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1. Re-introduction of kava (Piper methysticum) to the EU: Is there a way forward?

Author:
Sarris, Jerome; Teschke, Rolf; Stough, Con; Scholey, Andrew; Schweitzer, Isaac
Source:
Planta medica 2011 v.77 no.2 pp. 107-110
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
European Union; Piper methysticum; adverse effects; anxiety; bark; chemotypes; cognition; cultivars; cytochrome P-450; drug therapy; gamma-aminobutyric acid; hepatotoxicity; kava; leaves; liver function; markets; patients; people; Europe; Pacific Ocean Islands
Abstract:
... Kava (Piper methysticum) is an effective anxiolytic that has been withdrawn from various consumer markets in European countries due to concerns over its hepatotoxicity. It is plausible that the reported hepatotoxicity may be due in part to plant substitution, or an incorrect cultivar, or plant parts being used (such as leaves or bark); thus both the plant chemotype and the plant part used may be c ...
DOI:
10.1055/s-0030-1250290
PubMed:
20814850

2. Synthesis, in vitro reactivity, and identification of 6-phenyl-3-hexen-2-one in human urine after kava-kava (Piper methysticum) ingestion

Author:
Zou, L.; Harkey, M.R.; Henderson, G.L.
Source:
Planta medica 2005 v.71 no.2 pp. 142-146
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
Piper methysticum; glutathione; urine; humans; chemical reactions; phytochemicals; plant extracts; herbaceous plants; human health; spectral analysis; kava; chemical structure; hepatotoxicity
DOI:
10.1055/s-2005-837781
PubMed:
15729622

3. Kava does not display metabolic toxicity in a homogeneous cellular assay

Author:
Zou, L.; Harkey, M.R.; Henderson, G.L.; Dike, L.E.
Source:
Planta medica 2004 v.70 no.4 pp. 289-292
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
Piper methysticum; kava; stimulant plants; phytochemicals; lactones; pyrans; pyrones; human health; humans; cell lines; cytotoxicity; biochemical pathways; cytochrome P-450; epoxide hydrolase
DOI:
10.1055/s-2004-818937
PubMed:
15095141

4. Kava hepatotoxicity: Are we any closer to the truth?

Author:
Anke, J.; Ramzan, I.
Source:
Planta medica 2004 v.70 no.3 pp. 193-196
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
herbs; Piper methysticum; alkaloids; glutathione; ethanol; human health; liver failure; cytochrome P-450; kava; stimulant plants; metabolites; hepatotoxicity
DOI:
10.1055/s-2004-815533
PubMed:
15114493

5. Relevant hepatotoxic effects of kava still need to be proven: A statement of the Society for Medicinal Plant Research

Author:
Bauer, R.; Kopp, B.; Nahrstedt, A.
Source:
Planta medica 2003 v.69 no.11 pp. 971-972
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
Piper methysticum; health policy; phytochemicals; human health; kava; adverse effects; hepatotoxicity
DOI:
10.1055/s-2003-45140
PubMed:
14735431

6. Aqueous kava extracts do not affect liver function tests in rats

Author:
Singh, Y.N.; Devkota, A.K.
Source:
Planta medica 2003 v.69 no.6 pp. 496-499
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
Piper methysticum; stimulant plants; roots; plant extracts; lactones; medicinal properties; hepatotoxins; rats; animal models; liver; hepatotoxicity; malondialdehyde; biosynthesis; lipid peroxidation; alanine transaminase; lactate dehydrogenase; aspartate transaminase; alkaline phosphatase; enzyme activity; solvents; biomarkers
DOI:
10.1055/s-2003-40658
PubMed:
12865965

7. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 by extracts and kavalactones of Piper methysticum (Kava-Kava)

Author:
Unger, M.; Holzgrabe, U.; Jacobsen, W.; Cummins, C.; Benet, L.Z.
Source:
Planta medica 2002 v.68 no.12 pp. 1055-1058
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
Piper methysticum; fractionation; lactones; complementary DNA; plant extracts; bioassays; cytochrome P-450; rhizomes; chemical structure; herbal medicines
DOI:
10.1055/s-2002-36360
PubMed:
12494328

8. Kavain attenuates vascular contractility through inhibition of calcium channels

Author:
Martin, H.B.; McCallum, M.; Stofer, W.D.; Eichinger, M.R.
Source:
Planta medica 2002 v.68 no.9 pp. 784-789
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
Piper methysticum; blood vessels; vasoconstriction; muscle contraction; pyrones; medicinal properties; ion transport; smooth muscle; rats; animal models; dose response; chemical constituents of plants
DOI:
10.1055/s-2002-34443
PubMed:
12357387

9. Kavain inhibits murine airway smooth muscle contraction

Author:
Martin, H.B.; Stofer, W.D.; Eichinger, M.R.
Source:
Planta medica 2000 v.66 no.7 pp. 601-606
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
mice; Piper methysticum; roots; medicinal plants; medicinal properties; metabolites; respiratory system; smooth muscle; muscle contraction; dose response
DOI:
10.1055/s-2000-8625
PubMed:
11105562