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... We study how economic, conflict, and environmental drivers of migration influence immigration acceptance in a receiving country. We carried out an online survey experiment in autumn 2015 with 686 student participants from the University of Innsbruck in Austria. In the survey experiment, respondents state their acceptance for a fictitious migrant from Chad where we vary the following causes of the ...
behavior change; biodiversity conservation; climate change; crop diversification; self-efficacy; social change; water management; Bangladesh; India
Abstract:
... Affecting behavioural change is a common underlying goal across environmental and agricultural sciences, from climate change mitigation and adaptation, biodiversity conservation, water management, to crop diversification. However, many projects fail to drive or sustain change despite sound science and good intentions. This paper draws on existing theories of behavioural change to construct a conce ...
... Alpine valleys constitute fragile environments and are very sensitive to environmental change. Current trends constitute major upheavals challenging these communities’ adaptation abilities. Coupling quantitative modeling and qualitative social sciences analyses is necessary to provide insights on sources of vulnerability but such endeavors remain rare in the scientific literature. We present a met ...
case studies; climate; climate change; crop diversification; crop insurance; crop losses; crop yield; decision making; drought tolerance; groundwater; livestock; logit analysis; microirrigation; socioeconomics; soil quality; water shortages; India
Abstract:
... Inevitability of climate change and stressors such as insects, pests, scarcity of water resources, and poor socio-economic condition of farmers have led to a substantial reduction in crop yield across the Indian subcontinent. The farming community follows adaptation measures to deal with these multiple stressors. Sometimes following the adaptation measures leads to a detrimental impact on crop yie ...
Landsat; climate change; coasts; digital elevation models; river deltas; sea level; subsidence; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Sea level rise (SLR) due to global climate change negatively impacts coastal zones, in particular wetland and mangrove ecosystems. Mangroves in the Mekong Delta (MD) in Vietnam provide critical ecosystem services in the region; however, escalated relative SLR is likely to affect all ecosystems in the region, with mangroves probably more vulnerable than others. Given the fact that documented inform ...
climate; climate change; greenhouse gases; immigration; people; surveys; New Zealand
Abstract:
... As the effects of climate change begin to materialise across Pacific Island nations, many exposed communities are considering migrating away from their homelands. Migrants’ resettlement experiences can depend upon their reception in the host nation. However, it is unclear whether justice-based obligations will influence host attitudes toward climate migrants. Using an online survey of 238 Aotearoa ...
deforestation; forests; public lands; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... The impact of deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia is a global concern, and land occupation in public lands contributes to increased deforestation rates. Little is known about the spread of deforestation in landholdings in undesignated public lands located on cattle-ranching frontiers. We use a case of Matupi District, a hotspot of deforestation along the Transamazon Highway in the southern portion ...
climate change; food security; self-efficacy; uncertainty; Ghana; Mali
Abstract:
... Food security in West Africa is threatened by climate change, as well as demographic shifts and land constraints. Communities and policy-makers in the region need to plan for long term sustainability and food security when many conditions are highly uncertain. Participatory scenario planning has been proposed as a tool for building strategic action in the face of uncertainty. Proponents have made ...
Maria Lucrécia Gerosa Ramos; Robervone Severina de Melo Pereira do Nascimento; Antonio Marcos Miranda Silva; Stefany Braz Silva; Manuel Pereira de Oliveira Júnior
Citrus; ancestry; cerrado; corn; cropping sequence; nitrogen; pastures; soil depth; soil management; soil quality; total nitrogen; total organic carbon; Brazil
Abstract:
... Quilombola communities found in the Cerrado region of Brazil are inhabited mainly by groups of African ancestry. They tend to use agricultural management without technical assistance, which degrades soil quality. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the carbon and nitrogen pools in the Quilombola areas under different soil management types. A crop sequence was evaluated in two native Cerrad ...
... There are currently 180 million hectares under pasture in Brazil, and despite the country being one of the largest meat producers, there remain around 64 million hectares that show signs of degradation and contribute to the substantial loss of soil organic carbon (SOC). The aim of this study, therefore, was to derive the factors for SOC stock changes in managed pastures and evaluate the potential ...
aesthetics; air quality; climate change; crop production; decision making; drought; ecosystems; fish; forest regeneration; forests; irrigated farming; issues and policy; landscapes; lifestyle; rain; sea level; social welfare; sugarcane; water flow; Brazil
Abstract:
... Inequalities in benefits from ecosystem services (ES) challenge the achievement of sustainability goals, because they increase the vulnerability of socio-ecological systems to climate hazards. Yet the unequal effects of changes in ES, and of climate change more generally, on human well-being (HWB) are still poorly accounted for in decision-making around adaptation, particularly in tropical countri ...
... Road weather is a major concern for the public safety and health, industries and transport sectors. Half of the yearly 27,000 road and 50,000 pedestrian injuries in Finland, Norway and Sweden can be traced back to slippery road and walkway conditions. We simulated the climate change impacts on future roads and walkways for mid- and end-century in Finland, Norway and Sweden with the road weather mo ...
Tacinga; Trigona; caatinga; case studies; climate change; dry forests; geographical distribution; greenhouse gas emissions; hummingbirds; indigenous species; model validation; models; niches; phenology; stingless bees; Brazil
Abstract:
... Climate change modifies geographic ranges, phenology, and biological interactions—key components of species ecological niche. Alterations in distribution ranges could decrease the size of the populations and thus threaten the persistence of the species. Here, we seek to test the Eltonian Noise Hypotheses (ENH), which states that biotic interactions do not affect species distribution at large geogr ...
climate change; databases; globalization; issues and policy; South Africa
Abstract:
... Southern Africa is a diverse region harbouring exceptional natural and cultural values, which are increasingly threatened by climate change. We investigated the progress of climate change research in ten countries in the region during 2000–2019. We reviewed 972 publications included in the Scopus database, which addressed different aspects of climate change and explicitly referred to the managemen ...
... Mangroves are highly productive and changing forests located in the intertidal zone of tropical regions. Leaf litter decomposition represents a substantial part of their carbon sink abilities. Little is known about the potential effect of climate change on this key process of ecosystem functioning. This study compared leaf litter microbial decay between fringe and riverine Avicennia germinans stan ...
at-risk population; case studies; climate change; humans; mortality; population growth; risk reduction; weather; Nepal
Abstract:
... The impacts of climatic disasters have been rising globally. Several studies argue that this upward trend is due to rapid growth in the population and wealth exposed to disasters. Others argue that rising extreme weather events due to anthropogenic climate change are responsible for the increase. Hence, the causes of the increase in disaster impacts remain elusive. Disaster impacts relative to inc ...
aerial photography; biodiversity; ecosystems; heathlands; land use change; national parks; paleoecology; risk reduction; shrublands; Tasmania
Abstract:
... Ongoing European suppression of Aboriginal cultural land management since early-nineteenth century colonisation is widely thought to have caused major transformations across all Australian landscapes, including vegetation thickening, severe fires and biodiversity declines. However, these effects are often confounded in the densely settled southern Australia due to European land transformation. Lan ...
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; capital; case studies; climate; humans; information exchange; riparian areas; Amazonia
Abstract:
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report reveals vast evidence of increasing climate variability and a higher frequency and intensity of extreme events. Vulnerable regions to such disturbances have been widely studied in some areas, but considerably less is known about other vulnerable regions that are key to global climatic regulation, such as Amazonia. In terms of th ...
... In northeast Brazil, fight-against-drought and cope-with-drought have been identified as two different drought policy paradigms. This article aims to examine the persistence, coexistence, intertwining, and evolution of these drought policy paradigms by studying how they inform national policy responses in human-water systems. The questions guiding our research are what do the paradigms of fight-ag ...
... Macroinvertebrates that rely on a supply of planktonic larvae for recruitment play a significant role in maintaining productivity in mangrove ecosystems. Thus, identifying the spatial distribution and physiological limitations of invertebrate larval communities within mangroves is important for targeted conservation efforts to maintain population persistence amid the threat of climate change. Here ...