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1. Assessment of soil salinity indexes using electrical conductivity sensors

Author:
Bañón, Sebastián; Álvarez, Sara; Bañón, Daniel; Ortuño, María Fernanda; Sánchez-Blanco, María Jesús
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110171
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
electrical conductivity; irrigation management; models; salinity; salt tolerance; soil salinity; water content
Abstract:
... The salinity tolerance of plants can be improved by efficient irrigation management and salt flushing, which require a continuous and precise knowledge of the salinity in the soil or substrate. Soil sensors that measure electrical conductivity play an essential role in monitoring soil salinity. However, the correct interpretation of salinity measurements using soil sensors depends on developing ap ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110171

2. Bulbils in garlic inflorescence: development and virus translocation

Author:
Bhusal, Himal; Shemesh-Mayer, Einat; Forer, Itzhak; Kryukov, Lavr; Peters, Ross; Kamenetsky-Goldstein, Rina
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110146
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Potyviridae; cultivars; flowers; garlic; histology; propagation materials; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; tissue culture; virus transmission; viruses
Abstract:
... Commercial garlic cultivars are propagated only vegetatively. Since viral infection is sheltered in all plant organs, it is transmitted from one generation to another. Bolting varieties of garlic often produce small bulbils in the inflorescence that can be used for propagation. We studied morphological and histological aspects of bulbil differentiation and virus transmission from the mother plant ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110146

3. Characterization of genes involved in pear ascorbic acid metabolism and their response to bagging treatment during ‘Yali’ fruit development

Author:
Wang, Libin; Ma, Min; Zhang, Suling; Wu, Zhangfei; Li, Jian; Luo, Weiqi; Guo, Lin; Lin, Wei; Zhang, Shaoling
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110178
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
ascorbate oxidase; ascorbate peroxidase; ascorbic acid; biochemical pathways; chromosomes; cortex; fruiting; gene expression; genes; glutathione; glutathione dehydrogenase (ascorbate); metabolism; monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH); pears; pericarp
Abstract:
... In this study, a total of 59 genes involved in ascorbic acid (AsA) metabolism were identified from pear genome with diverse chromosome locations, gene structures, and cis-acting elements. Most were derived from WGD/segmental duplication blocks, and purifying selection was the main driving force for their expansion. Their expression profiles were tissue-specific, and postharvest light treatment wou ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110178

4. Comparative analysis of candidate genes for multi-season flowering in two varieties of sweet osmanthus

Author:
Yang, Jing; Wang, Shuai; Xia, Hexiao; Guo, Peng; Wang, Yi-Han; Shang, Fu-De; Li, Yong
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110175
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Osmanthus fragrans; autumn; exons; flower buds; protein structure
Abstract:
... Multi-season flowering is one of the most important traits of ornamental plants. In this study, the multi-season flowering candidate genes APETALA1 (AP1) and TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1) in the multi-season flowering ‘Sijigui’ variety and autumn flowering ‘Jingui’ variety were compared and analyzed. Two homologous genes of AP1 were found in ‘Sijigui’ and ‘Jingui’, namely, OfAP1-a and OfAP1-b. OfAP1-a a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110175

5. Contrastive analysis of trichome distribution, morphology, structure, and associated gene expression reveals the formation factors of different trichome types in two commercial Rosa species

Author:
Ma, Wen-Tao; Lu, Min; Ludlow, Richard A.; Wang, Dao-Jing; Zeng, Jing-Wen; An, Hua-Ming
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110131
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Rosa roxburghii; cellulose; fruits; gene expression; germplasm; hemicellulose; leaves; lignin; mesophyll; suberin; transmission electron microscopy; trichomes; China
Abstract:
... Trichomes are prevalent on the surfaces of many organs in Rosa and have an important impact on the edibility of the fruit. Here, the diversity, distribution, anatomical structure, and genetic regulation of trichomes in Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (RR) and R. sterilis S. D. Shi (RS) were explored. RS and RR are important commercial crops in China due to their nutritional and medicinal value; however, th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110131

6. Effect of cold storage on the postharvest quality of different Tarocco sweet orange clonal selections

Author:
Strano, Maria Concetta; Di Silvestro, Silvia; Allegra, Maria; Russo, Giuseppe; Caruso, Marco
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110167
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Citrus sinensis; anthocyanins; cold storage; color; cultivars; deformation; firmness; fruit consumption; fruit weight; fruits; juices; oranges; pH; pulp; raw fruit; relative humidity; shelf life; weight loss
Abstract:
... Fruits of sixteen Tarocco sweet orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck) clonal selections were compared for their long-period cold storage aptitude, for fresh fruit consumption. Selections were evaluated, for two consecutive seasons, at harvest (T0) and after 30 (T30), 60 (T60) days of storage at 5 ± 1 °C and 85–90% relative humidity (RH), followed by 7 days of shelf-life at 20±2 °C (T60+7). The foll ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110167

7. Effect of rain-shelter cultivation on the monoterpenes profile of Muscat Hamburg grapes and wines

Author:
Yue, Xiaofeng; Wei, Shichao; Liu, Wanhao; Lu, Jiansheng; Fang, Yulin; Zhang, Zhenwen; Ju, Yanlun
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110136
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Vitis vinifera; biosynthesis; gene expression; monoterpenoids; odors; wet season; wines
Abstract:
... Monoterpenes make important contributions to the aroma of grapes and wine. In this study, the monoterpene profiles and related gene expression patterns were investigated in vitis vinifera cv. Muscat Hamburg grapes grown under open-field and rain-shelter cultivation for two vintages. The results showed bound monoterpenes biosynthesis was repressed during the rainy season. There were no significant ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110136

8. Effects of different interstock length on vegetative growth and flowering in peach cv. Pavie Catherine

Author:
Calderón, Facundo J.; Weibel, Antonio M.; Trentacoste, Eduardo R.
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110174
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
canopy; orchards; peaches; rootstocks; vegetative growth; Argentina
Abstract:
... Peach production needs appropriate management strategies to control canopy size, to increase tree density and yield, and to facilitate orchard operations. We evaluated compatibility, vegetative growth and flowering in peach trees cv. Pavie Catherine grafted on seven interstocks, at two interstock lengths (5 and 35 cm). Citation, Damas GF 1869, Hiawatha, Krymsk® 1, Monpol, MrS 2/5 and Myran were us ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110174

9. Genetic male sterility breeding in heat tolerant bell pepper: Introgression of ms10 gene from hot pepper through marker-assisted backcrossing

Author:
Rani, Menisha; Jindal, Salesh Kumar; Vikal, Yogesh; Meena, Om Prakash
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110172
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Capsicum annuum var. annuum; backcrossing; chromosomes; economic valuation; fruits; genes; heat tolerance; heterozygosity; hot peppers; hybrids; inbreeding; introgression; male sterility; phenotypic selection; progeny; sweet peppers
Abstract:
... The main goal of this research was to introgressed the genetic male sterility (GMS) gene ms10 from hot pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum) to heat tolerant bell pepper (C. annuum var. grossum) inbreds and to pyramid it with the non-pungent (pun1) gene. The gene positive plant selection was assisted by the SSR marker linked to ms10 gene located on chromosome I and the SCAR marker indicating the no ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110172

10. Genetic origin and climate determine fruit quality and antioxidant traits on apple (Malus x domestica Borkh)

Author:
Mignard, P.; Beguería, S.; Reig, G.; Font i Forcada, C.; Moreno, M.A.
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110142
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
antioxidant activity; antioxidants; apples; ascorbic acid; climate; cluster analysis; cultivars; flavonoids; flavor; fruit quality; fruits; germplasm conservation; health promotion; metabolites; multivariate analysis; phenolic compounds; risk reduction; solar radiation; titratable acidity; Spain
Abstract:
... Apples are highly appreciated in terms of flavor, nutritional and health-promoting compounds and are associated with a reduced risk to develop age-related and chronic diseases. In this study, 155 accessions of Malus x domestica Borkh from the apple germplasm collection, located at the Experimental Station of Aula Dei in NE Spain, were analyzed during five consecutive years (2014–2018). Basic fruit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110142

11. Glycine betaine mediated changes in growth, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant system, yield and quality of mustard

Author:
Islam, Shaistul; Parrey, Zubair Ahmad; Shah, Sajad Hussain; Mohammad, Firoz
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110170
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
; Brassica juncea; betaine; carbohydrate content; carbonate dehydratase; cell viability; foliar spraying; hydrogen peroxide; nitrate reductase; photosynthesis; plant root cells; potassium; stomatal movement; superoxide anion
Abstract:
... The present experiment was designed to assess the role of glycine betaine (GB) on growth, photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant system, yield and quality of Brassica juncea L. cv. Pusa Agrani. Four graded concentrations of GB, i.e. 0, 10, 20 or 30 mM were applied as foliar spray at 50 and 70 days after sowing (DAS). The plants were sampled at 80 DAS to analyze growth, physio-biochemical, microsco ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110170

12. Identification and characterization of HD-Zip genes reveals their roles in stresses responses and facultative crassulacean acid metabolism in Dendrobium catenatum

Author:
Huang, Hui; Wang, Hui; Tong, Yan; Wang, Yu-Hua
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110058
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Crassulacean acid metabolism; Dendrobium catenatum; biosynthesis; drought; flowers; genes; heat; leaves; phylogeny; signal transduction; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... Dendrobium catenatum possesses special survival strategy including facultative crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) to cope with various environmental stresses. The homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) proteins had been reported to play essential roles in adaption to the environment. However, the role of the HD-Zip gene family in stresses responses and drought-induced facultative CAM in D. catenatum ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110058

13. Involvement of histone acetylation in tomato resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum

Author:
Gong, Chao; Su, Huihui; Li, Zhenxing; Mai, Peiting; Sun, Baojuan; Li, Zhiliang; Heng, Zhou; Xu, Xiaowan; Yang, Songguang; Li, Tao
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110163
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Ralstonia solanacearum; Solanum lycopersicum; acetylation; bacterial wilt; cultivars; disease incidence; histone deacetylase; histones; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Bacterial wilt (BW) is the most devastating vascular disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), which caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum). Although several strategies have been proposed to control BW, the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we identify two tomato cultivars JG-No3 and XN021, which showed susceptible and resistant to R. solanacearum, respectively. Most d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110163

14. Modeling morphological adaptations of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) to light spectra

Author:
Claypool, N.B.; Lieth, J.H.
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110135
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Capsicum annuum; blue light; far-red light; green light; leaf area; light quality; pepper; phytochrome; plant growth; plant height; specific leaf weight; sweet peppers
Abstract:
... Plant growth lighting research has typically focused on the effects of specific lamps with spectra resulting from the various materials used in building the lamps (eg HPS, Metal Halide, etc). In recent years a single waveband or the pairing of two wavebands as become common as part of LED lamp technology. In this work, we developed eight models to predict height, stem diameter, shoot dry weight, l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110135

15. Petiole sap nitrate concentration to assess crop nitrogen status of greenhouse sweet pepper

Author:
Rodríguez, Alejandra; Peña-Fleitas, M. Teresa; Padilla, Francisco M.; Gallardo, Marisa; Thompson, Rodney B.
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110157
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
equations; fertigation; fruiting; greenhouses; microirrigation; nitrates; nitrogen; nutrient solutions; pepper; petioles; phenology; regression analysis; sap; soil; sweet peppers; vegetable growing; Spain
Abstract:
... Vegetable production requires improved nitrogen (N) management practices. Monitoring petiole sap nitrate concentration ([NO₃⁻–N]) is a simple and cheap method to evaluate crop N status. The sensitivity of petiole sap [NO₃⁻–N] to assess crop N status of sweet pepper was evaluated. Three sweet pepper crops were grown in different cropping seasons, each with an autumn-winter growing period. The crops ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110157

16. Phenotypic plasticity in relation to inter-cultivar variation of garlic (Allium sativum L.) functional performance and yield-stability in response to water availability

Author:
Sánchez-Virosta, Álvaro; Sadras, Víctor O.; Sánchez-Gómez, David
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110128
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
; Allium sativum; biomass; bulbs; climate change; cultivars; garlic; genetic variation; phenotypic plasticity; stomatal conductance; sustainable agriculture; water stress; weather
Abstract:
... Genetic diversity and adaptive functional responses of crops to limiting environmental conditions is crucial for sustainable agricultural production in a climate change scenario. Phenotypic plasticity and the study of stomata-related functional traits contribute to understanding the adaptation of cultivars to different water availability scenarios. In this study we compared biomass and functional ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110128

17. Physiological and transcriptome analysis accentuates microtubules and calcium signaling in Ziziphus jujuba Mill ‘Dongzao’ autotetraploids with sensitive cold tolerance

Author:
Gao, Mengjiao; Wang, Lihu; Li, Min; Sun, Pingfan; Sadeghnezhad, Ehsan; Shi, Haiqing; Qian, Junchen; Liu, Zhiguo; Liu, Mengjun; Liu, Ping; Wang, Lixin
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110183
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Ziziphus jujuba; autotetraploidy; calcium; catalytic activity; cold; cold stress; cold tolerance; diploidy; fruit quality; metabolites; microtubules; raw fruit; stress tolerance; transcriptomics; xyloglucans; China
Abstract:
... The ploidy levels affect the physiological traits and stress tolerance in plants. In comparison to diploids, tetraploids enable to own advanced physiological traits and increase the size and fruit quality and with resistance to abiotic stresses. However, Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ‘Dongzao’ is one of the most popular and consumer favorite fresh fruit in China, which exhibits cold sensitivity within fie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110183

18. Somatic embryogenesis and triterpenoid saponin production in Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem

Author:
Cheng, Yao; Liu, Hanbing; Tong, Xuejiao; Liu, Zaimin; Zhang, Xin; Jiang, Xinmei; Yu, Xihong
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110162
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
2,4-D; Aralia elata; callus; light intensity; plantlets; somatic embryogenesis; survival rate; triterpenoid saponins
Abstract:
... To establish an efficient regeneration system through somatic embryogenesis of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem, the effects of explant type and growth regulators on callus induction in A. elata were evaluated. Stems apices were the best explant type for callus induction when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg•L⁻¹ 2,4-D, and the highest induction rate (97.78%) and callus yield (1.72 g of FW•ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110162

19. The application of the silicon-based biostimulant Codasil® offset water deficit of lettuce plants

Author:
Hidalgo-Santiago, Laura; Navarro-León, Eloy; López-Moreno, Francisco Javier; Arjó, Gemma; González, Luis María; Ruiz, Juan Manuel; Blasco, Begoña
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110177
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
field capacity; growth and development; lettuce; lipid peroxidation; oxidative stress; photosynthesis; plant growth; polypeptides; proline; stress tolerance; water stress
Abstract:
... Water stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth and development. The use of biostimulants is becoming increasingly important to mitigate the effects of several stresses such as water deficit. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of the biostimulant Codasil® composed mainly of oligo/polypeptides, amino acids (AAs), Si, and K on lettuce growth, physiology, and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110177

20. The effect of leaf removal on canopy microclimate, vine performance and grape phenolic composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes in the continental part of Croatia

Author:
Anić, Marina; Osrečak, Mirela; Andabaka, Željko; Tomaz, Ivana; Večenaj, Željko; Jelić, Damjan; Kozina, Bernard; Kontić, Jasminka Karoglan; Karoglan, Marko
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2021 v.285 pp. 110161
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Vitis vinifera; air temperature; anthocyanins; canopy; chemical composition; flavanols; flavonols; fruit set; grapes; hills; leaves; meteorological data; microclimate; relative humidity; sugars; titratable acidity; ultraviolet radiation; vines; vineyards; viticulture; Croatia
Abstract:
... Leaf removal in the cluster zone is one of the commonly applied viticultural practices used to increase light penetration and to decrease humidity in dense foliage. A two- year study (2018/2019) was carried out on the Merlot variety grown in the vineyard on the Croatian hillside with continental climatic conditions, to study the effects of basal leaf removal on canopy microclimate, grape chemical ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110161