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1. Antimycobacterial, Cytotoxic, and Antioxidant Activities of Abietane Diterpenoids Isolated from Plectranthus madagascariensis

Author:
Ndjoubi, Kadidiatou O.; Sharma, Rajan; Badmus, Jelili A.; Jacobs, Ayesha; Jordaan, Audrey; Marnewick, Jeanine; Warner, Digby F.; Hussein, Ahmed A.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Plectranthus; X-radiation; antibacterial properties; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; cells; chemical constituents of plants; cytotoxicity; diterpenoids; medicinal plants; minimum inhibitory concentration; psoriasis; quinones; scabies; tamoxifen; tuberculosis; South Africa
Abstract:
... Medicinal plants of the Plectranthus genus (Lamiaceae) are well known for their ethnomedicinal applications. Plectranthus madagascariensis, which is native to South Africa, is traditionally used in the treatment of respiratory conditions, scabies, and cutaneous wounds. The phytochemical studies of P. madagascariensis led to the isolation of five known royleanone abietanes, namely, 6β,7α-dihydroxyr ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010175

2. Cytotoxicity of Ficus Crocata Extract on Cervical Cancer Cells and Protective Effect against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in HaCaT Non-Tumor Cells

Author:
De la Cruz-Concepción, Brenda; Espinoza-Rojo, Mónica; Álvarez-Fitz, Patricia; Illades-Aguiar, Berenice; Acevedo-Quiroz, Macdiel; Zacapala-Gómez, Ana E.; Navarro-Tito, Napoleón; Jiménez-Wences, Hilda; Torres-Rojas, Francisco I.; Mendoza-Catalán, Miguel A.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Ficus; acetone; antioxidant activity; assays; cell viability; chronic diseases; cytotoxicity; drug therapy; free radicals; human cell lines; hydrogen peroxide; leaves; malondialdehyde; metabolites; models; neoplasm cells; oxidative stress; protective effect; uterine cervical neoplasms
Abstract:
... Oxidative stress causes several chronic diseases including cancer. Some chemotherapeutic agents are not selective against tumor cells, causing oxidative stress in non-tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of acetone extract of Ficus crocata(Miq.) Mart. ex Miq. (F. crocata) leaves (Ace-EFc) on cervical cancer cells, as well as its protective effect on hydrogen peroxide (H₂O ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010183

3. Ethylene and Sulfur Coordinately Modulate the Antioxidant System and ABA Accumulation in Mustard Plants under Salt Stress

Author:
Fatma, Mehar; Iqbal, Noushina; Gautam, Harsha; Sehar, Zebus; Sofo, Adriano; D’Ippolito, Ilaria; Khan, Nafees A.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Brassica juncea; abscisic acid; ethephon; ethylene; guard cells; hydrogen peroxide; oxidative stress; phosphorous acid; photosynthesis; salt stress; sodium; soil; stomatal conductance; stomatal movement; sulfur; thylakoids
Abstract:
... This study explored the interactive effect of ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid; an ethylene source) and sulfur (S) in regulating the antioxidant system and ABA content and in maintaining stomatal responses, chloroplast structure, and photosynthetic performance of mustard plants (Brassica juncea L. Czern.) grown under 100 mM NaCl stress. The treatment of ethephon (200 µL L⁻¹) and S (200 mg S ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010180

4. Evaluation of the Impact of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Soybean Seed Germination

Author:
Švubová, Renáta; Slováková, Ľudmila; Holubová, Ľudmila; Rovňanová, Dominika; Gálová, Eliška; Tomeková, Juliána
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
DNA damage; age; air; alcohol dehydrogenase; exposure duration; lactic acid; metabolism; nitrogen; oxygen; seed germination; seed treatment; seedlings; seeds; soybeans; succinate dehydrogenase (quinone); tricarboxylic acid cycle; vigor
Abstract:
... The present study aims to define the effects of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (CAPP) exposure on seed germination of an agriculturally important crop, soybean. Seed treatment with lower doses of CAPP generated in ambient air and oxygen significantly increased the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (Krebs cycle enzyme), proving the switching of the germinating seed metabolism from anoxygenic to ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010177

5. Identification and Mapping of Tomato Genome Loci Controlling Tolerance and Resistance to Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus

Author:
Zinger, Avner; Lapidot, Moshe; Harel, Arye; Doron-Faigenboim, Adi; Gelbart, Dana; Levin, Ilan
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Solanum lycopersicum; Tomato mosaic virus; breeding; disease severity; fruit yield; fruits; genetic markers; genotype; inheritance (genetics); loci; objectives; population; recessive genes; resistance genes; tomatoes; viruses; Israel; Jordan
Abstract:
... Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) was identified in Israel during October 2014 in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). These plants, carrying the durable resistance gene against tomato mosaic virus, Tm-2², displayed severe disease symptoms and losses to fruit yield and quality. These plants were found infected with a tobamovirus similar to that discovered earlier in Jordan. This study was ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010179

6. Leaf Monoterpene Emission Limits Photosynthetic Downregulation under Heat Stress in Field-Grown Grapevine

Author:
Bertamini, Massimo; Faralli, Michele; Varotto, Claudio; Grando, Maria Stella; Cappellin, Luca
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Vitis vinifera; biosynthesis; carbon dioxide; chlorophyll; clones; environment; enzymes; field experimentation; gas exchange; genes; heat stress; heat tolerance; laboratory experimentation; leaves; monoterpenoids; mutation; phenology; photochemistry; photosystem II; radiation resistance; seasons; stomatal conductance; temperature
Abstract:
... Rising temperature is among the most remarkably stressful phenomena induced by global climate changes with negative impacts on crop productivity and quality. It has been previously shown that volatiles belonging to the isoprenoid family can confer protection against abiotic stresses. In this work, two Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Chardonnay’ clones (SMA130 and INRA809) differing due to a mutation (S272P) o ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010181

7. LED Light Quality of Continuous Light before Harvest Affects Growth and AsA Metabolism of Hydroponic Lettuce Grown under Increasing Doses of Nitrogen

Author:
Zhang, Yubin; Zha, Lingyan; Liu, Wenke; Zhou, Chengbo; Shao, Mingjie; Yang, Qichang
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Lactuca sativa; ascorbic acid; blue light; dehydroascorbic acid; hydroponics; lettuce; light quality; metabolism; nitrates; nitrogen; petioles; recycling; red light; sugar content; synthesis; weight
Abstract:
... To study the effects of light quality of continuous light before harvest on the growth and ascorbic acid (AsA) metabolism of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under relative high nitrogen level, lettuce plants grown under different nitrogen levels (8, 10 and 12 mmol·L⁻¹) were subjected to continuous light with different red: blue light ratios (2R:1B and 4R:1B) before harvest. The results showed th ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010176

8. Possible Role of Peroxynitrite in the Responses Induced by Fusicoccin in Plant Cultured Cells

Author:
Malerba, Massimo; Cerana, Raffaella
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Acer pseudoplatanus; DNA fragmentation; apoptosis; cultured cells; cytochrome c; cytosol; endoplasmic reticulum; enzyme activity; fusicoccin; lipid peroxidation; mitochondria; molecular chaperones; proteinases; stress response
Abstract:
... Fusicoccin (FC) is a well-known phytotoxin able to induce in Acer pseudoplatanus L. (sycamore) cultured cells, a set of responses similar to those induced by stress conditions. In this work, the possible involvement of peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) in FC-induced stress responses was studied measuring both in the presence and in the absence of 2,6,8-trihydroxypurine (urate), a specific ONOO⁻ scavenger: (1) ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010182

9. Taxonomy, Morphological and Molecular Identification of the Potato Cyst Nematodes, Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis

Author:
Wainer, John; Dinh, Quang
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Globodera pallida; cyst nematodes; detection; extraction; hosts; paper; pathotypes; potatoes; soil; soil sampling; taxonomy
Abstract:
... The scope of this paper is limited to the taxonomy, detection, and reliable morphological and molecular identification of the potato cyst nematodes (PCN) Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis. It describes the nomenclature, hosts, life cycle, pathotypes, and symptoms of the two species. It also provides detailed instructions for soil sampling and extraction of cysts from soil. The primary focus o ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010184

10. The Past, Present and Future of Cannabis sativa Tissue Culture

Author:
Monthony, Adrian S.; Page, Serena R.; Hesami, Mohsen; Jones, Andrew Maxwell P.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Cannabis sativa; area; biotechnology; botany; cultivars; decline; genotype; germplasm; hemp; history; literature; micropropagation; protocols; publications; reproducibility; research; researchers; tissue culture
Abstract:
... The recent legalization of Cannabis sativa L. in many regions has revealed a need for effective propagation and biotechnologies for the species. Micropropagation affords researchers and producers methods to rapidly propagate insect-/disease-/virus-free clonal plants and store germplasm and forms the basis for other biotechnologies. Despite this need, research in the area is limited due to the long ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010185

11. Whole-Genome DNA Methylation Analysis in Hydrogen Peroxide Overproducing Transgenic Tobacco Resistant to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Author:
Villagómez-Aranda, Ana L.; García-Ortega, Luis F.; Torres-Pacheco, Irineo; Guevara-González, Ramón G.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
DNA methylation; abiotic stress; acclimation; bisulfites; calcium signaling; energy; epigenetics; gene expression regulation; genes; genetically modified organisms; homeostasis; hydrogen peroxide; information; models; phenotype; plant breeding; sequence analysis; stress response; tobacco
Abstract:
... Epigenetic regulation is a key component of stress responses, acclimatization and adaptation processes in plants. DNA methylation is a stable mark plausible for the inheritance of epigenetic traits, such that it is a potential scheme for plant breeding. However, the effect of modulators of stress responses, as hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), in the methylome status has not been elucidated. A transgenic ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010178

12. A Small Number of Gametophytes with Gametangia and Stunted Sporophytes of Antrophyum obovatum Baker (Pteridaceae): The Suppression of Functional Sporophyte Production by Prezygotic and Postzygotic Sterility

Author:
Park, Sang Hee; Kim, Jung Sung; Kim, Hyoung Tae
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Antrophyum; Bryophyta; DNA barcoding; Spermatophytina; environmental factors; ferns and fern allies; gametophytes; genes; juveniles; nutrition; population; sporophytes; supply; South Korea
Abstract:
... Ferns have conspicuous sporophytes as the dominant phase in their life cycle; however, the gametophytes are completely separated from the sporophytes and supply their own nutrition, unlike in bryophytes and seed plants. Among the gametophytes, some maintain their populations in the gametophyte phase without progressing to sporophyte production and are known as independent gametophytes. Independent ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010170

13. Enhanced Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Vicia faba L. Plants Heterologously Expressing the PR10a Gene from Potato

Author:
Desouky, Abeer F.; Ahmed, Ahmed H. Hanafy; Stützel, Hartmut; Jacobsen, Hans-Jörg; Pao, Yi-Chen; Hanafy, Moemen S.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Solanum tuberosum; Vicia faba; drought; faba beans; hydroponics; leaves; osmotic stress; phenotype; potatoes; proteins; salinity; salt stress; stress tolerance; toxicity; transgenes; transgenic plants; vegetative growth; water stress
Abstract:
... Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are known to play relevant roles in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present study, we characterize the response of transgenic faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plants encoding a PR10a gene from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to salinity and drought. The transgene was under the mannopine synthetase (pMAS) promoter. PR10a-overexpressing faba bean p ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010173

14. Fatty Acid Derivatives Isolated from the Oil of Persea americana (Avocado) Protects against Neomycin-Induced Hair Cell Damage

Author:
Park, SeonJu; Jeong, Seo Yule; Nam, Youn Hee; Park, Jun Hyung; Rodriguez, Isabel; Shim, Ji Heon; Yasmin, Tamanna; Kwak, Hee Jae; Oh, Youngse; Oh, Mira; Lee, Kye Wan; Lee, Jung Suk; Kim, Do Hoon; Park, Yu Hwa; Moon, In Seok; Choung, Se-Young; Jeong, Kwang Won; Hong, Bin Na; Kim, Seung Hyun; Kang, Tong Ho
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Danio rerio; Persea americana; avocado oil; avocados; cells; fatty acids; hearing disorders; human health; models; spectral analysis; toxicity
Abstract:
... Avocado oil is beneficial to human health and has been reported to have beneficial effects on sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). However, the compounds in avocado oil that affect SNHL have not been identified. In this study, we identified 20 compounds from avocado oil, including two new and 18 known fatty acid derivatives, using extensive spectroscopic analysis. The efficacy of the isolated compou ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010171

15. Shoot and Root Traits Underlying Genotypic Variation in Early Vigor and Nutrient Accumulation in Spring Wheat Grown in High-Latitude Light Conditions

Author:
Liu, Hui; Fiorani, Fabio; Jäck, Ortrud; Colombi, Tino; Nagel, Kerstin A.; Weih, Martin
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
breeding; calcium; crop production; genetic variation; genotype; greenhouses; lateral roots; latitude; leaf area; length; light; magnesium; nitrogen; nutrient use efficiency; phosphorus; plant nitrogen content; potassium; root systems; spring wheat; sulfur; vigor
Abstract:
... Plants with improved nutrient use efficiency are needed to maintain and enhance future crop plant production. The aim of this study was to explore candidate traits for pre-breeding to improve nutrient accumulation and early vigor of spring wheat grown at high latitudes. We quantified shoot and root traits together with nutrient accumulation in nine contrasting spring wheat genotypes grown in rhizo ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010174

16. Transcriptome Profiling of the Potato Exposed to French Marigold Essential Oil with a Special Emphasis on Leaf Starch Metabolism and Defense against Colorado Potato Beetle

Author:
Stupar, Sofija; Dragićević, Milan; Tešević, Vele; Stanković-Jeremić, Jovana; Maksimović, Vuk; Ćosić, Tatjana; Devrnja, Nina; Tubić, Ljiljana; Cingel, Aleksandar; Vinterhalter, Branka; Ninković, Slavica; Savić, Jelena
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Tagetes patula; bioassays; companion crops; cropping systems; degradation; ecophysiology; essential oils; feeding behavior; fields; flowers; fructose; gas chromatography; gene expression regulation; genes; glucose; larvae; leaves; limonene; mass spectrometry; metabolism; microarray technology; pests; potatoes; repellents; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; starch granules; sucrose; synthesis; terpinolene; transcription (genetics); transcriptomics
Abstract:
... Flower strips of French Marigold are commonly used pest repellents in potato fields. However, the effect of French Marigold volatiles on potato metabolism, physiology and induced defense is unknown. Thus, a microarray transcriptome analysis was performed to study the effects of French Marigold essential oil (EO) on laboratory-grown potato. After 8 h of exposure to EO, with gas chromatography/mass ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010172

17. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Pratylenchus dakotaensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), a New Root-Lesion Nematode Species on Soybean in North Dakota, USA

Author:
Handoo, Zafar A.; Yan, Guiping; Kantor, Mihail R.; Huang, Danqiong; Chowdhury, Intiaz A.; Plaisance, Addison; Bauchan, Gary R.; Mowery, Joseph D.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
DNA; Glycine max; Pratylenchus; USDA; cytochrome-c oxidase; females; genes; genetic variation; genomics; greenhouse production; juveniles; laboratories; length; males; mitochondria; mycology; nematology; nucleotides; phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; polymorphism; root lesion nematodes; root-knot nematodes; sampling; soil; soil sampling; soybeans; North Dakota
Abstract:
... Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) of the genus Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936, are among the most important nematode pests on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), along with soybean cyst and root-knot nematodes. In May 2015 and 2016, a total of six soil samples were collected from a soybean field in Walcott, Richland County, ND and submitted to the Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and B ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010168

18. Physiological and Molecular Traits Associated with Nitrogen Uptake under Limited Nitrogen in Soft Red Winter Wheat

Author:
Lamichhane, Suman; Murata, Chiaki; Griffey, Carl A.; Thomason, Wade E.; Fukao, Takeshi
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; depth; diameter; flowering; gene expression; genotype; grain protein; grain yield; leaves; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nutrient use efficiency; protein content; root growth; roots; soft red winter wheat; supply; surface area; varieties; volume
Abstract:
... A sufficient nitrogen (N) supply is pivotal for high grain yield and desired grain protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Elucidation of physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) will enhance our ability to develop new N-saving varieties in wheat. In this study, we analyzed two soft red winter wheat genotypes, VA08MAS-369 and VA07W-415, with contrast ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010165

19. Reproductive Output and Insect Behavior in Hybrids and Apomicts from Limonium ovalifolium and L. binervosum Complexes (Plumbaginaceae) in an Open Cross-Pollination Experiment

Author:
Conceição, Sofia I. R.; Fernandes, Joana; Borges da Silva, Elsa; Caperta, Ana D.
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Clepsis; Limonium ovalifolium; Tapinoma; apomixis; cross pollination; diploidy; exine; flowers; heterostyly; hybrids; insect behavior; insects; mating systems; objectives; phenotype; plant collections; pollen; pollinators; population; reproductive performance; seedlings; seeds; stigma; tetraploidy; viability
Abstract:
... Ex situ plant collections established from seeds of natural populations are key tools for understanding mating systems of intricate taxonomic complexes, as in the Limonium Mill. genus (sea lavenders, Plumbaginaceae). Plants show a polymorphic sexual system associated to flower polymorphisms such as ancillary pollen and stigma and/or heterostyly that prevents self and intramorph mating. The main ob ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010169

20. Genome-Wide Analysis of the COBRA-Like Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (Glycine max)

Author:
Sangi, Sara; Araújo, Paula M.; Coelho, Fernanda S.; Gazara, Rajesh K.; Almeida-Silva, Fabrício; Venancio, Thiago M.; Grativol, Clicia
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.1
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Glycine max; amino acids; cell walls; cellulose; chromosomes; genes; genome expansion; genome-wide association study; information; mutants; phylogeny; plant development; proteins; soybeans; tissues
Abstract:
... The COBRA-like (COBL) gene family has been associated with the regulation of cell wall expansion and cellulose deposition. COBL mutants result in reduced levels and disorganized deposition of cellulose causing defects in the cell wall and inhibiting plant development. In this study, we report the identification of 24 COBL genes (GmCOBL) in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that th ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10010167