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You searched for: Journal name Soil Science Society of America journal Remove constraint Journal name: Soil Science Society of America journal Publication year rev 7997-2003 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7997-2003 Source 2003 v.67 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2003 v.67 no.2
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1. A Process-Based Model for Predicting Soil Carbon Dioxide Efflux and Concentration

Author:
Jukka Pumpanen; Hannu Ilvesniemi; Pertti Hari
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 402-413
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
carbon dioxide; dynamic models; humus; porosity; prediction; seasonal variation; soil air; soil respiration; soil temperature; soil water; soil water content; summer; terrestrial ecosystems; winter
Abstract:
... Decomposition and root respiration processes, important to C cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, are affected by soil temperature, soil moisture, and other soil properties. For studying the effect of these factors on soil CO₂ efflux and soil-air CO₂ concentration, a dynamic model was developed. In the model, soil was described in successive layers and the processes and soil properties were describe ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.4020

2. Biomass Distribution and Nitrogen-15 Partitioning in Citrus Trees on a Sandy Entisol

Author:
Dirceu Mattos; Donald A. Graetz; Ashok K. Alva
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 555-563
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Citrus sinensis; Entisols; Poncirus trifoliata; biomass; branches; crop production; fruiting; irrigation rates; leaching; leaves; nitrates; nitrogen fertilizers; nutrient management; rhizosphere; roots; rootstocks; sandy soils; spring; trees; Florida
Abstract:
... The area under citrus production in Florida is 332 000 ha, with a production of 10 to 12 million metric tonnes of fruit annually. Nutrient management recommendations are needed to increase N uptake efficiency and to minimize nitrate leaching below the root zone. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate biomass distribution of 6-yr-old ‘Hamlin’ orange trees [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] on ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.5550

3. Changes in Composition of Nitrogen-15-Labeled Gases during Storage in Septum-Capped Vials

Author:
Ronald J. Laughlin; R. James Stevens
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 540-543
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
adsorption; diffusivity; gases; mass spectrometry; nitrous oxide; rubber; storage time; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... We tested the reliability of 12-mL Exetainers (Labco Ltd., High Wycombe, UK) fitted with bromobutyl rubber septa for the storage of a gas sample containing ¹⁵N-labeled N₂O and N₂ The gas mixture was analyzed monthly over a 1-yr storage period by continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). After a year the N₂O concentration had decreased by 30% but the change in ¹⁵N enrichment of N₂O wa ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.5400

4. Changes in Soil Phosphorus from Manure Application

Author:
T. S. Griffin; C. W. Honeycutt; Z. He
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 645-653
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Haplorthods; aluminum; anion exchange; application rate; beef; exchangeable aluminum; iron; linear models; manure spreading; pH; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; potassium dihydrogen phosphate; poultry; poultry manure; swine; temporal variation
Abstract:
... Manure and mineral fertilizer P sources vary in their contributions to soil P pools. We conducted incubation experiments to (i) assess temporal changes in soil P concentration for 84 d following application of KH₂PO₄ or manure (beef, dairy, poultry, or swine), and (ii) to evaluate interactive effects of P rate, P source, and background P level on soil P pools 90 d after P application. Changes in s ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.6450

5. Estimating Water Content from Electrical Conductivity Measurements with Short Time-Domain Reflectometry Probes

Author:
Magnus Persson; Sahar Haridy
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 478-482
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
electrical conductivity; sand; soil; soil solution; time domain reflectometry; water content
Abstract:
... Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a widely used technique for measuring the dielectric constant (K ₐ) and bulk electrical conductivity (σₐ) of soil. The K ₐ measurement can be converted to water content (θ) by means of a (soil specific) calibration. Since the accuracy of the K ₐ measurement is dependent on the TDR probe length, probes longer than about 0.1 m are preferred. However, shorter probes ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.4780

6. Genesis of Bisequal Soils on Acidic Drift in the Upper Great Lakes Region, USA

Author:
J. G. Bockheim
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 612-619
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Fragiorthods; Haplorthods; Udalfs; acidity; aluminum; base saturation; clay; exchangeable aluminum; gravel; leaching; melting; pH; roots; sand; snowpack; soil solution; solutes; spring; Great Lakes region; Michigan; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Seventeen bisequal pedons were characterized on drift primarily from the Greatlakean advance [ca. 12 000 yr before present (BP)] in northern Wisconsin and the upper Michigan. The pedons, Alfic Haplorthods and Alfic Oxyaquic Fragiorthods, contain an Orthod sequum over an Udalf sequum and are derived primarily from coarse-loamy or coarse-silty materials overlying stratified sand and gravel or coarse ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.6120

7. Iron (Hydr)Oxide Crystallinity Effects on Soil Aggregation

Author:
Duiker, S.W.; Rhoton, F.E.; Torrent, J.; Smeck, N.E.; Ral, R.
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 606-611
ISSN:
1435-0661
Subject:
soil organic carbon; exchangeable cations; silicon; iron oxides; A horizons; crystals; iron; silt loam soils; aluminum; soil pH; iron hydroxides; particle size distribution; B horizons; soil aggregates
Abstract:
... Differences in crystallinity may explain why total Fe (hydr)oxide content has a variable effect on aggregate stability. Therefore, surface soil samples with a range of poorly crystalline Fe (hydr)oxide contents were characterized for water-stable aggregates >0.25 mm (WSA), mean-weighted diameter (MWD), soil organic C (OC), particle-size distribution, pH, exchangeable cations, citrate/bicarbonate/d ...
Handle:
10113/2652
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.0606

8. Iron (Hydr)Oxide Crystallinity Effects on Soil Aggregation

Author:
Sjoerd W. Duiker; Fred E. Rhoton; José Torrent; Neil E. Smeck; Rattan Lal
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 606-611
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
A horizons; B horizons; aggregate stability; aluminum; ammonium oxalate; bicarbonates; citrates; clay; crystal structure; exchangeable cations; iron; linear models; particle size distribution; silicon; soil aggregates; soil aggregation; soil organic carbon; soil sampling
Abstract:
... Differences in crystallinity may explain why total Fe (hydr)oxide content has a variable effect on aggregate stability. Therefore, surface soil samples with a range of poorly crystalline Fe (hydr)oxide contents were characterized for water-stable aggregates >0.25 mm (WSA), mean-weighted diameter (MWD), soil organic C (OC), particle-size distribution, pH, exchangeable cations, citrate/bicarbonate/d ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.6060

9. Long-Term Evaluations of Seasonally Saturated “Wetlands” in Western Kentucky

Author:
A. D. Karathanasis; Y. L. Thompson; C. D. Barton
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 662-673
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Epiaqualfs; Fragiaqualfs; aquatic plants; ecosystems; equipment; fragipans; growing season; hydric soils; hydrosequences; landscapes; monitoring; redox potential; saturated conditions; soil matric potential; spring; water table; wet environmental conditions; wetland soils; wetlands; winter; woodlands; Kentucky
Abstract:
... A research program was initiated in 1993 to monitor water-table depth, redox potential, and soil matric potential at four sites. The selected sites were woodlands with water tables present at or near the soil surface during late winter and spring. Soil morphology was described and permanent monitoring instruments were installed on eight soils. Hydrosequences of three soils, which represented an En ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.6620

10. Mineral Transformations in Permafrost-Affected Soils, North Kolyma Lowland, Russia

Author:
A. Alekseev; T. Alekseeva; V. Ostroumov; C. Siegert; B. Gradusov
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 596-605
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
climatic factors; cold; crystallization; illite; iron; lepidocrocite; permafrost; sediments; thawing; weathering; Siberia
Abstract:
... Soils in permafrost sediments were studied on the Kolyma Lowland, North-East Siberia. Mineral transformations were studied by comparing samples from different geochemical positions relative to the permafrost table. The profiles studied are developed from Yedoma deposits (mid to late Pleistocene). Mineralogical composition of study soils is controlled by the illite-chlorite mineralogy of the parent ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.5960

11. Modeling Soil Water Redistribution during Second-Stage Evaporation

Author:
A. A. Suleiman; J. T. Ritchie
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 377-386
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
agricultural management; diffusivity; evaporation; simulation models; soil depth; soil water; soil water content
Abstract:
... Calculating the dynamics of soil water content (θ) near the surface and modeling soil water evaporation (E ₛ) are critical for many agricultural management strategies. This study was performed to develop a model to simulate soil water redistribution during second-stage evaporation (SSE). In this model, the daily change of θ was estimated from the difference between the initial θ (θᵢ) and air-dry θ ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.3770

12. Phosphorus-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectral Assignments of Phosphorus Compounds in Soil NaOH-EDTA Extracts

Author:
Turner, B.L.; Mahieu, N.; Condron, L.M.
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 497-510
ISSN:
1435-0661
Subject:
phosphorus; soil; spectral analysis; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organophosphorus compounds; soil bacteria; alkali treatment; sodium hydroxide; EDTA (chelating agent); extracts; orthophosphates; polyphosphates
Abstract:
... Soil P composition can be conveniently determined in alkaline extracts using solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, but spectral assignments are based on fragmentary literature reports of model compounds in various extraction matrices. We report solution 31P NMR chemical shifts of model P compounds, including inorganic phosphates, orthophosphate monoesters and diesters, phosph ...
Handle:
10113/15586
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.0497

13. Subsoil Nitrogen Capture in Mixed Legume Stands as Assessed by Deep Nitrogen-15 Placement

Author:
Stanley M. Gathumbi; Georg Cadisch; Roland J. Buresh; Ken E. Giller
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 573-582
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Crotalaria; Eutrudox; Macroptilium atropurpureum; Sesbania sesban; agroforestry; crops; legumes; mixed stands; mixing; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; rooting; soil fertility; soil minerals; topsoil; tropics; understory; Kenya
Abstract:
... The rotation of crops with planted N₂–fixing legumes (improved fallows) is a promising agroforestry innovation for replenishing soil fertility in the tropics. We postulated that woody and herbaceous legumes with different rooting and growth patterns could be mixed in improved fallows to maximize utilization of belowground growth resources. We used a method of injecting a solution of ¹⁵N-labeled (N ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.5730

14. Thresholds of Leaf Nitrogen for Optimum Fruit Production and Quality in Grapefruit

Author:
Z. L. He; D. V. Calvert; A. K. Alva; D. J. Banks; Y. C. Li
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 583-588
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Citrus aurantium; Glossaqualfs; best management practices; correlation; fertigation; field experimentation; fruit growing; fruit quality; fruit yield; grapefruits; guidelines; irrigation; juices; leaves; marketing; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nutrient content; nutrients; nutrition information; rootstocks; sand; sandy soils; slow-release fertilizers; titratable acidity; total soluble solids; trees
Abstract:
... Fertilization is critical for sustainable production of citrus on sandy soils. However, information on nutritional diagnosis standards for grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi Macfad.) is lacking and this information is needed for implementation of best management practices (BMPs). A field experiment was conducted from 1997 to 2000 on a Riviera fine sand (loamy, siliceous, hyperthermic, Arenic Glossaqual ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.5830

15. Use of Organosmectites to Reduce Leaching Losses of Acidic Herbicides

Author:
M. J. Carrizosa; M. C. Hermosin; W. C. Koskinen; J. Cornejo
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 511-517
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
active ingredients; adsorbents; bentazon; bioassays; cation exchange; cations; dicamba; groundwater contamination; leaching; mixing; soil; sorption; weed control
Abstract:
... The modification of smectitic clays with organic cations via cation-exchange reactions produces sorbents with an increased sorption capacity for organic compounds such as acidic herbicides. These organoclays (OCls) could be used as carriers in controlled release formulations of herbicides to decrease their contamination potential. Various OCls and two acidic herbicides (bentazone [3-isopropyl-1H-2 ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.5110

16. Aggregate-Mean Diameter and Wind-Erodible Soil Predictions Using Dry Aggregate-Size Distributions

Author:
T. M. Zobeck; T. W. Popham; E. L. Skidmore; J. A. Lamb; S. D. Merrill; M. J. Lindstrom; D. L. Mokma; R. E. Yoder
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 425-436
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
lognormal distribution; management systems; organic soils; prediction; soil management; soil properties; soil sampling; wind erosion
Abstract:
... Temporal estimates of surface soil dry aggregate-size distributions (DASD) are needed to evaluate soil management systems and estimate wind erosion. This study was conducted to determine the most accurate and precise DASD to estimate aggregate-mean diameter and amount of wind-erodible soil. Over 5400 surface samples of soil dry aggregates were collected at various times throughout the year for 2 t ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.4250

17. Changes in Soil Test Phosphorus Concentration After Application of Manure or Fertilizer

Author:
Carrie A. M. Laboski; John A. Lamb
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 544-554
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
application rate; manure spreading; organic acids and salts; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; pig manure; soil; soil amendments; sorption; Minnesota
Abstract:
... The availability of P from injected manure application has received limited study. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of time on P availability in soils amended with manure or fertilizer, evaluate the relative availability of manure P compared with fertilizer P, and determine the impact of previous manure history on P availability. Liquid swine manure or fertilizer was appli ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.5440

18. Dissolution of Ripidolite (Mg, Fe-Chlorite) in Organic and Inorganic Acid Solutions

Author:
M. Hamer; R. C. Graham; C. Amrhein; K. N. Bozhilov
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 654-661
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aluminum; chlorides; chlorites; citric acid; equations; hydrochloric acid; iron; magnesium; oxalic acid; pH; protons; silicon; soil; soil solution; weathering
Abstract:
... Although chlorites are an important source of Mg and micronutrients in soils, little is known about their weathering behavior in acidic environments. The effect of organic (acetic, oxalic, citric) and inorganic (hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric) acids on the dissolution of ripidolite was studied at 25°C over an acid concentration range of 0.03 to 10 mM The increasing ripidolite dissolution with incr ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.6540

19. Dissolved Phosphorus from Undisturbed Soil Cores

Author:
M. Saleem Akhtar; Brian K. Richards; Pedro A. Medrano; Maarten deGroot; Tammo S. Steenhuis
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 458-470
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
adsorption; drainage water; phosphorus; preferential flow; rain; sandy loam soils; saturated flow; silt loam soils; soil structure; sorption isotherms; United States
Abstract:
... While the rapid transport of nonadsorbed chemicals is relatively well understood, preferential transport of adsorbable chemicals including P requires further study. Our objective was to characterize subsurface P transport in glaciated soils of the northeastern USA. Large intact columns from five soils with differing structures were subjected in duplicate to both synthetic acid rainfall at a low ra ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.4580

20. Effect of Water Flux on Solute Velocity and Dispersion

Author:
M. K. Shukla; T. R. Ellsworth; R. J. Hudson; D. R. Nielsen
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2003 v.67 no.2 pp. 449-457
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
data collection; diffusivity; loam soils; sandy loam soils; sandy soils; soil texture; solutes
Abstract:
... A systematic analysis of the effect of displacement length, soil texture, and steady state water flux (q) on solute transport was performed on saturated repacked loam and sandy loam soil columns to identify the simplest possible description that was consistent with the observations across all of the breakthrough curves (BTCs) for each data set. All 39 BTCs obtained from loam and 21 from sandy loam ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2003.4490