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1. Preparation and evaluation of novel surface molecularly imprinted polymers by sol–gel process for online solid-phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography to detect trace patulin in fruit derived products

Author:
Yang, Yukun; Li, Qianqian; Fang, Guozhen; Wang, Shuo
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54510-54517
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; adsorption; apple juice; detection limit; fruits; hardness; high performance liquid chromatography; pH; patulin; pear juice; polymerization; polymers; scanning electron microscopy; silica; sol-gel processing; solid phase extraction; sorbents; standard deviation
Abstract:
... A new-type of surface molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the selective recognition of trace contaminant mycotoxin patulin (PAT) was prepared using oxindole as the dummy template by means of sol–gel polymerization on activated silica beads. Synthesis conditions were optimized by changing some factors to obtain MIPs with controllable adsorption capacity, selectivity and hardness. The prepared ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08736a

2. Quantum chemical studies on nucleophilic sites in calcium ion bound zwitterionic calmodulin loops

Author:
Sikdar, Samapan; Ghosh, Mahua; De Raychaudhury, Molly; Chakrabarti, J.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54608-54614
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Lewis bases; aspartic acid; calcium; calmodulin; density functional theory; energy; phosphorylation; polypeptides; quantum mechanics; tyrosine; zwitterions
Abstract:
... We perform quantum chemical (QC) calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) approach for biologically relevant zwitterionic polypeptides, comprising of isolated calcium (Ca²⁺) ion bound EF-hand loops of calmodulin (CaM). The HOMO and the LUMO levels are observed to be dominated by terminal capping contributions which fall off exponentially in neighboring energy levels. These levels ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra10846f

3. A graphene–melamine-sponge for efficient and recyclable dye adsorption

Author:
Du, Qingchuan; Zhou, Ying; Pan, Xuwei; Zhang, Jiaoxia; Zhuo, Qiqi; Chen, Shangtao; Chen, Guangming; Liu, Tengfei; Xu, Fan; Yan, Chao
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54589-54596
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; equations; graphene; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; melamine; methylene blue; models; sorption isotherms; submergence
Abstract:
... Graphene sponges have attracted extensive interest as adsorbents. However, the hydrophobic nature of graphene hinders the submergence of graphene sponge into the water solution. In the present study, we developed a graphene–melamine-sponge (GMS) that can readily submerge into water solution with the help of a superhydrophilic melamine skeleton and investigated its adsorption behaviors for methylen ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08412e

4. A nitrilase-mediated entry to 4-carboxymethyl-β-lactams from chemically prepared 4-(cyanomethyl)azetidin-2-ones

Author:
Decuyper, Lena; Piens, Nicola; Mincke, Jens; Bomon, Jeroen; De Schrijver, Bert; Mollet, Karen; De Winter, Karel; Desmet, Tom; D'hooghe, Matthias
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54573-54579
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
hydrolysis; nitrilase
Abstract:
... (3R,4S)-3-Alkoxy/aryloxy-4-(cyanomethyl)azetidin-2-ones were efficiently prepared from readily available 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-d-mannitol by means of a classical organic synthesis approach via 4-hydroxymethyl-β-lactams as key intermediates. The corresponding 4-carboxymethyl-β-lactams were subsequently obtained after selective hydrolysis of the nitrile functionality by means of a nitrilase en ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08213k

5. A pseudo-kinetics approach for time-series metabolomics investigations: more reliable and sensitive biomarkers revealed in vincristine-induced paralytic ileus rats

Author:
Guo, Huimin; Chen, Jiaqing; Huang, Yin; Zhang, Wei; Xu, Fengguo; Zhang, Zunjian
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54471-54478
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
biomarkers; docosahexaenoic acid; drug therapy; gastric emptying; gastrointestinal transit; glutamine; glycocholic acid; inflammation; intestinal obstruction; intestines; metabolomics; prediction; principal component analysis; rats; time series analysis
Abstract:
... Time-series metabolomics studies can provide snapshots of the metabolic status during the progress of disease and drug treatment. In order to reveal the dynamic development of a disease, a pseudo-kinetics approach based on calibration and integration of absolute fold changes (FCₖ) along the time points was proposed. A distance based discriminative trajectory was applied to assess global metabolic ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra12641c

6. A systematic study on the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz cross coupling reaction for the selective and efficient synthesis of hetero-diynes

Author:
Chinta, Bhavani Shankar; Baire, Beeraiah
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54449-54455
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
moieties; piperidines; solvents
Abstract:
... Mild reaction conditions for the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz cross coupling process have been developed for the highly selective and efficient synthesis of unsymmetrical diynes. The most abundant, economic, environmentally friendly, green solvent, water was employed as the sole reaction medium in combination with a minimal amount (5 equiv.) of piperidine base. The reported new reaction conditions provide o ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra07308e

7. A “turn-off” fluorescent sensor for the selective and sensitive detection of copper(ii) ions using lysozyme stabilized gold nanoclusters

Author:
Shanmugaraj, Krishnamoorthy; Ilanchelian, Malaichamy
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54518-54524
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
aqueous solutions; cations; copper; detection limit; emissions factor; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; lighting; lysozyme; nanogold; particle size; photoluminescence; seawater; stabilizers; tap water; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... In this contribution, we have developed a simple, environmentally friendly fluorescent turn-off sensor for the detection of copper (Cu²⁺) ions in aqueous solution by using lysozyme stabilized gold nanoclusters (Lys-AuNCs) as a fluorescent probe. Since lysozyme acted as both a reducing and stabilizing agent, the use of other external reducing or stabilizing agents was averted in the preparation of ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08325k

8. Catalytic cracking of n-pentane over CLD modified HZSM-5 zeolites

Author:
Hou, Xu; Qiu, Yuan; Zhang, Xiangwen; Liu, Guozhu
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54580-54588
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Lewis acids; catalysts; catalytic activity; catalytic cracking; liquids; models; pentane; silica; sorption; titanium dioxide; zeolites
Abstract:
... With the intrinsic MFI structure well-preserved, HZSM-5 zeolite was controllably surface-modified via a CLD (chemical liquid deposition) strategy and wrapped by tailorable porous SiO₂ or TiO₂ overlayers. It was found that the CLD-modified catalysts brought about a (maximum 46%) promotion of catalytic activity using the catalytic cracking of n-pentane as a model reaction at 500 °C, attributed to th ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra10102j

9. Cinchona alkaloid and di-tert-butyldicarbonate–DMAP promoted efficient synthesis of (E)-nitroolefins

Author:
Poomathi, Nataraj; Perumal, Paramasivan T.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54495-54502
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Cinchona; aldehydes; alkaloids
Abstract:
... The synthesis of nitroolefins from aldehydes and olefins is generally limited by the formation of a mixture of cis and trans compounds. Here we report an alternative, metal-free protocol for the synthesis of β-nitroolefins from arylidinemalononitrile using cinchona alkaloid along with di-tert-butyldicarbonate–DMAP in high yields with total selectivity. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra06644e

10. Competitive adsorption of VOCs from binary aqueous mixtures on zeolite ZSM-5

Author:
Pasti, L.; Rodeghero, E.; Sarti, E.; Bosi, V.; Cavazzini, A.; Bagatin, R.; Martucci, A.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54544-54552
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; adsorbents; adsorption; aqueous solutions; ethylene dichloride; models; sorption isotherms; volatile organic compounds; zeolites
Abstract:
... Adsorption equilibria of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)/toluene (TOL), and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE)/MTBE binary mixtures in aqueous solution on ZSM-5 were measured over a wide range of concentrations. In comparison with the single-component data, the loading of all of the three compounds was reduced in the presence of a second component in the mixture. The binary system was described by a competit ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08872d

11. Dazzling green emission from graphene oxide nanosheet-embedded co-doped Ce³⁺ and Tb³⁺:PVA polymer nanocomposites for photonic applications

Author:
Kumar, K. Naveen; Padma, R.; Rao, J. L.; Kang, Misook
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54525-54538
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; cerium; energy transfer; films (materials); fluorescence; graphene oxide; nanosheets; photoluminescence; photons; polymer nanocomposites; polymers; terbium
Abstract:
... Novel dazzling green emission has been obtained from graphene oxide nanosheet-embedded Ce³⁺ and Tb³⁺:PVA polymer nanocomposites under UV excitation. We have successfully synthesized Tb³⁺:PVA, Ce³⁺ + Tb³⁺:PVA and Ce³⁺ + Tb³⁺ + graphene oxide nanosheet (GO NS):PVA polymer films by the solution casting method. For these polymer films, their XRD and FTIR spectral profiles have been analyzed for struct ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra05864g

12. Forces and physical properties of the Langmuir monolayers of TiO₂ particles at air/water interfaces after collisions by a particle in water

Author:
McNamee, Cathy E.; Kappl, Michael
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54440-54448
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
adhesion; air; emulsions; microparticles; pH; particle size; surface tension; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... The effect of a microsphere colliding with a particle stabilized emulsion was investigated by using a Langmuir monolayer of TiO₂ particles at an air/pH 2 water interface and a TiO₂ particle attached to a cantilever (probe) in the subphase. TiO₂ particles with diameters (D) of 75 nm, 300 nm, 3 μm and 10 μm were used to determine the effect of the particle size on the physical properties of the inte ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra09499f

13. Hierarchical hybrid nanostructures: controlled assembly of polymer-encapsulated gold nanoparticles via a Rayleigh-instability-driven transformation under cylindrical confinement

Author:
Ko, Hao-Wen; Chang, Chun-Wei; Chi, Mu-Huan; Chu, Chien-Wei; Cheng, Ming-Hsiang; Fang, Zhi-Xuan; Luo, Ke-Hsuan; Chen, Jiun-Tai
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54539-54543
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
aluminum oxide; ligands; molecular weight; nanogold; nanospheres; nanotubes; polystyrenes
Abstract:
... We develop a novel route based on the solution wetting method using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates to fabricate hierarchical hybrid nanostructures assembled from polystyrene-encapsulated gold nanoparticles (Au@PS NPs). Hybrid nanostructures including nanotubes and nanospheres can be reliably prepared, in which the spatial arrangement of the Au@PS NPs is determined by the pore diameters of t ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra10430d

14. Hydrothermal synthesis of analcime and hydroxycancrinite from K-feldspar in Na₂SiO₃ solution: characterization and reaction mechanism

Author:
Yuan, Jiangyan; Yang, Jing; Ma, Hongwen; Liu, Changjiang; Zhao, Chenglong
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54503-54509
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; absorption; aluminum; feldspar; reaction mechanisms; silicates; sodium
Abstract:
... Hydroxycancrinite and analcime were generated in the reaction process of K-feldspar and various concentration solutions of Na₂SiO₃. The effect of the concentration of Na₂SiO₃ on the formation of the product samples and the reaction mechanism were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that there exists hydroxycancrinite (Na₈Al₆Si₆O₂₄(OH)₂·2H₂O) with a hexagonal structure at a N ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08080d

15. Integrated microfluidic system for cell co-culture and simulation of drug metabolism

Author:
Jie, Mingsha; Li, Hai-Fang; Lin, Luyao; Zhang, Jie; Lin, Jin-Ming
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54564-54572
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
antineoplastic activity; coculture; cytotoxicity; drugs; fluorescence; glioblastoma; human cell lines; intestines; liquid chromatography; liver; metabolites; models; pharmacokinetics; screening; tandem mass spectrometry; therapeutics; toxicity testing
Abstract:
... In this work, a multi-type cell microfluidic integrator for cocultivation and enabling simulation of drug absorption, metabolism, and anticancer activity was developed. To organize an in vitro drug absorption and metabolism model, Caco-2, HepG2, and U251 cells were co-cultured as mimics of the intestine, liver, and glioblastoma, respectively. The HepG2 cell channel was separated from the Caco-2 ce ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra10407j

16. Iron–copper bimetallic nanoparticles supported on hollow mesoporous silica spheres: the effect of Fe/Cu ratio on heterogeneous Fenton degradation of a dye

Author:
Wang, Jing; Liu, Chao; Hussain, Ijaz; Li, Cheng; Li, Jiansheng; Sun, Xiuyun; Shen, Jinyou; Han, Weiqing; Wang, Lianjun
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54623-54635
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; acid orange 7; catalysts; catalytic activity; copper; electron transfer; free radicals; hydrogen peroxide; hydroxyl radicals; iron; models; nanoparticles; nitrogen; oxidation; pH; pollutants; porous media; salts; scanning electron microscopy; silica; sodium borohydride; synergism; transmission electron microscopy; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... A series of iron–copper bimetallic nanoparticles supported on hollow mesoporous silica spheres with different Fe/Cu ratios were prepared using a simple post-impregnation and sodium borohydride reduction strategy. Different Fe/Cu ratios were obtained by addition of various amounts of ferric and copper salts. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, nitrogen physisorption, SEM and TEM. To explo ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08501f

17. Long-term influence of aeration on arsenic trapping in a ZVI/sand bed reactor

Author:
Simon, S.; Courtin-Nomade, A.; Vasiliu, A.; Sleiman, N.; Deluchat, V.
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54479-54485
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
aeration; arsenic; byproducts; monitoring; oxidation; physicochemical properties; sand; sorption; toxicity; water treatment
Abstract:
... Arsenic toxicity and occurrence in the environment necessitate the development of easy-to-handle and cheap water treatment processes. Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) supports meet these requirements. However many ZVI by-products might be generated in the unit reactor process, mainly influenced by physico-chemical conditions. This work deals with the influence of aeration onto arsenic trapping in ZVI/sand c ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra06565a

18. Reusable Fe₃O₄ and WO₃ immobilized onto montmorillonite as a photo-reactive antimicrobial agent

Author:
Mazrad Zihnil, A. I.; In, Insik; Park, Sung Young
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54486-54494
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Staphylococcus aureus; X-ray diffraction; anti-infective agents; bacteria; catechol; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; irradiation; montmorillonite; nanocomposites; near-infrared spectroscopy; polymers; scanning electron microscopy; tungsten oxide; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Active near-infrared (NIR) tungsten oxide (WO₃) and iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) were immobilized in exfoliated montmorillonite (MMT) by the intercalation of 2-chloro-3′,4′-dihydroxyacetophenone and 1,3-propanesultone quaternized poly(dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate (C/S-PDMA) via ionic exchange reaction. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field-emission scann ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08180k

19. Super-resolution imaging of STAT3 cellular clustering during nuclear transport

Author:
Gao, Jing; Wang, Feng; Chen, Junling; Wang, Jianzhong; Cai, Mingjun; Xu, Haijiao; Jiang, Junguang; Wang, Hongda
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54597-54607
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
cell nucleus; cytoplasm; gene expression; growth factors; human cell lines; image analysis; interleukin-6; microscopy; plasma membrane; signal transduction; transactivators; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, and participates in gene expression in response to cytokines and growth factors. STAT3 translocation to the cell nucleus and subsequent recycling into the cytoplasm is the critical step for multiple functions. However, the distribution and molecular composition of STAT3 during the n ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra09591g

20. Synthesis and characterization of alkali metal molybdates with high catalytic activity for dye degradation

Author:
Zhang, Yili; Zhang, Zhang; Zhou, Tuantuan; Lu, Peng; Gao, Yanshan; Yu, Feng; Umar, Ahmad; Wang, Qiang
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54553-54563
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; air; catalysts; catalytic activity; chemical composition; lithium; methylene blue; molybdates; molybdenum; oxidation; potassium; scanning electron microscopy; sodium; temperature; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... In this contribution, the synthesis and catalytic activity of alkali metal molybdates for the degradation of cationic dyes under ambient conditions were systematically studied. The influences of Na and Mo precursors, Na/Mo ratio, and calcination temperature on the chemical composition and catalytic activity of sodium molybdates were investigated. Among all the obtained sodium molybdates, Na₂Mo₂O₇ ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra12437b