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... AIMS: Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is highly tolerant to Al stress, but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate a half-type ABC transporter gene (FeSTAR1) with respect to Al tolerance. METHODS: The expression of FeSTAR1 was examined and complementation test in atstar1 mutant was conducted. Furthermore, Al distribution and cell wall polysaccharides conten ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: My previous experimental findings suggested that phosphorus (P) enhances aluminium (Al) tolerance in both Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive wheat seedlings. However, the role of P in the amelioration of Al toxicity within plant tissue is still unclear. Therefore, a soil culture horizontal split-root system was used to quantify whether or not translocated P alleviates Al toxicity wi ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Although aluminum (Al) exclusion via root exudation of organic matters is a common resistance mechanism adopted by many plant species, whether root exudation of benzoxazinoids, such as hydroxamic acids (HAs), confers Al resistance remains unclear. METHODS: We performed physiological characterization for an Al-resistant maize cultivar TY and a sensitive maize cultivar ZD. RESUL ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In anticipation of global climate change, the question of whether shifts in plant community composition (beta-diversity) are predictable from environmental variation is receiving considerable interest. Species strongly associated with local soil environments may be more vulnerable to climate change than species with a broad tolerance of soil conditions. Here we investigate rel ...
Filip Pošćić; Mirella Žanetić; Željka Fiket; Martina Furdek Turk; Nevenka Mikac; Niko Bačić; Mavro Lučić; Marija Romić; Helena Bakić; Maja Jukić Špika; Branimir Urlić; Marko Runjić; Gabriela Vuletin Selak; Elda Vitanović; Tatjana Klepo; Jakša Rošin; Zed Rengel; Slavko Perica
... AIMS: A potential of rare earth elements (including yttrium) (REY) accumulation in olives is increasing due to enhanced use of REY in human activities. REY transfer to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is little studied, and characterising the relationships between soil properties and REY concentrations in olive leaves, pomace and EVOO can enhance our understanding of soil-plant interactions. METHODS: ...
... Variations in genotype rankings among screenings for Al tolerance in hydroponics may be related to differences in the composition of the solutions. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of Mg ions in modifying Al rhizotoxicity in soybeans. Root elongation was strongly inhibited by Al in a simple, 800 micromolars CaSO4 solution, but elongation increased noticeably when the solutions ...
... BACKGROUND: Most studies focus on macronutrient of C, N and P and ignore other elements, which restrict our understanding on the strategy of plant nutrient adaption and nutrient cycling. METHODS: We investigated 14 element (C, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Na, Al, and Ba) concentrations of green and senesced leaves in Quercus variabilis along the altitude in the Baotianman Mountains, China, ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Tea is a strong accumulator of both aluminium (Al) and fluoride (F). We tested the hypothesis that Al helps detoxify F in tea plants by forming Al-F complexes. METHODS: Tea plants were grown hydroponically with a range of Al and F concentrations and in a soil pot experiment with amendments of NaF and acids. Growth and the uptake of F and Al were determined. Chemical species of ...
... AIM: Highly alkaline soils (pH > 9.0) may adversely affect agricultural crop productivity. Problems encountered include poor structure and nutrient deficiency. Research based on solution cultures suggests that aluminium (Al) phytotoxicity may occur in soils with pH > 9.0, but little research has been undertaken on actual soils under controlled conditions. The nature of the Al species responsible a ...
... To elucidate the mechanism of the high aluminum (Al) resistance of a Myrtaceae tree, Melaleuca cajuputi Powell, we investigated the responses of root tips to Al and compared them with those of an Al-sensitive species, M. bracteata F. Muell. Roots of seedlings of both species were treated with a calcium solution (pH 4.0) containing 0 or 1 mM AlCl₃. After 3 h of Al treatment, inhibition of root elon ...
... AIMS: The aims of this work were to investigate the aluminum (Al) and phosphate (P) interactions in the regulation of root system architecture of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and the contribution of auxin signaling in primary and lateral root growth in response to Al toxicity. METHODS: Detailed analyses of root system architecture and cell division were performed in Arabidopsis WT seedlings and ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Enhanced aluminum (Al) resistance has been observed in dicots over-expressing enzymes involved in organic acid synthesis; however, this approach for improving Al resistance has not been investigated in monocots. Among the cereals, oat (Avena sativa L.) is considered to be Al resistant, but the basis of resistance is not known. METHODS: A hydroponic assay and hematoxylin staini ...
... AIMS: Aluminum-tolerant wheat plants often produce more root exudates such as malate and phosphate than aluminum-sensitive ones under aluminum (Al) stress, which provides environmental differences for microorganism growth in their rhizosphere soils. This study investigated whether soil bacterial community composition and abundance can be affected by wheat plants with different Al tolerance. METHOD ...
... AIMS: We determined the reasons why in nutrient solution increasing Al concentrations >300 μ M inhibited shoot biomass production of Cedrela odorata L., Heliocarpus americanus L., and Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G. Nicholson while 300 μ M Al stimulated root biomass production of Tabebuia chrysantha. METHODS: Nutrient concentrations in plant tissue after a hydroponic growth experiment were determin ...
... AIMS: In acid tropical forest soils (pH <5.5) increased mobility of aluminum might limit aboveground productivity. Therefore, we evaluated Al phytotoxicity of three native tree species of tropical montane forests in southern Ecuador. METHODS: An hydroponic dose-response experiment was conducted. Seedlings of Cedrela odorata L., Heliocarpus americanus L., and Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G. Nicholso ...
... AIMS: Cerrado woody species are divided into a small group of aluminum (Al)-accumulating species and the rest of the woody species. Both groups grow well on acidic and Al-rich soils. We found a Cerrado remnant growing on a calcareous soil with high calcium (Ca) and low Al saturations (m%). We checked whether Al deposition differs between leaf veins and leaf blade, and predicted that plants grown o ...
... The effects of AlCl₃ on growth and polyamine levels of rice roots were investigated. When rice roots were treated with AlCl₃, root growth was markedly inhibited. AlCl₃ treatment resulted in a higher putrescine content and lower spermidine and spermine contents in rice roots. d-Argnine and α-methylornithine, inhibitors of putrescine biosynthesis, caused a reduced content of putrescine in rice roots ...
... Decreases in nutrient availability after loss of soil-water saturation are significant constraints to productivity in lowland rainfed rice soils. The effectiveness of soil amendments like lime and straw in ameliorating these constraints are poorly understood. This pot experiment was conducted in Cambodia to investigate changes in soil chemical properties and nutrient uptake by rice after applying ...
... Al stress and ammonium-nitrogen nutrition often coexist in acidic soils due to their low pH and weak nitrification ability. Rice is the most Al-resistant species among small grain cereal crops and prefers NH₄ ⁺ as its major inorganic nitrogen source. This study investigates the effects of NH₄ ⁺ and NO₃ ⁻ on Al toxicity and Al accumulation in rice, and thereby associates rice Al resistance with its ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Jasmonate (JA) and ethylene are involved in the regulation of the aluminum (Al)-induced growth inhibition. Although it has been reported that JA enhances Al-induced root-growth inhibition, its role in the regulation of growth interplaying with ethylene is still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the effect of apple MdMYC2 transcription ...
... AIMS: Aluminium toxicity in acidic soils adversely affects wheat growth. Foliar-applied magnesium (Mg) contributes to mitigating soil acidity stress in wheat, but the mechanisms are unknown. This study explored the mechanism of foliar-Mg mediated enhancement of wheat growth in acidic soil. METHODS: Two contrasting near-isogenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes differing in Al resistance (Al- ...
... Subsoil acidity occurs in many agricultural lands in the world, and is considered to be an irreversible constraint due to amelioration difficulties. This field study aimed to develop a biological method to ameliorate subsoil acidity through the root-induced alkalisation resulting from nitrate uptake. Aluminium (Al)-tolerant wheat variety Diamondbird and Al-sensitive variety Janz (Triticum aestivum ...
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Trifolium subterraneum is a legume species which is valuable for feeding livestock and frequently used as a forage crop in countries with temperate or Mediterranean-like climates. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of six leaf fungal endophytes on biomass production, nutritive value and mineral status of T. subterraneum forage. METHODS: Plants were inoculat ...
manganese; enzymes; soil depth; field experimentation; forests; longevity; soil solution; Picea abies; climate; calcium chloride; base saturation; autumn; mineral soils; calcium; potassium; humus; biomass; lignin; liming; root systems; acid soils; seepage; fine roots; magnesium; aluminum; pH; Germany
Abstract:
... Fine root systems may respond to soil chemical conditions, but contrasting results have been obtained from field studies in non-manipulated forests with distinct soil chemical properties. We investigated biomass, necromass, live/dead ratios, morphology and nutrient concentrations of fine roots (<2 mm) in four mature Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stands of south-east Germany, encompassing ...
... One important target of boron (B) deficiency and aluminum (Al) toxicity is cell wall. Thus we studied the hypothesis that B is capable of alleviating Al toxicity in pea (Pisum sativum). Short-term and prolonged Al exposure to pea roots at different B levels was carried out on uniform seedlings pre-cultured at a low B level. When seedlings with a low B level were supplied with or without B for 1 an ...
... Ionic stress caused by high aluminum (Al) concentrations is one of the most widespread phytotoxicity problems globally in agricultural regions, greatly limiting crop yield in affected areas. The objective of this work was to examine a possible involvement of boron (B) in the detoxification of Al by stimulating glutathione (GSH) metabolism, a mechanism essential for the resistance of plants under s ...
... AIMS: Tree species affect herb layer species through their effects on soil quality and light regime but their relative importance and interactions are insufficiently known. METHODS: Pot experiment with soil taken from stands planted with tree species with contrasting effects on soil acidification, two light regimes and six forest perennials. RESULTS: The survival or growth of Mercurialis perennis, ...
... As of 2007, of the 2,000 United States foundries, 93% produce ferrous or aluminum castings, generating 9.4 million tons of non-hazardous spent foundry sand (SFS) annually. Only 28% of the SFS is beneficially used. The U.S. EPA Resource Conservation Challenge identifies SFS as a priority material for beneficial use, with soil blending as a potential reuse option. The objectives of this work were to ...
... AIMS: A comparison was performed between plant species to study Se accumulation and translocation in the crops under field condition. METHODS: Wheat, rice and canola were sampled with respective cultivated soils from the Yangtze River Delta area. The concentrations of total Se and bio-available Se and a number of parameters (N, P, S, Fe, Ca, Mg, Al, K, Mn, pH and organic carbon) were analyzed, and ...
... Tea is considered native to south China and is currently cultivated in many countries, including Thailand, which has been growing increasingly large amounts of Assam tea in the Northern provinces. Although Assam tea contains greater phenolic contents, the flavor is claimed to have an astringent taste due to tannin content. The aims of this study were to improve the chemical qualities, phenolics, a ...
... AIMS: Exudation of organic acid anions is one of the mechanisms responsible for aluminum (Al) tolerance. The plasma membrane (PM) H⁺-ATPase is involved in the exudation of organic acid anions. However, the relationship between organic acid exudation and PM H⁺-ATPase under Al toxicity remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlation among Al-induced citrate exudation, PM H⁺-ATPase ac ...
... AIMS: Alfalfa is the most important forage legume but sensitive to aluminum (Al), which largely limits its growth in acid soils. To improve Al resistance in alfalfa, responses to Al toxicity were investigated for understanding of the mechanisms of Al resistance in alfalfa. METHODS: Growth performance and Al resistance in forty-two cultivars was evaluated. Organic acids synthesis and exudation as w ...
... Potassium (K) is a major element for plant growth. The K⁺ ions fixed in soil 2:1 clay mineral interlayers contribute to plant K nutrition. Such clay minerals are most often the majority in temperate soils. Field and laboratory observations based on X-ray diffraction techniques suggest that 2:1 clay minerals behave as a K reservoir. The present work investigated this idea through data from a replic ...
... AIMS: To examine heavy metal-induced regulatory mechanisms at the transcriptional level, a cell wall-associated receptor kinase (WAK) gene, OsWAK11 and its upstream promoter region (−946/+28) were isolated from Oryza sativa. OsWAK11 expression in response to abiotic stress was examined using a β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene fusion. METHODS: Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze expression of th ...
Dicranopteris linearis; aluminum; apoplast; atomic absorption spectrometry; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; ferns and fern allies; fronds; phytoliths; protoplasts; rare earth elements; scanning electron microscopy; silicon; tissues; China
Abstract:
... AIMS: Dicranopteris linearis is a fern that accumulates unusually high concentrations (up to 0.3% dry weight) of rare earth elements (REEs) in China. Previously, we reported that D. linearis accumulates high concentrations of aluminium (Al) and silicon (Si) in the fronds, but the interactions between these elements and REEs were unknown. METHODS: In this study, a range of analytical techniques, in ...
... Pectin, which is an important component of plant cell walls, strongly binds Al and this may play a role in expression of Al toxicity. Sorption of aluminium (Al) and lanthanum (La) from aqueous solutions onto pectic acid, Ca-pectate and plant cell wall material was pH dependent. For Al at pH 3, sorption was less than the available sorption sites (i.e., the cation exchange capacity) on all three sor ...
... AIM: A mechanism of action for the performance of Fe chelates as soil-applied fertilizer has been hypothesized by Lindsay and Schwab (J Plant Nutr 5:821–840, 1982), in which the ligand participates in a cyclic process of delivering Fe at the root surface and mobilizing Fe from the soil. This “shuttle mechanism” seems appealing in view of fertilizer efficiency, but little is known about its perform ...
... Despite their low carbon (C) content, most subsoil horizons contribute to more than half of the total soil C stocks, and therefore need to be considered in the global C cycle. Until recently, the properties and dynamics of C in deep soils was largely ignored. The aim of this review is to synthesize literature concerning the sources, composition, mechanisms of stabilisation and destabilization of s ...
... Atmospheric deposition is an important nutrient input to forests. The chemical composition of the rainfall is altered by the forest canopy due to interception and canopy exchange. Bulk deposition and stand deposition (throughfall plus stemflow) of Na⁺, Cl⁻, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, PO ₄ ³⁻ , SO ₄ ²⁻ , H⁺, Mn²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe²⁺, NH ₄ ⁺ , NO ₃ ⁻ and Norg were measured in nine deciduous forest plots with different ...
... AIMS: In acidic soil, plant aluminum (Al) tolerance and nitrogen (N) fertilizer form play the important roles in influencing plant growth. Diazotrophs as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria can contribute to plant available N, but the response to plant growth differences resulting from plant Al tolerance or N fertilizer form in acidic soil is poorly understood. Here, we investigated this response ...