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You searched for: Journal Soil Science Society of America journal Remove constraint Journal: Soil Science Society of America journal Publication year rev 8000-2000 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 8000-2000 Source 2000 v.64 no.4 Remove constraint Source: 2000 v.64 no.4
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1. A Thermal Wave Approach for Heat Transfer in a Nonuniform Soil

Author:
Mostafa A. Karam
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1219-1225
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
heat flow; heat transfer; mathematical models; prediction; soil temperature; temperature profiles
Abstract:
... A novel thermal wave model is developed for studying heat transfer in nonuniform soils. The model, which is based on the wave-like characteristics of periodic heat flow, discretizes the soil into sublayers. The total thermal reflection and transmission coefficients at the interfaces of those sublayers are formulated and then employed to construct the soil temperature and heat flux profiles from th ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441219x

2. Adsorption of Phosphate and Tartrate on Hydroxy-Aluminum–Oxalate Precipitates

Author:
A. De Cristofaro; J. Z. He; D. H. Zhou; A. Violante
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1347-1355
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
adsorption; aluminum; ligands; molecular weight; organomineral complexes; oxalates; pH; phosphates; soil; solubility; surface area
Abstract:
... Sorption of phosphate in the presence of low molecular mass organic ligands on hydroxy-Al–organics coprecipitates may be the rule and not the exception in rhizospheric soils. We studied the competitive sorption of phosphate and tartrate on hydroxy-Al–oxalate precipitates obtained by coprecipitating Al and oxalate at pH 7.0 and initial oxalate/Al molar ratios of 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5. The noncrystal ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441347x

3. Artifacts Caused by Collection of Soil Solution with Passive Capillary Samplers

Author:
Keith W. Goyne; Rick L. Day; Jon Chorover
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1330-1336
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
A horizons; alkalinity; aluminum; calcium; fiberglass; leaching; pH; samplers; sandy loam soils; silicon; sodium; soil solution; weathering
Abstract:
... Soil solution was collected with passive capillary samplers (PCAPS) and zero-tension samplers (ZTS) from A horizons of forested soils. The volume and chemistry of collected solutions were measured weekly during discrete seasonal collection periods. Acid-washed PCAPS increased alkalinity (3-fold), pH (1–3 units), and concentrations of Ca (2-fold), Na (8-fold), and Si (4-fold), relative to ZTS solut ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441330x

4. Biotic and Abiotic Nitrogen Retention in a Variety of Forest Soils

Author:
D. W. Johnson; W. Cheng; I. C. Burke
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1503-1514
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
A horizons; base saturation; forest ecosystems; forest soils; forests; mercuric chloride; nitrogen; nitrogen retention; soil pH; total nitrogen; California; Nevada; North Carolina; Tennessee; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... Nitrogen (N) immobilization in sterilized (abiotic) and non-sterilized (biotic) O and A horizons was studied to determine the relative importance of biotic and abiotic processes in N retention in forest ecosystems. We collected samples from a variety of forest locations in Washington, Nevada, California, Tennessee, and North Carolina with differing soil types, vegetation, N status, and soil acidit ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441503x

5. Carbon and Nitrogen in the Enriched Labile Fraction along a Climosequence of Zonal Steppe Soils in Russia

Author:
A. Rodionov; W. Amelung; I. Urusevskaja; W. Zech
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1467-1473
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
carbon; carbon sinks; climate; fractionation; land use; microaggregates; nitrogen; nitrogen content; particle size; plowing; silt; soil organic matter; steppe soils; steppes; topsoil; ultrasonics; Russia
Abstract:
... Breaking aggregates by plowing resulted in the decomposition of formerly physically protected soil organic matter (SOM), including the enriched labile fraction (ELF), but it was unknown to what extent such effects were controlled by climate. To investigate this question, aggregate-size fractions were obtained from each of five native and adjacent long-term cultivated topsoils across a climosequenc ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441467x

6. Crop Rotations and Nitrogen Fertilization to Manage Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics

Author:
Guillermo A. Studdert; Hernán E. Echeverr ı ´ a
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1496-1503
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Argiudolls; Glycine max; Helianthus annuus; Paleudolls; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; conventional tillage; corn; crop rotation; crops; fertilizer application; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; production technology; soil organic carbon; soybeans; spring wheat; summer; Argentina
Abstract:
... Sustainability is influenced in many production systems by the variation of soil organic C (SOC) content and dynamics, and crop rotations. We hypothesized that arable layer SOC under conventional tillage can be managed through the amount of residue C (RC) returned to the soil as affected by tillage and fertilization. Soil organic C dynamics of a complex of Typic Argiudoll and Petrocalcic Paleudoll ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441496x

7. Decrease in Humification of Organic Matter with Intensified Lowland Rice Cropping A Wet Chemical and Spectroscopic Investigation

Author:
D. C. Olk; G. Brunetti; N. Senesi
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1337-1347
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; amides; calcium; carbohydrates; copper; crops; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; elemental composition; farms; fertilizer application; field experimentation; fluorescence; free radicals; humic acids; humification; iron; irrigation; moieties; oxidation; research institutions; rice; rice soils; soil organic matter; spectral analysis; submergence; vanadyl ions; wavelengths; Asia
Abstract:
... To address recent concerns of impaired nutrient cycling in intensively cropped lowland rice soils of tropical Asia, we have been investigating the effects of continuous rice cropping on the chemical nature of soil organic matter (SOM). In this study, the labile mobile humic acid (MHA) fraction and the more recalcitrant calcium humate (CaHA) fraction were extracted from soils of four long-term fiel ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441337x

8. Degradation of 13C–U–Glucose in Sphagnum majus Litter Responses to Redox, pH, and Temperature

Author:
Inger Bergman; Peter Lundberg; Caroline M. Preston; Mats Nilsson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1368-1381
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Sphagnum; aerobic conditions; anaerobic conditions; carbon dioxide; ethanol; fungi; glucose; humus; liquids; magnetism; mannitol; methane; microbial biomass; microbial communities; microbial growth; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pH; peat; peat soils; polysaccharides; temperature; triacylglycerols; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... We studied the utilization of ¹³C–U–glucose by the microbial community in shallow Sphagnum majus (Russ.) C. Jens. ssp. norvegicum Flatb. litter and its regulation by pH, temperature, and redox conditions. The transformation of ¹³C–glucose was monitored by solution- and solid-state ¹³C–nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The aerobic microbial community used the glucose C for respiration ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441368x

9. Deriving Transport Parameters from Transient Flow Leaching Experiments by Approximate Steady-State Flow Convection–Dispersion Models

Author:
J. Vanderborght; D. Jacques; J. Feyen
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1317-1327
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
dispersibility; drainage; equations; leaching; models; soil; solutes; time series analysis; transient flow; water content
Abstract:
... The applicability of two different steady-state flow approximations of the convection–dispersion equation (CDE) to derive transport parameters from time series of concentrations or breakthrough curves (BTCs) that are observed during transient flow leaching experiments was evaluated. In the first often-used approximation, the time coordinate was transformed to a cumulative drainage coordinate, I, a ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441317x

10. Factors Affecting Measurement of the Near-Saturated Soil Hydraulic Conductivity

Author:
Vincenzo Bagarello; Massimo Iovino; Giuseppa Tusa
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1203-1210
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
hydraulic conductivity; infiltration rate; infiltrometers; sandy loam soils
Abstract:
... Different techniques and different technique application procedures are available to determine soil hydraulic conductivity (K). The objective of this study was to determine the dependence of the K values on the selected technique and application procedure. Soil hydraulic conductivity was determined on a sandy loam soil in the near-saturated zone by the pressure infiltrometer, the tension infiltrom ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441203x

11. Fates and Losses of Nitrogen from a Nitrogen-15-Labeled Cover Crop in an Intensively Managed Vegetable System

Author:
L. E. Jackson
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1404-1412
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Lactuca sativa; Phacelia tanacetifolia; bags; cover crops; crop residues; fallow; fertilizers; ion exchange resins; irrigation; isotope labeling; leaching; lettuce; microbial biomass; microorganisms; mineralization; nitrate nitrogen; nitrogen; rain; sandy soils; soil organic nitrogen; stable isotopes; vegetable crops; vegetable growing; winter; California
Abstract:
... Cover crops are known to decrease leaching of NO⁻ ₃–N during the winter fallow period in vegetable crop systems, but soil N dynamics following cover crop incorporation are not well understood. The ability of microbes and plants to assimilate and retain N from cover crop residue was studied in a sandy soil in a field under intensive vegetable production in California. The purpose was to describe ch ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441404x

12. Impact of Preferential Flow on the Transport of Adsorbing and Non-Adsorbing Tracers

Author:
K.-J. S. Kung; T. S. Steenhuis; E. J. Kladivko; T. J. Gish; G. Bubenzer; C. S. Helling
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1290-1296
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
bromides; chlorides; conventional tillage; field experimentation; irrigation; monitoring; no-tillage; preferential flow; rain intensity; rainfall simulation; rhodamines; soil profiles; tracer techniques
Abstract:
... Field experiments were conducted by using a tile drain monitoring facility to determine the impact of preferential flow on the transport of adsorbing and non-adsorbing tracers. Simulated rainfall with 7.5 mm h⁻¹ intensity and 7.5 h duration was applied to a 18- by 65-m no-till plot. After 72 min of irrigation, a pulse of Br⁻ and rhodamine WT (water tracer) was applied through irrigation, and 4 h l ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441290x

13. Impacts of the Real and Imaginary Components of Relative Permittivity on Time Domain Reflectometry Measurements in Soils

Author:
G.C. Topp; S. Zegelin; I. White
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1244-1252
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
clay fraction; equations; ions; monitoring; salts; soil solution; time domain reflectometry; water content
Abstract:
... Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is widely used for routine field monitoring of water content and salts in soils. Most estimates of water content assume the TDR-measured apparent relative permittivity, ϵₐ, is a good approximation for the real component, ϵ′ ᵣ, of the soil's complex relative permittivity with the magnitude of ϵ′ ᵣ being determined primarily by water content. We examine this assumptio ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441244x

14. Influence of Phosphorus Loading on Organic Nitrogen Mineralization of Everglades Soils

Author:
J. R. White; K. R. Reddy
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1525-1534
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
biogeochemical cycles; bulk density; detritus; ecosystems; macrophytes; microbial activity; microbial biomass; mineralization; organic nitrogen; phosphorus; pollution load; soil depth; soil properties; total phosphorus; water quality
Abstract:
... There have been recent concerns about the anthropogenic phosphorus (P) loading to the naturally oligotrophic Everglades ecosystem. We investigated the effect of P loading on the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen (N). We investigated the distribution of the potentially mineralizable N (PMN) rate as an indicator of the influence of P loading on selected microbial activities in soil and detritus lay ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441525x

15. Modeling nutrient uptake using a moving boundary approach Comparison with the barber-cushman model

Author:
Juan C. Reginato; Mar ı ´ a C. Palumbo; Inés S. Moreno; Isabel Ch. Bernardo; Domingo A. Tarzia
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1363-1367
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Hapludults; Zea mays; corn; crops; equations; growth chambers; hybrids; magnesium; models; nutrient uptake; phosphorus; potassium; prediction; root growth; root systems; roots; seedlings; sulfur; wheat; Argentina
Abstract:
... Single nutrient uptake by a growing root system is often estimated by the Barber-Cushman model. The model solves the coupled equations of transport in the soil and absorption of nutrient by roots in fixed domains. This study was conducted to determine whether a moving boundary model that accounts for increasing root competition could improve predictions of nutrient uptake. Our model includes assum ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441363x

16. Optimal Phosphorus Management Strategies for Wheat–Rice Cropping on a Loamy Sand

Author:
Yadvinder-Singh; A. Dobermann; Bijay-Singh; K. F. Bronson; C. S. Khind
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1413-1422
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Oryza sativa; Triticum aestivum; crop residue management; fertilizer application; grain yield; ion exchange; ion exchange resins; loamy sand soils; nutrient availability; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; rice; sorption; straw; wheat; India
Abstract:
... Knowledge about optimal P rates for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping is insufficient because of nutrient availability differences between aerobic and anaerobic soil. We assessed P management strategies in a wheat–rice rotation on a Typic Ustochrept at Ludhiana, India. Seven P fertilizer treatments applied to wheat and rice, respectively, (P0-0, P0-26, P13-13, P26-0, P26 ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441413x

17. Organic Matter Influence on Clay Wettability and Soil Aggregate Stability

Author:
C. Chenu; Y. Le Bissonnais; D. Arrouays
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1479-1486
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
aggregate stability; clay; clay fraction; cohesion; contact angle; loam soils; soil aggregates; soil carbon; soil organic matter; soil sampling; wettability; France
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter is thought to increase aggregate stability by lowering the wettability and increasing the cohesion of aggregates. In southwest France, thick humic loamy soils (Vermic Haplubrepts) have been intensively cropped for 40 yr, decreasing the soil organic pool and lowering the soil agregate stability. This study assessed (i) the contribution of organic matter to aggregate stability by ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441479x

18. Polyacrylamide, Sediments, and Interrupted Flow Effects on Rill Erosion and Intake Rate

Author:
D. Sirjacobs; I. Shainberg; I. Rapp; G. J. Levy
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1487-1495
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Haploxeralfs; Vertisols; irrigation; irrigation water; polyacrylamide; rill erosion; sediments; tap water; water quality
Abstract:
... The reduction in the intake rate (IR) during interrupted irrigation is difficult to predict. Sediments in irrigation water decrease the effect of interrupted irrigation on IR. Polyacrylamide (PAM) reduces rill erosion, but its effect on IR is controversial. The effects of water quality (tap water, tap water containing sediments, and 10 g m⁻³ PAM solution) and interrupted flow on IR and rill erosio ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441487x

19. Portable, two-stage sampler for “difficult” soils

Author:
D. A. Seaby
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1327-1329
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
clay fraction; cutting; earthworms; hardwood; steel
Abstract:
... A lightweight hand-sampler is described for taking uncompacted cores up to 1.5 m long and 49 by 49 mm in section. Cores were successfully taken from tilled gravelly brown earths or had intact unshattered earthworm tunnels even in samples with a high clay content. The sampler comprises two halves, two lengths of light, high quality angle-steel (2 m long × 50 mm wide). The two half-lengths are inser ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441327x

20. Predicting Boron Adsorption by Soils Using Soil Chemical Parameters in the Constant Capacitance Model

Author:
Sabine Goldberg; Scott M. Lesch; Donald L. Suarez
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1356-1363
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
boron; capacitance; cation exchange capacity; equations; inorganic carbon; models; organic carbon; prediction; regression analysis; soil solution; surface area
Abstract:
... The constant capacitance model, a chemical surface complexation model, was applied to B adsorption on 17 soils selected for variation in soil properties. A general regression model was developed for predicting soil B surface complexation constants from easily measured soil chemical characteristics. These chemical properties were cation-exchange capacity (CEC), surface area, organic carbon content ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2000.6441356x