regulators, has a still unclear mode of action, but probably it affects chitin synthesis at a post‐transcriptional level. In this work, we report the effects of lufenuron on nutrition and reproduction in adult females of Anthonomus grandis, the main neotropical cotton pest and tried to link the effects on ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12337

49. Nanoinjection of neurotransmitters into the prothoracic ganglion of female cricket Acheta domesticus changes phonotactic selectivity

Author:
Gordon Atkins; James Yoon; Kristin Lee; Rachel Koo; Kristin Chung; John Zdor; Darley Magno; Eun Byeol Cho; Cassie Kim; Daniel Gonzalez‐Socoloske; Benjamin Navia
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.4 pp. 131-139
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Acheta domesticus; antihistamines; chlorides; entomology; females; ganglia; histamine; juvenile hormones; neurotransmitters; octopamine; phonotaxis; serotonin
Abstract:
... The phonotactic response by female crickets is influenced by Juvenile Hormone III, which affects selectivity to the syllable period of the calling song. This pathway is influenced by an inhibitory input in the prothoracic ganglion, possibly chloride‐mediated inhibition. In order to identify potential neurotransmitters involved in such pathway, we performed nanoinjection of five neurotransmitters i ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12330

50. Quickie well done: no evidence of physiological costs in the development race of Lucilia sericata necrophagous larvae

Author:
Larissa Komo; Valéry Hedouin; Damien Charabidze
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 30-37
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Calliphora vicina; Lucilia sericata; adults; body size; carrion insects; ecosystems; insect larvae; insect physiology; instars; life history; models; predators; pupae; rearing; survival rate; temperature; Central European region
Abstract:
... The present study focuses on trade‐offs between the development rates and their life‐history traits of feeding larvae. Indeed, quick growth is considered to be vital for necrophagous insects such as larvae because they are part of a rapidly changing ecosystem and at the mercy of many predators. However, excessively quick growth can have a negative effect on other life‐history traits (e.g. survivor ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12313

51. Selective responses of Trissolcus basalis and Telenomus podisi to chemical footprints of preferred hosts

Author:
Ana Carolina Gomes Lagôa; Maria Carolina Blassioli Moraes; Miguel Borges; Raúl Alberto Laumann
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 60-71
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Dichelops melacanthus; Euschistus heros; Neotropics; Nezara viridula; Telenomus; Trissolcus basalis; eggs; females; flame ionization; forage; foraging; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; hexane; host seeking; hosts; insects; parasitoids; searching behavior
Abstract:
... Chemical trails of the hosts (footprints) are important cues for the host searching behaviour of egg parasitoids of the family Scelionidae. The present study aims to determine the influence of the footprints of three neotropical stink bugs (Euchistus heros, Dichelops melacanthus and Nezara viridula) on the foraging behaviour of two parasitoids, Trissolcus basalis and Telenomus podisi, as well as a ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12316

52. Suppression of autumnal sexual morph production in spring by a seasonal timer in an aphid

Author:
Naoki Matsuda; Takashi Kanbe; Jun Endo; Shin‐Ichi Akimoto; Hideharu Numata
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.2-3 pp. 103-109
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Acyrthosiphon pisum; autumn; cold; diapause; entomology; parthenogenesis; phenotypic plasticity; spring; summer
Abstract:
... Photoperiod is the major seasonal cue for phenotypic plasticity in the regulation of development and reproduction. Aphids have a peculiar mechanism in which sensitivity to the photoperiod is lost for a few months through successive generations after hatching from diapause eggs, and therefore, the mechanism responsible for the photorefractory period is termed “a seasonal timer”. However, whether th ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12322

53. Temperature‐ and food‐dependent foraging gene expression in foragers of the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Author:
Yangyang Zhou; Yanyuan Lei; Lihua Lu; Yurong He
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Solenopsis invicta; biotic factors; environmental factors; fire ants; food availability; foraging; gene expression; genes; habitats; models; polyphenism; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; temperature
Abstract:
... The behavioural plasticity and adaptability of some insects, allowing them to adapt to diverse habitats, is strongly associated with foraging genes (for). The role of the foraging gene is closely related to insect polyphenism and some abiotic and biotic factors. The red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) has successfully expanded its global range and is considered ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12304

54. Toxicity and biochemical effects of emamectin benzoate against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) alone and in combination with some conventional insecticides

Author:
Mohsen Taleh; Hooshang Rafiee Dastjerdi; Bahram Naseri; Asgar Ebadollahi; Aziz Sheikhi Garjan; Khalil Talebi Jahromi
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.3-4 pp. 210-217
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Tuta absoluta; acute toxicity; azadirachtin; entomology; esterases; exposure duration; imidacloprid; indoxacarb; lambda-cyhalothrin; potatoes; protein content; thiacloprid; tomatoes
Abstract:
... The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is one of the serious insect pests in tomato and potato farms. Along with acute toxicity, effects of emamectin benzoate alone and mixed with some conventional insecticides on esterase enzymes and the protein content of T. absoluta second‐instar larvae were assessed in the current study. After 72 h exposure time, emamectin benzoate had the most toxici ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12360

55. Toxicity effect of Silver Nanoparticles to the Haemocytes and Antioxidant activity of Silkworm Bombyx mori

Author:
Abir A. Gad
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.4 pp. 154-160
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Bombyx mori; antioxidant activity; antioxidant enzymes; catalase; decline; entomology; enzyme activity; granulocytes; hemocytes; larvae; nanosilver; protein content; silkworms; toxicity
Abstract:
... The present study investigates the effect of AgNPs on some biological parameters and total protein amount, antioxidant potential and catalase activity of silkworm Bombyx mori. Incorporation of AgNPs (100 μg mL–¹) in supplementary diets results in significant increases in the larval weight and the antioxidant potential but significantly decreases the catalase activity. The relative growth rate decr ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12333

56. A comparative protein profile of accessory glands of virgin and mated Leucinodes orbonalis males

Author:
Saraswathi Saraswathi; Chaitra Bodampalli Sarvesh; Tannavi Kiran; Mamtha Ravindran; Sowrabha Ramachandra; Karthik V. Rao; Manjulakumari Doddamane
Source:
Physiological entomology 2021 v.46 no.1 pp. 60-69
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Leucinodes orbonalis; databases; desorption; eggplants; entomology; females; hexamerins; ionization; lipids; males; pests; physiology; protein composition; proteolysis; proteomics; spectroscopy; spermatozoa; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
Abstract:
... Male accessory gland (MAG) secretory proteins affect female reproductive physiology and behaviour when they are delivered to the female at the time of mating along with sperm. In our study, proteomic approaches were used to identify MAG proteins of Leucinodes orbonalis, a monophagous and destructive pest of brinjal. A set of 117 and 186 MAG spots were observed in virgin and mated males, respective ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12345

57. A comparison of ten digestive enzymes reveals a lack of chitinase in a phasmid and the loss of two β‐glucanases in a mantid

Author:
Joseph Woodring
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 89-94
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Mantodea; aminopeptidases; beta-glucosidase; carnivores; cell walls; chitinase; developmental stages; diet; digestive enzymes; enzyme activity; herbivores; insects; midgut; molting; secretion
Abstract:
... In all developmental stages, the phasmid Peruphasma schultei (Conle & Hennemann, 2005) is an obligate herbivore, whereas the mantid Hierodula membranacea (Burmeister, 1838) is an obligatory carnivore. In P. schultei, the luminal activity of all enzymes is approxximately 50% in the crop and 50% in the midgut, which corresponds to the approximate 50 : 50 ratio of volumes of these two regions. These ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12319

58. Acoustic communication of the red‐haired bark beetle Hylurgus ligniperda

Author:
Carol L. Bedoya; Eckehard G. Brockerhoff; Michael Hayes; Stephen M. Pawson; Adriana Najar‐Rodriguez; Ximena J. Nelson
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 252-265
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Curculionidae; Hylurgus ligniperda; bark; bark beetles; bioacoustics; cluster analysis; females; indigenous species; males; sexual dimorphism
Abstract:
... Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are a speciose subfamily of weevils that primarily live in bark and consequently largely communicate using sound. Having colonized multiple countries outside its native range, Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabricius) is considered to be a successful invader, yet little is known about its acoustic communication. In the present study, we investigate indivi ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12301

59. Antennal sensitivity to female sex pheromone compounds of Spodoptera frugiperda males (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and associated field behaviour

Author:
Samuel Cruz‐Esteban
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.4 pp. 140-146
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Spodoptera frugiperda; acetates; corn; electroantennography; entomology; females; males; rice; sex pheromones; Mexico
Abstract:
... The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most important insect pests of corn, sorghum, rice, and grasses. The sex pheromone produced by S. frugiperda is composed of a mixture of esters. In this study, I determined the antennal responses of FAW males from 22 populations in Mexico to the components of the sex pheromone of this species: (Z)‐ ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12331

60. Characterization of novel β‐1,3‐glucan recognition proteins from a Tibetan Plateau ghost moth Thitarodes pui (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae)

Author:
Zixuan Sun; Wenjing Wu; Guren Zhang
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 20-32
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Beauveria bassiana; Thitarodes; amino acids; beta-glucans; binding capacity; clones; complementary DNA; curdlan; entomopathogenic fungi; fat body; gene expression; hemolymph; innate immunity; larvae; molecular weight; phylogeny; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; receptors; China
Abstract:
... β‐1,3‐glucan recognition proteins (βGRPs) function as pattern recognition receptors in the innate immune response against invading pathogens. In the present study, we obtain full‐length cDNA clones for two novel putative βGRPs: TpβGRPc and TpβGRPd from the ghost moth Thitarodes pui (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae). Phylogenetic analysis shows a small distinct lineage, βGRP clade 4, consisting of T. pui β ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12272

61. Cold hardiness in immature stages and adults in the adult‐diapausing spider mite Stigmaeopsis longus

Author:
Katsura Ito; Younghae Chae
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 11-19
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Sasa; Tetranychidae; adulthood; adults; arthropods; bamboos; cold; cold tolerance; diapause; eggs; females; host plants; immatures; males; nymphs; overwintering; survival rate; temperate zones; temperature; winter; Japan
Abstract:
... The cold hardiness of arthropods is an important characteristic associated with overwintering success. Cold‐tolerant stages affect overwintering strategy, especially in arthropods that continuously feed on evergreen host plants in temperate regions. However, cold hardiness to mildly low temperature is rarely investigated. In the present study, we estimate the stage‐specific cold hardiness of a pop ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12271

62. Costly parenting: physiological condition over time and season in males of the giant waterbug Abedus dilatatus

Author:
Roberto Munguía‐Steyer; Erik González‐García; Clara E. Castaños; Alex Córdoba‐Aguilar
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 236-244
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
arthropods; carbohydrate content; eggs; environmental factors; glycogen; lipid content; lipids; males; parents; progeny; summer; winter
Abstract:
... Parental care patterns increase offspring fitness but may drive energetic costs to parents. The costs associated with parental care can change over time, decreasing the condition of parents that experience prolonged parental care. Thus, males can modulate parental effort based in the relative fitness cost/benefit pay‐offs under different stages and environmental conditions. The present study asses ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12299

63. Effect of physiological factors on the flight ability of Calliptamus italicus L

Author:
Kai‐li Cao; Ji‐wei Mai; Qiong Liu; Jie Dou; Qiu‐Zhong Wen; Xiao Chen; Hong‐wei Xiao; Roman Jashenko; Rong Ji
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 230-235
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Calliptamus; energy; females; flight; glycogen; juvenile hormones; locusts; males; migratory behavior; ovarian development; steppes; triacylglycerols; Central Asia
Abstract:
... Calliptamus italicus L. is a major migratory pest that often causes serious agricultural losses in the desert/semi‐desert steppe of Central Asia. The present study aims to understand the physiological factors that affect migration of C. italicus by examining the relationships between flight capacity, energy accumulation, ovarian development and Juvenile hormone (JH) titre. The results show that fl ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12298

64. Effects of temperature and other environmental factors on the post‐diapause development of walnut husk fly Rhagoletis completa (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Author:
Sara E. Emery; Nicholas J. Mills
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 33-42
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Juglans hindsii; Juglans nigra; Rhagoletis completa; adults; ambient temperature; cold treatment; cultivars; diapause; females; heat sums; latitude; males; orchards; puparium; walnuts; California
Abstract:
... To more effectively manage walnut husk fly Rhagoletis completa (Diptera: Tephritidae), in California walnut orchards, it is important to understand the factors that affect the timing of adult emergence. In the present study, we examine the effects of incubation temperature, pre‐chill and chill durations, latitude, cultivar and size on the post‐diapause development of R. completa puparia. The lower ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12273

65. Energy use by the mountain pine beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) for dispersal by flight

Author:
Asha Wijerathna; Maya Evenden
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 200-208
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Curculionidae; Dendroctonus ponderosae; Pinus; carbohydrates; colorimetry; energy; females; flight; habitats; insect control; lipids; males; metabolites; pests; protein content; proteins; North America
Abstract:
... The mountain pine beetle Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins is a major native pest of Pinus Linnaeus (Pinaceae) in western North America. Host colonization by the mountain pine beetle is associated with an obligatory dispersal phase, during which beetles fly in search of a suitable host. Mountain pine beetles use stored energy from feeding in the natal habitat to power flight before host colonization ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12290

66. Healing while parasitized: impact of a naturally‐occurring nematode during energy‐intensive wound‐healing in a beetle

Author:
Andrew K. Davis; Lexi Calderon; Jake Lefeuvre; Stuart Sims; Jana Pearce; Cody Prouty
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 72-80
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Nematoda; Odontotaenius disjunctus; energy; energy requirements; hosts; insects; oxygen consumption; parasites; parasitism; pathogens; tissue repair
Abstract:
... The rigours of the daily lives of insects sometimes lead to minor injuries and wounds, which must be healed to avoid entry of pathogens and to resume normal function. Such healing requires energy, which must be diverted from other bodily reserves. What happens if energy reserves are already low, as would occur in individuals coping with internal parasites? This question is addressed in the presemt ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12317

67. Impacts of temperature on metabolic rates of adult Extatosoma tiaratum reared on different host plant species

Author:
Sarah J. Hill; Sarah C. Silcocks; Nigel R. Andrew
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 7-15
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Eucalyptus; Extatosoma tiaratum; Rubus plicatus; adulthood; diet; egg production; fecundity; females; host plants; imagos; insects; landscapes; leaves; longevity; males; metabolism; rearing; temperature; thermal stress
Abstract:
... Access to balanced nutrition enables optimum health and development, body repair, fat storage, increased fecundity and longevity. In the present study, we assessed the responses of a generalist leaf feeder (the phasmid Extatosoma tiaratum) reared continuously on one of three host plants, tree lucerne (Chamaecyisus palmensis), bramble (Rubus fruticosus) and Eucalyptus species, in a low fluctuating ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12310

68. Increased food utilization indices and decreased proteolytic activity in Helicoverpa armigera larvae fed sublethal Bacillus thuringiensis‐treated diet

Author:
Yaghoub Fathipour; Amin Sedaratian; Abdoolnabi Bagheri; Reza Talaei‐Hassanlouei
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 178-186
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; Helicoverpa armigera; artificial diets; bacteria; chymotrypsin; control methods; elastase; host plants; insect larvae; insect pests; nutrition assessment; proteolysis; toxicity; trypsin
Abstract:
... The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most devastating insect pests. A set of protease enzymes allows this species to feed on different host plant species. Control measures in agriculture often involve the application of the pathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk). In the present study, the effects of sublethal Btk doses are evaluated with respect to the ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12288

69. Influence of green light at night on Juvenile hormone in the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
Kil‐Nam Kim; Un‐Chol Sin; Yun‐Chol Jo; Zhi‐Juan Huang; Ali Hassan; Qiu‐Ying Huang; Chao‐Liang Lei
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 245-251
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Mythimna separata; exposure duration; females; green light; imagos; insect larvae; insect pests; juvenile hormones; males; moths; phototaxis; pupae; rearing; scotophase; wavelengths; East Asia
Abstract:
... The oriental armyworm Mythimna separata is an agricultural insect pest in Eastern Asia. Mythimna separata moths have a high phototactic response to green (520 nm) light. The biological characteristics of insects living under light of a specific wavelength at night can change and, accordingly, Juvenile hormone (JH) levels may be influenced by this light. The present study evaluates changes in the t ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12300

70. Male age affects female mating preference but not fitness in the monandrous moth Dendrolimus punctatus Walker (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)

Author:
Meng Lai; Shi‐Yu Zhang; Yan‐Fang Zhang; Xing‐Ping Liu
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 22-29
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Dendrolimus pini; Dendrolimus punctatus; egg production; eggs; hatching; longevity; males; mating behavior; moths; oviposition; polyandry; reproductive success; virgin females
Abstract:
... It is widely accepted that male age can influence female mating preference and subsequent fitness consequences in many polyandrous species, yet this is seldom investigated in monandrous species. In the present study, we use the monandrous pine moth Dendrolimus punctatus to examine the effects of male age on female mating preference and future reproductive potential. In multiple male trials, when p ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12312

71. Onset of seasonal metabolic depression in the Antarctic midge Belgica antarctica appears to be independent of environmental cues

Author:
Drew E. Spacht; J. D. Gantz; Richard E. Lee Jr; David L. Denlinger
Source:
Physiological entomology 2020 v.45 no.1 pp. 16-21
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
circadian clocks; cold treatment; latitude; midges; monitoring; oxygen consumption; photoperiod; seasonal variation; summer; temperature; winter; Antarctic region
Abstract:
... Seasonal progression is tracked in most animals by changes in daylength, thus allowing reliable synchrony with abundant food and favourable developmental conditions. In polar regions, daylength varies extensively, fluctuating at the highest latitudes from persistent light to persistent dark. The Antarctic midge Belgica antarctica has a narrow seasonal window in which to feed and develop, and previ ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12311

72. Purification of fat body glutathione S‐transferase from the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria: investigation of flavonoid inhibitory effects on enzyme activity

Author:
Ragaa R. Hamed; Tahany M. Maharem; Rasha A. Guneidy; Manal A. Emam; Ghada S. A. Abdel Karim
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 187-199
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza glabra; Hibiscus sabdariffa; Schistocerca gregaria; antioxidant enzymes; botanical insecticides; calyx; chemical control; chlorides; cyanidin; delphinidin; enzyme activity; fat body; foregut; glutathione; glutathione transferase; high performance liquid chromatography; hindgut; midgut; pH; polyphenols; quercetin; root extracts; roots; rutin; substrate specificity
Abstract:
... Focus on the development of botanical insecticides such as polyphenols may represent an alternative method to chemical control. In the present study, total glutathione concentration and its related antioxidant enzymes in foregut, midgut, hindgut and fat body homogenates of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria are examined. Glutathione S‐transferase (GST) activity exhibits a significantly higher ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12289

73. Roles of the circadian clock and endocrine regulator in the photoperiodic response of the brown‐winged green bug Plautia stali

Author:
Takaaki Tamai; Sakiko Shiga; Shin G. Goto
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 43-52
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Plautia stali; RNA interference; adults; biosynthesis; circadian clocks; corpora allata; females; insects; juvenile hormones; locomotion; messenger RNA; ovarian development; photoperiod; photoperiodism; regulator genes
Abstract:
... The physiological mechanisms underlying photoperiodism in insects have been studied extensively, although the associated molecular machinery remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigate the roles of the circadian clock gene cycle (cyc) and the endocrine regulator gene myoinhibitory peptide (Mip) in the photoperiodic response of the brown‐winged green bug Plautia stali Scott (Hemip ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12274

74. Termination of pupal diapause in the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa

Author:
Md Habibur R. Salman; Folco Giomi; Mathieu Laparie; Philipp Lehmann; Andrea Pitacco; Andrea Battisti
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 53-59
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Thaumetopoea pityocampa; behavior change; biochemical pathways; calorimetry; defoliating insects; diapause; ecophysiology; health hazards; models; oxygen; physiological regulation; population dynamics; pupae; thermocouples; univoltine habit; vertebrates; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Diapause development is a complex process involving several eco‐physiological phases. Understanding these phases, especially diapause termination, is vital for interpreting the life history of many insect species and for developing suitable predictive models of population dynamics. The pine processionary moth is a major defoliator of pine and a vertebrate health hazard in the Mediterranean region. ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12277

75. A cyanogenic glucoside of Trifolium repens deters oviposition by the common grass yellow Eurema mandarina

Author:
Toshiki Ohashi; Shinji Ohta; Hisashi Ômura
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 222-229
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Albizia julibrissin; Colias; Trifolium repens; chemical analysis; chloroform; chromatography; eggs; females; fractionation; glucosides; grasses; host preferences; host range; leaves; models; oviposition; oviposition deterrents; plant extracts; Japan
Abstract:
... The common grass yellow Eurema mandarina (Pieridae, Coliadinae) widely inhabits Japan, feeds on various fabaceous plants such as silktree (Albizia julibrissin) and uses d‐pinitol, a cyclitol omnipresent in Fabaceae, as a primary oviposition stimulant. However, E. mandarina has a clear host preference within the Fabaceae; for example, white clover (Trifolium repens) is a nonhost despite containing ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12296

76. Activity of a selective insecticide (methoxyfenozide) against two mosquito species (Culex pipiens and Culiseta longiareolata): toxicological, biometrical and biochemical study

Author:
Kaouther Hamaidia; Fouzia Tine‐Djebbar; Noureddine Soltani
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 315-323
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Culex pipiens; Culiseta; World Health Organization; adults; biometry; carbohydrates; insect growth; insecticidal properties; insecticides; laboratory experimentation; larvae; lethal concentration 50; lipids; methoxyfenozide; mosquito control; proteins; pupae; pupal development; toxicity
Abstract:
... Methoxyfenozide is an insect growth disruptor belonging to the class of nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists. In the present study, methoxyfenozide (23% emulsifiable concentrate) is evaluated against newly molted fourth‐instar larvae of Culex pipiens L. and Culiseta longiareolata Macquart (Diptera: Culicidae), aiming to investigate its possible effects on growth and development. Larvae are exposed for 2 ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12261

77. Antennal olfactory sensory neurones responsive to host and nonhost plant volatiles in gorse pod moth Cydia succedana

Author:
Kye Chung Park; Jung‐Ah Lee; David M. Suckling
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.2 pp. 86-99
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Cydia; Ulex europaeus; acetates; citral; females; geraniol; host plants; males; moths; myrcene; pheromones; sensilla; sensory neurons
Abstract:
... We investigate the response profiles of the antennal olfactory sensory neurones (OSNs) in male and female gorse pod moth Cydia succedana to host and nonhost volatiles, using the single sensillum recording technique. Eight different classes of olfactory sensilla are identified in female C. succedana and five different classes of olfactory sensilla in males. Nineteen different classes of OSNs are id ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12234

78. Behavioural response of Lucilia sericata to a decaying body infested by necrophagous insects

Author:
Clément Martin; François Verheggen
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 188-195
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Dermestes; Lucilia sericata; adults; bioassays; carrion insects; larvae; odors; predators; rats; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Numerous insect species are necrophagous, with Dipterans and Coleopterans being the most abundant on a corpse. Whether the presence of necrophageous species on a corpse affects the attraction of adult blowflies to the corpse is sparsely studied. We test the hypothesis that Lucilia sericata can discriminate the odour of a noncolonized cadaver from the odour of a cadaver on which conspecific and/or ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12244

79. Behavioural responses to dimethyl disulphide by Aleochara bilineata and Aleochara bipustulata

Author:
Jing Du; Lars D. Andreassen; Neil J. Holliday
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.1 pp. 20-29
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Aleochara bilineata; Delia radicum; adults; air; biological control; eggs; females; host preferences; immatures; larvae; males; mortality; nontarget organisms; olfactometers; parasitism; parasitoids; pitfall traps; pupae; puparium; roots; sulfides; Canada
Abstract:
... Adult Aleochara bipustulata L. and Aleochara bilineata Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) are predatory on immature stages of cabbage root fly Delia radicum (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). Larvae of the two Aleochara are parasitoids of D. radicum pupae. Female Aleochara lay eggs near D. radicum puparia; the newly‐hatched Aleochara larvae enter puparia and consume the contents. Delia radicum‐infes ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12221

80. Consequences of diapause on post‐diapause development, reproductive physiology and population growth of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)

Author:
Mukesh K. Dhillon; Fazil Hasan
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 196-206
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Chilo partellus; adults; diapause; diet; eggs; estivation; fecundity; females; hibernation; larvae; longevity; males; ova; population growth; pupae; pupation; relative humidity; reproductive performance; spermatophores; spermatozoa; viability
Abstract:
... We investigate the effects of diapause on post‐diapause development, reproductive physiology and population growth of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Crambidae: Lepidoptera). Aestivating and hibernating larvae of C. partellus are exposed to diapause terminating conditions (consisting of an LD 12 : 12 h photocycle at 27 ± 1 °C and 65 ± 5% relative humidity with a fresh diet) to terminate the diapause an ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12243

81. Cultivar‐specific plant odour preferences of a generalist aphid parasitoid Aphidius colemani and a possible mechanism for maternal priming of resistance to toxic plant chemistry

Author:
Helmut F. van Emden; Panagiotis Vamvatsikos; Jim Hardie
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Aphidius colemani; Brussels sprouts; Myzus persicae; adults; air; artificial diets; cabbage; cultivars; eggs; enzymes; faba beans; glucosinolates; hosts; humidity; leaves; odors; olfactometers; oviposition; parasitoids; plant biochemistry; poisonous plants; pupae; rearing; toxins
Abstract:
... Aphidius colemani Viereck, emerging from Myzus persicae (Sulzer) mummies on the Brussels sprout cultivar ‘Bedford Winter Harvest’ (BWH), responds positively in the olfactometer to the odour of that cultivar in comparison with air. Responses to the odours of other sprout cultivars, cabbage and broad bean could be explained by the humidity from plant leaves. In a choice between BWH and other sprout ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12270

82. Dependence of phase setting on the amplitude of square‐wave and pseudo‐sinusoidal temperature cycles in the circadian eclosion rhythm of the onion fly Delia antiqua

Author:
Yosuke Miyazaki; Kazuhiro Tanaka; Yasuhiko Watari
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 346-354
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Delia antiqua; circadian rhythm; eclosion; laboratory experimentation; onions; pupae; soil depth; temperature
Abstract:
... With increasing soil depth, the diel temperature amplitude gradually decreases and the phase of the temperature cycle is delayed. The onion fly Delia antiqua (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), which pupates at a soil depth of 2–20 cm, advances the eclosion phase of its circadian rhythm as the temperature amplitude decreases. This ‘temperature amplitude response’ is considered to allow pupae located ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12264

83. Effect of silencing a boule homologue on the survival and reproduction of Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri

Author:
Xiudao Yu; Nabil Killiny
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 268-275
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Citrus; Diaphorina citri; RNA interference; adults; bioassays; eggs; gene expression; genes; gonads; greening disease; male fertility; males; meiosis; mortality; nutritional support; nymphs; pathogens; pests; progeny; proteins; somatic cells; spermatogenesis
Abstract:
... The fertility gene boule is conserved in most organisms and deletion of boule is found to block meiosis during spermatogenesis, which contributes to male infertility. The biological role of boule in Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri, currently the most serious citrus pest and the vector of huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen, remains poorly understood. In the present study, a boule homologue in Diaph ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12256
CHORUS:
10.1111/phen.12256
Chorus Open Access:
10.1111/phen.12256

84. Effects of sucrose supplementation and generation on life‐history traits of Bracon cephi and Bracon lissogaster, parasitoids of the wheat stem sawfly

Author:
Dayane A. Reis; Megan L. Hofland; Robert K. D. Peterson; David K. Weaver
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 266-274
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Bracon; Cephus cinctus; adults; biological control agents; body size; eggs; females; insect larvae; life history; longevity; nutrient requirements; overwintering; parasitoids; reproductive success; sucrose; sugar feeding; summer; sympatry; wheat; Great Plains region; North America
Abstract:
... Knowledge of the life‐history traits that influence the reproductive success of parasitoids could provide useful information to enhance their effectiveness as biological control agents. The wheat stem sawfly Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) is a major pest of wheat in the Northern Great Plains of North America. The bivoltine, sympatric and specialist parasitoids Bracon cephi (Gahan) a ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12303

85. Histology of the spermateca and stored sperm of Tenuisvalvae notata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Author:
Amanda C. Túler; Christian S. A. Silva‐Torres; Valéria W. Teixeira; Alvaro A. C. Teixeira; Carolina A. Guedes; Carolline G. D'Assunção; Fábio A. Brayner; Luiz C. Alves
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 180-187
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Coccinellidae; adults; histology; light microscopy; polygamy; reproductive performance; secretion; spermatheca; spermatozoa; virgin females
Abstract:
... The predatory ladybird beetle Tenuisvalvae notata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (Mulsant) is a polygamous species and its morphology, as well as the storage capacity of seminal fluid in the spermatheca, may affect its reproductive performance. Thus, the present study evaluates the spermatheca morphology of virgin and mated T. notata females using light and scanning microscopy. The results show that ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12242

86. Life‐history and demographic traits of the marula fruit fly Ceratitis cosyra: potential consequences of host specialization

Author:
Petrus D. Roets; Henrika Bosua; C. Ruth Archer; Christopher W. Weldon
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 259-267
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Ceratitis cosyra; Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra; asymmetry; copulation; courtship; egg production; eggs; evolution; fecundity; females; fruit flies; life history; longevity; males; reproductive success; spermatozoa
Abstract:
... Life‐history strategies are diverse both across and within species, although the factors shaping this diversity are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigate the life‐history strategies of the marula fruit fly Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and how they differ between the sexes. We measure lifespan and age‐dependent reproductive effort in both sexes. In females, ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12255

87. Life‐history changes in the cold tolerance of the two‐spot spider mite Tetranychus urticae: applications in pest control and establishment risk assessment

Author:
Nicola White; Jeffrey S. Bale; Scott A. L. Hayward
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 334-345
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Tetranychus urticae; arthropods; cold; cold tolerance; diapause; females; field experimentation; juveniles; life history; males; models; mortality; overwintering; pest control; pests; prediction; risk assessment; supercooling; supercooling point
Abstract:
... Lethal time₅₀ (LTime₅₀) and lethal temp (LTemp₅₀) are commonly used laboratory indices of arthropod cold tolerance, with the former often being employed to predict winter survival in the field. In the present study, we compare the cold tolerance of different life‐history stages (nondiapausing and diapausing females, as well as males and juveniles) of a major agricultural pest: the two‐spot spider ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12262
PubMed:
30546196
PubMed Central:
PMC6282520

88. Little effect of delayed mating on fecundity or fertility of female fungus gnats Lycoriella ingenua

Author:
Kevin R. Cloonan; Stefanos S. Andreadis; Thomas C. Baker
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.1 pp. 60-64
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Lycoriella; eggs; fecundity; female fertility; females; fungus gnats; larvae; males; mushrooms; viability
Abstract:
... The effect of delayed female mating for the mushroom fungus gnat Lycoriella ingenua is investigated. We examine the effect of delaying female mating on the fertility and egg viability of female flies that have a mating delay of 0–5 days after emergence. Male fly age is held constant. Female age does not impact male acceptance and most flies copulate within seconds of pairing. We find that female f ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12276
CHORUS:
10.1111/phen.12276

89. Ontogeny of protein concentration, haemocyte concentration and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli in haemolymph of the invasive harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Author:
Michal Řeřicha; Pavel Dobeš; Pavel Hyršl; Michal Knapp
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.1 pp. 51-59
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Culicidae; Escherichia coli; Harmonia axyridis; adults; antimicrobial properties; bees; fruit flies; hemocytes; immune system; invasive species; larvae; larval development; life history; longevity; ontogeny; prepupae
Abstract:
... The harlequin ladybird is considered to be one of the most successful invasive insect species. Among other traits, its invasive success is considered to be caused by a powerful immune system. In the present study, we investigate the ontogenetic profile of protein concentration, concentration of circulating haemocytes and constitutive antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli in Harmonia axyr ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12224

90. Ontogeny, sex and adult tissues influence activities of detoxification enzymes in the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman)

Author:
Adekunle W. Adesanya; David W. Held; Nannan Liu
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 306-314
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Popillia japonica; adults; carboxylesterase; catalytic activity; cytochrome P-450; ecology; eggs; enzyme activity; females; food deprivation; glutathione transferase; insect physiology; insects; larvae; males; metabolism; midgut; models; ontogeny; pests; starvation; tissues; xenobiotics
Abstract:
... The detoxification enzymes superfamilies of cytochrome P450 (P450), glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and carboxylesterase (CoE) play important roles in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous substrates. Despite their importance in insect physiology and ecology, the relative activities of these enzyme systems among developmental stages, sexes and tissues of insect species have not been studied ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12260

91. Physiological and biochemical effects of Olea europaea leaf extracts from four phenological growth stages on the oogenesis of female locust Locusta migratoria

Author:
Khemais Abdellaoui; Meriem Hazzoug; Olfa Boussadia; Meriam Miladi; Ghofrane Omri; Fatma Acheuk; Monia Ben Halima‐Kamel; Mohamed Brahem
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.2 pp. 129-139
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Locusta migratoria; Olea europaea; adults; adverse effects; buds; carbohydrates; chemical composition; endocarp; fecundity; females; flowering; hemolymph; histology; leaf extracts; leaves; lipids; metabolites; olives; oocytes; ovarian development; phenology; polyphenols; proteins; vitellogenesis
Abstract:
... The effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) are studied on several reproductive variables and the ovarian biochemical composition of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) adult females. The methanolic extracts are prepared from the leaves sampled during four phenological growth stages of olive tree: cluster formation (Cf), swelling inflorescence buds (Sib), full flowering (Ff) and endocarp harden ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12237

92. Prey detection in antlions: propagation of vibrational signals deep into the sand

Author:
Jan Podlesnik; Vesna Klokočovnik; Vincent Lorent; Dušan Devetak
Source:
Physiological entomology 2019 v.44 no.3-4 pp. 215-221
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Myrmeleontidae; insect larvae; insects; particle size; predators; sand
Abstract:
... Trap‐building antlion larvae detect their prey according to the substrate vibrations produced during movement of the prey on the sand surface. Although most studies are devoted to surface vibrational waves, in the present study, we determine the role of vibrations travelling through deeper sand layers. A behavioural experiment confirms that vibrational stimuli from prey insects on the surface of t ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12295

93. Proteomic profile of aphids exposed to wheat with different contents of benzoxazinoids

Author:
Joceline Barrios‐Sanmartín; Emilie Bosquée; María E. Rubio‐Meléndez; Claudio C. Ramírez; Frédéric Francis
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.1 pp. 69-76
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Sitobion avenae; benzoxazinoids; cultivars; cytoskeleton; dimboa; genotype; homeostasis; hydroxamic acids; metabolism; proteins; proteome; rearing; toxic substances; wheat
Abstract:
... Benzoxazinoids are key defence chemicals in cereals that are known to affect several aspects of aphid biology. However, little is known about how they affect aphid physiology. In the present study, we report changes in the whole‐body proteomic profiles of a 2,4‐dihydroxy‐7‐methoxy‐1,4‐benzoxazin‐3‐one (DIMBOA)‐susceptible genotype of the grain aphid Sitobion avenae (F.) after being exposed to whea ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12230

94. Research progress on the immune mechanism of the silkworm Bombyx mori

Author:
Yanhua Yang; Hanhan Tang; Yuanyuan Zhang; Feifei Zhu; Peng Lü; Qin Yao; Keping Chen
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 159-168
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Bombyx mori; antimicrobial peptides; apoptosis; cell-mediated immunity; hemocytes; immune system; innate immunity; insect immunity; lectins; melanization; microorganisms; models; monophenol monooxygenase; pathogens; silkworms
Abstract:
... The silkworm Bombyx mori L., representing an important economic insect and one of the best models for studying insect immunity, possesses an efficient and sophisticated innate immune system against invasive microorganisms. The innate immune system basically includes humoural immunity and cellular immunity. The humoural immunity, which functions via molecules including humoural factors, lysozymes, ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12241

95. Roles of transient receptor potential channels in eclosion and movement in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum

Author:
Hong Geun Kim; David C. Margolies; Yoonseong Park
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.2 pp. 79-85
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Drosophila melanogaster; RNA interference; Tribolium castaneum; adults; death; double-stranded RNA; eclosion; elytra; femur; legs; mortality; phylogeny; receptors; sclerotization; tibia; transient receptor potential channels; walking
Abstract:
... Transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) are a family of cation channels involved in various sensory mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster, including mechanosensing. Phylogenetic analysis of mechanosensory TRPs in seven members of the TRPV, TRPN and TRPA subfamilies reveals a unique TcTrpA5 in Tribolium castaneum that is likely lost in D. melanogaster. Because mechanosensors are implicated in ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12232

96. Social aggregation of the marine isopod Cirolana harfordi does not rely on the availability of light‐reducing shelters

Author:
Umme Salma; Murray Thomson
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.1 pp. 60-68
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Isopoda; aggregation behavior; animals; insects; phototaxis; predators
Abstract:
... Social aggregation under shelters can afford benefits to animals such as protection from predators. Many isopods and insects are negatively phototactic and this may help them gravitate towards shelter. Previous studies show that, when placed in an arena with two red shelters, specimens of the marine isopod Cirolana harfordi and the terrestrial isopod Porcelio scaber pick one of the two shelters at ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12229

97. Variability in metabolic rate and gas exchange patterns of the Colorado potato beetle of winter and prolonged diapauses

Author:
Angela Ploomi; Aare Kuusik; Katrin Jõgar; Luule Metspalu; Külli Hiiesaar; Reet Karise; Ingrid H. Williams; Ivar Sibul; Marika Mänd
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 251-258
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; breathing; burrowing; carbon dioxide; diapause; gas exchange; metabolism; overwintering; soil; winter
Abstract:
... We compare standard metabolic rate (VCO₂) and gas exchange patterns in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) in winter diapause (i.e. lasting only one overwintering period) with those of beetles in prolonged diapause (i.e. diapause lasting 2 or 3 years). The length of diapause is estimated by the behaviour of the beetles: burrowing into soil as a sign of the beginning of diapa ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12254

98. Why are males more attractive after brood care? Proximate causes of enhanced sex pheromone emission in a burying beetle

Author:
Johanna Chemnitz; Ina S. Fujan; Carola Winkelmann; Sandra Steiger
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.2 pp. 120-128
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Nicrophorus vespilloides; biochemical pathways; body weight; brood rearing; dead animals; energy; females; males; nutritional adequacy; sex pheromones; symbionts; vertebrates
Abstract:
... Recent studies demonstrate that pheromones can be costly to produce and emit and, therefore, the types and quantities that they express are likely to covary with individual condition. Previous experiments reveal that, when given the opportunity to breed and care for young, male burying beetles Nicrophorus vespilloides go on to produce a higher amount of their sex pheromone and attract more females ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12236

99. Wolbachia affects survival to different oxidative stressors dependent upon the genetic background in Drosophila melanogaster

Author:
Florian Capobianco III; Seanmichael Nandkumar; Joel D. Parker
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.3 pp. 239-244
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Drosophila melanogaster; Wolbachia; arginine; bacteria; endosymbionts; free radicals; genetic background; genetic lines; insects; longevity; oxidative stress; paraquat
Abstract:
... It is well known that the rate of ageing varies among individuals dependent on the genetic background. In the present study, we explore how Wolbachia infection (a common insect endosymbiont bacterium) and oxidative stress interact in ageing with respect to two different genetic backgrounds of Drosophila melanogaster. Naturally infected and cured lines of Drosophila are challenged with either paraq ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12252

100. cryptochrome genes mediate photoperiodic responses in the cricket Modicogryllus siamensis

Author:
Haruki Ueda; Saori Tamaki; Taiki Miki; Outa Uryu; Yuichi Kamae; Motoki Nose; Tsugumichi Shinohara; Kenji Tomioka
Source:
Physiological entomology 2018 v.43 no.4 pp. 285-294
ISSN:
0307-6962
Subject:
Drosophila; Gryllidae; RNA interference; adults; cryptochromes; diapause; gene expression; genes; hatching; insects; mammals; molting; nymphs; photoperiod; temperate zones; winter
Abstract:
... Diapause is a strategy used by many insects living in temperate zones to survive the winter. The most reliable environmental cue to induce diapause is photoperiod, for which day or night length is measured by a mechanism called the photoperiodic clock. Despite several studies in insects, the photoperiodic mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we show that cryptochromes (crys) mediate ph ...
DOI:
10.1111/phen.12258