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El Nino; adverse effects; air pollution; cholera; cities; climate; coasts; eyes; food production; freshwater; global warming; heat; human health; issues and policy; malaria; people; pests; phytoplankton; population; risk; seafoods; smoke; throat; toxins; vector-borne diseases; Latin America
Abstract:
... Many people would be increasingly affected by living under critical conditions in Latin America if, as expected, global warming aggravates disease and pest transmission processes. Heat waves and air pollution would increase heat-related diseases and illness episodes in large cities. Fire smoke has been associated with irritation of the throat, lung and eyes, and respiratory problems. Climate extre ...
basins; climate; climate change; deforestation; drought; floods; humans; land restoration; land use; play activities; pollution load; rain; runoff; sediments; soil conservation; surveys; watersheds; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Climate change and human disturbance drive catchment erosion and increase riverine sediment load sensitively in small and medium-sized watersheds. This is not always true in large basins, where aggregation and buffering effects have dampen the ability to determine the driving forces of sedimentation. Even though there are significant responses to sedimentation in large river basins, it is difficul ...
agricultural land; case studies; climate; climate change; climate models; drought; irrigation; land classification; land use; meteorological data; plant-water relations; risk; soil profiles; soil water deficit; water resources; Scotland
Abstract:
... Land capability classification systems define and communicate biophysical limitations on land use, including climate, soils and topography. They can therefore provide an accessible format for both scientists and decision-makers to share knowledge on climate change impacts and adaptation. Underlying such classifications are complex interactions that require dynamic spatial analysis, particularly be ...
... We present climate change projections and apply indices of weather extremes for the Mediterranean island Cyprus using data from regional climate model (RCM) simulations driven by the IPCC A1B scenario within the ENSEMBLES project. Daily time-series of temperature and precipitation were used from six RCMs for a reference period 1976–2000 and for 2026–2050 (‘future‘) for representative locations, ap ...
climate; conservation areas; emissions; history; land use change; landscapes; models; planning; prediction; watersheds; Italy
Abstract:
... In the context of environmental change projections at the regional level, not only the climate but also the land use plays a key role. The limited availability of historical information reduces the possibility to calibrate land use change (LUC) models. Even in case of successful calibration, using it both for diagnostic and prognostic studies does not guarantee the reliability of single future sim ...
... Climate variability is an important stress factor for rural livelihoods in most developing countries where households have been adapting to environmental shocks for decades. Climate change results in increased variability and poses new challenges for rural livelihoods, as well as for policymakers in adjusting policies to changing conditions. This paper examines the potential relationships between ...
... In this paper, we assess climate change impacts on an intensively managed grassland system at the Swiss Plateau using the process-based grassland model PROGRASS. Taking the CO2 fertilization into account, we find increasing yield levels (in the range of 10–24%) and sharp increases in production risks for an illustrative climate change scenario that suggests a marked increase in temperature and dec ...
climate; fire regime; forest fires; humans; landscapes; population density; socioeconomic factors; statistics; temperature; Portugal
Abstract:
... Within the changing fire regimes of Portugal, the relative importance of humans and climatic variability for regional fire statistics remains poorly understood. This work investigates the statistical relationship between temporal dynamics of fire events in Portugal and a set of socioeconomic, landscape, and climatic variables for the time periods of 1980â1990, 1991â2000, and extreme fires year ...
... Climate change is associated with various risks, such as flooding and heat stress. So far, most research has concentrated on the identification and quantification of these risks as well as the development of adaptation measures. Yet much less is known about how planners actually perceive and deal with climate change, and why. This paper focuses on the governance of two climate change-related risks ...
tomatoes; carbon dioxide; crop models; decision support systems; greenhouse gases; nitrogen fertilizers; irrigation; air temperature; data collection; dry matter accumulation; climate change; weather; Triticum aestivum; crops; winter wheat; water resources; climate; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; Italy; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Agricultural crops are affected by climate change due to the relationship between crop development, growth, yield, CO2 atmospheric concentration and climate conditions. In particular, the further reduction in existing limited water resources combined with an increase in temperature may result in higher impacts on agricultural crops in the Mediterranean area than in other regions. In this study, th ...
... Aggregated consideration of both climate and socio-economic change in a coarse spatial resolution is a central feature for scenario development in global change research. Downscaling of the supposed aggregated changes is a necessary prerequisite for the assessments of global change at the regional scale. The present paper describes the method and results of an approach to develop and to apply scen ...
Pinus nigra; altitude; carbon; cellulose; climate; correlation; dendrochronology; forests; growth rings; industrialization; latitude; oxygen; pollution; solar radiation; stable isotopes; summer; temperature; time series analysis; trees; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... Dendrochronological and oxygen–carbon isotopic analysis was conducted on tree rings collected at two different elevations from three different regions in western Anatolia, Turkey. Tree rings were sampled from Anatolian black pines (Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) of at least 200 years old through an N–S transect covering Bolu-Mengen (north), Kütahya–Simav, and Antalya–Alanya (s ...
altitude; assets; climate; climate change; coasts; developing countries; issues and policy; meteorological data; people; population growth; sea level; socioeconomics; spatial data; urbanization; Tanzania
Abstract:
... The paper provides a first quantitative estimate of the potential number of people and value of assets exposed to coastal flooding in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The study used an elevation-based geographic information system-analysis based on physical exposure and socio-economic vulnerability under a range of climate and socio-economic scenarios. It particularly considered a worst-case scenario assu ...
... Recent level changes in Lake Chad are associated with large area changes because the lakebed is almost flat. They have deeply impacted the lifestyle of local populations. The Mober are the main ethnic group living in the surroundings of Bosso, in eastern Niger near the Yobe River and in Lake Chad. They were initially herders and farmers who developed flood-retreat farming and sophisticated irrigat ...
... Despite the increasing interest in assessing the greenhouse gas (GHG) budget of livestock production systems, little is known about the possible impacts of climate change on the future contribution of such systems to global warming. The aim of this study was to assess the global warming potential (GWP) of differently managed grassland-based dairy systems, based either on permanent or on sown grass ...
anthropogenic activities; case studies; climate; dry forests; fire regime; forest fires; fuel loading; grazing; humans; land use; livestock; logging; models; population density; roads; temperature; valleys; wood; Alps region; Switzerland
Abstract:
... Forest fire regimes are sensitive to alterations of climate, fuel load, and ignition sources. We investigated the impact of human activities and climate on fire occurrence in a dry continental valley of the Swiss Alps (Valais) by relating fire occurrence to population and road density, biomass removal by livestock grazing and wood harvest, temperature and precipitation in two distinct periods (190 ...
... This paper quantitatively assesses the influences of various demographic and socio-economic factors, past adaptive behavioral factors, access to weather/climate information, and spatial/locational factors on coastal populations’ perceived adaptive capacity against major impacts of hydro-meteorological disasters on their livelihood. A total of 285 respondents from three coastal villages in Banglade ...
basins; climate; developed countries; forest growth; forests; humans; hydrologic cycle; land cover; land restoration; land use and land cover maps; mountains; rivers; runoff; temperature; watersheds; Mediterranean region; Spain
Abstract:
... Land-use and land-cover changes have attracted substantial scientific interest in recent years because of their marked influence on hydrological cycles. In developed countries of the Mediterranean basin, the generalized revegetation and forest growth in mountainous areas that occurred during the last five decades are negatively affecting the evolution of water resources in headwaters. In this stud ...
climate; climate change; cold; cropland; disasters; drought; farmers; humans; issues and policy; land restoration; land use; population growth; China
Abstract:
... Climatic disaster-induced migration and its effects on land exploitation of new settlements is a crucial topic that needs to be researched to better understand the impact of climate change and human adaptation. This paper focuses on the process and mechanism of migrant–reclamation in Northeast China in response to climatic disasters over the past 300 years. The research used comparative analysis o ...
rice; simulation models; General Circulation Models; cropping systems; research management; wheat; climate change; crop yield; temperature; climate; crops; India
Abstract:
... The present study focuses on (1) impact of climate change scenarios on crop yields in rice–wheat cropping system in central Indian Punjab and (2) assessment of shifting trans-/planting date as an adaptation strategy to mitigate that impact. Climate scenarios were derived from General Circulation Model’s simulations viz. Hadley Center Coupled Model Version 3, Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and ...
Bayesian theory; basins; climate; evapotranspiration; gauges; global change; groundwater; model uncertainty; models; runoff; swimming; water management; watersheds; Central European region
Abstract:
... A global change assessment required detailed simulation of water availability in the Elbe River basin in Central Europe (148,268 km²). Using the spatially semi-distributed, eco-hydrological model SWIM, spatial calibration was applied. For 225 sub-areas covering the model domain (134,890 km²), evapotranspiration and groundwater dynamics were individually adjusted. The calibration aimed at good corr ...
... This research presents an evaluation of glacier recession and glacial-lake expansion in the Rongxer basin in the Mount Qomolangma National Reserve of central Himalaya. Changes in glacier and glacial-lake surface areas in the Reserve between 1975, 1992 and 2005 have been estimated using remote sensing and GIS techniques that have integrated field data from 2009, 1:50,000 scale topographic maps, AST ...
basins; climate; climate change; evapotranspiration; groundwater; humans; hydrologic models; land use; landscapes; lignite; meteorological data; mining; model validation; plant growth; rivers; runoff; swimming; temperature; variance; water management; watersheds; Central European region
Abstract:
... A spatially differentiated, management-revised projection of natural water availability up to 2053 was requested for a basin-wide scenario study about the impact of global change in the Elbe River basin. Detailed discharge and weather information of the recent years 1951â2003 were available for model calibration and validation. However, the straightforward âclassicâ approach of calibrating a ...
atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; corrosion; dry season; power generation; power plants; risk reduction; rivers; sea level; seasonal variation; seawater; temperature; warm season; water salinity; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Rise in temperature and annual precipitation, changes in seasonal rainfall patterns, more frequent and severe extreme weather events, and increased salinity in river water have been observed in Bangladesh in the recent years. Rising temperature will elevate total power consumption and peak power demand especially during the pre-monsoon hot summer season, reduce power plant efficiency and transform ...
basins; planning; water conservation; farmers; interviews; sustainable communities; climate change; livelihood; livestock; land reform; soil erosion; temperature; input costs; finance; agricultural policy; climate; South Africa
Abstract:
... Commercial and small-scale farmers in South Africa are exposed to many challenges. Interviews with 44 farmers in the upper Thukela basin, KwaZulu-Natal, were conducted to identify common and specific challenges for the two groups and adaptive strategies for dealing with the effects of climate and other stressors. This work was conducted as part of a larger participatory project with local stakehol ...
agricultural forecasts; agricultural industry; climate; economic forecasting; economic performance; models; rain; rural policy; temperature; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... A multi-output/input stochastic distance frontier model is used to analyze the effect of interannual climatic variability on agricultural production and to assess the impact of climate forecasts on the economic performance of this sector in the Southeastern United States. The results show that the omission of climatic conditions when estimating regional agricultural production models could lead to ...
atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; cluster analysis; drought; floods; heat; landscapes; mass movement; models; risk; water erosion; wind erosion; Hungary
Abstract:
... The assessment of regional climate change impacts combined with the sensitivity of landscape functions by predictive modelling of hazardous landscape processes is a new fundamental field of research. In particular, this study investigates the effects of changing weather extremes on meso-regional-scale landscape vulnerability. Climatic-exposure parameter analysis was performed on a predicted climat ...
... The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of dynamically downscaled reanalysis data to reproduce local-scale spatiotemporal precipitation and temperature data needed to accurately predict streamflow in the Tampa Bay region of west central Florida. In particular, the Florida State University Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies CLARReS10 data (NCEP DOE 2 reanalysis data (R2) dow ...
climate; climate change; developmental stages; disasters; floods; heat stress; insect diseases; plant cultural practices; rice; temporal variation; China
Abstract:
... Both climate extremes and agricultural disasters have been reported to increase in recent decades; however, so far, we have little idea on the characteristics of agricultural disasters changes, as well as their meteorological and agronomic causes. Here, using the observed records on rice disasters at agro-meteorological stations across China and the meteorological indexes, we investigated the temp ...
General Circulation Models; case studies; climate; model uncertainty; vertebrates
Abstract:
... High-resolution (downscaled) projections of future climate conditions are critical inputs to a wide variety of ecological and socioeconomic models and are created using numerous different approaches. Here, we conduct a sensitivity analysis of spatial predictions from climate envelope models for threatened and endangered vertebrates in the southeastern United States to determine whether two differe ...
climate; climate change; decision support systems; managers; risk management; scientists; surveys; water management; Alabama; Florida; Georgia
Abstract:
... Despite nearly 20 years of work on understanding the climate information needs of stakeholders and simultaneous development of decision support tools, a relatively low level of awareness of specific climate information products exists among many water managers in the southeastern United States. This paper presents results from an assessment of key water management decisions, awareness of, percepti ...
... Climate, farmers’ actions and previous cultivation history influence regional crop yields and drive autonomous adaptation in time. Proceeding climate change will induce needs for various adaptation measures in the future, especially in the northern regions. We investigated how farms take advantage of novel opportunities in Finland as dictated by the biophysical environment, farmer experience and k ...
... Recent studies have projected significant climate change impacts in Africa. In order to understand what this means in terms of human well-being at local level, we need to understand how households can cope and adapt. This need has led many authors to argue for approaches to adaptation that are based on vulnerability analysis. Vulnerability is one of the key terms in the climate change literature, ...
development policy; households; rural communities; household surveys; credit; extension education; climate change; land tenure; rain; coping strategies; climate; Nepal
Abstract:
... This study analyzes the factors influencing the adoption of various adaptation practices by a highly marginalized indigenous community in the remote rural Mid-Hills of Nepal. The analysis is based on a household survey conducted among 221 Chepang households selected randomly. A multivariate probit model was used to analyze five categories of adaptation choices against a set of socio-economic, inst ...
Pinus uncinata; algorithms; altitude; climate; climate change; ecosystems; entropy; forests; grasslands; habitats; models; mountains; shrublands; space and time
Abstract:
... Recent climate change is already affecting both ecosystems and the organisms that inhabit them, with mountains and their associated biota being particularly vulnerable. Due to the high conservation value of mountain ecosystems, reliable science-based information is needed to implement additional conservation efforts in order to ensure their future. This paper examines how climate change might impa ...
climate; climate models; crop management; ecology; hurricanes; hydrology; rain; time series analysis; universities; wavelengths; Florida
Abstract:
... A 108-year (1901–2008) downscaling of the twentieth-century reanalysis (20CR) using the Regional Spectral Model (RSM) has been conducted for the southeastern United States (SEUS) at a horizontal grid resolution of 10 km. This 108-year product, named as the Florida Climate Institute-Florida State University Land–Atmosphere Reanalysis for the southeastern United States at 10-km resolution version 1. ...
viability; conservation areas; community structure; monitoring; models; biogeography; habitats; climate change; biodiversity; climate; birds; Nevada; Andes region; Colombia
Abstract:
... Climate change is expected to cause shifts in species distributions worldwide, threatening their viability due to range reductions and altering their representation in protected areas. Biodiversity hotspots might be particularly vulnerable to climate change because they hold large numbers of species with small ranges which could contract even further as species track their optimal habitat. In this ...
... Historical data, archival information, in-situ observations and multi-date remotely sensed imagery comprising CORONA photographs of 1967, aerial photographs of 1991 and 2000, and Landsat TM and Landsat ETM images of 1989 and 1994 and 2001, respectively, were used to reconstruct environmental changes in and around the Okavango Delta during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The major changes t ...
Davide Cammarano; Lydia Stefanova; Brenda V. Ortiz; Melissa Ramirez-Rodrigues; Senthold Asseng; Vasubandhu Misra; Gail Wilkerson; Bruno Basso; James W. Jones; Kenneth J. Boote; Steven DiNapoli
climate; climate change; climate models; corn; crop models; crop yield; crops; meteorological data; simulation models; solar radiation; summer; temperature; uncertainty; variance; wheat; winter; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... Crop models are one of the most commonly used tools to assess the impact of climate variability and change on crop production. However, before the impact of projected climate changes on crop production can be addressed, a necessary first step is the assessment of the inherent uncertainty and limitations of the forcing data used in these crop models. In this paper, we evaluate the simulated crop pr ...
... Greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions from agricultural farming practice contribute significantly to European GHG inventories. For example, CO2 is emitted when grassland is converted to cropland or when peatlands are drained and cultivated. N2O emissions result from fertilization. Enabling farmers to reduce their GHG emissions requires sufficient information about its pressure-impact relations as well ...
... Certain parts of the State of Nagaland situated in the northeastern region of India have been experiencing rainfall deficit over the past few years leading to severe drought-like conditions, which is likely to be aggravated under a climate change scenario. The state has already incurred considerable losses in the agricultural sector. Regional vulnerability assessments need to be carried out in ord ...
biennials; case studies; climate; forest policy; forest types; markets; prices; reforestation; secondary forests; spatial data; time series analysis; Mississippi
Abstract:
... Understanding forest changes and its trajectory is important to develop policy options and future scenarios for climate analysis. This research is conducted to gain insights on secondary forests change using Mississippi, USA, as a case study. We investigate the spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of secondary forests at high resolution and examine the forces driving their changes. An extensive ...
dispersions; at-risk population; General Circulation Models; climate change; particulates; meteorological parameters; case studies; air pollution; adverse effects; climate; Poland
Abstract:
... Ground level air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅), has been associated with a number of adverse health effects. The dispersion of PM₂.₅ through the atmosphere depends on several mutually connected anthropogenic, geophysical and meteorological parameters, all of which are affected by climate change. This study examines how projected climate change would affect population exposu ...
El Nino; case studies; climate; climate change; correlation; marshes; national parks; sea level; surface temperature; Florida; North Sea
Abstract:
... While secular changes in regional sea levels and their implications for coastal zone management have been studied extensively, less attention is being paid to natural fluctuations in sea levels, whose interaction with a higher mean level could have significant impacts on low-lying areas, such as wetlands. Here, the long record of sea level at Key West, FL is studied in terms of both the secular tr ...
... Climate exerts an important role on grape production and wine quality. For one of the main areas protected under the denomination of origin Rías Baixas, in Galicia, Spain, we explore the relationships among grape production, wine quality, rainfall and temperature for the period 1987–2005. The influence of climatic variability was analysed in terms of the relationship between the productivity of th ...
planning; researchers; decision making; uncertainty; information retrieval; climate change; scientists; issues and policy; climate; governance; Europe
Abstract:
... Across Europe, national governments have started to strategically plan adaptation to climate change. Making adaptation decisions is difficult in the light of uncertainties and the complexity of adaptation problems. Already large amounts of research results on climate impacts and adaptive measures are available, and more are produced and need to be mediated across the boundary between science and p ...
risk; public health; sustainable development; human resources; water management; urban planning; heat stress; climate change; climate models; cities; case studies; issues and policy; climate
Abstract:
... With cities facing climate change, climate adaptation is necessary to reduce risks such as heat stress and flooding and maintain the goals of sustainable urban development. In climate change literature, the focus has been on developing a new dedicated policy domain for climate adaptation. Yet, empirical evidence shows that in practice actors are searching for solutions that not only serve climate ...
case studies; climate; climate change; multi-criteria decision making; rivers; stakeholders; Finland
Abstract:
... Decision-making for the purpose of adaptation to climate change typically involves multiple stakeholders, regions and sectors as well as multiple objectives related to the use of resources and perceived benefits. Standard cost–benefit analysis can be argued to take into account easily monetised effects only. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) embedded in participatory processes can therefore ...
climate change; systematic review; climate; developed countries; governance
Abstract:
... Considerable barriers can emerge in developing and implementing climate change adaptation strategies. Understanding the nature of barriers to adaptation is important so as to find strategic ways of dealing with them. However, our current understanding is limited and highly fragmented across the academic community. This paper aims to bring some conceptual convergence in these debates by applying a ...
... This paper reconciles the difference in the projections of the wet season over the Southeastern United States (SEUS) from a global climate model (the Community Climate System Model Version 3 [CCSM3]) and from a regional climate model (the Regional Spectral Model [RSM]) nested in the CCSM3. The CCSM3 projects a dipole in the summer precipitation anomaly: peninsular Florida dries in the future clima ...