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Plant disease
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2020 v.104 no.2
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- Author:
- Ji Ma; Hongxia Li; Xingyu Wang; Min Guo
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 569
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Actinidia chinensis; Alternaria alternata; Alternaria tenuissima; DNA primers; color; conidia; conidiophores; cultivars; culture media; databases; ethanol; fruits; fungi; genes; gooseberries; histones; humidity; internal transcribed spacers; kiwifruit; leaf spot; mountains; mycelium; pathogen identification; pathogenicity; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal DNA; surveys; China
- Abstract:
- ... Chinese gooseberry (Actinidia chinensis Planch) is an economically and nutritionally important fruit widely cultivated in mountainous areas of Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Shanxi Provinces in China. During 2018 to 2019, a fruit scab disease was identified on the Chinese cultivar Hongyang (A. chinensis var. rufopulpa) in Hefei city, Anhui Province. Irregular, cracked ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1835-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1835-PDN
- Author:
- Zhiyi Wang; Yingzhi Zhu; Zhanbiao Li; Xin Yang; Tong Zhang; Guohui Zhou
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 521-526
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA; Nephotettix; Oryza sativa; Phytoplasma; Recilia dorsalis; crop production; disease control; essential genes; false positive results; foliar diseases; geographical distribution; leaves; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; rice; surveys; China
- Abstract:
- ... Rice orange leaf disease (ROLD), caused by rice orange leaf phytoplasma (ROLP), is transmitted by leafhopper vectors Recilia dorsalis and Nephotettix cinticeps. ROLD severely devastates rice production in Asia. Accurate detection of the pathogen is important for disease management. Current nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) method using phytoplasma universal primers is widely used to de ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1047-RE
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1047-RE
- Author:
- Nguyen T. M. Nguyet; Hoang H. Long; Nguyen B. Ngoc; Nguyen T Nhai; Nguyen T. T. Thuy; Nagao Hayashi; Yoshimichi Fukuta
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 381-387
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Magnaporthe oryzae; blast disease; coasts; cultivars; races; resistance genes; river deltas; virulence; Vietnam
- Abstract:
- ... A total of 239 isolates of blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) collected from northern and central Vietnam showed a wide variation in pathogenicity based on the reaction patterns to 25 differential varieties (DVs) harboring 23 resistance genes and susceptible cultivar Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH). The frequencies of isolates virulent toward DVs for Pish, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), P ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1008-RE
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1008-RE
- Author:
- Y. Y. Gao; X. X. Li; L. F. He; B. X. Li; W. Mu; F. Liu
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 551-559
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Colletotrichum; anthracnose; appressoria; conidia; disease control; disease course; electron microscopy; fungicides; germ tube; germination; mechanism of action; median effective concentration; mycelium; phytotoxicity; risk; sporulation
- Abstract:
- ... Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum scovillei is one of the most destructive diseases affecting chili production. Disease control mainly relies on conventional fungicides, and repeated exposure to single-site mode-of-action fungicides may pose a risk for the development of resistant isolates within the population. Our previous study suggested that pyrisoxazole has strong inhibitory activity again ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1291-RE
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1291-RE
- Author:
- Y. L. Cong; J. Hou; L. P. Liu; Z. Y. Liu; Y. Pan; X. M. Zhang; T. J. Hu; F. Liu; Y. Yu
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 565
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Abutilon theophrasti; Colletotrichum truncatum; annuals; anthracnose; appressoria; chickpeas; chitin synthase; conidia; culture media; disease control; disease incidence; eggplants; ethanol; financial economics; flora; fungi; gardens; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; grapes; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; loci; medicine; muskmelons; olives; pathogens; pepper; phylogeny; probability analysis; relative humidity; ribosomal DNA; sodium hypochlorite; soybeans; tomatoes; China
- Abstract:
- ... Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), an annual plant in the family Malvaceae, is an important source of fiber and medicine (Flora of China 2007; Su et al. 2010). Dark brown lesions were observed on the leaves of A. theophrasti in the Herbal Garden of Jilin Agricultural University (125.23°E, 43.47°N), Jilin Province, China, in July 2015 and 2016, respectively. The disease incidence was about 20%. The ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1657-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1657-PDN
- Author:
- Ji Ma; Xingyu Wang; Min Guo
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 574
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Camellia sinensis; Citrus sinensis; Colletotrichum fructicola; DNA primers; Dendrobium officinale; Glomerella cingulata; anthracnose; appressoria; cefotaxime; conidia; culture media; epiphytes; ethanol; fungi; genes; glass; greenhouses; herbaceous plants; hydrophobicity; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; mycelium; oils; pathogenicity; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; relative humidity; ribosomal DNA; seedlings; stems; traditional medicine; China
- Abstract:
- ... Dendrobium (Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo) is an epiphytic herbaceous plant mainly found in Anhui, Zhejiang, Yunnan, and Fujian provinces in China. The raw stems or processed products are commonly used as Chinese traditional medicine for treatment of cancer, stomach problems, and lowering blood sugar. In May 2019, approximately 60 to 85% of D. officinale plants were found with disease lesio ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1859-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1859-PDN
- Author:
- X. Y. Wu; Y. Li
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 573
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA; DNA primers; Hypomyces; Lentinula edodes; alcohols; bags; camphor; chlamydospores; cobweb disease; conidia; crop production; culture media; farms; financial economics; flavor; fruiting bodies; internal transcribed spacers; medicinal properties; mushroom growing; mushrooms; mycelium; odors; pathogenicity; pathogens; pigments; relative humidity; soaking; spraying; streptomycin; sulfates; teleomorphs; temperature; winter; China; Spain
- Abstract:
- ... Lentinula edode (shiitake) is one of the highest-yielding edible fungi in China, widely appreciated for its unique rich flavor and medicinal properties (Chang and Miles 2004). During the winter of 2017, the production season of shiitake mushroom, cobweb disease symptoms were observed on shiitake mushroom in Qingyuan, Zhejiang province, China. The incidence of the disease varied between the affecte ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1434-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1434-PDN
- Author:
- G. Xu; F. Qiu; J. Zhou; F. Q. Zheng; L. Zheng; W. G. Miao; C. P. Xie
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 574
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Curvularia; Elaeis guineensis; coconuts; computer software; leaf spot; leaves; pathogenicity; phylogeny; relative humidity; seedlings; spores; statistical analysis; China; Thailand
- Abstract:
- ... Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is one of the most important perennial tropical crops of southern China. In June 2018, a new leaf spot disease was detected in nearly 100% of 1-year-old golden coconut seedlings at the nursery base in Qionghai, Hainan. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves exhibited water-stained chlorotic spots; as the symptom progressed, the edges of the lesions appeared orange- ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1575-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1575-PDN
- Author:
- Chenge Yan; Hang Yin; Fei Xia; Congliang Deng; Yongqiang Li; Yongjiang Zhang
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 598
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Cucumber mosaic virus; DNA libraries; Dahlia mosaic virus; Dahlia pinnata; Hostuviroid; Potato spindle tuber viroid; Potato virus Y; RNA; Tobacco mosaic virus; Tobacco streak virus; botanical gardens; computer software; dwarfing; genome; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; leaves; mixed infection; nucleotide sequences; oligodeoxyribonucleotides; ornamental plants; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; risk; surveys; synergism; tubers; viroids; viruses; China; Japan; Netherlands; United Kingdom
- Abstract:
- ... Dahlia pinnata Cav. (Asteraceae), a bushy, herbaceous ornamental plant widely cultivated in China, is frequently infected by viruses and viroids including tobacco mosaic virus, potato virus Y, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tobacco streak virus, dahlia mosaic virus, dahlia common mosaic virus, potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), and dahlia latent viroid (DLVd) (Pappu et al. 2008). DLVd (Hostuviroid ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1774-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1774-PDN
- Author:
- Q. Q. Shi; Y. N. Zhou; X. Shi; K. W. Huang; W. W. Song; M. M. Li; C. Liang
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 575
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA primers; Echeveria; Erysiphe; anamorphs; appressoria; cacti and succulents; conidia; conidiophores; data collection; fungi; gardens; germ tube; greenhouses; herbaria; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; mycelium; nursery crops; ornamental value; pathogenicity; phylogeny; powdery mildew; pressing; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis; type collections; China; India; United Kingdom
- Abstract:
- ... Echeveria sunyan (Crassulaceae) is a popular succulent plant for balconies and gardens in Asia. During June and September 2019, powdery mildew was observed on the leaves of pot-grown E. sunyan, with an incidence up to 90% in nurseries from two locations: Qingdao Agricultural University (36.31° N; 120.40° E), Qingdao, and Tushan Town (37.06° N; 119.69° E), Laizhou, China. Voucher specimens from Qin ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1731-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1731-PDN
- Author:
- M. R. Sosnowski; S. Q. Dinh; M. J. Sandow
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 568
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA; Eutypa lata; Punica granatum; bark; branches; chainsaws; cork; culture media; death; dieback; fungi; genes; herbaria; hyphae; industry; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; mycelium; necrosis; orchards; pathogenicity; plant pathogens; pomegranates; pruning; sequence alignment; staining; streptomycin; sulfates; trees; tubulin; wood; wood shavings; South Australia
- Abstract:
- ... Pomegranates (Punica granatum) are grown mainly in countries such as India, Iran, the United States, Turkey, Spain, and Israel. In Australia, it is an emerging industry, with commercial production beginning in the early 2000s and approximately 1,200 acres planted. In November 2017, a branch sample from a tree with symptoms of dieback was received from a pomegranate orchard (cv. Wonderful) near Aub ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1912-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1912-PDN
- Author:
- S. Ding; M. Cao; G. Chen; S. Xie; Q. Huang; J. Zhang; G. Cheng; S. Zhou; W. Li
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 586
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA primers; Pseudozyma; Vitis vinifera; aerosols; agar; altitude; anamorphs; blastospores; cell suspension culture; conidia; crop production; culture media; epiphytes; fruits; glass; internal transcribed spacers; microscopy; models; pathogenicity; phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; polysorbates; rain; ribosomal DNA; ripening; sequence analysis; small fruits; sodium chloride; sodium hypochlorite; summer; table grapes; technology; vineyards; viticulture; winter; yeasts; China
- Abstract:
- ... With the development of new technologies such as rain-shelter cultivation to improve growing conditions, table grape (Vitis vinifera) is now extensively cultivated in Guangxi province in southwestern China. In December 2011, whitish dry snowflake-like fruit stains on the surface of berries were first observed with an incidence over 90% on mature fruits of ‘Kyoho’ grape in a rain-shelter-cultivated ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1348-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1348-PDN
13. First Report of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani Causing Root Rot on Malania oleifera in China
- Author:
- S. S. Xu; W. Kan; B. H. Kong; J. Ma; G. Z. Yang
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 584
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA; DNA primers; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium solani; Malania; chlamydospores; conidia; culture media; databases; endangered species; fungi; genes; hyphae; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; mycelium; oils; pathogenicity; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; polymerase chain reaction; relative humidity; root rot; roots; seedlings; seeds; sodium hypochlorite; soil; twins; vascular bundles; China
- Abstract:
- ... Malania oleifera is one of the cherished, rare, and endangered species listed as a national second-ranking-protection plant in China. Because its seeds are rich in oil, it has become the best raw material for extracting nerve acid, synthetic musk, and other medicines and health products (Chen et al. 2018). It is distributed in a small-scale area from southern Yunnan to western Guangxi of China. Th ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1426-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1426-PDN
- Author:
- Y. Zhu; P. A. Lujan; T. Wedegaertner; R. Nichols; A. Abdelraheem; J. F. Zhang; S. Sanogo
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 588
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum; Fusarium wilt; Gossypium barbadense; Gossypium hirsutum; chlamydospores; chlorosis; conidia; cotton; death; discoloration; fungi; genes; genotype; greenhouses; highlands; intergenic DNA; leaves; mycelium; necrosis; nucleotide sequences; pH; pathogens; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; pigmentation; polymerase chain reaction; races; roots; sodium hypochlorite; soil; tissue paper; tubulin; virulence; wilting; California; India; New Mexico; Texas
- Abstract:
- ... Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV), is one of the most destructive diseases in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense). Of the eight described races of FOV recognized worldwide, FOV race 4 is among the most virulent. FOV race 4 was first identified in India (Armstrong and Armstrong 1960). It was isolated from cotton in California ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1170-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1170-PDN
- Author:
- X. Cao; M. S. Zhang; X. S. Zhang; S. C. Yu; P. B. Zhao; D. Hou; Y. R. Zhou; J. Li; X. Y. Song; Y. Z. Zhang
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 583
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA primers; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium redolens; Lilium davidii; Sphagnum; bulbs; chickpeas; climate; conidia; culture media; databases; ethanol; fungi; genes; internal transcribed spacers; irrigation; leaves; mycelium; pathogenicity; peat; peptide elongation factors; plant pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal DNA; root rot; roots; sand; seedlings; sodium hypochlorite; stem rot; sugar beet; wilting; China
- Abstract:
- ... Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor), a famous edible lily with large, white, and sweet bulb scales, is mostly planted in the middle areas of Gansu Province in China. In recent years, severe wilt symptoms, including root, bulb, and stem rots, with a progressive yellowing and wilting of leaves from the base, were observed on Lanzhou lily in Qilihe District, Lanzhou. The disease has resulted ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-03-19-0597-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-19-0597-PDN
- Author:
- J. Fayette; S. Bec; S. Loubeau; J. C. Fulton; K. A. Garrett; C. L. Harmon
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 592
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Lasiodiplodia theobromae; Pinus; Solanum melongena; agar; bleaching agents; conidia; conifer needles; culture media; disease control; disease incidence; eggplants; fruits; fungi; host range; hosts; hyphae; inoculum; internal transcribed spacers; melanization; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; plant rots; pycnidia; ribosomal DNA; sodium hypochlorite; statistical analysis; tap water; tubulin; vegetable crops; Haiti
- Abstract:
- ... Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is a major component of the vegetable crop produced for domestic consumption within Haiti, estimated at 851 metric tons in 2017 (FAO 2019). In a preliminary study in June 2018, eggplant fruits were observed with circular, tan, water-soaked lesions that extended to the entire fruit, which became spongy and mummified. Incidence of disease in two plots at the Centre Rural ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1093-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-19-1093-PDN
- Author:
- M. J. Li; X. Pan; Q. Wang; Z. Liu; H. Sun; C. Shao; Y. M. Guan; Y. Zhang
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 571
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Alternaria alternata; Alternaria panax; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Oriental traditional medicine; Panax ginseng; Panax notoginseng; Panax quinquefolius; agar; allergens; ambient temperature; conidia; culture media; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; greenhouses; herbaceous plants; histones; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; pathogen identification; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; photoperiod; plastic bags; polygalacturonase; relative humidity; ribosomal DNA; seedlings; sequence analysis; solar radiation; surveys; China
- Abstract:
- ... Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is a perennial herbaceous plant and a precious traditional Chinese medicine. P. ginseng is widely cultivated in Asia, particularly the Changbai Mountain area in China (Wang et al. 2019). Alternaria species can grow under a wide range of temperatures that occur worldwide (Konstantinova et al. 2002). Alternaria panax was reported as the main cause of Alternaria leaf spot of g ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1897-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1897-PDN
- Author:
- W. L. Kong; S. H. Wu; X. Q. Wu; X. R. Zheng; X. R. Sun; J. N. Ye; Q. H. Wang
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 585
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- Colletotrichum; DNA; DNA primers; Ficus; actin; alcohols; ampicillin; appressoria; bags; calmodulin; chitin synthase; conidia; cultivars; culture media; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; growth chambers; horticulture; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; loci; mycelium; ornamental value; pathogenicity; pathogens; photoperiod; phylogeny; polyethylene; polymerase chain reaction; relative humidity; seedlings; sodium hypochlorite; streams; subtropics; superoxide dismutase; China
- Abstract:
- ... In late January 2019, a population of Ficus binnendijkii var. variegata, used as a horticultural cultivar throughout tropical and subtropical regions, was found with leaf spot disease at a 96% infection rate, causing a loss of their ornamental value. The F. binnendijkii var. variegata plants were growing in a park near a creek in Fuzhou, Fujian, China (26°01′53″N, 119°14′42″E). Lesions initially a ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-04-19-0834-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-19-0834-PDN
- Author:
- Y. T. Li; W. H. Zhang; Y. H. Wang; M. Zhang; H. C. Guo; C. Gao; X. L. Gao
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 572
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA; DNA primers; Phaseolus vulgaris; Sansevieria; Solanum muricatum; Stemphylium lycopersici; agar; algorithms; beans; carrots; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; conidia; culture media; disease incidence; drying; economic impact; eggplants; ethanol; financial economics; fungi; genes; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; growers; growth chambers; hosts; internal transcribed spacers; irradiation; leaf spot; leaves; lettuce; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; photoperiod; phylogeny; pigmentation; potatoes; stems; ultraviolet radiation; vegetable crops; China
- Abstract:
- ... Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most economically important vegetable crops in China. In October 2018, leaf and stem spot symptoms were observed on P. vulgaris in Pozhuang County, Anqiu City, Shandong Province, China. The disease incidence ranged from 15 to 20%, causing large economic losses to growers. Lesions were initially small (1 to 2 mm in diameter), scattered, reddish-brow ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1805-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1805-PDN
- Author:
- Weiwei Wang; Zijuan Liu; Wei Wang; Xiqiang Song
- Source:
- Plant disease 2020 v.104 no.2 pp. 570
- ISSN:
- 0191-2917
- Subject:
- DNA primers; Macrophomina phaseolina; Plukenetia volubilis; bioactive compounds; color; cooking fats and oils; cosmetics; crops; culture media; disease incidence; disease prevention; essential fatty acids; greenhouses; inoculation methods; internal transcribed spacers; mycelium; oilseed crops; pathogenicity; pathogens; relative humidity; sclerotia; seeds; sodium hypochlorite; stems; China
- Abstract:
- ... Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.), a perennial oilseed plant in the Euphorbiaceae family, was introduced into China in 2006. The seeds of sacha inchi are an excellent source of essential fatty acid, protein, and some bioactive compounds, and the oil is one of the best edible oils in the world that can be used in disease prevention and cosmetics (Chirinos et al. 2013), so this plant is consider ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1312-PDN
- https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1312-PDN