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1. Atmospheric chemistry of ethers, esters, and alcohols on the lifetimes, temperature dependence, and kinetic isotope effect: an example of CF₃CX₂CX₂CX₂OX with OX reactions (X = H, D)

Author:
Bai, Feng-Yang; Wang, Xu; Sun, Yan-Qiu; Wang, Rong-Shun; Pan, Xiu-Mei
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36096-36108
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
atmospheric chemistry; energy; enthalpy; esters; ethers; free radicals; hydrogen; isotopes; temperature
Abstract:
... The dual-level direct dynamics method is employed to investigate the hydrogen abstraction reaction of CF₃CH₂CH₂CH₂OH (CF₃CD₂CD₂CD₂OD) with OH (OD) radicals. Four possible reaction channels caused by different positions of hydrogen atom attack are found. All the stationary points are studied with the ab initio and density functional theories. Single points computation is further refined by CCSD(T) ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra04902h

2. Facile synthesis of hybrid Cu₂O/Pd–Fe₃O₄ nanocatalysts for C–H arylation of 4-nitroimidazoles

Author:
Woo, Hyunje; Park, Junha; Park, Ji Chan; Park, Sungkyun; Lee, Jae Myung; Park, Kang Hyun
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36211-36217
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
arylation; catalysts; catalytic activity; copper; copper nanoparticles; cuprous oxide; iron; nanocomposites; organoiodine compounds; palladium; reducing agents; thermal degradation
Abstract:
... A facile synthetic strategy for a hybrid Cu₂O/Pd–Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite via controlled thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)₅ and reduction of Pd(OAc)₂ and Cu(acac)₂ was developed. The Pd precursor and amount of reducing agent used during the synthetic process controlled the morphology of the Cu₂O/Pd–Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites. The prepared Cu₂O/Pd–Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites showed excellent catalytic performance for ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra05068a

3. A concise approach to indoles via oxidative C–H amination of 2-alkenylanilines using dioxygen as the sole oxidant

Author:
Ma, Ai-Lun; Li, Yin-Long; Li, Jian; Deng, Jun
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35764-35770
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
amination; indoles; oxidants; oxygen
Abstract:
... A novel synthetic method to prepare indole derivatives from N-Ts-2-alkenylanilines has been achieved. This reaction is through an oxidative intramolecular C–H amination by using molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. This protocol is operationally simple and environmental friendly, and provides a diverse range of substrate scope. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra03378d

4. An important prerequisite for efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from human serum albumin to alkyl gallate

Author:
Wang, Qing; Xiao, Ying; Huang, Yanmei; Li, Hui
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36146-36151
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
binding sites; egg albumen; energy transfer; ethyl gallate; fatty acids; fluorescence; heat; human serum albumin; lysozyme; methyl gallate; propyl gallate; tryptophan
Abstract:
... Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), originally described by Förster in the 1940s, results from long-range dipole–dipole interactions between a donor and an acceptor molecule. In this work, human serum albumin (HSA) was selected as donor and the alkyl gallates were selected as acceptors. In the presence of HSA, the alkyl gallates yielded different levels of fluorescence enhancement. The corre ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra06920g

5. Copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative decarboxylative amination of arylacetic acids: a facile access to 2-arylquinazolines

Author:
Yan, Yizhe; Shi, Miaomiao; Niu, Bin; Meng, Xiangping; Zhu, Changrui; Liu, Gengyao; Chen, Ting; Liu, Yanqi
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36192-36197
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
acids; amination; ammonium acetate; carbon dioxide; catalysts; chemical bonding; copper; oxidants; oxygen; wastes
Abstract:
... An efficient copper-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylative amination of arylacetic acids with 2-aminobenzoketones and ammonium acetate under an oxygen atmosphere was first developed. This reaction represents a novel avenue for 2-arylquinazolines in good to excellent yields via multiple C–N bond formations. This protocol features inexpensive copper as the catalyst, molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra04195g

6. Cross-linked methyl cellulose/graphene oxide rate controlling membranes for in vitro and ex vivo permeation studies of diltiazem hydrochloride

Author:
Sarkar, Gunjan; Saha, Nayan Ranjan; Roy, Indranil; Bhattacharyya, Amartya; Adhikari, Arpita; Rana, Dipak; Bhowmik, Manas; Bose, Madhura; Mishra, Roshnara; Chattopadhyay, Dipankar
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36136-36145
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; absorption; crosslinking; drugs; glutaraldehyde; graphene oxide; methylcellulose; molecular weight; permeability; scanning electron microscopy; solubility; thermal properties
Abstract:
... Permeability characteristics of the anti-hypertensive drug, diltiazem hydrochloride, from uncross-linked and cross-linked methylcellulose (MC)/graphene oxide (GO) rate controlling membranes (RCMs) were investigated. The MC/GO membranes were cross-linked with different concentrations of glutaraldehyde (GLA) to examine the effect of cross-linking on the permeability characteristics. The ATR-FTIR spe ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra26358a

7. Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of electrodeposited hematite films decorated with nanostructured NiMnOₓ

Author:
Bhandary, Nimai; Singh, Aadesh P.; Ingole, Pravin P.; Basu, Suddhasatwa
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35239-35247
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; electric current; electrodes; hematite; oxidation; photoluminescence; scanning electron microscopy; silver; silver chloride; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... In the present work, we report a novel nickel-manganese oxide (NiMnOₓ) decorated hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) photoanode for efficient water splitting in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. The photoanodes are prepared by a two step electrodeposition process. NiMnOₓ loading on the hematite surface is varied by changing the electrodeposition time. The NiMnOₓ loaded α-Fe₂O₃ photoanodes are characterized by X-r ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra03984g

8. Fabrication and characterization of ferritin–chitosan–lutein shell–core nanocomposites and lutein stability and release evaluation in vitro

Author:
Yang, Rui; Gao, Yunjing; Zhou, Zhongkai; Strappe, Padraig; Blanchard, Chris
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35267-35279
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Glycine max; bioavailability; chitosan; coatings; electrostatic interactions; encapsulation; epigallocatechin gallate; ferritin; food composition; food industry; functional foods; gastrointestinal system; grape seeds; heat stability; in vitro digestion; lutein; milk; nanocomposites; nutrients; pectins; proanthocyanidins; soybeans; storage temperature; water solubility
Abstract:
... The application of bioactive lutein in the food industry is limited because of its poor water-solubility, instability, and low bioavailability. Nano-sized ferritin and chitosan provide a platform for fabricating shell–core system to encapsulate lutein. Herein, soybean seed ferritin (Glycine max) and chitosan stabilized lutein composites (FCLs) were fabricated by a unique reversible disassembly-rea ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra04058f

9. Heterogeneity in GFP expression in isogenic populations of P. putida KT2440 investigated using flow cytometry and bacterial microarrays

Author:
Arnfinnsdottir, N. B.; Bjørkøy, A. V.; Lale, R.; Sletmoen, M.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36198-36206
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Pseudomonas putida; bacteria; environmental factors; flow cytometry; gene expression; green fluorescent protein; microarray technology; microscopy; phenotype; phenotypic variation; protein content; protein synthesis
Abstract:
... Individual bacteria, even bacteria belonging to an isogenic population under uniform environmental conditions, display phenotypic diversity and variability in gene expression. The increased focus that is lately given to this topic within microbiology and quantitative biology has motivated a quest for new experimental approaches providing insight into phenotypic traits at the single-cell level. In ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra23757b

10. High-efficiency cucurbit[7]uril capillary column for gas chromatographic separations of structural and positional isomers

Author:
Zhang, Yan; Qi, Meiling; Fu, Ruonong
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36163-36170
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
chemical species; gas chromatography; macrocyclic compounds; positional isomers; thermal stability
Abstract:
... Here we report the first example of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) diluted in trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane (OV210) as the binary stationary phase (CB7–OV) for high-resolution gas chromatographic (GC) separations. The as-fabricated CB7–OV capillary column achieved extremely high column efficiency of 4660 plates per m. This is the highest column efficiency ever reported for cucurbit[n]urils for GC separ ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra05290h

11. Label-free polymerization amplified potentiometric sensing platform for radical reactions using polyion sensitive membrane electrodes as transducers

Author:
Li, Long; Shang, Guoliang; Qin, Wei
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35628-35632
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
anions; cations; electrodes; polymerization
Abstract:
... Taking advantage of the cascade amplification abilities of the radical polymerization reaction and the high sensitivity of the ion exchanger doped polymeric membrane electrodes to polycations/polyanions generated from radical reactions, an amplified label-free potentiometric sensing platform for radical reactions was developed. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra04530h

12. NaGd(WO₄)₂:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ phosphors: hydrothermal synthesis, optical spectroscopy and green upconverted temperature sensing behavior

Author:
Liao, Jinsheng; Nie, Liling; Wang, Qi; Liu, Suijun; Wen, He-Rui; Wu, Jingping
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35152-35159
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; diodes; emissions; emissions factor; erbium; fluorescence; ions; photoluminescence; spectroscopy; temperature; ytterbium
Abstract:
... NaGd(WO₄)₂:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ (NGW:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺) phosphors co-doped with Yb³⁺ (12–24 at%, at% i.e. atomic percent) and Er³⁺ ions (1–10 at%) were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal process. Under 980 nm excitation, NGW:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ phosphors exhibited strong green upconversion (UC) emission bands centered at 532 nm (²H₁₁/₂ → ⁴I₁₅/₂) and 554 nm (⁴S₃/₂ → ⁴I₁₅/₂) and weak red emissions near 658 and 671 nm (⁴F₉/₂ → ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra01283c

13. One-pot synthesis and loading of mesoporous SiO₂ nanocontainers using micellar drugs as a template

Author:
Dement'eva, O. V.; Rudoy, V. M.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36207-36210
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
active ingredients; drugs; micelles; nanoparticles; porous media; silica; synthesis
Abstract:
... A new approach is proposed for creating of pH-sensitive mesoporous silica nanocontainers with ultrahigh capacity for amphiphilic functional compounds. It relies on the use of micelles of such compounds as templates for the sol–gel synthesis of SiO₂ nanoparticles. The possibility of such one-stage synthesis and loading of SiO₂ nanocontainers has been demonstrated using the micelles of the bacterici ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra03602c

14. Porous gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide composite as efficient catalysts for reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Author:
Zhang, Mengmeng; Lu, Xuan; Wang, Hao-Yi; Liu, Xiaoli; Qin, Yujun; Zhang, Pu; Guo, Zhi-Xin
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35945-35951
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; aminophenols; catalysts; catalytic activity; chromatography; freeze drying; gold; graphene; graphene oxide; nanogold; p-nitrophenol; packaging materials; polyethyleneimine; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... We report the in situ reduction and incorporation of gold nanoparticles into graphene oxide/polyethyleneimine composites with polyethyleneimine acting as the reducing and protecting agent for the gold nanoparticles. The resulting composites with porous structure are obtained through a simple freeze-drying method with the gold nanoparticles uniformly distributed on the graphene oxide sheets. The mo ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra01772j

15. Role of polymeric surfactant in the synthesis of cobalt molybdate nanospheres for hybrid capacitor applications

Author:
Barmi, Maryam Jozegholami; Sundaram, Manickam Minakshi
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36152-36162
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
activated carbon; capacitance; cobalt; composite polymers; cost effectiveness; electrical equipment; electrochemistry; electrolytes; energy; energy density; molybdates; nanoparticles; nanospheres; polyethylene glycol; propylene oxide; sodium hydroxide; surfactants
Abstract:
... The role of Pluronic F127, a triblock copolymer, i.e. poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) PEO–PPO–PEO, adsorbed on cobalt molybdate (CoMoO₄), and its influence on the physico-chemical properties have been investigated. As a surfactant, Pluronic F127 is able to alter the surface properties of CoMoO₄ during synthesis. Through a facile synthesis at 300 °C, F127 adsorbs at ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra02628a

16. Wheat germ agglutinin modification of lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles: enhanced cellular uptake and bioadhesion

Author:
Liu, Ying; Zhao, Yiqing; Liu, Jinguang; Zhang, Meiying; Yu, Minglei; Feng, Nianping
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 36125-36135
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
agglutinins; bioadhesion; bioadhesives; bioavailability; confocal microscopy; coumarin; drugs; electron microscopy; endocytosis; engineering; gold; image analysis; intestines; models; nanocarriers; nanoparticles; particle size; villi; water solubility; wheat germ; zeta potential
Abstract:
... Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) have emerged as promising nanocarriers for oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs because they combine the advantages of polymeric and lipid-based nanoparticles. However, rational surface engineering of LPNs to reduce clearance in the gastrointestinal tract and improve bioavailability remains a challenge. Modification of LPNs with wheat germ agglutini ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra04023c

17. Aggregation-induced emission in fluorophores containing a hydrazone structure and a central sulfone: restricted molecular rotation

Author:
Li, Jing; Yang, Wen; Zhou, Weiqun; Li, Chunchun; Cheng, Zhongqing; Li, Mengying; Xie, Liqun; Li, Youyong
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35833-35841
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
fluorescence; fluorescence microscopes; fluorescent dyes; hydrazones; hydrogen bonding; image analysis; molecular dynamics; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; solvents; staining
Abstract:
... Four D–π–A–π–D structured 4,4′-di(E)-2-(4-4-alkoxyaniline)hydrazinyldiphenyl sulfones were synthesized and their structures were characterized using NMR, IR, and element analysis. These compounds displayed weak fluorescence emission in THF while their fluorescence was enhanced in a THF/water mixture solvent. Fluorescence microscope imaging showed the formation of the aggregate state. The mechanism ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra02209j

18. Alkali metal catalyzed dehydro-coupling of boranes and amines leading to the formation of a B–N bond

Author:
Harinath, A.; Anga, Srinivas; Panda, Tarun K.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35648-35653
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
aromatic amines; boranes; catalytic activity; chemical bonding; lithium; potassium; secondary amines
Abstract:
... In this report we describe catalytic B–N bond formation via cross-dehydrocoupling (CDC) of boranes with amines to construct aminoboranes with a high degree conversion (>90%) and chemo-selectivity using alkali metal hexamethyldisilazides [MN(SiMe₃)₂] (M = Li, and K) as pre-catalysts. It was observed that the lithium and potassium hexamethyldisilazides proved to be an effective pre-catalyst for alip ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra04125f

19. All polymer solar cells with diketopyrrolopyrrole-polymers as electron donor and a naphthalenediimide-polymer as electron acceptor

Author:
Li, Cheng; Zhang, Andong; Wang, Zhaowei; Liu, Feng; Zhou, Yi; Russell, Thomas P.; Li, Yongfang; Li, Weiwei
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35677-35683
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; absorption; electric current; electric potential difference; photoluminescence; polymers; solar cells; solar energy; spectral analysis; surface roughness
Abstract:
... Four typical diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based conjugated polymers were used as electron donors in all-polymer solar cells (PSCs) with a naphthalenediimide-based polymer N2200 as the electron acceptor. The four DPP polymers have near-infrared absorption spectra up to 1000 nm and suitable energy levels for charge separation from donor to acceptor. DPP polymer : N2200 cells were found to have high op ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra03681c

20. A new residue method for the determination of flonicamid in agricultural and environmental samples using enzyme immunoassay systems

Author:
Liu, Zhenjiang; Ren, Kewei; Li, Ming; Wang, Jiagao; Sun, Jianfan; Du, Daolin
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.42 pp. 35842-35846
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
apples; bovine serum albumin; cross reaction; detection limit; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; flonicamid; gas chromatography; haptens; inhibitory concentration 50; metabolites; ovalbumin; polyclonal antibodies; screening; soil; standard deviation; tomatoes
Abstract:
... An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for flonicamid was developed based on a polyclonal antibody. 4-Trifluoronicotinic acid (TFNA) was used as flonicamid hapten and conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) to produce an immunogen and ovalbumin (OVA) to produce a coating antigen. Polyclonal antibodies against flonicamid were successfully produced by immunizing New Zeala ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra27425g