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1. An introductory report on the biodiversity of Middle Jurassic Phoenicopsis (Czekanowskiales) from the Ordos Basin, China

Author:
Sun, Chunlin; Li, Yunfeng; Dilcher, David L.; Wang, Hongshan; Li, Tao; Na, Yuling; Wang, Anping
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1858-1865
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
basins; biodiversity; ecotones; forests; hills; lakes; leaves; paleoclimatology; shrubs; streams; swamps; taxonomy; temperate zones; temperature; trees; China
Abstract:
... Although the genus Phoenicopsis is the most common member of Czekanowskiales and is considered an indicative representative of the Middle Jurassic Coniopteris–Phoenicopsis assemblage in northern China, little was known about its taxonomy and biodiversity based upon the leaf cuticular structure. In this paper, three subgenera of the genus Phoenicopsis from the Middle Jurassic, Yan’an Formation of t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0904-y

2. The oldest known larva and its implications for the plesiomorphy of metazoan development

Author:
Zhang, Huaqiao; Dong, Xi-Ping
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1947-1953
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
Animalia; adults; fossils; invertebrates; larvae; mouth; China
Abstract:
... There has been a century-long debate in evolutionary developmental biology about whether the ancestral metazoan was a larva or an adult. Two competing hypotheses have been proposed: the “terminal addition” theory, which assumes the primitiveness of larvae, and the “intercalation” theory, which assumes the primitiveness of adults. A consensus has not yet been reached, but the “terminal addition” th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0886-9

3. Divergence of tree-ring-based drought reconstruction between the individual sampling site and the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas: an example from Guancen Mountain

Author:
Li, Qiang; Liu, Yu; Song, Huiming; Yang, Yinke; Zhao, Boyang
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1688-1697
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
climate; dendroclimatology; drought; drying; growth rings; monsoon season; paleoclimatology; summer; China
Abstract:
... To evaluate the applicability of the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI) to paleoclimate reconstructions in the east Asian summer monsoon region, we used a 194-year tree-ring width chronology from Guancen Mountain, Shanxi Province, China, to investigate its correlation with SPEI and scPDSI, respectively. The resu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0889-6

4. Fossil seeds of Euryale (Nymphaeaceae) indicate a lake or swamp environment in the late Miocene Zhaotong Basin of southwestern China

Author:
Huang, Yongjiang; Ji, Xueping; Su, Tao; Wang, Li; Deng, Chenglong; Li, Wenqi; Luo, Hongfen; Zhou, Zhekun
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1768-1777
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
Nymphaeaceae; aquatic plants; basins; birds; cell walls; crocodiles; fish; fossils; frogs; germination; lakes; pollen; swamps; testa; turtles; China; Europe
Abstract:
... Euryale (Nymphaeaceae) is a monotypic genus distributed in eastern Asia, but fossils in its native distribution are sparse as compared to Europe where the genus has disappeared. Here, we describe a new fossil species, Euryale yunnanensis sp. nov., from the late Miocene Zhaotong Basin in southwestern China on the basis of seed remains. Characteristics including an ellipsoidal to almost spherical sh ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0870-4

5. Metamorphism and zircon U–Pb dating of garnet amphibolite in the Baoyintu Group, Inner Mongolia

Author:
Chen, Yaping; Wei, Chunjing; Zhang, Jinrui; Chu, Hang
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1698-1707
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
plagioclase; quartz; texture; zircon; zoning; China
Abstract:
... Garnet amphibolite in the Baoyintu Group, Inner Mongolia, is mainly composed of garnet, hornblende, plagioclase, quartz and minor rutile/ilmenite. Garnet occurs as porphyroblasts surrounded by plagioclase, forming typical “white-eye socket” texture. Garnet shows grossular content of 0.26–0.28 and pyrope of 0.11–0.13, without significant zoning. Plagioclase is generally zoned with anorthite (An) in ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0890-0

6. Projected impacts of climate change on protected birds and nature reserves in China

Author:
Li, Xueyan; Clinton, Nicholas; Si, Yali; Liao, Jishan; Liang, Lu; Gong, Peng
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1644-1653
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
biodiversity; biogeography; birds; climate; climate change; conservation areas; extinction; habitats; models; protected species; risk; China
Abstract:
... Knowledge about climate change impacts on species distribution at national scale is critical to biodiversity conservation and design of management programs. Although China is a biodiversity hot spot in the world, potential influence of climate change on Chinese protected birds is rarely studied. Here, we assess the impact of climate change on 108 protected bird species and nature reserves using sp ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0892-y

7. The origin of bedding-parallel fibrous calcite veins in the Lower Permian Chihsia Formation in western Hubei Province, South China

Author:
Yu, Hao; Zhou, XiQiang; Wang, JianGuo; Guo, Chuan; Wei, HengYe; Chen, DaiZhao
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1778-1786
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
alkalinity; calcite; crystals; sediments; shale; stable isotopes; sulfates; China
Abstract:
... Bedding-parallel fibrous veins occurring as lenticular to flattened intercalations were found in the organic-rich marlstone/calcareous shale of the upper Lower Permian Chihsia Formation in western Hubei Province, South China. They dominantly consist of fibrous calcite crystals with smooth and tight boundaries, forming fence-like inward, syntaxial growth clusters toward the vein center along which ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0903-z

8. A first comprehensive evaluation of China’s GNSS-R airborne campaign: part II—river remote sensing

Author:
Bai, Weihua; Xia, Junming; Wan, Wei; Zhao, Limin; Sun, Yueqiang; Meng, Xiangguang; Liu, Congliang; Chen, Hua; Du, Qifei; Wang, Dongwei; Zhao, Danyang; Wang, Xianyi; Cheng, Cheng
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1527-1534
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
algorithms; geophysics; global positioning systems; lakes; reflectometry; remote sensing; rivers; soil water; China; Yellow River
Abstract:
... The Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) has been proven to be a powerful technique for retrieving geophysical parameters of ocean and land. Airborne GNSS-R is an important experimental platform, because it is not only needed as validation for spaceborne application, but also possesses the advantages to be capable of remote sensing of small and medium scale targets, such as ri ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0869-x

9. Exotic origin of the Chinese continental shelf: new insights into the tectonic evolution of the western Pacific and eastern China since the Mesozoic

Author:
Niu, Yaoling; Liu, Yi; Xue, Qiqi; Shao, Fengli; Chen, Shuo; Duan, Meng; Guo, Pengyuan; Gong, Hongmei; Hu, Yan; Hu, Zhenxing; Kong, Juanjuan; Li, Jiyong; Liu, Jinju; Sun, Pu; Sun, Wenli; Ye, Lei; Xiao, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Yu
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1598-1616
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
continental shelf; drilling; gneiss; mineralization; plateaus; space and time; tectonics; China; East China Sea; Sea of Japan; South China Sea; Taiwan
Abstract:
... The effect of paleo-Pacific subduction on the geological evolution of the western Pacific and continental China is likely complex. Nevertheless, our analysis of the distribution of Mesozoic granitoids in the eastern continental China in space and time has led us to an interesting conclusion: The basement of the continental shelf beneath East and South China Seas may actually be of exotic origin ge ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0891-z

10. Modulation of the urban heat island by the tourism during the Chinese New Year holiday: a case study in Sanya City, Hainan Province of China

Author:
Zhang, Jingyong; Wu, Lingyun
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1543-1546
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
air temperature; anthropogenic activities; case studies; climate; heat island; tourism; tourists; China
Abstract:
... The urban heat island (UHI) represents one of the most significant human impacts on the earth system. In recent decades, the number of the tourists has a remarkable increase in China and also other regions of the globe. However, it is still unclear whether or to what extent the tourism can affect the UHI. Here, we investigate the role of the tourism for the UHI during the Chinese New Year (CNY) ho ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0864-2

11. Petrological evidence for isobaric cooling of ultrahigh-temperature pelitic granulites from the Khondalite Belt, North China Craton

Author:
Gou, Longlong; Zhang, Chengli; Wang, Quan
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1535-1542
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
biotite; cooling; heat; models; quartz; rocks; China
Abstract:
... The ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) pelitic granulites from the Khondalite Belt, North China Craton (NCC), contain ilmenite in the matrix, which has been partially replaced by rutile. Based on this observation and the growth of biotite by garnet-consuming reaction, the UHT rocks are inferred to have recorded three metamorphic stages: the peak metamorphic stage (M1) and two retrograde metamorphic stage ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0872-2

12. Microbial aerosol characteristics in highly polluted and near-pristine environments featuring different climatic conditions

Author:
Wei, Kai; Zheng, Yunhao; Li, Jing; Shen, Fangxia; Zou, Zhuanglei; Fan, Hanqing; Li, Xinyue; Wu, Chang-yu; Yao, Maosheng
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1439-1447
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
air; bioaerosols; cities; climatic zones; community structure; fluorescence; geophysics; monitoring; particulates; sequence analysis; China
Abstract:
... There is an increasing interest in understanding ambient bioaerosols due to their roles both in health and in climate. Here, we deployed an Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer to monitor viable (fluorescent) bioaerosol concentration levels at city centers (highly polluted) and their corresponding suburbs (near pristine) (total 40 locations) in 11 provinces featuring different climate zones in C ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0868-y

13. Water content of the Xiaogulihe ultrapotassic volcanic rocks, NE China: implications for the source of the potassium-rich component

Author:
Chen, Huan; Xia, Qun-ke; Ingrin, Jannick
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1468-1470
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; basins; melting; minerals; oxygen; partition coefficients; stable isotopes; volcanic rocks; water content; China
Abstract:
... Water has become an effective means to trace the mantle source of basaltic magmas recently. To investigate the source of the potassium-rich component in the Xiaogulihe ultrapotassic volcanic rocks of NE China, we measured the water content of clinopyroxene (cpx) phenocrysts by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and calculated the H2O content of the equilibrated melts according to the partitio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0862-4

14. Shifts in water-level variation of Namco in the central Tibetan Plateau from ICESat and CryoSat-2 altimetry and station observations

Author:
Song, Chunqiao; Ye, Qinghua; Cheng, Xiao
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1287-1297
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
basins; climate; climate change; evapotranspiration; lakes; monitoring; radar; relative humidity; surface water; surface water level; temperature; China
Abstract:
... The dynamics of high-altitude inland lakes in the Tibetan Plateau are sensitive indicators of climate change. Due to the remoteness and hard access, satellite altimetry becomes an effective approach to obtaining large-scale and temporally continuous information of lake-level changes. The CryoSat-2 altimetry is expected to solve the current problem that earlier radar altimeters are only practical f ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0826-8

15. Cropland expansion facilitated the outbreak of cereal aphids during 1951–2010 in China

Author:
Zhao, Zi-Hua; Ouyang, Fang; Ge, Feng
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1036-1037
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
Aphidoidea; biological control; climate change; cropland; ecosystem services; land use; pests; regression analysis; wheat; China
Abstract:
... Landscape-scale pattern could affect ecosystem service such as biocontrol of agricultural pests. Additionally, pest outbreak has been shown to be interwoven with land-use intensity. In the present research, we collected and analysed the 60-year data of cereal aphids and wheat area during 1951–2010 in China. Regression model was applied to analyse the relationship between pest damage and cropland e ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0795-y

16. Mass human migration and Beijing’s urban heat island during the Chinese New Year holiday

Author:
Zhang, Jingyong; Wu, Lingyun; Yuan, Fang; Dou, Jingjing; Miao, Shiguang
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 1038-1041
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
case studies; climate; heat island; humans; rural areas; temperature; China
Abstract:
... Population movements around the Chinese New Year (CNY), which are much larger in recent years than before, are the largest annual human migration in the world. However, it is still largely unknown how or to what extent such mass human migration affects urban climate. Here, we investigate the role of mass human migration in influencing Beijing’s urban heat island (UHI) during the CNY holiday for th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0809-9

17. Initial results of China’s GNSS-R airborne campaign: soil moisture retrievals

Author:
Wan, Wei; Bai, Weihua; Zhao, Limin; Long, Di; Sun, Yueqiang; Meng, Xiangguang; Chen, Hua; Cui, Xiai; Hong, Yang
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 964-971
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
algorithms; cropland; geophysics; global positioning systems; models; reflectometry; remote sensing; soil water; vegetation; water vapor; China
Abstract:
... The global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) technique has been proven to be a powerful tool for retrieving geophysical parameters of ocean and land/hydrology processes. The ultimate goal for such GNSS-R applications is to achieve large-scale, all-weather, and full-time mapping using spaceborne platforms. In order to ensure both GNSS-R receiver and algorithm meet the requirements ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0789-9

18. New SIMS U–Pb zircon age and its constraint on the beginning of the Nantuo glaciation

Author:
Liu, Pengju; Li, Xianhua; Chen, Shouming; Lan, Zhongwu; Yang, Ben; Shang, Xiaodong; Yin, Chongyu
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 958-963
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
glaciation; tuff; zircon; China
Abstract:
... A new SIMS U–Pb zircon age of 654.2 ± 2.7Ma was reported from the middle Datangpo Formation in Changyang County of Hubei Province, China. The age is identical with that of 654 ± 3.8Ma from the top Datangpo Formation in western Hunan Province, revealing that the volcanic activities (~654Ma) may have occurred widely in South China. The occurrence of the tuff beds (~654Ma) at different intervals of t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0790-3

19. Analysis of isentropic potential vorticities for the relationship between stratospheric anomalies and the cooling process in China

Author:
Lu, Chunhui; Ding, Yihui
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 726-738
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
air; cold; cooling; stratosphere; time series analysis; troposphere; wind direction; winter; China
Abstract:
... We analyze the relationships between stratospheric polar vortex anomalies and cooling events in eastern China using isentropic reanalysis data from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Daily mean data from 2000 to 2011 are used to explore the effective stratospheric signals. First, diagnoses of the 2009/2010 winter show that after the stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) of the At ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0757-4

20. Concentrations and distributions of Dechlorane Plus in environmental samples around a Dechlorane Plus manufacturing plant in East China

Author:
Zhang, Qinghua; Zhu, Chaofei; Zhang, Haidong; Wang, Pu; Li, Yingming; Ren, Daiwei; Jiang, Guibin
Source:
Science bulletin 2015 v.60 pp. 792-797
ISSN:
2095-9273
Subject:
air; isomers; manufacturing; sediments; soil air; China
Abstract:
... A comprehensive investigation into the occurrence of Dechlorane Plus (DP) in environmental samples around a DP manufacturing plant in East China was performed. The total syn-DP and anti-DP concentrations found in the soil, sediment, active air, and passive air samples were 0.50–2,315pg/g dry weight (dw), 0.32–20.5ng/g dw, 5.52–3,332pg/m3, and 1.00–4,560pg/m3, respectively. There were consistent tr ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-015-0768-1