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1. A Nonwounding Greenhouse Screening Protocol for Prediction of Field Resistance of Hybrid Poplar to Septoria Canker

Author:
Qin, Ruqian; Stanosz, Glen R.; LeBoldus, Jared M.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1106-1111
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Populus; Septoria; clones; conidia; crops; fungi; greenhouse production; greenhouses; hybrids; industry; leaf spot; pathogens; prediction; regression analysis; screening; stem cankers; trees; North America
Abstract:
... Populus spp. and their hybrids are short-rotation woody crops which supply fiber to a diversity of industries in North America. The potential of hybrid poplar trees has been limited by the fungal pathogen Septoria musiva, the cause of leaf spot and stem canker of Populus spp. An inoculation protocol that does not rely on stem wounding to achieve infection was recently developed to screen poplar cl ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-11-13-1152-RE

2. A Study of the Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Disease in Argentina

Author:
Bertani, R. P.; Perera, M. F.; Arias, M. E.; Luque, C.; Funes, C.; González, V.; Cuenya, M. I.; Ploper, L. D.; Welin, B.; Castagnaro, A. P.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1036-1042
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Sugarcane yellow leaf virus; bundle sheath cells; chloroplasts; coat proteins; disease detection; foliar diseases; genes; genotype; leaves; phytoplasmal diseases; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; starch; sugarcane; viruses; Argentina
Abstract:
... Yellow leaf disease, caused by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), is widespread around the world but very little information is available on this viral disease in Argentina. Therefore, the aims of the study were to assess the presence of SCYLV, analyze its distribution in the main sugarcane production areas of Argentina, characterize the virus, and determine histological alterations caused by it ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1251-RE

3. Characterization and Epidemiology of Outbreaks of Impatiens necrotic spot virus on Lettuce in Coastal California

Author:
Kuo, Yen-Wen; Gilbertson, Robert L.; Turini, Tom; Brennan, Eric B.; Smith, Richard F.; Koike, Steven T.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1050-1059
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Capsella bursa-pastoris; Capsicum annuum; Cichorium intybus; Frankliniella occidentalis; Impatiens necrotic spot virus; Lactuca sativa; Malva; Ocimum basilicum; Spinacia oleracea; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Vicia faba; Zantedeschia aethiopica; basil; chlorosis; coasts; crop production; crops; direct seeding; disease control; disease outbreaks; disease reservoirs; disease surveys; faba beans; genetic variation; growers; hosts; lettuce; monitoring; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sap; spinach; surveys; sweet peppers; viruses; weeds; California
Abstract:
... California is the leading producer of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) for the United States and grows 77% of the country's supply. Prior to 2006, coastal California lettuce was only periodically and incidentally infected by a single tospoviruses species: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). However, beginning in 2006 and continuing through 2012, severe outbreaks of disease caused by Impatiens necrotic spot ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0681-RE

4. Concepts of Sustainability, Motivations for Pest Management Approaches, and Implications for Communicating Change

Author:
Sherman, Jennifer; Gent, David H.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1024-1035
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
disease control; economic threshold; environmental sustainability; extension agents; farmers; farmers' attitudes; farms; human behavior; integrated pest management; motivation; pesticides; risk management; scientists
Abstract:
... Impact and relevance are valued by both plant pathologists and the supporters of research and extension. Impact has been characterized as the “So what?” of research results, and in applied research in agriculture typically involves some change in human behavior. This might involve, for instance, avoidance of broad spectrum pesticides, use of economic thresholds, or adoption of a new cultural pract ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-03-14-0313-FE

5. Control of Curly Top in Sugar Beet with Seed and Foliar Insecticides

Author:
Strausbaugh, Carl A.; Wenninger, Erik J.; Eujayl, Imad A.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1075-1080
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Beet curly top virus; Circulifer tenellus; Scorpiones; active ingredients; clothianidin; foliar spraying; growing season; planting; pyrethrins; resistance management; seed treatment; sucrose; sugar beet
Abstract:
... Curly top in sugar beet is a serious problem that is caused by Beet curly top virus and other closely related species and transmitted by the beet leafhopper. In order to find a means of reducing curly top in sugar beet, 15 combinations of insecticide seed (Poncho, Poncho Beta, and Poncho Votivo) and foliar (Asana, Cyazypyr, Lorsban, Mustang, Scorpion, and Sivanto) treatments were evaluated versus ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1260-RE

6. Damping-Off and Root Rot of Pepper Caused by Fusarium oxysporum in Almería Province, Spain

Author:
Pérez-Hernández, A.; Serrano-Alonso, Y.; Aguilar-Pérez, M. I.; Gómez-Uroz, R.; Gómez-Vázquez, J.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1159
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Capsicum annuum; DNA; Dianthus caryophyllus; Fusarium oxysporum; agar; chlamydospores; conidia; containers; damping off; genetic databases; greenhouses; growth retardation; inoculum; leaves; necrosis; pathogenicity; pathogens; pepper; root rot; roots; seedlings; sowing; summer; sweet peppers; temperature; vermiculite; wilting; Spain
Abstract:
... Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is intensively cropped in ~9,920 ha of plastic houses in southern Spain. In summer 2013, pepper seedlings cv. Melchor, Acorde, Galena, Prometeo, and Souleria, with 4 to 8 leaves, grown in a nursery greenhouse near El Ejido, Almería Province, exhibited root rot and stunting. Incidence of symptomatic plants was ~35% among over 10 million. Fusarium sp. was consistentl ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0194-PDN

7. Diversity in the erg27 Gene of Botrytis cinerea Field Isolates from Strawberry Defines Different Levels of Resistance to the Hydroxyanilide Fenhexamid

Author:
Amiri, Achour; Peres, Natalia A.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1131-1137
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Botrytis cinerea; alanine; arginine; biosynthesis; codons; fenhexamid; genes; genotype; glycine (amino acid); gray mold; monitoring; mutation; phenotype; population growth; strawberries; Florida
Abstract:
... The hydroxyanilide (Hyd) fenhexamid has played a major role in gray mold management in Florida strawberry fields since 2000. Recent monitoring of the sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to fenhexamid indicated that resistance has emerged. In this study, mutations in the target gene erg27 encoding the 3-keto reductase enzyme were investigated and the shift in fenhexamid sensitivity over time was evalua ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-11-13-1171-RE

8. First Report of Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum lupini on Yellow Lupin in Korea

Author:
Han, K. S.; Kim, B. S.; Choi, I. Y.; Park, J. H.; Shin, H. D.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1158
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Colletotrichum; DNA primers; Lupinus luteus; aerial parts; agar; anthracnose; appressoria; conidia; disease incidence; farms; flowers; fungi; genetic databases; greenhouses; harvesting; herbaria; inoculum; internal transcribed spacers; pathogenicity; petioles; plastic bags; polymerase chain reaction; relative humidity; ribosomal DNA; runoff; stems; tissues; type collections; Australia; Austria; Bolivia; Brazil; Canada; Germany; Korean Peninsula; Mediterranean region; Netherlands; New Zealand; Southern European region; Ukraine; United States
Abstract:
... Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) is native to the Mediterranean region of southern Europe. In Korea, yellow lupins are cultivated for ornamental purposes. In May 2013, hundreds of yellow lupins that were grown in pots for 7 weeks in polyethylene-film-covered greenhouses were observed severely damaged by a previously unknown disease with about 30% disease incidence in a flower farm in Yongin City, ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0167-PDN

9. First Report of Aphelenchoides besseyi Causing White Tip Disease of Rice in Jilin Province, China

Author:
Ou, S. Q.; Gao, J.; Peng, D. L.; Qi, C. Y.; Zhang, J. H.; Meng, Y.; Lu, B. H.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1165
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Aphelenchoides besseyi; DNA primers; body length; cities; esophagus; females; genes; genetic databases; growth retardation; inflorescences; internal transcribed spacers; intestines; leaves; males; necrosis; oocytes; pathogens; plant parasitic nematodes; polymerase chain reaction; quarantine; ribosomal DNA; rice; seeds; surveys; tail; China; India; Russia
Abstract:
... White tip disease of rice caused by the plant-parasitic nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi is an important domestic quarantine issue causing heavy yield losses of rice. During a survey for rice diseases in 2013, suspect white tip disease of rice was observed in the cities of Changchun and Gongzhuling, Jinlin Province, China. Leaf tips of susceptible rice varieties were white or yellow, becoming brown ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0020-PDN

10. First Report of Bacterial Leaf Blight on Mustard Greens (Brassica juncea) Caused by Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis in Mississippi

Author:
Wechter, W. P.; Keinath, A. P.; Smith, J. P.; Farnham, M. W.; Bull, C. T.; Schofield, D. A.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1151
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Brassica juncea; Helianthus annuus; Pseudomonas; absorbance; agar; antibiotics; bacteria; bacteriophages; cultivars; growers; growth chambers; leaf blight; leather tanning; leaves; microbial growth; mustard greens; pathogenicity; pathotypes; photoperiod; polymerase chain reaction; relative humidity; runoff; sodium hypochlorite; turnip greens; ultraviolet radiation; Australia; Europe; Japan; Mississippi
Abstract:
... In 2010, a brassica leafy greens grower in Sunflower County, MS, observed scattered outbreaks of a leaf blight on mustard greens (Brassica juncea) in a 180-ha field. A severe outbreak of leaf blight occurred on mustard greens and turnip greens (B. rapa) in the same field in 2011 with more than 80 ha affected. The affected field, established in 2010, had no prior history of being cropped to brassic ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0026-PDN

11. First Report of Bacterial Soft Rot of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) Caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in Jilin Province of China

Author:
Gao, J.; Nan, N.; Lu, B. H.; Liu, Y. N.; Wu, X. Y.; Xia, W. Y.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1152
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum; Silybum marianum; agar; agricultural colleges; carbon; catalase; cellobiose; cysteine; financial economics; flagellum; fructose; galactose; gardens; gelatin; genes; glucose; glycerol; greenhouses; high performance liquid chromatography; hydrogen sulfide; hydrolysis; inositols; lactose; maltose; mannitol; mannose; melezitose; melibiose; nucleotide sequences; pathogenicity; plastic bags; potatoes; rhamnose; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis; silymarin; smell; sodium chloride; sorbitol; starch; stems; tissues; transmission electron microscopes; trehalose; yeasts; China
Abstract:
... Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is an annual or biannual plant of the Asteraceae family that produces the hepaprotectant silymarin. In 2012, almost all milk thistle grown in the medicinal herbal garden of Jilin Agricultural University (Changchun, Jilin Province, China) exhibited symptoms of a previously undetected soft rot disease. Initial symptoms on stems appeared as tan, semitransparent, and wa ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0085-PDN

12. First Report of Cercospora apii, Causal Agent of Cercospora Early Blight of Celery, in Serbia

Author:
Milosavljević, A.; Pfaf-Dolovac, E.; Mitrović, M.; Jović, J.; Toševski, I.; Duduk, N.; Trkulja, N.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1157
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Apium graveolens var. dulce; Cercospora apii; agar; blight; calmodulin; celery; conidia; conidiophores; disease severity; ethanol; fungi; genes; genetic databases; greenhouses; histones; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; mycelium; pathogenicity; pathogens; seedlings; surveys; vegetable crops; Serbia
Abstract:
... Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce) is a very important vegetable crop intensively cultivated in eastern and southern Serbia. During a field survey in August and September 2012, we observed symptoms similar to those of Cercospora early blight in eastern Serbia, with some of the affected fields showing up to 80% disease severity. The lesions on leaves were amphigenous, subcircular to angular and m ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0135-PDN

13. First Report of Cherry mottle leaf virus Infecting Cherry in China

Author:
Ma, Y. X.; Li, J. J.; Li, G. F.; Zhu, S. F.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1161
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Cherry mottle leaf virus; Eriophyes; Prunus avium; Prunus emarginata; RNA; RNA-directed DNA polymerase; cherries; clones; coat proteins; complementary DNA; cultivars; financial economics; genes; hybrids; leaves; mites; nucleotide sequences; orchards; peaches; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; planting; polymerase chain reaction; propagation materials; rootstocks; sequence alignment; small fruits; surveys; trees; viruses; wood; China
Abstract:
... Cherry mottle leaf virus (CMLV) is a member of the genus Trichovirus (family Betaflexiviridae). CMLV infects several species of the genus Prunus including cherry (Prunus avium) and peach (P. persica) (2,3). It is spread via budding and grafting with infected wood and can be transmitted from infected bitter cherry (P. emarginata), or infected but symptomless peach trees to healthy sweet cherry tree ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0002-PDN

14. First Report of Citrus leprosis virus Nuclear Type in Sweet Orange in Colombia

Author:
Roy, Avijit; León, M. G.; Stone Schneider, A. L. W. L.; Hartung, J. S.; Brlansky, R. H.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1162
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Brevipalpus; Citrus leprosis virus C; Citrus sinensis; Dichorhavirus; RNA; Tetranychidae; coat proteins; color; crop production; cytoplasm; genes; leaves; mixed infection; molecular cloning; new genus; nucleocapsid; nucleotide sequences; oranges; phylogeny; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; viruses; Brazil; Colombia; Mexico; Panama
Abstract:
... Colombia is ranked 18th in the world in citrus production and contributed 0.9% of the total world share. Among four important citrus-producing regions of Colombia, the Orinoco region (3 to 6°N, 68 to 74°W) consists of two citrus-producing states, Meta and Casanare. Citrus leprosis is the most important viral disease of citrus in Colombia (1,3). Three types of Citrus leprosis virus (CiLV) infect ci ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0083-PDN

15. First Report of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus on Melon in the United States

Author:
Tian, T.; Posis, K.; Maroon-Lango, C. J.; Mavrodieva, V.; Haymes, S.; Pitman, T. L.; Falk, B. W.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1163
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Citrullus lanatus; Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus; Cucumis melo; Cucumis sativus; RNA; Squash mosaic virus; Watermelon mosaic virus; crops; cucumbers; greenhouses; leaves; mixed infection; nucleotide sequences; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; planting; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sap; seeds; transmission electron microscopes; viruses; watermelons; California; Canada; China; India; Israel; Japan; Korean Peninsula; Russia; Spain
Abstract:
... In July 2013, a melon (Cucumis melo var. Saski) field in Yolo County, California, was inspected as part of a phytosanitary inspection for seed production. The leaves of the plants showed mosaic, green mottle, and blotches. When plant sap was examined using a transmission electron microscope, rigid rod-shaped particles were observed. Melon plant samples were analyzed by both CDFA and USDA APHIS PPQ ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0123-PDN

16. First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria alternata on Marigold (Tagetes erecta) in Beijing, China

Author:
Li, Y.; Shen, J.; Pan, B. H.; Guo, M. X.; Wang, Q. X.; Ouyang, C. B.; Yan, D. D.; Cao, A. C.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1153
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; DNA primers; Tagetes erecta; agar; beans; color; conidia; conidiophores; flowers; fungi; genes; genetic databases; growth chambers; internal transcribed spacers; leaf spot; leaves; light intensity; pathogenicity; photoperiod; planting; polymerase chain reaction; relative humidity; ribosomal DNA; China; Japan
Abstract:
... Marigold (Tagetes erecta) is an important commercial crop and 200 ha are planted every year in the Beijing district of China. A leaf spot disease of T. erecta was observed during 2012 and 2013 in the Beijing district. The disease was widespread, with 60 to 75% of the fields affected. Leaves of the affected plants had small, brown, necrotic spots on most of the foliage. Yield losses of flowers of u ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-08-13-0858-PDN

17. First Report of Mucor Rot on Stored ‘Gala’ Apple Fruit Caused by Mucor piriformis in Pennsylvania

Author:
Li, J.; Gaskins, V. L.; Yan, H. J.; Luo, Y. G.; Jurick II, W. M.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1157
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Mucor piriformis; apples; chlorine; controlled atmosphere storage; cracking; cultivars; fungi; genes; mycelium; nucleotide sequences; orchards; pathogens; postharvest diseases; ribosomal DNA; sanitation; solar radiation; sporangia; zygospores; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Mucor piriformis E. Fischer causes Mucor rot of pome and stone fruits during storage and has been reported in Australia, Canada, Germany, Northern Ireland, South Africa, and portions of the United States (1,2). Currently, there is no fungicide in the United States labeled to control this wound pathogen on apple. Cultural practices of orchard sanitation, placing dry fruit in storage, and chlorine t ...
Handle:
10113/61180
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0149-PDN

18. First Report of Pythium Root and Stalk Rot of Forage Corn Caused by Pythium arrhenomanes in Japan

Author:
Tsukiboshi, T.; Sugawara, K.; Masunaka Mitsuhashi, A. S.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1155
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Pythium; Zea mays; agar; barley; cattle feeds; corn; forage; forage crops; gene banks; germination; greenhouses; hybrids; hyphae; inoculum; juices; mechanical harvesting; nucleotide sequences; oogonia; oospores; pathogenicity; planting; ribosomal DNA; roots; seedlings; seeds; sequence homology; soil; stem rot; stems; whole crop silage; wilting; Japan
Abstract:
... Corn (Zea mays L.) is the most important forage crop in Japan. It was cultivated on 92,000 ha in 2011 and was mainly used as whole crop silage for cattle feed. In September 2009, a root and stalk rot disease was detected on corn plants cultivated in Tochigi, located in the central region of Japan. The symptoms of the disease included wilting of whole plants after the R5 (dent) stage (2) with droop ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0053-PDN

19. First Report of Rust of Plumeria rubra Caused by Coleosporium plumeriae in Guangdong Province, China

Author:
Yang, Q. Y.; Lin, B. R.; Zhang, J. X.; Shen, H. F.; Pu, X. M.; Wang, Z. W.; Zeng, D. Q.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1154
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Coleosporium; Plumeria rubra; abscission; aesthetics; cultivars; dew; flowers; gardens; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; necrosis; ornamental trees; ornamental value; parks; pathogenicity; pathogens; planting; plastic bags; ribosomal DNA; rust diseases; spraying; summer; teliospores; urediniospores; China
Abstract:
... Plumeria spp. are ornamental trees commonly planted in parks and gardens, and Plumeria rubra cultivars (Frangipani) is most common in Guangdong Province, China. A rust disease of P. rubra was observed on leaves of susceptible plants from August to December 2013. Ten nurseries were surveyed in September 2013, and 91% (220 of 240) of the plumeria plants were infected with rust. Symptoms first appear ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0019-PDN

20. First Report of Taro vein chlorosis virus Infecting Taro (Colocasia esculenta) in the United States

Author:
Long, M. H.; Ayin, C.; Li, R.; Hu, J. S.; Melzer, M. J.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1160
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Colocasia esculenta; DNA primers; RNA; RNA-directed DNA polymerase; RNA-directed RNA polymerase; Taro vein chlorosis virus; arthropods; chlorosis; clones; complementary DNA; disease vectors; farmers; genes; genetic databases; genetic variation; germplasm; islands; leaves; molecular cloning; necrosis; nucleic acid hybridization; nucleocapsid; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; polymerase chain reaction; taro; viruses; Molokai; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... In March 2013, taro plants (Colocasia esculenta [L.] Schott cv. Iliuaua) with leaves displaying veinal chlorosis and necrosis were observed on the island of Molokai. These symptoms were similar to those of taro vein chlorosis, a disease of taro caused by Taro vein chlorosis virus (TaVCV; family Rhabdoviridae, genus Nucleorhabdovirus). To explore this possibility, RNA was isolated from both symptom ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-03-14-0244-PDN

21. First Report of the Stubby-Root Nematode (Paratrichodorus allius) From a Corn Field in Ohio

Author:
Lopez-Nicora, H. D.; Mekete, T.; Sekora, N.; Niblack, T. L.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1164
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
DNA; DNA primers; Helicotylenchus; Hoplolaimus; Paratrichodorus; Pratylenchus; Tobacco rattle virus; Tylenchorhynchus; adults; body length; corn; crop losses; ectoparasites; esophagus; females; genetic databases; hosts; intestines; migratory behavior; morphometry; nematology; pathogens; plant parasitic nematodes; planting; polymerase chain reaction; potatoes; ribosomal RNA; roots; sclerotization; sequence homology; sieving; soil sampling; soil texture; soybeans; spermatheca; sucrose; wheat; Ohio
Abstract:
... Stubby-root nematodes (family Trichoridae) are an economically important group of ectoparasites that feed on roots, vector tobraviruses, and cause substantial crop loss (1,2,3). In June 2013, 48 soil samples were submitted to the Nematology Laboratory at Ohio State University for nematode analysis from a field planted to corn in Wood County, Ohio. The soil texture was sandy and the field was previ ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0206-PDN

22. First Report of Verticillium Wilt of Mango (Mangifera indica) Caused by Verticillium dahliae in Italy

Author:
Ahmed, Y.; Cirvilleri, G.; D'Onghia Yaseen, A. M. T.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1156
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Mangifera indica; Verticillium dahliae; Verticillium wilt; agar; branches; conidia; conidiophores; defoliation; dieback; dipping; discoloration; environmental factors; fruit growing; fruit quality; greenhouses; industry; intergenic DNA; isolation techniques; leaves; mangoes; markets; orchards; pathogen identification; relative humidity; roots; sclerotia; shoots; soil-borne diseases; summer; tissues; trees; wood; Italy; Sicily
Abstract:
... Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit crop in many tropical and subtropical countries. This crop has been recently introduced in Italy, mainly in Sicily (southern Italy), where it proves to be a good commodity for the national market. However, the future of mango cultivation in Sicily is threatened by diverse biotic and abiotic factors, which may limit production and fruit quality. For ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0098-PDN

23. Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of VOCs Produced by Phytophthora cinnamomi

Author:
Qiu, Rui; Qu, Dong; Trengove, Robert; Agarwal, Manjree; Hardy, Giles E. St. J.; Ren, Yonglin
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1099-1105
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Lupinus; Phytophthora cinnamomi; benzyl alcohol; biochemical pathways; early warning systems; ethyl acetate; fungal diseases of plants; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; headspace analysis; ionization; metabolites; phenylethyl alcohol; plant pathogenic fungi; seedlings; soil; soil inoculation; soil sampling; solid phase microextraction; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Phytophthora cinnamomi–infected lupin seedlings were collected by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The sampling was done 28 to 44, 52 to 68, and 76 to 92 h after inoculation (HAI). The HS-SPME samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) to assess the differences in volatile compounds between the P. cinnamomi– ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0049-RE

24. Identification of Two Major Rice Sheath Blight Resistance QTLs, qSB1-1HJX74 and qSB11HJX74, in Field Trials Using Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines

Author:
Zhu, Yajun; Zuo, Shimin; Chen, Zongxiang; Chen, Xingguang; Li, Gang; Zhang, Yafang; Zhang, Guiquan; Pan, Xuebiao
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1112-1121
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Oryza sativa; agronomic traits; blight; chromosomes; field experimentation; genetic background; inheritance (genetics); plant breeding; quantitative trait loci; rice; substitution lines
Abstract:
... Sheath blight (SB) is among the most destructive rice (Oryza sativa) diseases worldwide. SB resistance (SBR) is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). Only a few SB resistance QTLs were confirmed previously in field trials that were independent of morphological traits, a crucial factor in plant breeding. Here, we employed 63 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) to identify SBR QTLs ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1095-RE

25. Impacts of Crop Variety and Time of Inoculation on the Susceptibility and Tolerance of Winter Wheat to Wheat streak mosaic virus

Author:
Miller, Z.; Menalled, F.; Ito, D.; Moffet, M.; Burrows, M.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1060-1065
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Wheat streak mosaic virus; autumn; climate; cultivars; disease control; disease resistance; environmental factors; field experimentation; genotype; grain quality; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; risk; spring; temperature; viruses; winter wheat; Great Plains region; Montana
Abstract:
... Plant genotype, age, size, and environmental factors can modify susceptibility and tolerance to disease. Understanding the individual and combined impacts of these factors is needed to define improved disease management strategies. In the case of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) in winter wheat, yield losses and plant susceptibility have been found to be greatest when the crop is exposed to the vi ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1210-RE

26. Location-Specific Fungicide Resistance Profiles and Evidence for Stepwise Accumulation of Resistance in Botrytis cinerea

Author:
Li, Xingpeng; Fernández-Ortuño, Dolores; Chen, Shuning; Grabke, Anja; Luo, Chao-Xi; Bridges, William C.; Schnabel, Guido
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1066-1074
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Botrytis cinerea; blackberries; boscalid; crops; cyprodinil; cytochrome b; fenhexamid; fludioxonil; fungicide resistance; genes; genotype; iprodione; mutation; mycelium; phenotype; pyraclostrobin; statistical models; strawberries; thiophanate-methyl; tubulin; South Carolina
Abstract:
... The fungicide resistance profiles to seven chemical classes of fungicides were investigated in 198 Botrytis cinerea isolates from five blackberry fields and 214 B. cinerea isolates from 10 strawberry fields of North and South Carolina. Populations of B. cinerea tended to have a single dominant, location-specific resistance profile that consisted of resistance to multiple fungicides in fields spray ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1019-RE

27. Optimization of Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Conditions for the Identification of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands

Author:
Qiu, Rui; Qu, Dong; Hardy, Giles E. St. J.; Trengove, Robert; Agarwal, Manjree; Ren, Yonglin
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1088-1098
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Phytophthora cinnamomi; Pythium; absorption; culture media; detection limit; flame ionization; headspace analysis; pathogens; regression analysis; soil sampling; solid phase microextraction; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... A robust technique was developed to identify Phytophthora cinnamomi using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography (GC) coupled to a flame ionization detector (FID) for analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Six fiber types were evaluated and results indicated that the three-phase fiber 50/30 μm divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDM ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1258-RE

28. Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2012

Author:
Kolmer, J. A; Hughes, M. E.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1145-1150
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Puccinia recondita; breeding; cultivars; genes; hard red spring wheat; hard red winter wheat; human resources; leaf rust; leaves; phenotype; soft red winter wheat; virulence; Eastern United States; Great Plains region; Idaho; Ohio River; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected leaves provided by cooperators throughout the United States and from wheat fields and breeding plots by United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service personnel and cooperators in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, southeastern states, and Washington State and Idaho in order to determine the virulence of th ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1267-SR

29. Prevalence and Stability of Qualitative QoI Resistance in Populations of Venturia inaequalis in the Northeastern United States

Author:
Frederick, Zachary A.; Villani, Sara M.; Cooley, Daniel R.; Biggs, Alan R.; Raes, Jessica J.; Cox, Kerik D.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1122-1130
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Venturia inaequalis; conidia; cytochrome b; genes; genotype; mutation; orchards; trifloxystrobin; Northeastern United States
Abstract:
... Quinone-outside-inhibitor (QoI) fungicides are a safe and effective means of managing apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis. To determine the prevalence of both quantitative (partial) and qualitative (complete) QoI resistance in V. inaequalis in the northeastern United States, we sampled single-lesion conidial isolates (n = 4,481) from 120 commercial and research orchards from 2004 to 2011 with ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1042-RE

30. QoI Resistance and Mitochondrial Genetic Structure of Zymoseptoria tritici in Morocco

Author:
Siah, A.; Elbekali, A. Y.; Ramdani, A.; Reignault, P.; Torriani, S. F. F.; Brunner, P. C.; Halama, P.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1138-1144
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
DNA; Mycosphaerella graminicola; fungi; fungicides; gene flow; haplotypes; mitochondria; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; phylogeny; population structure; provenance; statistics; teleomorphs; wheat; Europe; Morocco
Abstract:
... In total, 230 single-conidial isolates of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici (formerly Septoria tritici, teleomorph: Mycosphaerella graminicola) were sampled in Morocco in 2008 and 2010 to assess resistance against quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs), a widely used group of fungicides in wheat pest management. All 134 isolates sampled in 2008 were QoI sensitive. In contrast, 9 of the 96 ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1057-RE

31. Sources and Availability of Inoculum and Seasonal Survival of Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens in Apple Orchards

Author:
Xiao, C. L.; Kim, Y. K.; Boal, R. J.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1043-1049
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Malus; Sphaeropsis; apples; bark; branches; crop production; dieback; fungi; growing season; inoculum; markets; mycelium; orchards; pathogens; plant rots; pollen; pycnidia; trees; viability; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens is the cause of Sphaeropsis rot, a recently reported postharvest fruit rot disease of apple. Infection of apple fruit by the fungus is believed to occur in the orchard, and symptoms develop during storage or in the market. S. pyriputrescens also is the cause of a twig dieback and canker disease of apple and crabapple trees. To determine sources of pathogen inoculum in th ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1218-RE

32. The Epidemic Spread of Seiridium cardinale on Leyland Cypress Severely Limits Its Use in the Mediterranean

Author:
Danti, R.; Barberini, S.; Pecchioli, A.; Di Lonardo, V.; Della Rocca, G.
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.8 pp. 1081-1087
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
Cupressocyparis leylandii; Cupressus sempervirens; Seiridium cardinale; bark; conidia; conifers; cultivars; dead wood; fungi; genetic variation; mortality; mycelium; ornamental trees; pathogenicity; plantations; temperate zones; Italy; Southern European region
Abstract:
... Leyland cypress (× Hesperotropsis leylandii) is a fast-growing conifer used in most temperate regions as an ornamental tree for hedges and screens, and is one of the most commercially important trees in Europe. In recent years, severe diebacks and mortality due to cypress canker have been observed on Leyland cypress plantations in Southern Europe. This study was conducted to evaluate (i) the sprea ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1237-RE