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You searched for: Journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Remove constraint Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Publication Year 2007 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2007 Source 2007 v.104 no.47 Remove constraint Source: 2007 v.104 no.47
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1. Aberrant expression of zinc transporter ZIP4 (SLC39A4) significantly contributes to human pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and progression

Author:
Li, Min; Zhang, Yuqing; Liu, Zijuan; Bharadwaj, Uddalak; Wang, Hao; Wang, Xinwen; Zhang, Sheng; Liuzzi, Juan P.; Chang, Shou-Mei; Cousins, Robert J.; Fisher, William E.; Brunicardi, F. Charles; Logsdon, Craig D.; Chen, Changyi; Yao, Qizhi
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18636-18641
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
adenocarcinoma; ascites; cell proliferation; epithelium; gene expression; humans; messenger RNA; mice; models; neoplasm cells; pancreatic neoplasms; pathogenesis; risk; transcription factors; transporters; zinc
Abstract:
... Zinc is an essential trace element and catalytic/structural component used by many metalloenzymes and transcription factors. Recent studies indicate a possible correlation of zinc levels with the cancer risk; however, the exact role of zinc and zinc transporters in cancer progression is unknown. We have observed that a zinc transporter, ZIP4 (SLC39A4), was substantially overexpressed in 16 of 17 ( ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0709307104
PubMed:
18003899
PubMed Central:
PMC2141829

2. A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay

Author:
Cloern, James E.; Jassby, Alan D.; Thompson, Janet K.; Hieb, Kathryn A.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18561-18565
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Bivalvia; Metacarcinus magister; Parophrys vetulus; algal blooms; biomass; cold; community structure; ecosystems; estuaries; filtration; immigration; juveniles; nitrogen; nutrients; phosphorus; phytoplankton; predation; predators; primary productivity; shrimp; wastewater; watersheds; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... Ecological observations sustained over decades often reveal abrupt changes in biological communities that signal altered ecosystem states. We report a large shift in the biological communities of San Francisco Bay, first detected as increasing phytoplankton biomass and occurrences of new seasonal blooms that began in 1999. This phytoplankton increase is paradoxical because it occurred in an era of ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0706151104
PubMed:
18000053
PubMed Central:
PMC2141816

3. Activation of tissue transglutaminase transcription by histone deacetylase inhibition as a therapeutic approach for Myc oncogenesis

Author:
Liu, Tao; Tee, Andrew E.L.; Porro, Antonio; Smith, Stewart A.; Dwarte, Tanya; Liu, Pei Yan; Iraci, Nunzio; Sekyere, Eric; Haber, Michelle; Norris, Murray D.; Diolaiti, Daniel; Della Valle, Giuliano; Perini, Giovanni; Marshall, Glenn M.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18682-18687
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
antineoplastic activity; antineoplastic agents; apoptosis; binding sites; breast neoplasms; carcinogenesis; cell differentiation; cell proliferation; chromatin; complementary DNA; crosslinking; histone deacetylase; mice; microarray technology; neoplasm cells; oncogene proteins; precipitin tests; protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase; therapeutics; transactivators; transcription (genetics); transgenic animals; tumor suppressor genes
Abstract:
... Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors reactivate tumor suppressor gene transcription; induce cancer cell differentiation, growth arrest, and programmed cell death; and are among the most promising new classes of anticancer drugs. Myc oncoproteins can block cell differentiation and promote cell proliferation and malignant transformation, in some cases by modulating target gene transcription. Here, ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0705524104
PubMed:
18003922
PubMed Central:
PMC2141837

4. A distinct mechanism regulating a pollen-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rop in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author:
Zhang, Yan; McCormick, Sheila
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18830
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; guanosinetriphosphatase; G-proteins; protein-protein interactions; protein kinases; pollen; gene overexpression; pollen tubes
Abstract:
... Rop/Rac small GTPases are central to diverse developmental and cellular activities in plants, playing an especially important role in polar growth of pollen tubes. Although it is established that a class of plant-specific RopGEFs promotes the activity of Rop/Rac through the catalytic PRONE (Plant-specific Rop nucleotide exchanger) domain, not much is known about how RopGEF function is controlled t ...
Handle:
10113/9950
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0705874104
PubMed:
18000057
PubMed Central:
PMC2141862

5. A human Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter sharing evolutionary origins with bacterial NhaA may be a candidate gene for essential hypertension

Author:
Xiang, Minghui; Feng, Mingye; Muend, Sabina; Rao, Rajini
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18677-18681
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Homo sapiens; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; aspartic acid; chromosomes; genes; homeostasis; humans; hydrogen; hypertension; ions; lithium; mice; mutagenicity; phenotype; phylogeny; plasma membrane; potassium; pumps; sequence homology; sodium; sodium-hydrogen antiporter; tissues; yeasts
Abstract:
... Phylogenetic analysis of the cation/proton antiporter superfamily has uncovered a previously unknown clade of genes in metazoan genomes, including two previously uncharacterized human isoforms, NHA1 and NHA2, found in tandem on human chromosome 4. The NHA (sodium hydrogen antiporter) family members share significant sequence similarity with Escherichia coli NhaA, including a conserved double aspar ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0707120104
PubMed:
18000046
PubMed Central:
PMC2141836

6. Allelic variant in CTLA4 alters T cell phosphorylation patterns

Author:
Maier, Lisa M.; Anderson, David E.; De Jager, Philip L.; Wicker, Linda S.; Hafler, David A.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18607-18612
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
3' untranslated regions; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; alleles; antigens; autoimmune diseases; genotype; humans; phosphorylation; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Little is known regarding the functional effects of common autoimmune susceptibility variants on human immune cells. The SNP CT60 (rs3087243; A/G) located in the 3' UTR of the CTLA4 gene has been associated with autoimmune diseases. We examined a cohort of healthy individuals stratified by genotypes at CTLA4 to gain insight into the functional effects of allelic variation on T cell signaling. Usin ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0706409104
PubMed:
18000051
PubMed Central:
PMC2141824

7. AMPA receptors and stargazin-like transmembrane AMPA receptor-regulatory proteins mediate hippocampal kainate neurotoxicity

Author:
Tomita, Susumu; Byrd, R. Keith; Rouach, Nathalie; Bellone, Camilla; Venegas, Angela; O'Brien, Jessica L.; Kim, Kwang S.; Olsen, Olav; Nicoll, Roger A.; Bredt, David S.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18784-18788
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
agonists; cell death; glutamic acid; hippocampus; knockout mutants; mice; neurons; neurotoxicity; neurotoxins; poisoning; receptors; seizures; shellfish
Abstract:
... Naturally occurring glutamate analogs, such as kainate and domoate, which cause excitotoxic shellfish poisoning, induce nondesensitizing responses at neuronal α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. In addition to acting on AMPA receptors, kainate and domoate also activate high-affinity kainate-type glutamate receptors. The receptor type that mediates their neurotoxi ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0708970104
PubMed:
18000041
PubMed Central:
PMC2141854

8. An Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity molybdate transporter required for efficient uptake of molybdate from soil

Author:
Tomatsu, Hajime; Takano, Junpei; Takahashi, Hideki; Watanabe-Takahashi, Akiko; Shibagaki, Nakako; Fujiwara, Toru
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18807-18812
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; transporters; molybdenum; physiological transport; nutrient uptake; genes; gene expression; messenger RNA; roots; shoots; cytochemistry; plasma membrane; nutrient transport; translocation (plant physiology)
Abstract:
... Molybdenum (Mo) is a trace element essential for living organisms, however no molybdate transporter has been identified in eukaryotes. Here, we report the identification of a molybdate transporter, MOT1, from Arabidopsis thaliana. MOT1 is expressed in both roots and shoots, and the MOT1 protein is localized, in part, to plasma membranes and to vesicles. MOT1 is required for efficient uptake and tr ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0706373104
PubMed:
18003916
PubMed Central:
PMC2141858

9. An Ryr1I⁴⁸⁹⁵T mutation abolishes Ca²⁺ release channel function and delays development in homozygous offspring of a mutant mouse line

Author:
Zvaritch, Elena; Depreux, Frederic; Kraeva, Natasha; Loy, Ryan E.; Goonasekera, Sanjeewa A.; Boncompagi, Simona; Kraev, Alexander; Gramolini, Anthony O.; Dirksen, Robert T.; Franzini-Armstrong, Clara; Seidman, Christine E.; Seidman, J.G.; MacLennan, David H.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18537-18542
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
asphyxia; bone formation; calcium; calcium signaling; electron microscopy; embryogenesis; growth retardation; heterozygosity; homozygosity; humans; mice; models; muscles; mutants; mutation; myofibrils; phenotype; progeny; skeletal muscle
Abstract:
... A heterozygous Ile4898 to Thr (I4898T) mutation in the human type 1 ryanodine receptor/Ca²⁺ release channel (RyR1) leads to a severe form of central core disease. We created a mouse line in which the corresponding Ryr1I⁴⁸⁹⁵T mutation was introduced by using a "knockin" protocol. The heterozygote does not exhibit an overt disease phenotype, but homozygous (IT/IT) mice are paralyzed and die perinata ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0709312104
PubMed:
18003898
PubMed Central:
PMC2141812

10. Anyonic braiding in optical lattices

Author:
Zhang, Chuanwei; Scarola, V.W.; Tewari, Sumanta; Das Sarma, S.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18415-18420
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
cold; models; motivation; statistics; topology
Abstract:
... Topological quantum states of matter, both Abelian and non-Abelian, are characterized by excitations whose wavefunctions undergo nontrivial statistical transformations as one excitation is moved (braided) around another. Topological quantum computation proposes to use the topological protection and the braiding statistics of a non-Abelian topological state to perform quantum computation. The enorm ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0709075104
PubMed:
18000038
PubMed Central:
PMC2141791

11. A quantum-chemical picture of hemoglobin affinity

Author:
Alcantara, R.E.; Xu, C.; Spiro, T.G.; Guallar, V.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18451-18455
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
energy; heme; hemoglobin; histidine; ligands; mechanics
Abstract:
... Understanding the molecular mechanism of hemoglobin cooperativity remains an enduring challenge. Protein forces that control ligand affinity are not directly accessible by experiment. We demonstrate that computational quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics methods can provide reasonable values of ligand binding energies in Hb, and of their dependence on allostery. About 40% of the binding energy di ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0706026104
PubMed:
18003918
PubMed Central:
PMC2141797

12. A recurrent inversion on the eutherian X chromosome

Author:
Cáceres, Mario; Sullivan, Robert T.; Thomas, James W.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18571-18576
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
X chromosome; chromosome inversions; evolution; gene conversion; genome; homologous recombination; human population; humans; loci; models; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... Chromosomal inversions have an important role in evolution, and an increasing number of inversion polymorphisms are being identified in the human population. The evolutionary history of these inversions and the mechanisms by which they arise are therefore of significant interest. Previously, a polymorphic inversion on human chromosome Xq28 that includes the FLNA and EMD loci was discovered and hyp ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0706604104
PubMed:
18003915
PubMed Central:
PMC2141818

13. A self-consistent theory for graphene transport

Author:
Adam, Shaffique; Hwang, E.H.; Galitski, V.M.; Das Sarma, S.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18392-18397
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
electrical conductivity; graphene; magnetic fields
Abstract:
... We demonstrate theoretically that most of the observed transport properties of graphene sheets at zero magnetic field can be explained by scattering from charged impurities. We find that, contrary to common perception, these properties are not universal but depend on the concentration of charged impurities nimp. For dirty samples (250 x 10¹⁰ cm⁻² < nimp < 400 x 10¹⁰ cm⁻²), the value of the minimum ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0704772104
PubMed:
18003926
PubMed Central:
PMC2141788

14. A tensor higher-order singular value decomposition for integrative analysis of DNA microarray data from different studies

Author:
Omberg, Larsson; Golub, Gene H.; Alter, Orly
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18371-18376
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
DNA microarrays; DNA replication; apoptosis; cell cycle; gene expression; genes; hydrogen peroxide; menadione; messenger RNA; pentose phosphate cycle; yeasts
Abstract:
... We describe the use of a higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) in transforming a data tensor of genes x "x-settings," that is, different settings of the experimental variable x x "y-settings," which tabulates DNA microarray data from different studies, to a "core tensor" of "eigenarrays" x "x-eigengenes" x "y-eigengenes." Reformulating this multilinear HOSVD such that it decomposes the ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0709146104
PubMed:
18003902
PubMed Central:
PMC2147680

15. Attosecond electron pulses for 4D diffraction and microscopy

Author:
Baum, Peter; Zewail, Ahmed H.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18409-18414
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
electrons; microscopy; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... In this contribution, we consider the advancement of ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy to cover the attosecond time domain. The concept is centered on the compression of femtosecond electron packets to trains of 15-attosecond pulses by the use of the ponderomotive force in synthesized gratings of optical fields. Such attosecond electron pulses are significantly shorter than those achie ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0709019104
PubMed:
18000040
PubMed Central:
PMC2141790

16. B1500, a small membrane protein, connects the two-component systems EvgS/EvgA and PhoQ/PhoP in Escherichia coli

Author:
Eguchi, Yoko; Itou, Junji; Yamane, Masatake; Demizu, Ryo; Yamato, Fumiyuki; Okada, Ario; Mori, Hirotada; Kato, Akinori; Utsumi, Ryutaro
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18712-18717
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Escherichia coli; bacteria; membrane proteins; regulon; signal transduction
Abstract:
... Two-component signal-transduction systems (TCSs) of bacteria are considered to form an intricate signal network to cope with various environmental stresses. One example of such a network in Escherichia coli is the signal transduction cascade from the EvgS/EvgA system to the PhoQ/PhoP system, where activation of the EvgS/EvgA system promotes expression of PhoP-activated genes. As a factor connectin ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0705768104
PubMed:
17998538
PubMed Central:
PMC2141842

17. Bimolecular complementation reveals that glycoproteins gB and gH/gL of herpes simplex virus interact with each other during cell fusion

Author:
Atanasiu, Doina; Whitbeck, J. Charles; Cairns, Tina M.; Reilly, Brigid; Cohen, Gary H.; Eisenberg, Roselyn J.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18718-18723
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
cell fusion; confocal microscopy; exposure duration; fluorescence; giant cells; glycoproteins; herpes simplex; multiprotein complexes; receptors; recombinant fusion proteins; viruses; yellow fluorescent protein
Abstract:
... Herpes simplex virus entry into cells requires four glycoproteins, gB, gD, gH, and gL. Binding of gD to one of its receptors triggers steps requiring the core fusion proteins, gB and the gH/gL heterodimer. There is evidence that gH/gL initiates hemifusion of cells, but whether this complex interacts physically with gB to cause complete fusion is unknown. We used bimolecular complementation (BiMC) ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0707452104
PubMed:
18003913
PubMed Central:
PMC2141843

18. Blood-borne soluble protein antigen intensifies T cell activation in autoimmune CNS lesions and exacerbates clinical disease

Author:
Odoardi, F.; Kawakami, N.; Klinkert, W.E.F.; Wekerle, H.; Flügel, A.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18625-18630
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
T-lymphocytes; antigen-presenting cells; antigens; blood flow; brain; cytokines; encephalitis; image analysis; inflammation; myelin sheath; ovalbumin; sclerosis
Abstract:
... We explored the effect of i.v. soluble antigen on autoaggressive, myelin basic protein-specific effector T cells within their target organ during acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Intravital two-photon imaging revealed that i.v. autoantigen reached the CNS and was taken up and processed by antigen-presenting cells within 30 min after injection. The exogenous autoantigen dramat ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0705033104
PubMed:
18000062
PubMed Central:
PMC2141827

19. Cell adhesion and cortex contractility determine cell patterning in the Drosophila retina

Author:
Käfer, Jos; Hayashi, Takashi; Marée, Athanasius F.M.; Carthew, Richard W.; Graner, François
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18549-18554
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Drosophila melanogaster; retina; cell adhesion; ommatidia; cadherins
Abstract:
... Because of the resemblance of many epithelial tissues to densely packed soap bubbles, it has been suggested that surface minimization, which drives soap bubble packing, could be governing cell packing as well. We test this by modeling the shape of the cells in a Drosophila retina ommatidium. We use the observed configurations and shapes in wild-type flies, as well as in flies with different number ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0704235104
PubMed:
18003929
PubMed Central:
PMC2141814

20. Circadian rhythms of superhelical status of DNA in cyanobacteria

Author:
Woelfle, Mark A.; Xu, Yao; Qin, Ximing; Johnson, Carl Hirschie
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 v.104 no.47 pp. 18819-18824
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Synechococcus elongatus; chromosomes; circadian rhythm; gene expression regulation; genes; models; plasmids; topology
Abstract:
... The cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus expresses robust circadian (daily) rhythms under the control of the KaiABC-based core clockwork. Unlike eukaryotic circadian systems characterized thus far, the cyanobacterial clockwork modulates gene expression patterns globally and specific clock gene promoters are not necessary in mediating the circadian feedback loop. The oscilloid model postulates th ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0706069104
PubMed:
18000054
PubMed Central:
PMC2141860