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Soil Science Society of America journal
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8000-2000
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2000 v.64 no.4
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- Author:
- Guillermo A. Studdert; Hernán E. Echeverr ı ´ a
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1496-1503
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Argiudolls; Glycine max; Helianthus annuus; Paleudolls; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; conventional tillage; corn; crop rotation; crops; fertilizer application; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; production technology; soil organic carbon; soybeans; spring wheat; summer; Argentina
- Abstract:
- ... Sustainability is influenced in many production systems by the variation of soil organic C (SOC) content and dynamics, and crop rotations. We hypothesized that arable layer SOC under conventional tillage can be managed through the amount of residue C (RC) returned to the soil as affected by tillage and fertilization. Soil organic C dynamics of a complex of Typic Argiudoll and Petrocalcic Paleudoll ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441496x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441496x
- Author:
- D. C. Olk; G. Brunetti; N. Senesi
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1337-1347
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; amides; calcium; carbohydrates; copper; crops; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; elemental composition; farms; fertilizer application; field experimentation; fluorescence; free radicals; humic acids; humification; iron; irrigation; moieties; oxidation; research institutions; rice; rice soils; soil organic matter; spectral analysis; submergence; vanadyl ions; wavelengths; Asia
- Abstract:
- ... To address recent concerns of impaired nutrient cycling in intensively cropped lowland rice soils of tropical Asia, we have been investigating the effects of continuous rice cropping on the chemical nature of soil organic matter (SOM). In this study, the labile mobile humic acid (MHA) fraction and the more recalcitrant calcium humate (CaHA) fraction were extracted from soils of four long-term fiel ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441337x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441337x
- Author:
- Inger Bergman; Peter Lundberg; Caroline M. Preston; Mats Nilsson
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1368-1381
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Sphagnum; aerobic conditions; anaerobic conditions; carbon dioxide; ethanol; fungi; glucose; humus; liquids; magnetism; mannitol; methane; microbial biomass; microbial communities; microbial growth; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pH; peat; peat soils; polysaccharides; temperature; triacylglycerols; volatile fatty acids
- Abstract:
- ... We studied the utilization of ¹³C–U–glucose by the microbial community in shallow Sphagnum majus (Russ.) C. Jens. ssp. norvegicum Flatb. litter and its regulation by pH, temperature, and redox conditions. The transformation of ¹³C–glucose was monitored by solution- and solid-state ¹³C–nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The aerobic microbial community used the glucose C for respiration ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441368x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441368x
- Author:
- Vincenzo Bagarello; Massimo Iovino; Giuseppa Tusa
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1203-1210
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- hydraulic conductivity; infiltration rate; infiltrometers; sandy loam soils
- Abstract:
- ... Different techniques and different technique application procedures are available to determine soil hydraulic conductivity (K). The objective of this study was to determine the dependence of the K values on the selected technique and application procedure. Soil hydraulic conductivity was determined on a sandy loam soil in the near-saturated zone by the pressure infiltrometer, the tension infiltrom ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441203x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441203x
- Author:
- K.-J. S. Kung; T. S. Steenhuis; E. J. Kladivko; T. J. Gish; G. Bubenzer; C. S. Helling
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1290-1296
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- bromides; chlorides; conventional tillage; field experimentation; irrigation; monitoring; no-tillage; preferential flow; rain intensity; rainfall simulation; rhodamines; soil profiles; tracer techniques
- Abstract:
- ... Field experiments were conducted by using a tile drain monitoring facility to determine the impact of preferential flow on the transport of adsorbing and non-adsorbing tracers. Simulated rainfall with 7.5 mm h⁻¹ intensity and 7.5 h duration was applied to a 18- by 65-m no-till plot. After 72 min of irrigation, a pulse of Br⁻ and rhodamine WT (water tracer) was applied through irrigation, and 4 h l ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441290x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441290x
- Author:
- G.C. Topp; S. Zegelin; I. White
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1244-1252
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- clay fraction; equations; ions; monitoring; salts; soil solution; time domain reflectometry; water content
- Abstract:
- ... Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is widely used for routine field monitoring of water content and salts in soils. Most estimates of water content assume the TDR-measured apparent relative permittivity, ϵₐ, is a good approximation for the real component, ϵ′ ᵣ, of the soil's complex relative permittivity with the magnitude of ϵ′ ᵣ being determined primarily by water content. We examine this assumptio ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441244x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441244x
7. Modeling nutrient uptake using a moving boundary approach Comparison with the barber-cushman model
- Author:
- Juan C. Reginato; Mar ı ´ a C. Palumbo; Inés S. Moreno; Isabel Ch. Bernardo; Domingo A. Tarzia
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1363-1367
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Hapludults; Zea mays; corn; crops; equations; growth chambers; hybrids; magnesium; models; nutrient uptake; phosphorus; potassium; prediction; root growth; root systems; roots; seedlings; sulfur; wheat; Argentina
- Abstract:
- ... Single nutrient uptake by a growing root system is often estimated by the Barber-Cushman model. The model solves the coupled equations of transport in the soil and absorption of nutrient by roots in fixed domains. This study was conducted to determine whether a moving boundary model that accounts for increasing root competition could improve predictions of nutrient uptake. Our model includes assum ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441363x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441363x
- Author:
- D. Sirjacobs; I. Shainberg; I. Rapp; G. J. Levy
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1487-1495
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Haploxeralfs; Vertisols; irrigation; irrigation water; polyacrylamide; rill erosion; sediments; tap water; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... The reduction in the intake rate (IR) during interrupted irrigation is difficult to predict. Sediments in irrigation water decrease the effect of interrupted irrigation on IR. Polyacrylamide (PAM) reduces rill erosion, but its effect on IR is controversial. The effects of water quality (tap water, tap water containing sediments, and 10 g m⁻³ PAM solution) and interrupted flow on IR and rill erosio ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441487x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441487x
- Author:
- Sabine Goldberg; Scott M. Lesch; Donald L. Suarez
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1356-1363
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- boron; capacitance; cation exchange capacity; equations; inorganic carbon; models; organic carbon; prediction; regression analysis; soil solution; surface area
- Abstract:
- ... The constant capacitance model, a chemical surface complexation model, was applied to B adsorption on 17 soils selected for variation in soil properties. A general regression model was developed for predicting soil B surface complexation constants from easily measured soil chemical characteristics. These chemical properties were cation-exchange capacity (CEC), surface area, organic carbon content ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441356x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441356x
- Author:
- Yakov Pachepsky; David Benson; Walter Rawls
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1234-1243
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- chlorides; clay soils; dispersibility; equations; sand; soil aggregates; soil depth; soil heterogeneity; solutes
- Abstract:
- ... Solute dispersivity defined from the classical advective–dispersive equation (ADE) was found to increase as the length of a soil column or the soil depth increased. The heterogeneity of soil is a physical reason for this scale dependence. Such transport can be described assuming that the random movement of solute particles belongs to the family of so-called Lévy motions. Recently a differential so ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441234x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441234x
- Author:
- Philippe Rochette; Denis A. Angers; Denis C o ˆ té
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1389-1395
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Sus scrofa; agricultural soils; application rate; carbon dioxide; greenhouse gas emissions; microbial biomass; microbial carbon; mineral fertilizers; nitrogen; phosphorus pentoxide; pig manure; slurries; soil carbon; soil microorganisms; soil respiration; soil temperature; soil water; swine
- Abstract:
- ... Agricultural soils often receive annual applications of manure for long periods. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of 19 consecutive years of pig (Sus scrofa) slurry (PS) application on CO₂ emissions and soil microbial biomass. Soil temperature, soil moisture, and extractable soil C were also determined to explain the variations in CO₂ emissions and soil microbial biomass. Lo ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441389x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441389x
- Author:
- Philippe Rochette; Eric van Bochove; Danielle Prévost; Denis A. Angers; Denis C o ˆ té; Normand Bertrand
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1396-1403
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Sus scrofa; Zea mays; agricultural soils; corn; denitrification; emissions factor; enzyme activity; greenhouse gas emissions; loam soils; mineral fertilizers; nitrate nitrogen; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; phosphorus pentoxide; pig manure; residual effects; silage; slurries; soil carbon; swine; total nitrogen
- Abstract:
- ... Agricultural soils often receive annual applications of manure for long periods. Our objective was to quantify the effects of 19 consecutive years of pig (Sus scrofa) slurry (PS) application to a loamy soil (loamy, mixed, frigid Aeric Haplaquept) on N₂O emissions. Soil surface N₂O fluxes (F N₂O) were measured 36 times in 1 yr. Nitrous oxide concentration profiles, soil NH⁺ ₄- and NO⁻ ₃-N contents, ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441396x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441396x
- Author:
- Cindy H. Nakatsu; Vigdis Torsvik; Lise Øvreås
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1382-1388
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Archaea; agricultural soils; agroecosystems; bacteria; community structure; crop rotation; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; microbial communities; polluted soils; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal DNA; ribosomal RNA; soil ecology; soil sampling; tillage; Norway; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Separation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–amplified 16S rDNA products using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was tested as a means to study microbial community composition in bulk soil samples. DNA was extracted from six soils from agroecosystems in Norway and the USA under different agronomic treatments (crop, rotation, and tillage); one soil is contaminated with polyaromatic hy ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441382x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441382x
- Author:
- Helga Van Miegroet; Molly T. Hysell; Amber Denton Johnson
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1515-1525
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Abies lasiocarpa; Picea engelmannii; altitude; canopy; carbon nitrogen ratio; islands; meadow soils; meadows; microclimate; organic horizons; shade; snow; snowmelt; soil chemical properties; soil temperature; soil water; summer; trees; Utah
- Abstract:
- ... The objective was to investigate differences in soil properties in high-elevation tree islands composed of subalpine fir [Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.] and Engelmann spruce [Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.] relative to semiarid meadows in Northern Utah. We compared snow depths, surface soil temperature and moisture, and soil chemical properties (0–30 cm) between tree islands and the surroundi ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441515x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441515x
- Author:
- Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh; Randall C. Reeder
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1285-1290
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Sphagnum; bulk density; calcium chloride; clay loam soils; growth and development; laboratory experimentation; microclimate; salt concentration; sand; sandy loam soils; soil density; soil organic matter; thermal conductivity; water content
- Abstract:
- ... The thermal conductivity of soil under a given set of conditions is most important as it relates to a soil's microclimate. The early growth and development of a crop may be determined to a large extent by microclimate. The effect of bulk density, moisture content, salt concentration, and organic matter on the thermal conductivity of some sieved and repacked Jordanian soils was investigated through ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441285x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441285x
- Author:
- Robert G. Darmody; Colin E. Thorn; John C. Dixon; Peter Schlyter
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1455-1466
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Cryofluvents; Cryorthents; Cryosaprists; Dystrocryepts; Gelisols; Haplocryods; Mollisols; altitude; bedrock; clay; climate; cold; cold soils; floodplains; interstratified minerals; landscape position; landscapes; mica; mineral soils; permafrost; soil formation; soil pH; soil taxonomy; soil temperature; treeline; watersheds; weathering; Arctic region; Lapland; Sweden
- Abstract:
- ... Kärkevagge, a glacially eroded valley above the Arctic Circle in Sweden, is of particular interest because research findings there in the 1950s challenged the view that chemical weathering is insignificant in cold climates. Because of the wide elevation range, diverse landscapes, steep slopes, and proximity to tree line, soils in the watershed are quite variable and recent changes to Soil Taxonomy ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441455x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441455x
- Author:
- F. J. Young; R. D. Hammer
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1443-1454
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- base saturation; clay; color; glacial till; highlands; hydrology; land use; landscape position; landscapes; organic matter; pH; silt; soil surveys; Missouri
- Abstract:
- ... Soil survey users are requesting statistically valid distributions of soil attributes that are important for management and land use. The hypothesis that many soil attributes vary predictably with landscape positions was tested with 257 pedons from point transects in a 40-ha upland Missouri setting. The effect of landscape position on the central tendencies of selected soil properties was examined ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441443x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441443x
- Author:
- David V. D'Amore; Scott R. Stewart; J. Herbert Huddleston; J. Reed Glasmann
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1535-1543
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- Holocene epoch; X-ray diffraction; alluvium; clay; geomorphology; groundwater; isotopes; landscapes; piezometers; silt; soil water; stratigraphy; surface water; water table; wetland soils; wetlands; Oregon
- Abstract:
- ... The relationship between wetland soils and hydrology can be better understood by linking soil geomorphological features to the measurement of groundwater depths in the soil. Soil stratigraphic analysis and long-term measurements of soil water levels in piezometers were used at the Jackson-Frazier wetland in western Oregon to investigate the interaction between local geomorphological history and th ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441535x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441535x
- Author:
- Jean-Pierre Vandervaere; Michel Vauclin; Dave E. Elrick
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1263-1272
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- equations; infiltrometers; laboratory experimentation; permeability; soil; transient flow; water content
- Abstract:
- ... Tension disk infiltrometer experiments are generally conducted until apparent steady state is reached because most of the methods of analysis are based on Wooding's solution for steady state flux. However, the time necessary to reach steady state may be a penalizing aspect for soils with low permeability and the information contained in the transient stages is not utilized. Moreover, these methods ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441263x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441263x
20. Transient Flow from Tension Infiltrometers II. Four Methods to Determine Sorptivity and Conductivity
- Author:
- Jean-Pierre Vandervaere; Michel Vauclin; Dave E. Elrick
- Source:
- Soil Science Society of America journal 2000 v.64 no.4 pp. 1272-1284
- ISSN:
- 0361-5995
- Subject:
- clay; equations; gravity; guidelines; hydraulic conductivity; infiltrometers; methodology; models; sand; transient flow
- Abstract:
- ... In Vandervaere et al. (2000) it was shown that the transient regime of axisymmetric infiltration can be described by a two-term equation with one term proportional to the square root of time and the other term proportional to time. The two corresponding coefficients, C ₁ and C ₂, are functions of the hydraulic conductivity, K, and the sorptivity, S In this paper we propose four different methods t ...
- DOI:
- 10.2136/sssaj2000.6441272x
- https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6441272x