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1. Desi chickpea genotypes tolerate drought stress better than kabuli types by modulating germination metabolism, trehalose accumulation, and carbon assimilation

Author:
Farooq, Muhammad; Ullah, Aman; Lee, Dong-Jin; Alghamdi, Salem S.; Siddique, Kadambot H.M.
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2018 v.126 pp. 47-54
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
alpha-amylase; carbon dioxide fixation; chickpeas; climate; drought; drought tolerance; enzyme activity; genotype; germination; leaf area; mineral content; nitrogen; phenolic compounds; photosynthesis; plant growth; planting; potassium; proline; reducing sugars; seedlings; soil water; stand establishment; sucrose; transpiration; trehalose; water holding capacity; water stress; water use efficiency
Abstract:
... Chickpea is mostly grown in rainfed environments and, consequently, its growth is affected by drought stress. This study comprised two independent experiments to investigate the physiological basis of drought tolerance in desi and kabuli chickpea genotypes. In Experiment 1, six genotypes each of desi and kabuli types were planted in soil-filled pots under natural conditions. Ten days after plantin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.020

2. Exogenous nitric oxide pretreatment protects Brassica napus L. seedlings from paraquat toxicity through the modulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems

Author:
Hasanuzzaman, Mirza; Nahar, Kamrun; Alam, Md. Mahabub; Bhuyan, M.H.M. Borhannuddin; Oku, Hirosuke; Fujita, Masayuki
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2018 v.126 pp. 173-186
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
ascorbate peroxidase; seedlings; lipid peroxidation; Brassica napus; oxidative stress; dose response; malondialdehyde; glutathione transferase; hydrogen peroxide; proline; nitroprusside; chlorosis; biochemical mechanisms; superoxide anion; leaves; linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase; glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate); water content; toxicity; antioxidant activity; enzyme activity; monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH); glutathione-disulfide reductase; catalase; nitric oxide; glutathione peroxidase; paraquat; chlorophyll
Abstract:
... To investigate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO)-induced paraquat (PQ) tolerance in plants, we pretreated a set of 10-day-old Brassica napus seedlings with 500 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP – a NO donor) for 24 h. Then, three doses of PQ (62.5, 125 and 250 μM) were applied separately, as well as to SNP-pretreated seedlings, and the seedlings were allowed to grow for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.021

3. β-Glucosidase activity in almond seeds

Author:
Del Cueto, Jorge; Møller, Birger Lindberg; Dicenta, Federico; Sánchez-Pérez, Raquel
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2018 v.126 pp. 163-172
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
seedlings; clones; breeding programs; genotype; almonds; beta-glucosidase; nucellus; amino acid sequences; enzyme activity; tobacco; single nucleotide polymorphism; taste; bitterness; amygdalin; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; cotyledons; genomics; ripening; RNA; hydrogen cyanide; agroinfiltration
Abstract:
... Almond bitterness is the most important trait for breeding programs since bitter-kernelled seedlings are usually discarded. Amygdalin and its precursor prunasin are hydrolyzed by specific enzymes called β-glucosidases. In order to better understand the genetic control of almond bitterness, some studies have shown differences in the location of prunasin hydrolases (PH, the β-glucosidase that degrad ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.12.028