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1. Preparation and characterization of Cu–rare earth/Al₂O₃ catalysts and their application in the electrochemical removal of p-nitrophenol

Author:
Duan, Xiaoyue; Ren, Fang; Chang, Limin
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106387-106395
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; aluminum oxide; benzoquinones; catalysts; catechol; copper; crystal structure; electrochemistry; electrolysis; heat treatment; high performance liquid chromatography; hydroquinone; hydroxyl radicals; maleic acid; oxalic acid; oxidation; p-nitrophenol; phenol; scanning electron microscopy; succinic acid; temperature
Abstract:
... Cu and rare earth composite catalysts (Cu–rare earth/Al₂O₃) were prepared on Al₂O₃ particles using an impregnation method for the electro-catalytic oxidation of p-nitrophenol in this study. The surface topography and crystal structure of the products were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Results show that the Cu–rare earth/Al₂O₃ particles have a beneficial ef ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra21164j

2. The design, synthesis and biological evaluation of pro-EGCG derivatives as novel anti-vitiligo agents

Author:
Wang, Siyu; Jin, Rong; Wang, Ruiquan; Hu, Yongzhou; Dong, Xiaowu; Xu, Ai e
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106308-106315
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
antioxidants; cell death; epigallocatechin gallate; lactate dehydrogenase; melanocytes; membrane permeability; non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase; oxidants; protective effect; therapeutics
Abstract:
... With the aim of overcoming the instability and poor membrane permeability of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a series of prodrugs of EGCG and its derivatives (pro-EGCGs) were designed and synthesized, and their protective effect on melanocytes against H₂O₂-induced cell damage was biologically evaluated. The enhanced potency of pro-EGCGs could be clearly observed, and the most potent compound, 3 ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra23172a

3. Dioxin sensing properties of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride based van der Waals solids: a first-principles study

Author:
Kamaraj, M.; Sundar, J. Vijaya; Subramanian, V.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 107114-107126
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
boron nitride; density functional theory; energy; graphene; nanomaterials; pollutants; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; van der Waals forces
Abstract:
... The changes in the electronic properties of single and bilayers of graphene (G) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) two dimensional (2D) sheets have been investigated upon interaction with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) by employing density functional theory (DFT) based calculations. The calculated interaction energy, band gap and charge transfer reveal that bilayer h-BN (BLBN) may serv ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra18976h

4. Effect of guests on the adsorption interaction between a hydrate cage and guests

Author:
Liu, Chanjuan; Zhang, Zhengcai; Guo, Guang-Jun
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106443-106452
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Gibbs free energy; activation energy; adsorption; carbon dioxide; ethane; gases; hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide; propane
Abstract:
... The adsorption interaction between a water cage and a guest molecule, shown by the potential of mean force (PMF), is key to understanding hydrate formation mechanisms. In this work, we performed a series of PMF calculations to investigate how the guests affect adsorption interactions. We considered spherical guests for five species of inert gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe), and non-spherical guests ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra21513k

5. Regioselective “hydroamination” of alk-3-ynones with non-symmetrical o-phenylenediamines. Synthesis of diversely substituted 3H-1,5-benzodiazepines via (Z)-3-amino-2-alkenones

Author:
Young, Jonathon; Schäfer, Christian; Solan, Agnes; Baldrica, Anthony; Belcher, Miranda; Nişanci, Bilal; Wheeler, Kraig A.; R. Trivedi, Evan; Török, Béla; Dembinski, Roman
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 107081-107093
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
acetic acid; alkynes; ambient temperature; cyclization reactions; ethanol; regioselectivity; stereochemistry
Abstract:
... The reaction of alk-3-yn-1-ones (a bifunctional reagent) with o-phenylenediamines provides an effective synthetic method with high atom economy for the preparation of diversely substituted 1,5-3H-benzodiazepines. The reaction initially leads to the formation of conjugated enaminones (3-amino-2-alkenones, 51–99%), at room temperature, which constitutes a formal non-catalyzed hydroamination of the n ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra24291j

6. Remote stereocontrolled asymmetric 1,6-addition/1,4-addition cascade reactions between cyclic dienones and 2-indolinethiones

Author:
Sun, Xiaohua; Fei, Jie; Zou, Chuncheng; Lu, Min; Ye, Jinxing
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106676-106679
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
catalysts; enantioselectivity; processing chemistry
Abstract:
... Highly enantioselective 1,6-addition/1,4-addition cascade reactions between cyclic dienones and 2-indolnethiones have been realized by employing a cinchona-based primary amine catalyst. This method displays a broad substrate scope and provides a simple and highly effective way to achieve the chiral spiro[thiopyranoindole-cyclohexanone] scaffold. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra19916j

7. Advanced nitrogen removal from the biological secondary effluent of dyeing wastewater via a biological–ferric–carbon nitrification and denitrification process

Author:
Chen, Hong; Xue, Gang; Jiang, Mengran; Cheng, Yuying
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106951-106959
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
ammonium nitrogen; biological treatment; carbon; chemical oxygen demand; coagulation; denitrification; iron; liquids; nitrate nitrogen; nitrification; nitrifying bacteria; nitrogen; sludge; total nitrogen; wastewater
Abstract:
... It is often difficult for the ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) concentration in biological secondary effluent of dyeing wastewater to reach the discharge standard by biological treatment due to the nitrogen-containing auxiliary application. Therefore, a biological–ferric–carbon nitrification and denitrification process is applied in this study. In the ferric carbon system, either under the condition of s ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra15130b

8. Ambient-temperature fabrication of melamine-based sponges coated with hydrophobic lignin shells by surface dip adsorbing for oil/water separation

Author:
Lei, Zhiwen; Deng, Yonghong; Wang, Chaoyang
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106928-106934
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
absorption; adsorption; ambient temperature; compressibility; dipping; energy; hydrophobicity; lignin; oil spills; oils; porosity; tetrahydrofuran
Abstract:
... A melamine-based sponge with a highly hydrophobic surface, high porosity and low density, is facilely fabricated through a simple surface adsorption technique that consisted of dipping in a tetrahydrofuran solution containing renewable alkali lignin and carbodiimide-modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The entire process can be performed at ambient temperature without consuming a large amount of ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra18329h

9. Carbon nanotube reinforced flexible multifunctional regenerated cellulose films for nonlinear optical application

Author:
Raghunathan, Sreejesh Poikavila; Narayanan, Sona; Joseph, Rani
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 107029-107039
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
carbon nanotubes; cellulose; composite films; composite materials; dielectric permittivity; dielectric properties; electrical conductivity; electrical equipment; energy; mechanical properties; mixing; modulus of elasticity; optical properties; photons; scanning electron microscopy; wavelengths
Abstract:
... Flexible regenerated cellulose/multiwalled carbon nanotube (RC–CNT) composites were successfully fabricated using a simple solution blending technique. The influence of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) on the mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties of the regenerated cellulose was evaluated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirmed the unifor ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra21126g

10. Co-Doped NiSe nanowires on nickel foam via a cation exchange approach as efficient electrocatalyst for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction

Author:
Xu, Yuan-Zi; Yuan, Cheng-Zong; Chen, Xue-Ping
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106832-106836
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; catalysts; cation exchange; cobalt; electrochemistry; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; foams; nanowires; nickel; oxygen production; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Co-Doped NiSe nanowires supported on nickel foam (NF) were successfully synthesized using NiSe NWs/NF as precursor template in a facile cation exchange approach. Synthesis of the Co-doped NiSe NWs/NF was confirmed by XRD, SEM images, XPS, EDX and HRTEM. Electrochemical performance of Co-doped NiSe NWs/NF in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was investigated. The as-obtained nanomaterials exhibit ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra23580h

11. Degradation of disperse blue 2BLN by oleaginous C. sorokiniana XJK

Author:
Xie, Li; Zhou, Lin; Liu, Tingting; Xu, Xiaolin
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106935-106944
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Chlorella sorokiniana; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; biofuels; biomass; decolorization; dibutyl phthalate; dyes; enzyme activity; ethyl acetate; ethylbenzene; freshwater; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; laccase; light intensity; lipid content; manganese peroxidase; microalgae; pH; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... In this study, an oil-producing freshwater microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana XJK was identified and used for the degradation of disperse blue 2BLN. According to the decolorization rate, the optimal conditions were found to be as follows: initial dye conc. = 60 mg L⁻¹, initial biomass density = 8 × 10⁶ cell per mL, initial pH = 4, light intensity 470 μmol (m² s)⁻¹ and CO₂/air (v/v) ratio = 1%. The d ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra21915b

12. Electrochemical properties of silver nanoparticle-supported reduced graphene oxide in nitric oxide oxidation and detection

Author:
Ikhsan, Nurul Izrini; Rameshkumar, Perumal; Huang, Nay Ming
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 107141-107150
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; ascorbic acid; buffers; detection limit; dopamine; electrochemistry; electrodes; glucose; graphene; graphene oxide; nanocomposites; nanosilver; nitric oxide; oxidation; pH; particle size; phosphates; silver; sodium chloride; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; urea; uric acid
Abstract:
... This article reports the effect of ascorbic acid in the formation of a reduced graphene oxide–silver (rGO–Ag) nanocomposite and its influence on the electrochemical oxidation of nitric oxide (NO). The formation of the rGO–Ag nanocomposite was confirmed using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission ele ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra21716h

13. Electrospinning of PLA/pearl powder nanofibrous scaffold for bone tissue engineering

Author:
Dai, Jiamu; Yang, Shenglin; Jin, Junhong; Li, Guang
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106798-106805
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
adhesion; biocompatibility; biocompatible materials; bones; calcium carbonate; cell culture; cell proliferation; hydrophilicity; hydroxyapatite; in vitro studies; mineralization; nanofibers; organic matter; tissue engineering
Abstract:
... Pearl powder is a natural composite of CaCO₃ and organic matter, which is a promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering. In the present work, pearl powder incorporated polylactic (PLA) nanofibrous scaffold fabricated via electrospinning process to improve the weak biocompatibility and mineralization ability of PLA, was used as support for deposition of hydroxyapatite (HA) and supporting cell ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra21796f

14. Ethylenediamine-modified amyloid fibrils of hen lysozyme with stronger adsorption capacity as rapid nano-biosorbents for removal of chromium(vi) ions

Author:
Leung, Wai-Hong; So, Pui-Kin; Wong, Wai-Ting; Lo, Wai-Hung; Chan, Pak-Ho
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106837-106846
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
adsorption; amyloid; chemical bonding; chromium; desorption; ethylenediamines; hens; industrial wastewater; ions; lysozyme; mass spectrometry; models; nanofibers; pH; river water; sodium chloride; sorption isotherms; toxicity
Abstract:
... We report the development of ethylenediamine-modified amyloid fibrils (nanofibers) of hen lysozyme as rapid nano-biosorbents for removing toxic chromium(vi) ions in water. Ethylenediamine was covalently conjugated with the –COO⁻ groups on positively charged lysozyme nanofibers through the formation of amide bonds using N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide ( ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra15238d

15. Facile synthesis of Fe₃O₄ nanorod decorated reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for supercapacitor application

Author:
Das, Ashok Kumar; Sahoo, Sumanta; Arunachalam, Prabhakarn; Zhang, Suojiang; Shim, Jae-Jin
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 107057-107064
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
annealing; electrochemistry; electrodes; energy conversion; graphene oxide; iron oxides; iron oxyhydroxides; nanocomposites; nanorods; surface area
Abstract:
... The development of electrode materials capable of delivering high electrochemical performance is a major challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a facile approach for the synthesis of rod-shaped Fe₃O₄ nanostructures anchored on the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) surface and its application as an active electrode material for supercapacitors. The RGO–Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was prepared by the spontaneous depo ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra23665k

16. Facile synthesis of MoS₂/B-TiO₂ nanosheets with exposed {001} facets and enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic H₂ production activity

Author:
Yang, Xixian; Huang, Hongyu; Jin, Bei; Luo, Jin; Zhou, Xiaosong
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 107075-107080
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
boron; electric current; electrodes; hydrogen; hydrogen production; light; mixing; molybdenum disulfide; nanosheets; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; semiconductors; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... Cocatalysts have been extensively used to accelerate the rate of hydrogen evolution in semiconductor-based photocatalytic systems; however, the influence of interface states between the semiconductor and cocatalyst has rarely been investigated. Herein, we demonstrated a feasible strategy of heterogeneous structure to enhance visible light hydrogen generation of the MoS₂/B-TiO₂ system. Loading of M ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra23838f

17. Gold nanoparticles supported on nanoscale amine-functionalized MIL-101(Cr) as a highly active catalyst for epoxidation of styrene

Author:
Saikia, Mrinal; Kaichev, Vasily; Saikia, Lakshi
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106856-106865
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; atomic absorption spectrometry; catalysts; catalytic activity; coordination polymers; epoxidation reactions; gold; isoelectric point; nanogold; oxidants; scanning electron microscopy; styrene; surface area; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy; zeta potential
Abstract:
... In this study, well dispersed gold nanoparticles (Au Nps) were embedded on an amine-functionalized nanoscale metal–organic framework MIL-101(Cr) via a simple solution approach. The resulting Au/NH₂-MIL-101(Cr) exhibited a high isoelectric point (IEP) value with Brønsted basic sites that played an important role in determining the size and dispersion of Au Nps onto its matrix. In addition, the unif ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra24458k

18. Grafting modification of epoxidized natural rubber with poly(ethylene glycol) monomethylether carboxylic acid and ionic conductivity of graft polymer composite electrolytes

Author:
Wang, Ran; Mei, Hua; Ren, Wentan; Zhang, Yong
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 107021-107028
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; carboxylic acids; composite polymers; differential scanning calorimetry; electrochemistry; electrolytes; epoxides; moieties; polyethylene glycol; rubber
Abstract:
... A novel comb-like polymer was synthesized via grafting epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) monomethylether carboxylic acid (mPEG-COOH), and the grafting reaction was studied by variable-temperature Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. This comb-like polymer was characterized by attenuated total reflectance-FTIR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra17129j

19. Grafting tertiary amine groups into the molecular structures of polycarboxylate superplasticizers lowers their clay sensitivity

Author:
Xing, Guobing; Wang, Wenping; Xu, Jie
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106921-106927
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; acrylic acid; adsorption; cement; chemical structure; clay; montmorillonite
Abstract:
... A monomer containing a tertiary amine group was employed to synthesize polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCEs) preparing from acrylic acid (AA), itaconic acid (IA) and 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAM). The terpolymers were characterized and tested for their dispersion performance in the absence and presence of montmorillonite (Mmt). These novel PCEs displayed better dispersion performa ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra22027d

20. Green synthesis of primary, secondary, and tertiary amides through oxidative amidation of methyl groups with amine hydrochlorides over recyclable CoFe₂O₄ NPs

Author:
Eidi, Esmaiel; Kassaee, Mohammad Zaman
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.108 pp. 106873-106879
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
amides; catalysts; magnetism; moieties; nanomaterials; oxidants; salts
Abstract:
... A practical and efficient method is developed for efficient synthesis of a wide variety of 1°, 2°, and 3° amides through amidation of methylarenes with amine hydrochloride salts, over magnetic CoFe₂O₄ NPs as a recyclable nanocatalyst, and aqueous tert-butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidant. This economically sound amidation reaction is operationally straightforward and provides desired amides in good t ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra20902e