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1. Apparent activation energy of multicomponent transition metal oxalates to probe synthesis of battery precursor materials

Author:
Dong, Hongxu; Gardner, Eiche; Barron, Alexandra Fay; Koenig, Gary M.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 158-164
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; activation energy; batteries; coprecipitation; crystal structure; energy; oxalates; powders
Abstract:
... In this study the apparent activation energy of pure and multicomponent transition metal oxalate coprecipitation reactions were experimentally measured via time dependent extinction of light passing through the reaction solution. These measurements provide a quantitative descriptor of the influence of the relative transition metal composition on the nucleation and growth processes of the precipita ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.082

2. Computational study of particle packing process and fluid flow inside Polydisperse cylindrical particles fixed beds

Author:
Zhang, Minhua; Dong, He; Geng, Zhongfeng
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 19-29
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
equations; extrusion; fluid mechanics; industrial applications; particle size distribution; porosity; powders; strength (mechanics)
Abstract:
... Cylindrical particles have been widely used in fixed bed reactors for their better mechanical strength by extrusion granulation. The size of cylindrical particle often varies each other in industrial application. How size distributions and packing rates of particles influence the packing structures and flow behaviors in fixed bed are still not clear. In present study, Discrete Element Method (DEM) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.061

3. Contact heating of bi-dispersed milli-beads in a rotary drum. Mechanical segregation impact on temperature distribution and on heating kinetic analyzed by DEM simulation

Author:
Mesnier, A.; Rouabah, M.; Cogné, C.; Peczalski, R.; Vessot-Crastes, S.; Vacus, P.; Andrieu, J.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 240-246
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
computer software; drums (equipment); particle size; powders; standard deviation; temperature
Abstract:
... Mechanical and thermal particulate interactions within beds composed of milli-metric size spherical beads rotated and heated by contact in a horizontal drum were simulated by means of commercial discrete element software EDEM. Mono-dispersed, gaussian-dispersed and bi-dispersed beds (two particle sizes or two particle densities) were considered. The mechanical segregation index (standard deviation ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.059

4. Direct numerical simulation study of droplet spreading on spherical particles

Author:
Milacic, E.; Baltussen, M.W.; Kuipers, J.A.M.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 11-18
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
contact angle; droplets; mathematical models; powders
Abstract:
... Direct Numerical Simulations have been performed to study the droplet spreading behaviour on a spherical surface. A coupled immersed boundary and volume of fluid method is used to represent the gas-liquid-solid interactions. The contact area of the droplet on the surface is recorded in order to fit the initial spreading with a power-law representation, using the contact-angle and interface curvatu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.064

5. Drag coefficient prediction for non-spherical particles in dense gas–solid two-phase flow using artificial neural network

Author:
Yan, Shengnan; He, Yurong; Tang, Tianqi; Wang, Tianyu
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 115-124
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
Reynolds number; drag coefficient; fluidized beds; neural networks; powders; prediction
Abstract:
... Artificial neural network (ANN) was adopted to predict and analyze the relationship of drag coefficient, Reynolds number, and sphericity for non-spherical particles in dense gas–solid two-phase flow. We first employed Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) to predict drag coefficients based on experimental results (Pettyjohn, 1948; Yow et al., 2005) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.049

6. Effect of Schmidt number and D/d ratio on mass transfer through gas-solid and liquid-solid packed beds: Direct numerical simulations

Author:
Bale, Shivkumar; Tiwari, Shashank S.; Nandakumar, Krishnaswamy; Joshi, Jyeshtharaj B.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 529-539
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
geometry; mass transfer; mathematical models; model validation; powders; probability distribution; solutes
Abstract:
... The effect of Schmidt number (Sc) and D/d ratio on mass transfer through gas-solid and liquid-solid packed beds was studied. The parameters investigated in this study were Sc = 1, 10, 100 and 1000, Re ≤ 100, D/d = 6 and 11, and the void fraction was kept constant at 0.57. DEM-CFD simulations were conducted to create the random geometry of the packed bed. Model validation and mesh independency was ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.067

7. Effect of ultrasonic intensification on synthesis of nano-sized particles with an impinging jet reactor

Author:
Guo, Yanqing; Yang, Xiaogang; Li, Guang; Dong, Bin; Chen, Luming
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 218-230
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
bubbles; chemical reactions; hydrodynamics; kinetics; liquids; nanoparticles; powders; surface area; turbulent flow; ultrasonics
Abstract:
... The preparation of nanoparticles can be conducted in a fast way by intensifying the micromixing due to the enhanced turbulence in an impinging jet Reactor (IJR) where the two linear liquid jets collide with high velocity to diminish the segregation. However, the micromixing is significantly affected by the occurrence of the stagnant region which may partially choke the reaction chamber. By imposin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.066

8. Evaluating porous polylactide-co-glycolide/bioactive glass composite microsphere powders for laser sintering of scaffolds

Author:
Karl, David; Jastram, Ben; Kamm, Paul H.; Schwandt, Hartmut; Gurlo, Aleksander; Schmidt, Franziska
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 289-300
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; biomimetics; composite materials; computed tomography; emulsions; glass; microparticles; particle size distribution; polylactic acid; porosity; powders; scanning electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopy; surface area; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... While laser sintering (LS) processes are typically optimised towards denser powder beds, our approach is different as we investigate the use of non-dense powder beds made of porous composite powder materials of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and bioactive glass (BG) 45S5. Powders were produced via solid-in-oil-in-water emulsion with modified BG as porogen and changing PLGA:BG ratios with up to 50 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.06.010

9. Experimental investigation on the performance of a novel magnetized apparatus used to improve the dust suppression ability of surfactant-magnetized water

Author:
Zhou, Qun; Qin, Botao; Wang, Fei; Wang, Hetang
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 149-157
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
accidents; coal; contact angle; dust; magnetic fields; powders; surface tension; surfactants; water flow; wettability; wind
Abstract:
... Pneumoconiosis and explosion accidents caused by coal dust are serious threats to workers in underground coal mines. Capturing dust with surfactant-magnetized water (SMW) is an efficient method to lower the coal dust concentration. To optimize the performance of a novel magnetized apparatus that used to improve the dust wetting features of the SMW, two self-constructed experimental systems were ut ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.081

10. Flow regimes of cohesionless ellipsoidal particles in a rotating drum

Author:
He, S.Y.; Gan, J.Q.; Pinson, D.; Yu, A.B.; Zhou, Z.Y.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 174-187
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
angle of repose; drums (equipment); energy; powders; rolling
Abstract:
... Discrete element method (DEM) has been extensively used in the past to study granular flow in rotating drums, but mainly focussed on spherical particles. Particle shape, as one of the major particle characteristics, can significantly affect the flow behaviour of granular materials. However, how particle shape affects the flow regimes in rotating drums, has not been well studied in the literature. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.083

11. Highly efficient self-template synthesis of porous silica nanorods from natural palygorskite

Author:
Wang, Wenbo; Dong, Wenkai; Tian, Guangyan; Sun, Luyi; Wang, Qin; Hui, Aiping; Mu, Bin; Wang, Aiqin
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
nanorods; palygorskite; porosity; powders; silica; surface area
Abstract:
... A simple one-step hydrothermal acid-leaching process was employed to efficiently convert natural Pal to porous silica nanorods with a high SiO2 content and decent length of nanorods. At a lower acid concentration (2.0 mol/L), silica nanorods with the SiO2 content of 97.84% and a rod length equal to original length of Pal nanorods were obtained by this process; while only the products with lower Si ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.075

12. Integrated modeling of a continuous direct compression tablet manufacturing process: A production scale case study

Author:
Galbraith, S.C.; Cha, B.; Huang, Z.; Park, S.; Liu, H.; Meyer, R.F.; Flamm, M.H.; Hurley, S.; Zhang-Plasket, F.; Yoon, S.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 199-210
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
Monte Carlo method; case studies; data collection; equations; hardness; ingredients; manufacturing; mixing; models; powders; prediction; New Jersey
Abstract:
... A flowsheet model for a continuous direct compression tableting process is developed and applied to process data generated at production scale. The model contains powder feeding, blending and tablet compaction unit operations. The dataset was provided by Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ USA using a GEA ConsiGma™ continuous direct compression process designed for approximately 50 kg/h throughput u ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.078

13. Investigation of the nucleation, propagation and coalescence of hydraulic fractures in glutenite reservoirs using a coupled fluid flow-DEM approach

Author:
Zhang, Guodong; Sun, Shuangshuang; Chao, Kun; Niu, Ruobing; Liu, Bingjie; Li, Yue; Wang, Fei
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 301-313
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
algorithms; energy; geometry; gravel; particle size distribution; powders
Abstract:
... This paper presented a coupled fluid flow-DEM approach to investigate the nucleation, propagation and coalescence of hydraulic fractures in glutenite reservoirs, where embedded gravel causes strong stress concentration at the interfaces between gravel and matrix and significantly affects local mechanical response. The geometry heterogeneity induced by embedded gravel and multi-sized grains was acc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.073

14. Laminar forced convection performance of non-Newtonian water-CNT/Fe3O4 nano-fluid inside a minichannel hairpin heat exchanger: Effect of inlet temperature

Author:
Liu, W.I.; Al-Rashed, Abdullah A.A.A.; Alsagri, Ali Sulaiman; Mahmoudi, Boshra; Shahsavar, Amin; Afrand, Masoud
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 247-258
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
Reynolds number; carbon nanotubes; convection; heat exchangers; heat transfer coefficient; iron oxides; nanofluids; powders; thermal conductivity; viscosity; water temperature
Abstract:
... This numerical study aims to focus on the effect of difference between the inlet temperatures of working fluids on the hydrothermal characteristics of a counter-current minichannel hairpin heat exchanger. The water flows in the annulus side and the water based hybrid nano-fluid containing Fe3O4 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) passes through the tube side of heat exchanger. Temperature-dependent therma ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.079

15. Liquid redistribution upon the liquid-bridge rupture between two unequal particles with a minimal energy method

Author:
Wu, Dongling; Zhou, Ping; Zhao, Baojun; Howes, Tony; Wang, Geoff
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 165-173
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
computer software; contact angle; energy; equations; liquids; mathematical models; powders; prediction; regression analysis
Abstract:
... For a polydisperse particulate system, the formation and the rupture of the liquid bridge between two unequal particles have significant effects on the local liquid distribution and the system performance. This work investigated the liquid redistribution behavior upon the liquid-bridge rupture based on the minimal energy method by means of the software Surface Evolver (SE). The redistribution beha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.057

16. MicroCT imaging to determine coordination number and contact area of biomass particles in densified assemblies

Author:
Karamchandani, Apoorva; Yi, Hojae; Puri, Virendra M.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 466-475
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; biomass; image analysis; micro-computed tomography; powders; temperature
Abstract:
... Coordination number, denoting the number of neighboring particles contacting one central particle, and the corresponding contact area can provide crucial information about the arrangement of particles for the formation of a stable assembly. Towards that goal, two temperatures (75 °C and 90 °C) and two pressures (60 MPa and 100 MPa) were selected to form densified assemblies of biomass particles. L ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.06.002

17. Mixing uniformity of irregular sand and gravel materials in a rotating drum with determination of contact model parameters

Author:
Jiang, Shengqiang; Ye, Yixuan; He, Mingxue; Duan, Chunyan; Liu, Sisi; Liu, Jingang; Xiao, Xiangwu; Zhang, Hao; Tan, Yuanqiang
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 377-391
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
drums (equipment); gravel; mathematical models; mixing; physical properties; sand
Abstract:
... A reasonable choice of the physical and contact parameters directly affects the accuracy of the simulation results, particularly when the discrete element method (DEM) is used to study the particle motion or collision events. To investigate the mixing uniformity of irregular gravel and sand materials in the rotating drum, the physical properties of irregular particles were measured, and various ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.06.005

18. Modelling bulk solid flow interactions in transfer chutes: Shearing flow

Author:
Ilic, D.; Roberts, A.; Wheeler, C.; Katterfeld, A.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 30-44
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
case studies; chutes; coal; conveyors; mechanics; models; powders; quantitative analysis; transportation
Abstract:
... In the field of handling, storage and transportation, chutes are used to transfer bulk solids between conveyors. In these systems, traditional analysis methods based on the principle of continuum mechanics approximate an accelerated stream that incorporates physical bulk solid properties obtained from standardised tests. Due to difficulties in physically observing the flow within the transfer stru ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.058

19. Multi-scale characterization of precipitated silica

Author:
Meier, Manuel; Sonnick, Sebastian; Asylbekov, Ermek; Rädle, Matthias; Nirschl, Hermann
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 45-51
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
centrifugation; electron microscopy; fractal dimensions; mathematical models; porosity; powders; sediments; silica; small-angle X-ray scattering
Abstract:
... In this study, we performed a multi-scale characterization of precipitated silica including small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), analytical (ultra-) centrifugation as well as electron microscopy and pore size determination techniques. Information about the primary particles and their size distribution within the aggregate, the aggregate size and its fractal dimension, as well as mesoscopic bulk pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.072

20. Numerical prediction of the mean residence time of solid materials in a pilot-scale rotary kiln

Author:
Haeldermans, T.; Lataf, M.A.; Vanroelen, G.; Samyn, P.; Vandamme, D.; Cuypers, A.; Vanreppelen, K.; Schreurs, S.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.354 pp. 392-401
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
kilns; mathematical models; prediction
Abstract:
... Five models that predict the Mean Residence Time (MRT) of solids in a rotary kiln are tested on three materials and validated experimentally. Furthermore, the influence of the kiln rotational speed and incline on the MRT was investigated. Determination and modelling of the MRT in pilot-scale reactors (length/diameter = 10.5) without a discharge dam, has not been studied yet. The prediction of the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2019.06.008